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HomeMy WebLinkAbout04-75 - Resolutions RESOLUTION NO. 04-75 A RESOLUTION OF THE PLANNING COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF RANCHO CUCAMONGA, CALIFORNIA, CERTIFYING THE FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT PREPARED FOR TRACY RESIDENTIAL PROJECT, ADOPTING A MITIGATION MONITORING PROGRAM, ADOPTING A STATEMENT OF OVERRIDING CONSIDERATIONS,AND MAKING FINDINGS IN SUPPORT THEREOF,AS TO TENTATIVE TRACT MAP SUBTT14749, A RESIDENTIAL SUBDIVISION OF 168.77 ACRES INTO 269 LOTS FOR SINGLE-FAMILY DEVELOPMENT, LOCATED NORTH OF THE SCE BETWEEN ETIWANDA AVENUE AND EAST AVENUE ; AND RECOMMENDING THAT THE CITY COUNCIL CERTIFY THE FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT, ADOPT THE MITIGATION MONITORING PROGRAM, ADOPT A STATEMENT OF OVERRIDING CONSIDERATIONS, AND MAKE FINDINGS IN SUPPORT THEREOF FOR THE PROPOSED ANNEXATION, GENERAL PLAN AMENDMENT, ETIWANDA NORTH SPECIFIC PLAN AMENDMENT AND DEVELOPMENT AGREEMENT RELATED THERETO—APN: 0225-083-05, 06, 07, 10, 22, 23, 25, AND 26, AND 0225-084-02. A. Recitals. 1. Traigh Pacific filed an application for the approval of Tentative Tract Map SUBTT14749, as described in the title of this Resolution. Hereinafter in this Resolution, the subject Tentative Tract Map request is referred to as "the application." 2. Traigh Pacific also filed applications for Annexation DRC2003-01051, General Plan Amendment DRC2003-00410, Etiwanda North Specific Plan Amendment DRC2003-00409, and Development Agreement DRC2003-00411, which are related to Tentative Tract Map SUBTT14749. Collectively, these applications are referred to as the "Project." 3. The Planning Commission is the final decision makeron Tentative Map SUBTT13749, subject to appeal to the City Council, whereas the Planning Commission's role as to the remaining applications is advisory to the City Council,which must make the final decision on those applications. 4. The City analyzed the Project's potential impacts on the environment in accordance with the California Environmental Quality Act ("CEQA") (Cal. Pub. Res. Code § 21000 et seq.) and the State CEQA Guidelines (the "Guidelines") (14 Cal. Code Regs. § 15000 et seq.) promulgated with respect thereto. 5. The City prepared an Initial Environmental Study (the "Initial Study') for the Project pursuant to Section 15063 of the Guidelines. 6. The Initial Study concluded that there was evidence that the Project might have a significant environmental impact on several specifically identified resources, including air quality and biological resources. 7. Based upon the information contained in the Initial Study, the City ordered the preparation of an environmental impact report (the "EIR") for the Project in accordance with the provisions of Guidelines Sections 15064 and 15081. The City prepared and issued a Notice of Preparation of the EIR on August 11, 2003. PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO. 04-75 CERTIFY EIR, ADOPT MITIGATION MONITORING PROGRAM, ADOPT STATEMENT OF OVERRIDING CONSIDERATIONS—TRAIGH PACIFIC June 9, 2004 Page 2 8. The City sent the Notice of Preparation to the State Clearinghouse in the Office of Planning and Research for the State of California (the"State Clearinghouse")and to other interested agencies and groups in accordance with Guidelines Section 15082(a). 9. In accordance with Guidelines Section 15083,the Planning Commission conducted a duly noticed public scoping session concerning the EIR on October 22, 2003, to provide an introduction to the Project and CEQA process and to afford an opportunity for the public and interested agencies to comment on the issues to be analyzed in the EIR. 10. The Draft Environmental Impact Report (the "DEIR"), together with those certain technical appendices(the"Appendices")was completed on December 4,2003(State Clearinghouse No. 2003081085). 11. The City circulated the DEIR and the Appendices to the public, the State Clearinghouse, and other interested persons for a 45-day public review and comment period from December 5, 2003, through January 28, 2004. 12. The City received seven written comments in response to the DEIR. 13. The City prepared written responses to all comments and made revisions and additions to the DEIR in response to the comments. 14. The City completed the responses to comments on the DEIR and preliminary revisions to the DEIR in April 2004, and distributed those responses to commenting agencies and to the public. Those comments and the responses thereto have been included in the Final Environmental Impact Report("FEIR"), as have the appendices to the Draft EIR. Those documents together comprise the Final EIR. The Final EIR was distributed in accordance with the provisions of Public Resources Code section 21092.5, and at least ten (10) days prior to any Planning Commission consideration of the FEIR. 15. On the 9th day of June 2004, the Planning Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga conducted a duly noticed public hearing on the FEIR, at which time all interested parties were given an opportunity to be heard and to present evidence regarding the FEIR. 16. All legal prerequisites prior to the adoption of this Resolution have occurred. B. Resolution. NOW, THEREFORE, it is hereby found, determined, and resolved by the Planning Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga as follows: 1. This Commission hereby specifically finds that all of the facts set forth in the Recitals, Part A of this Resolution, are true and correct. 2. Each finding herein is based upon the substantial evidence in the administrative record of proceedings before the Planning Commission, including testimony at the public hearing on June 9, 2004, the Final EIR, and written and oral staff reports. 3. Based upon the Initial Study and the record before the Planning Commission, the Planning Commission finds that the Project would not cause significant environmental impacts in the PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO. 04-75 CERTIFY EIR, ADOPT MITIGATION MONITORING PROGRAM, ADOPT STATEMENT OF OVERRIDING CONSIDERATIONS —TRAIGH PACIFIC June 9, 2004 Page 3 areas of Land Use, Population and Housing, Energy and Mineral Resources, Agriculture, and Recreation. Explanations for why the Planning Commission determined that the Project will have no impact or will cause a less than significant impact to the foregoing resources are contained in the "Findings Related to the Tracy Development Project and Environmental Impact Report in Compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA)" set forth in Exhibit"A," attached hereto, and incorporated herein by this reference. 4. Based upon the FEIR and the record before the Planning Commission, the Planning Commission finds that the Project, as mitigated,would not cause significant environmental impacts in the areas of Earth Resources, Water Resources, Transportation and Circulation, Hazards, Noise, Public Services, Utilities, and Cultural Resources. Explanations for why the foregoing impacts were found to be mitigated to a level of less than significant are fully discussed in the"Findings Related to the Tracy Development Project and Environmental Impact Report in Compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act(CEQA)"set forth in Exhibit "A,"attached hereto, and incorporated herein by this reference. 5. Based upon the FEIR and the record before the Planning Commission,the Planning Commission finds that the Project would create significant unavoidable impacts in the impact categories of Air Quality (short-term pollutants and long-term operational impacts), Biological Resources, and Aesthetics. These impacts that are not fully mitigated to a level of less than significant are further described in the "Findings Related to the Tracy Development Project and Environmental Impact Report in Compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act(CEQA)" set forth in Exhibit'A"attached hereto, and incorporated herein by this reference. The construction- related significant impacts to Air Quality that would arise from the Project are associated with construction equipment and grading activities and that would be temporary in nature, while the operational impacts to Air Quality would be long-term in nature. The long-term impacts to Biological Resources can be attributed to loss of alluvial fan vegetation. The short-term impacts to Aesthetics are construction related,whereas the long-term impacts to are associated with transformation of the existing natural terrain into a developed and planned community. 6. Based upon the FEIR and the record before the Planning Commission, the Planning Commission finds that the Project may produce potentially significant cumulative impacts related to land use, flood control, water quality, biological resources, hazardous materials, schools, utilities, and aesthetics. Further, the proposed project does create impacts related to air quality, biological resources, and aesthetics that are not fully mitigated and so will contribute incrementally to these cumulatively considerable impacts as well. With the exception of the cumulative impacts listed hen:, the project's cumulative impacts are not significant. Further explanation for this determination may be found in the "Findings Related to the Tracy Development Project and Environmental Impact Report in Compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act(CEQA)"set forth in Exhibit "A," attached hereto, and incorporated herein by this reference. 7. Section 6.0 of the FEIR describes, and the Planning Commission has fully considered, a reasonable range of alternatives to the Project that might fulfill the basic objectives of the Project. These alternatives include"Alternative 6.1 -- No Project-No Development Alternative," "Alternative 6.2 -- No Project-Open Space Alternative," "Alternative 6.3 -- Reduced Intensity Alternative," "Alternative 6.4-- Modified Site Plan Alternative,"and"Alternative 6.5-- Rural Density Alternative." The Planning Commission further finds that a good faith effort was made to incorporate alternatives into the preparation of the FEIR and that all reasonable alternatives were considered in the review process of the FEIR. PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO. 04-75 CERTIFY EIR, ADOPT MITIGATION MONITORING PROGRAM, ADOPT STATEMENT OF OVERRIDING CONSIDERATIONS—TRAIGH PACIFIC June 9, 2004 Page 4 As set forth in the"Findings,"attached hereto as Exhibit"A,"the alternatives identified in the EIR are not feasible because they would not achieve the basic objectives of the project or would do so only to a much smaller degree and, therefore, would leave unaddressed the significant economic, infrastructure, and General Plan goals that the project is intended to accomplish, and are thus infeasible due to social and economic considerations, and/or they are infeasible because they would not eliminate the adverse environmental impacts of the proposed project. Accordingly, each of the alternatives is infeasible. 8. Based on the FEIR and the "Findings," attached hereto as Exhibit "A" and incorporated herein by reference, the Planning Commission finds that implementation of mitigation measures identified in the Final EIR and imposed as a condition of the approval of the Project will substantially mitigate many of the environmental impacts described in paragraph 4 of this section,to the extent feasible, as described in the"Findings." The Final EIR also identifies significant adverse impacts that cannot be fully mitigated or avoided, including impacts from short-term and long-term air quality from construction-related emissions and vehicle trips, cumulative impacts to biological resources, cumulative impacts to land use(consistency with NEOSHPP), flood control,waterquality from urban runoff, hazardous material dumping, congestion of evacuation routes, overcrowded schools, inadequate utilities, and loss of views. 9. Mitigation measures described in the Mitigation Monitoring Program,attached hereto as Exhibit "B," and incorporated herein by this reference, will avoid or substantially lessen the potentially significant environmental effects of the project. Further, the environmental, physical, social, economic and other benefits of the Project, as set forth in this section and in Exhibit "A," which is incorporated herein by this reference, outweigh any unavoidable, significant, adverse impacts that may occur as a result of the project, including short-term impacts on air quality from construction-related emissions, and long-term impacts on air quality from project emissions, cumulative impacts related to land use, flood control, water quality from urban runoff, loss of alluvial fan sage scrub, hazardous material dumping, congestion of evacuation routes,overcrowded schools, inadequate utilities, and loss of views. 10. The Planning Commission finds that the Final EIR was completed pursuant to the CEQA, and the State Guidelines for Implementation of CEQA, 14 California Code of Regulations, Section 15000, et. seq. (the Guidelines). The Planning Commission also finds that the Final EIR represents the independent judgment of the Planning Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga and adequately addresses the impacts of the project and imposes appropriate mitigation measures for the project. The Planning Commission has also reviewed and considered the contents of the Final EIR, and has reached its own conclusions with respect to the project and as to whether and how to approve Tentative Tract Map SUBTT14749. 11. The Planning Commission finds that the additional information provided in the staff report, in attachments to the staff report, in the comments to the EIR, and presented at the public hearing, does not represent significant new information so as to require re-circulation of the EIR pursuant to Public Resources Code Section 21092.1. 12. The Planning Commission hereby certifies the Final EIR as being the environmental document for the Project and for the Planning Commission action in approving Tentative Tract Map SUBTT14749,which Final EIR was prepared in accordance with CEQA,and which facts and findings set forth herein, and in Exhibit"A"hereto, are supported by substantial evidence in the administrative record. PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO. 04-75 CERTIFY EIR, ADOPT MITIGATION MONITORING PROGRAM, ADOPT STATEMENT OF OVERRIDING CONSIDERATIONS—TRAIGH PACIFIC June 9, 2004 Page 5 13. The mitigation measures in the Final EIR that correspond to the environmental impacts which may result from the project are hereby adopted and made a condition of approval of, or incorporated into, the project. The Planning Commission also hereby adopts the "Mitigation Monitoring Plan" attached hereto as Exhibit "B." The Mitigation Monitoring Plan will be used to monitor compliance with the mitigation measures and conditions that have been adopted or made a condition of project approval as set forth in this Section of this Resolution and in Exhibit "B." 14. Due to overriding benefits of the Project and because the alternatives identified in the EIR are not feasible, as discussed in paragraph 7 above, the Planning Commission hereby finds that any unavoidable impacts of the Project, including the mitigated but unavoidable impacts from short- term and long-term impacts on air quality from construction-related emissions and project emissions, cumulative impacts related to land use,flood control, water quality from urban runoff, loss of alluvial fan sage scrub, hazardous material dumping, congestion of evacuation routes,overcrowded schools, inadequate utilities, and loss of views, are acceptable based on the findings contained herein and in Exhibit 'A" which is incorporated herein by this reference. This determination shall constitute a statement of overriding considerations within the meaning of CEQA and is based on the environmental and other benefits of the Project identified in the Final EIR, in the"Findings,"attached hereto as Exhibit 'A" and in the record of the Planning Commission's proceedings. The specific benefits that outweigh the potential adverse environmental impacts associated with the project include, but are not limited to, the following: a. Providing for the use of land consistent with the established policies and goals of the City of Rancho Cucamonga General Plan, Etiwanda North Specific Plan, City Development Code, and all other City Development guidelines; b. Annexing the project site into the City of Rancho Cucamonga; C. Integrating the project with the character of the surrounding neighborhoods and establish a development that results in logical, coordinated growth; d. Establishing a project-wide circulation system that meets regional and local transportation needs and accommodates both vehicles and pedestrians; e. Providing a system of public/community facilities, including trails,open space areas, and landscaping to support the residents of the project and surrounding area in an efficient and timely manner; f. Limiting Impacts to surrounding uses and residents, and to the community character; g. Providing backbone public infrastructure(i.e. roads, utilities)to serve project residents and the surrounding community; h. Minimizing impacts to, and generate revenues in excess of costs for, various public service agencies, and i. Providing quality housing opportunities compatible with existing and 'planned development that responds to market demands. PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO. 04-75 CERTIFY EIR, ADOPT MITIGATION MONITORING PROGRAM, ADOPT STATEMENT OF OVERRIDING CONSIDERATIONS—TRAIGH PACIFIC June 9, 2004 Page 6 15. The documents and other materials that constitute the record of the proceedings which include, but are not limited to, the staff report for the project, as well as all of the materials that comprise and support the Final El and support the staff reports concerning the project, are located in the office of the City Planner of the City of Rancho Cucamonga, at 10500 Civic Center Drive, Rancho Cucamonga, California 91730. The custodian of these documents is the City Planner of the City of Rancho Cucamonga. 16. Pursuant to provisions of the California Public Resources Code Section 21089 (b), this application shall not be operative, vested or final until the Notice of Determination (NOD) is filed and posted with the Clerk of the Board of Supervisors of the County of San Bernardino and all required filing fees assessed pursuant to California Fish and Game Code Section 711.4, together with any required handling charges, are paid to the County Clerk of the County of San Bernardino. In the event this application is determined exempt from such filing fees pursuant to the provisions of the California Fish and Game Code, or the guidelines promulgated thereunder, condition shall be deemed null and void. 17. The Secretary to this Commission shall certify to the adoption of this Resolution. APPROVED AND ADOPTED THIS 9TH DAY OF JUNE 2004. PLANNING COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF RANCHO CUCAMONGA BY: Larry McNiel, Vice Chairman ATTEST: Brad Bu ecret I, Brad Buller, Secretary of the Planning Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga, do hereby certify that the foregoing Resolution was duly and regularly introduced, passed, and adopted by the Planning Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga, at a regular meeting of the Planning Commission held on the 9th day of June 2004, by the following vote-to-wit: AYES: COMMISSIONERS: FLETCHER, McNIEL, McPHAIL, STEWART NOES: COMMISSIONERS: NONE ABSENT: COMMISSIONERS: MACIAS 1 CITY OF RANCHO CUCAMONGA, CALIFORNIA Findings Related to the Tracy Development Project and Environmental Impact Report in Compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) June 2004 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page I. Introduction......................................................................................................................2 II. Project Summary..............................................................................................................2 III. Summary of Findings.......................................................................................................4 IV. Environmental Impacts Not Requiring Mitigation.......................................................4 A. Land Use ................................................................................................................4 B. Population and Housing.........................................................................................6 C. Energy and Mineral Resources ..............................................................................7 D. Agriculture .............................................................................................................8 E. Recreation...............................................................................................................9 V. Environmental Impacts Mitigated to a Level of Less Than Significant......................9 A. Earth Resources.................................................................................................... 10 B. Water Resources................................................................................................... 15 C. Transportation and Circulation.............................................................................20 D. Hazards.................................................................................................................25 E. Noise.....................................................................................................................29 F. Public Services.....................................................................................................34 G. Utilities.................................................................................................................38 H. Cultural Resources ...............................................................................................43 VI. Environmental Impacts Not Fully Mitigated to a Level of Less Than Significant.......................................................................................................................46 A. Air Quality............................................................................................................46 B. Biological Resources............................................................................................54 C. Aesthetics.............................................................................................................62 VII. Project Alternatives........................................................................................................65 A. No Project-No Development Alternative.............................................................66 B. No Project-Open Space Alternative.....................................................................66 C. Reduced Intensity Alternative..............................................................................67 D. Modified Site Plan Alternative.............................................................................70 E. Rural Density Alternative.....................................................................................72 F. Comparison of Alternative...................................................................................75 CADocurnents and Settings\john.nelson%L al Settings\Temporary Internet Files\OLK30Tinal Tracy Findings.DOC TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued) Page VIII. Growth-Inducing Impacts.............................................................................................77 IX. Unavoidable and Irreversible Impacts.........................................................................78 X. Project Benefits and Statement of Overriding Considerations..................................79 A. Legal Requirements..............................................................................................79 B. Project Benefits ....................................................................................................79 XI. Certification of Final Environmental Impact Report.................................................81 A. Findings:...............................................................................................................81 B. Conclusions:.........................................................................................................81 XII. Custodian of Record.......................................................................................................81 C\Documents and Settings\john.nelson\Local Settings\Ternporary Internet fi1es\0LK30\Fina1 Tracy Findings.DOC FACTS, FINDINGS, AND STATEMENT OF OVERRIDING CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING THE ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF THE TRACY DEVELOPMENT PROJECT CITY OF RANCHO CUCAMONGA (SCH#2003081085) I.1 INTRODUCTION The City Council ("Council') and Planning Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga ("City") in certifying the Final Environmental Impact Report ("EIR") related to the Tracy Development Project, makes the findings described below and adopts the statement of overriding considerations presented in Section X. These findings are based on the entire administrative record on this matter, including the EIR. The EIR was prepared by the City pursuant to the California Environmental Quality Act ("CEQA"). Il. PROJECT SUMMARY The Tracy Development Project is proposed to consist of a maximum of 269 single- family residences with a minimum lot size of 8,400 square feet and an average lot size of 11,600 square feet, with a density of approximately 2.5 dwelling units per acre (du/ac) on 108.9 acres plus 59.9 acres of conservation lands totaling 168.8 acres. This 168.8 acres of land is bordered on the west by Etiwanda Avenue, on the east by Etiwanda Creek, and on the north and south by two Southern California Edison high voltage power line corridors currently within the jurisdiction of the County of San Bernardino ("Project site"). The applicant Traigh-Pacific (d.b.a. Tracy Building Corporation) (the "Applicant") has filed a request for land use actions necessary for the development of the Tracy Development Project ("Project'), including the Project Site Annexation DRC2003-01051 into the City of Rancho Cucamonga, Rancho Cucamonga General Plan Amendment DRC2003-00410, Etiwanda North Pacific Plan Amendment DRC2003-00409, Tentative Tract Map SUBTT14749, and Development Agreement DRC2003-00411, and other related actions for the Project site, currently within the jurisdiction of the County of San Bernardino. Pursuant to the California Environmental Quality Act ("CEQA") (Pub. Res. Code, § 21000 et seq.) and the State CEQA Guidelines (Cal. Code. Regs., tit. 14, § 15000 et seq.), the City is the lead agency for the Project, as the public agency with general governmental powers for the Project site after annexation. The City, as lead agency, determined that an EIR should be prepared pursuant to CEQA in order to analyze all potential adverse environmental impacts of the Project. The City issued a Notice of Preparation ("NOP") of a Draft EIR on August 11, 2003 and circulated the NOP for a period of 30 days, pursuant to State CEQA Guidelines sections 2 15082(a), 15103 and 15375. Pursuant to State CEQA Guidelines section 15082, the City solicited comments from potential responsible agencies, including details about the scope and content of the environmental information related to the responsible agency's area of statutory responsibility, as well as the significant environmental issues, reasonable alternatives and mitigation measures that the responsible agency would have analyzed in the Draft EIR. Accordingly, approximately nine written statements were received by the City in response to the NOP, which assisted the City in narrowing the issues and alternatives for analysis in the Draft EIR. A public scoping meeting was held on October 22, 2003 to familiarize the public with the Project and the environmental review process and receive input as to the scope of the Draft EIR and issues of community concern. The Draft EIR was completed and released for public review on or about December 4, 2003, and the City initiated a 45-day public comment period by filing a Notice of Completion and Availability with the State Office of Planning and Research. Pursuant to Public Resources Code section 21092, the City also provided a Notice of Completion and Availability to all organizations and individuals who had previously requested such notice and published the Notice of Completion on December 4, 2003 in a newspaper of general circulation in the Project area. Copies of the Draft EIR were provided to interested public agencies, organizations and individuals. In addition, the City placed copies of the Draft EIR at the City of Rancho Cucamonga Planning Department counter and the public library, and made free copies available to the public. During the 45-day comment period, the City consulted with and requested comments from all responsible and trustee agencies, other regulatory agencies and others pursuant to State CEQA Guidelines section 15086. All potential significant adverse environmental impacts were sufficiently analyzed in the Draft EIR. During the official public review period for the Draft EIR, the City received approximately seven written comments. After production of the Final EIR, the City received one additional written comment. Pursuant to Public Resources Code section 21092.5, the City provided written responses to comments to all commenting agencies within the statutory time frame. The City prepared the Final EIR and, pursuant to Public Resources Code section 21092.5, the City provided copies of the Final EIR to all commenting agencies. The Planning Commission of the City, at its regularly scheduled public meetings on May 12, 2004, reviewed the Draft EIR and the Final EIR. As contained herein, the City has endeavored in good faith to set forth the basis for its decision on the Project. All the requirements of CEQA, the State CEQA Guidelines and the City's Local CEQA Guidelines have been satisfied by the City in the EIR, which is sufficiently detailed so that all of the potentially significant environmental effects of the Project have been adequately evaluated. The EIR prepared in connection with the Project sufficiently analyzes both the feasible mitigation measures necessary to avoid or substantially lessen the Project's potential environmental impacts and a range of feasible alternatives capable of eliminating or reducing these effects in accordance with CEQA, the State CEQA Guidelines and the City's Local CEQA Guidelines. 3 All of the findings and conclusions made by the City Council and Planning Commission pursuant to this findings attachment are based upon the oral and written evidence presented to it as a whole and not based solely on the information provided in this findings attachment. Environmental impacts identified in the Final EIR which the City finds are less than significant and do not require mitigation are described in Section IV. Environmental impacts identified in the Final EIR as potentially significant but which the City finds can be mitigated to a level of less than significant, through the imposition of feasible mitigation measures identified in the Final EIR and set forth herein, are described in Section V. Environmental impacts identified in the Final EIR as potentially significant but which the City finds cannot be fully mitigated to a level of less than significant, despite the imposition of all feasible mitigation measures identified in the Final EIR and set forth herein, are described in Section VI. Alternatives to the Project that might eliminate or reduce significant environmental impacts are described in Section VII. Prior to taking action, the City Council and Planning Commission have heard, been presented with, reviewed and considered all of the information and data in the administrative record, including the Draft EIR and Final EIR, and all oral and written evidence presented to it during all meetings and hearings. The Draft EIR and Final EIR reflect the independent judgment of the City Councilor Planning Commission and is deemed adequate for purposes of making decisions on the merits of the Project. No comments made in the public hearings conducted by the City or any additional information submitted to the City have produced substantial new information requiring recirculation or additional environmental review under State CEQA Guidelines section 15088.5. IIl. SUMMARY OF FINDINGS At a public hearing assembled on June 9, 2004, the City determined that based on all of the evidence presented, including the Draft EIR, the Final EIR, written and oral testimony given at meetings and hearings, and submission of testimony from the public, organizations and regulatory agencies, the following environmental impacts associated with the Project are: 1) less than significant and do not require mitigation; or 2) potentially significant and each of these impacts will be avoided or reduced to a less than significant level through identified and feasible mitigation measures; or 3) significant and will be lessened by the identified and feasible mitigation measures. IV. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS NOT REQUIRING MITIGATION The City hereby finds that the following potential environmental impacts of the Project are less than significant and therefore do not require the imposition of mitigation measures: A. Land Use Physical Division of a Community: Most of the land immediately surrounding the Project is presently vacant. (Final EIR, p. 13.) As such, there is no community that the Project 4 could physically divide. However, the area in the vicinity of the Project site is experiencing a slow transition from rural and open space uses to more suburban uses, with the most recent project proposed immediately south of the site. (Ibid.) The Project is generally compatible with the suburban-style development that is likely to occur in this area (i.e., 2-3 units/acre). (Final EIR, p. 16.) The Project is also compatible with existing residential development to the southwest and south (3+ units/acre). (Final EIR, p. 13.) Since the Project will blend in well with future development that will occur in the Project area, the Project's development will not physically divide a community. Therefore, no significant impacts are anticipated to this aspect of land use, and no mitigation is necessary. Consistency with Land Use Plans, Policies, or Regulations: Certain portions of the Project site are currently designated as Very Low Density Residential ("VL") in the land use plan for the Etiwanda North Specific Plan ("ENSP"). (Final EIR, p. 37.) The VL designation allows a maximum density of 2.0 dwelling units per acre ("du/ac") with a minimum lot size of 20,000 square feet. (Ibid.) The densities outlined in the Project would be inconsistent with this density designation as lot sizes are set at a minimum of 8,400 square feet and an overall residential density of 2.5 du/ac, although its gross density is within the VL designation (1.6 du/ac). (Final EIR, p. 42.) However, concurrent with tentative map approval, and as part of this Project as defined, a General Plan Amendment and a Specific Plan Amendment are to be submitted so that densities, and other Project features, are consistent with all applicable City planning documents. Specifically, the General Plan and the ENSP are to be modified to permit Low Density (2-4 dwelling units per acre) development for the Project site. As such, the Project, so defined as to include the proposed amendments, along with and including its park, equestrian trail, landscaping plan, and other design considerations is consistent with the intent and goals of the City's General Plan, the ENSP, and the City's Equestrian Overlay Zone. (See Final EIR, pp. 33-45.) Also, the proposed Project is consistent with the policies contained in the Southern California Association of Governments' Regional Comprehensive Plan and Western Riverside Sub-Regional Plan policies regarding population growth, housing, and employment forecasts, the South Coast Air Quality Management Plan, the Santa Ana Region Water Quality Control Basin Plan, the County of San Bernardino's Master Plan for roads, flood control activities, regional parks and trails, and the Water and Sewer Master Plans for the Cucamonga County Water District ("CCWD"). (Final EIR, p. 39.) Further, this Project is defined so that prior to recordation of each phase, or issuance of grading permits for each phase, the Project's developer is to submit and obtain approval of a landscape plan that demonstrates compliance with the City's Neighborhood Theme Plan in the Etiwanda North Specific Plan, to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department. This requirement will further ensure that the Project's design remains consistent with the City's ENSP and land use policies. (Final EIR, p. 45.) In addition, the ENSP contains a provision that all lots less than 20,000 square feet shall provide an in-lieu contribution of $1000 per lot for development of an Equestrian Center. The .44 acre equestrian park in the southeast portion of the Project implements this goal. (Final EIR, p. 42.) Also, the Project is required to comply with the City's Development Code. (Final EIR, p. 44.) Neither San Bernardino County nor the City have adopted a Habitat Conservation Plan ("HCP") or a Natural Community Conservation Plan ("NCCP"). (Final EIR, p. 38.) The County, however, has previously worked on a San Bernardino Valley Multi-Species HCP that could potentially include the Project area. (Ibid.) However, it is currently on hold. (Ibid.) Possible impacts to the potential San Bernardino HCP are only speculative since such a plan does not yet 5 exist. As such, no mitigation is required under CEQA in regard to the Project's potential inconsistency with this non-existent HCP. Also, in 1992, the County formed the North Etiwanda Open Space and Habitat Preservation Program to identify existing open space lands having specific resource value and to provide guidelines to encourage the preservations of these lands. (Ibid.) Specific resources of value include critical biological habitats, unique plant communities, riparian areas, wildlife corridor connections, and lands with special scenic, archeological, or historical value. I( bid.) Lands can also be included that provide connections between resource areas and help reduce fragmentation of the resources. (Ibid.) This voluntary program also encourages landowners to use these mechanisms to promote preservation of resource areas. (Ibid.) Development of the Project would prevent the Project site from being included in this voluntary program. However, since the North Etiwanda Open Space and Habitat Preservation Program is a voluntary program, the decision of the Applicant not to participate does not cause any inconsistency. The Project's impacts to biological resources, and proposed mitigation measures for such impacts are fully discussed in the EIR. (See Biological Resources below.) The Project site is presently owned by three landowners; Traigh Pacific, GE and EM Madrid, and San Bernardino County Flood Control District. (Final EIR, p. 33.) Absent proper City policies, this situation could have significant impacts if improvements are planned or required on the property of an owner that withdraws from the Project or is unwilling to abide by agreements made by the other owners. (Ibid.) However, this Project requires that all mitigation measures proposed, as specified in these Findings and the Final EIR, are binding upon the Project developer or any future developer of the Project site. This requirement is consistent with City policy and State law. As such this is not a potentially significant impact. B. Population and Housing The Project site is currently vacant, so the proposed Project will not displace existing housing or population that would necessitate the construction of replacement housing elsewhere. (Final EIR, p. 46.) The population and housing of the San Bernardino Association of Governments ("SanBAG") area, including the Project area, are expected to increase by approximately 60 percent over the next 20 years. I( bid.) Similarly, the population and housing of the City, including its Sphere of Influence and the Project area, are expected to increase by 45 percent from 2000 to 2020. (Ibid.) This Project, therefore, provides new housing in an area with a substantial demand for new housing. At the same time, the Project is expected to generate approximately 831 new City residents, based on the proposed 269 dwelling units times the current City average household size figure of 3.147 persons per household (California Department of Finance 2003). (Final EIR, p. 47.) The projected Project population therefore represents 1.5 percent of the total 58,000 new people expected in the City of Rancho Cucamonga through 2020, or 0.5 percent of the total City population by 2020. (Ibid.) Similarly, the Project's housing represents 1.4 percent of the 19,500 new housing expected in the City by 2020, or 0.3 percent of the total City housing. (Ibid.) By comparison, the Project population represents only 0.08 percent of the projected population and 0.03 percent of the projected housing of the SanBAG region for the same period. (Ibid.) The Project is expected to result in occupancy of approximately 80 residential units per year for a little over 3 years, which equals 8.2 percent of the projected housing growth for the City during 6 that time (19,500 units divided by 20 years = 975 units per year City-wide). (Ibid.)The Project is therefore well within the growth limits of the City and this portion of San Bernardino County. Thus, the Project appropriately contributes to the City and SANBAG's objectives of meeting housing demands and its impact to population and housing is, therefore, less than significant. (Ibid.) C. Enemy and Mineral Resources In accordance with SMARA, the City's General Plan has developed appropriate strategies toyaddress the proper placement of mineral resource operations within the City's planning area. (General Plan, p. N-38) These strategies reflect land use patterns recognizing both the regional value of existing aggregate resources in the planning area, and balances the projected needs for such resources against future development. (General Plan, p. IV-39) Aggregate material is necessary for urban construction and having a local source of this material is advantageous for builders (General Plan, p. IV-7) However, development of the Project will not substantially impact the supply of available aggregate mineral resources for the region as a whole. Currently, a rock crushing plant is located within Day Creek, the only active aggregate operation within the City's sphere of influence. (General Plan, p. IV-11) The Project will not effect the operation of this facility. Despite the presence of this facility within the City, the City has recognized that sand and gravel deposits available for mining operations within the Rancho Cucamonga area are limited, and will continue to be limited, due to conflicts between urban growth and mining operations. (General Plan, p. IV-12) Indeed, the General Plan specifically considers the regional significance of these resources, but concludes that the general existence of aggregate resources within the City should not preclude development. (General Plan, p. IV-39) The City's General Plan provisions regarding mineral resources (Section 2.2.1, pages IV- 7 through IV-13 and IV-41) establishes that neither the Project site or the East Etiwanda Creek contain "regionally significant aggregate resources," and that the Project site does not warrant any special designation or protection regarding the presence of mineral resources. The Project site is about a mile southeast of Sector D-16 which comprises a portion of the alluvial fan of Day Creek. (Final Supp., p. 9.) Data indicates that the majority of the aggregate resources from this area are concentrated along the larger Deer and Day Creeks, approximately three miles east of Etiwanda Creek. (Ibid.) In contrast, there are no active or planned mining activities on or near the Project site. (Final Supp., p. 10.) Instead, the City's General Plan indicates the Project area is already planned for residential development, and the Project site has existing or planned residential development adjacent to the west, south, and east across the creek, and major power lines border the site on the north and south. (Ibid.) It is therefore reasonable to conclude that development of the Project site would not represent a significant impact to this area's and region's mineral resources. (Final Supp., p. 10-11.) The City will continue its efforts to establish the most appropriate boundaries for mineral resource zones within the City, as outlined in the General Plan. The City is also working to implement these policies in a timely fashion as indicted in Appendix 6 of the General Plan. Further, if mineral resource extraction were to be proposed one day for the Etiwanda creek channel or other adjacent or nearby properties designated by the State and the City as 7 having regionally significant resources, the General Plan provides for a harmonization of potentially conflicting land uses through the development of special buffering measures. (General Plan, p. IV-40). All together then, development of the Project will not cause a significant impact to mineral resources because any possible resources onsite are not designated as significant by the City, and the Project would not significantly impact future extractions in the Project area. That being said, although the Project's impact to mineral resources is less than significant, there is no way to avoid covering over most of the Project site with man-made surfaces (e.g., streets, turf, etc.). Also, none of the alternatives would preserve a large enough area of land that could be mined without creating significant impacts on the residential portion of the Project or nearby existing or future residential areas. 1 Development of the Project will consume non-renewable fossil fuels, mainly in the form of gasoline and diesel fuel for construction vehicles. (Final EIR, p. 151.) Operation of the Project will also consume non-renewable fossil fuels, mainly the consumption of natural gas, the generation of electricity, and vehicle fuels for residents, employees, and Project visitors. (Ibid.) At build-out, the Project will consume approximately 4,085 kilowatt-hours per day of electricity and about 58,874 cubic feet per day of natural gas (Ibid., see also Final EIR Section 3.12, Utilities.). Further, assuming an average consumption of 18 miles per gallon, a total of 3,284 gallons of gasoline will be consumed by the Project on a daily basis. (Final EIR, p. 152.) Although this represents a substantial increase in energy use on the Project site over existing levels, Southern California Edison and the Southern California Gas Co. have indicated in writing that they can accommodate this increase, but with the caveat that they do remain subject to regulatory actions by the California Public Utilities Commission that could affect their service abilities. (Final EIR, p. 151.) However, on a statewide level, the Project will only cause a minor and insignificant increase in the usage of energy. Further, the Project will comply with all applicable energy conservation regulations, including Section IV, Managing Environmental Resources, of the City's General Plan and Title 24 of the California Code dealing with energy conservation design in residential structures. (Final EIR, p. 152.) The Project will also conform to the Uniform Fire Code, the Uniform Building Code, and the Uniform Plumbing Code to assure safe installation of electrical and natural gas systems. (Final EIR, p. 153.) Compliance with all these standard codes, and regulatory requirements will ensure that the Project will be developed in a manner that is consistent with the City's high energy efficiency standards for new housing developments. As such, the impact to energy resources will not be significant. I( bid.) D. Agriculture While locations near the Project have supported extensive agriculture in the past, the Project site and surrounding area has never been used for productive agriculture due to the Project site's rocky soils and the area's strong seasonal winds. (Final EIR, p. 209-211.) Aerial photographs of the immediate area surrounding the Project, dating back as far as 1980, do not indicate any active agricultural activities. (Ibid.) For these reasons, development of the site will not have any adverse impacts related to agricultural resources. (Ibid.) In addition, the Project does not conflict with existing zoning related to agriculture uses, nor does it conflict with a Williamson Act (agricultural preserve) contract. (Ibid.) Also, the proposed Project will not result in off-site conversion of farmland to non-agricultural uses. 8 (Ibid.) Further, the Project site does not contain or support any prime or otherwise important agricultural soils. (Ibid.) Therefore, there will be no significant impacts related to agricultural resources. I( bid.) E. Recreation The City General Plan requires new projects to provide 5.0 acres of parkland per 1000 population. (Final EIR, p 212.) Under this standard, the Project is required to provide 4.37 acres of parkland based on 269 planned units times the City's current occupancy rate or 3.25 persons per household (269 units times 3.25 persons per unit equals 874 project residents divided by 5 acres/1000 residents equals 4.37 acres). (Ibid.) The Project will provide 5.81 acres of parks and .44 acres of equestrian trails, which exceeds the City's requirement. (Ibid.) Ongoing maintenance and upkeep of the open space/park lands require ongoing effort, and the City typically identifies the method of maintenance prior to approving new parkland. (Ibid.) The creation of recreation facilities could cause an adverse physical effect on the environment if not maintained properly. I( bid.) To prevent this from being a potentially adverse impact, the Applicant will be required, as a condition of approval, to coordinate and fund the formation of a Landscape Maintenance District to maintain the Project's community park to the satisfaction of the City. (Ibid.) Overall, although open space will be removed by development of the Project, this will not be a significant impact, as the proposed park and equestrian trail amount to the benefit to recreation resources that exceeds the City's requirements and are consistent with all the City's applicable General Plan policies. (Final EIR, p. 213.) The Project proposes that the .44 acres of equestrian trail be located along the eastern portion of the Project adjacent to Etiwanda Creek. (Final EIR, p. 213.) This trail will connect to the proposed equestrian park located at the southeast portion of the developed area of the Project adjacent to Etiwanda Creek. (Ibid.) An equestrian trail is proposed along the western edge of the Project within the Etiwanda Avenue right-of-way. The Project is also adjacent to two Edison power corridors on which the City may locate a regional network. (Ibid.) Consequently, the Project's equestrian trails will complement the other trails and networks of trials proposed by the City. That is, the continuing development of the equestrian trail system will also benefit the recreation opportunities for City residents. (Ibid.) V. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS MITIGATED TO A LEVEL OF LESS THAN SIGNIFICANT The City hereby finds that mitigation measures have been identified in the Draft and Final EIR that will avoid or substantially lessen the following potentially significant environmental impacts to a less than significant level. A "significant effect on the environment" means "a substantial, or potentially substantial, adverse change in any of the physical conditions within the area affected by the project including land, air, water, minerals, flora, fauna, ambient noise, and objects of historic or aesthetic significance. . . ." (State CEQA Guidelines, § 15382.) The potentially significant impacts of the Project, as well as the mitigation measures which will reduce them to a less than significant level, are as follows: 9 A. Earth Resources 1. Potential Significant Impacts. The Project site, like most of the Southern California region, is subject to moderate to strong seismic ground shaking from numerous regional faults. (Final EIR. pp. 51, 57.) The San, Andreas Fault Zone, the largest fault structure in California, is located approximately 8 miles northeast of the Project site. (Final EIR, p. 52.) The San Andreas Fault is capable of producing a 8.3 magnitude or greater earthquake and poses the highest potential risks to the Project site in terms of seismic movement and duration of an event. (Final EIR, p. 55.) The Project area is also subject to strong seismic activity from various other faults in the region which could create moderate to significant horizontal accelerations and strong ground shaking. (Final EIR, p. 55- 59.) For instance, the Cucamonga Fault Study Zone is located less than a quarter mile north of the Project site. (Final EIR, pp. 52, 55.) Also, though the Project site is not located within the boundaries of an Earthquake Fault Zone as defined by the Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zone Act, the San Bernardino County Geologic Hazards Map does show the Etiwanda Avenue Fault Zone intersecting the southeast corner of the Project site. ()bid.) In any case, active faults are typical to Southern California, so it is reasonable to expect a moderately strong ground motion seismic event to occur during the lifetime of any proposed development. (Final EIR, p. 51.) While seismic risks to new structures and residents in this area are properly considered significant absent mitigation, other seismic-related impacts such as ground rupture, liquefaction, seismically-induced settlement, seismically-induced landslides, seiches, tsunamis, and inundation due to failure of large water storage facilities are not anticipated on-site. (Final EIR, pp. 62-64.) Development of the Project site (i.e., grading, clearing and grubbing) will require grading over a period of 2-3 months, requiring approximately 500,000 cubic yards of earthwork to be moved. (Final EIR, pp. 63-65.) Development will also remove the top layers of soil along with vegetation. (Ibid.) The removal of vegetation during grading will expose the underlying topsoil to a short-term increased potential for erosion. (Ibid.) Cut and fill areas that expose sandy or gravelly soils will also be subject to the highest potential for erosion by surface runoff. (Ibid.) Long-term increases to erosion potential will occur as a result of increased surface runoff rates due to road paving and construction of impermeable structures (Ibid., See also, Section 3.4, Water Resources). Furthermore, the construction of unpaved emergency access routes will leave more soils exposed and vulnerable to erosion. I( bid.) Also, the steep sides of the nearby East Etiwanda Creek channel might be subject to localized damage or failure if grading activities were to occur too close to the bank. (Ibid.) Absent mitigation, this activity related to construction of the Project could cause significant impacts. Development of the Project site will also cause minor changes in local topography, but these changes should not contribute to, or create, any unusual or unstable slope conditions. The overall topography of the site will not change. (Ibid.) However, Section 6.3.8 of Chapter III, Developing the Community, of the City's General Plan addresses Hillside Development and has certain requirements for slopes of 5 to 7.9 percent, and the Project has the potential to fail to meet all the applicable requirements. I( bid.) 10 2. Findings. Implementation of the following mitigation measures will reduce potential impacts to Earth Resources to a less than significant level: Standard Conditions of Approval and Codes Project design, including seismic design, will be in accordance with the Uniform Building Code and the recommendations of the Structural Engineers Association. The Project must also adhere to the City's standard erosion and sedimentation control requirements. The potential impacts and the corresponding standard conditions or code applications that will help to mitigate the potential impacts, are as shown in Table 3.3-3 of the Final EIR, entitled Seismic Related Conditions and Codes. (Final EIR, p. 66.) Geotechnical Mitigation Measures 3-1 Prior to the issuance of building permits, the developer shall demonstrate that each lot is buildable and complies with the recommendations and general earthwork and grading specifications found in the RMA Group Geotechnical Investigation (Appendix C of Final EIR.). This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Building Official. (Final EIR, p. 67.) 3-2 Prior to the issuance of grading permits and/or recordation of each phase, a detailed geologic and geotechnical investigation shall be prepared and approved for the residential building areas and all roads. The report shall demonstrate that each lot is buildable and identify potential geologic and soil limitations and recommend appropriate engineering and design measures to adequately protect structures and inhabitants. This report shall also examine the drainage area adjacent to East Etiwanda Creek to identify potential landslide, erosion, or other slopes that could affect the residential area. Subsequent foundation and other design guidelines in these studies shall be consistent with the. standards established in the RMA Group Geotechnical Investigation (Appendix C). This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer. (Final EIR, p. 67- 68.) 3-3 Prior to the issuance of grading permits and/or recordation, construction measures recommended by the detailed geological investigation shall be identified on grading plans and implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer. (Final EIR, p. 68.) Wind Erosion Mitigation Measures 3-4 Prior to the issuance of a grading permits for each phase, the developer shall prepare and submit a Dust Control Plan to the City that meets all applicable requirements of the South Coast Air Quality Management District. The Plan must be approved by the City Building and Safety Department, prior to issuance of the grading, permit and demonstrate that methods are in place to assure the following: 11 a) Areas disturbed by construction activities and/or used to store backfill materials, will be sprayed with water at least twice a day, in the morning and afternoon, or more often if fugitive dust is observed migrating from the site. b) Storage piles, which are to be left in place for more than three working days shall either be sprayed with a non-toxic soil binder or covered with plastic or revegetated until placed in use. C) Tires of vehicles will be washed before the vehicle leaves the Project site and enters a paved road. d) Dirt on paved surfaces shall be removed daily to minimize generation of fugitive dust. (Final EIR, p. 68.) NOTE: Additional mitigation measures included in Section 3.6, Air Quality, also address impacts from dust that will help reduce wind erosion impacts. (Final EIR, p. 68.) Water Erosion Mitigation Measures 3-5 Prior to the issuance of building permits, where cut and fill slopes are created higher than three feet, a detailed Landscape and Irrigation Plan shall be submitted to the City Planning Department prior to grading plan approval. The plans shall be reviewed for type and density of ground cover, shrubs, and trees, and shall be consistent with the Neighborhood Theme Plan of the Etiwanda North Specific Plan. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planner. (Final EIR, p. 68.) 3-6 Prior to the issuance of building permits, graded, but undeveloped land shall be maintained weed-free and planted with interim landscaping within ninety days of completion of grading, unless building permits are obtained. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Building Official. (Final EIR, p. 69.) 3-7 Prior to the issuance of occupancy permits, planting of developed land shall comply with the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Best Management Practices Construction Handbook Section 6.2. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer. (Ibid.) 3-8 Prior to the issuance of building permits, all grading shall be conducted in conformance with the recommendations contained within the Geotechnical Report included as Appendix B of the Final EIR. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer. (Ibid.) 12 NOTE: Additional mitigation measures included in Section 3.4, Water Resources, also address impacts from dust. These measures will assist in minimizing water-related erosion impacts. (Ibid.) 3. Supporting Explanation. While the Project will expose people and property to seismic hazards, these conditions are similar throughout Southern California. (Final EIR, pp. 51-69.) Further, the available geologic and seismic data indicates that no major active faults traverse the Project site. (Final EIR, p. 62.) While the San Bernardino County Geologic Hazards Map shows that the Etiwanda Avenue Fault Zone crosses the far southeast comer of the Project site, the Project's Geotechnical study indicates that this is not the case, and that the Fault Zone is actually located further southeast of the Project site. (See Plate 1 of the Project's Geotechnical Report.) Moreover, since the Project site contains mostly course alluvial soils, liquefaction is considered unlikely due to the fact that the historic depth of the ground water has been on the order of 250 feet or more. (Final EIR, p. 64.) Since liquefaction most often occurs in areas of shallow groundwater underlying areas with loose, unconsolidated soils, the liquefaction potential for the Project site is properly considered insignificant. Ibid.) Further, according to the Project's geotechnical report, the probability of deep-seated landslides occurring is considered remote because the slope onsite is not great enough to contribute to any significant threat from rock falls. (Ibid.) Also, the Standard Conditions of Approval for the City, and the applicable standard code provisions, will ensure that the Project will be constructed according to the State of California's high seismic safety standards. (Ibid.) Specifically, mitigation measures 3-1 through 3-3 require a detailed geologic and geotechnical investigation for each lot prior to the grading of the Project site. (Final EIR, pp. 67-68.) The implementation of these specific engineering and design measures according to the professional standards for licensed geologists, and according to the geologic and soil limitations for each buildable lot, will ensure that each residential structure will be designed to withstand the anticipated seismic stresses and soil conditions associated with the Project site. Therefore, potential adverse impacts related to earthquakes and seismic activities will be reduced to a less than significant level.(Final EIR, pp. 67-69.) While the Project will result in the disruption of soil and topography, the disruption will not be significant. The Project design creates slopes that will fall within a slope category regulated by the City's General Plan (i.e., 5-7.9 percent). (Final EIR, p. 63.) However, approximately 96 percent of the Project site has slope gradients of less than 7 percent. (Final EIR, p. 58.) Further, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) considers the soils on the Project site as Soboba stony loamy sand, which typically occurs on two to four percent slopes. (Final EIR, p. 60.) The original land use plan of the Project, i.e. the one that was previously submitted to the County for approval, had a standard grading scheme with relatively straight streets, linear lot alignments, and did not incorporate contour grading into its design. (Final EIR, p. 63.) The Project, as currently designed, has more curvilinear streets and is more sensitive to existing contours, and as such complies with the City's Hillside Development Ordinance, and is generally consistent with the overall intent of the guidelines, and is consistent with the ENSP's standards. (Final EIR Supp., p. 3; Final EIR, pp 63- 64.) Moreover, once a specific grading plan is prepared, additional slope evaluations and a slope stability analysis will be prepared consistent with implementation of the recommendations of the 13 Project's geotechnical report (see Appendix C of the Final EIR.) As documented in this report, engineered cut and fill slopes can be safely constructed at a 2 to 1 (horizontal to vertical) slope angles. (Final EIR, p. 63.) As slopes within the Project site will not exceed 9 percent, an angle far below the 2 to 1 ratio, all slopes will be well within the required safety threshold. (Ibid.) When these proper planning, construction, and engineering practices are incorporated into the Project, potential impacts related to the sloping topography and unstable slope conditions will not be significant. Implementation of the above mitigation measures relating to wind and water erosion, as well as those listed in the finding for Air Quality and Water Resources will reduce impacts related to the erosion of soil to a less than significant level. (Final EIR, pp. 68-69.) Spraying the soil with water twice a day, while consuming water resources, will sufficiently prevent soil from becoming loose and from leaving the Project site. (Ibid.) Similarly, ensuring that vehicles do not leave the Project site with soil on their tires, will ensure that the soil remains onsite. (Ibid.) In addition, the Project will not impact soils within the Etiwanda channel as the Creek is not located on the Project site, and the Project developer will be required to comply with its NPDES permit, preventing all potentially significant discharge effects. (Final OR, p. 68.) 4. Cumulative Impacts. Impacts resulting from grading and construction of development projects in the area, including cut and fill operations, will potentially alter the natural topography of hundreds of acres in the region. (Final EIR, p. 221.) Much of the project area consists of coalescing downward plane. (Ibid.) This may, in some cases, require extensive cut and fill operations, which will impact landforms. I( bid.) However, it is expected that development will use the lower, more level areas while preserving the steeper slopes. (Ibid.) The presence of regional faults creates the potential for damage caused by major earthquakes. (Ibid.) Proper building designs should reduce damages to a minimum. (Ibid.) Although most of the soils in the immediate area are composed of alluvial material, soil limitations and potential impacts can be mitigated by careful grading and foundation design. (Ibid,) For this reason, anticipated development is not expected to have a cumulatively considerable impact on earth resources. (Ibid.) Similarly, regional geotechnical constraints will not have a cumulatively considerable impact on the proposed project or cumulative projects, as long as proper design and engineering are implemented based on available seismic and other geotechnical data. I( bid.) The proposed project represents an incremental portion of this potential impact. (Ibid.) Implementation of standard conditions, existing codes, proposed Project design features, and mitigation measures will reduce potentially significant erosion impacts, including cumulative impacts, to less that significant levels. If all other adjacent projects also comply with the same standard conditions, existing codes, and permits such as the NPDES permits, impacts from those adjacent projects will ensure no cumulative significant impacts in the Project's region. Further, since there is no evidence that the surface grading associated with the Project's development will alter the Project site's underlying geological makeup (Final EIR, p. 63.), development of the Project will not have a cumulatively significant effect. 14 B. Water Resources 1. Potential Significant Impacts. Surface Water Development of the Project will alter the composition of surface runoff presently entering local drainages. (Final EIR, p. 77.) Runoff is presently limited to natural sediments from the surrounding foothills. (Ibid.) Conversion of the site to urban uses will increase the amount of sediment, suspended debris, landscape maintenance or associated chemicals (e.g., fertilizers, herbicides, etc.), and materials related to automotive wear (e.g., tire rubber, oil, antifreeze, etc.). (Ibid.) These materials will reach the local drainage system, not so much by direct dumping, but by small amounts of material washing off the streets during storms or street-sweeping activities. (Ibid.) The amount of runoff will also significantly increase after onsite grading and construction of impervious streets, roof and parking facilities, and the irrigation of landscaped areas. Without mitigation, this impact is considered potentially significant. (Ibid.) Water-Related Hazards The Project site is not associated with any potential catastrophic events, such as mudflows, flooding, or tsunami. (Ibid.) The proposed Project will not impact any ocean waters. The Project is not located within the 100-year floodplain, or within the flood hazard area of a levee or dam. I( bid.) However, the National Flood Insurance Program, operated by the Federal Emergency Management Agency ("FEMA"), prepares Flood Insurance Rate Maps to identify potential flooding problems, referred to as 100-year and 500-year floods. (Final EIR, p. 71.) FEMA has identified the Project site in a flood zone designated as a "Flood Zone D." (Ibid.) Development of the Project site will also increase the amount of onsite runoff by covering over pervious native soils with various impervious surfaces such as asphalt, concrete, and buildings, however, not to such a degree as to create a hazard. (Final EIR, p. 77.) In addition, the City and the San Bernardino County Flood Control District have identified a network of drainage improvements and a funding mechanism that will be required to prevent flooding in the Project area. I( bid.) Groundwater Due to the limited size of the Project, it is unlikely that implementation of the proposed Project will significantly affect the direction of surface or groundwater flow. (Ibid.) However, development of the Project site may incrementally increase the amount of urban pollutants in onsite runoff, some of which may eventually reach local groundwater. (Ibid.) This includes chemicals such as household cleaners, automotive fuels, etc. that may be spilled by new residents on the site. Ibid.) Until recently, only industrial activities that made intensive use of 15 chemicals or hazardous materials were considered significant sources of groundwater pollution, and this residential development is very unlikely to contribute a significant amount of urban pollution. (Ibid.) 2. Findings. Implementation of the following mitigation measures will reduce potential impacts to water resources to a less than significant level: Standard Conditions of Approval and Codes a. The following City standards apply to the Project relative to water resources: • Prohibit activities within identified floodways that would interfere with the channel capacity or would substantially increase erosion, siltation or otherwise disturb the watercourse; Review individual project design to insure the stability of slopes adjacent to flood control facilities, which could be blocked due to slope failures; Require that measures be taken to control runoff from construction sites; • Require revegetation and/or development on newly graded sites to control erosion; • Control grading operations during the rainy season; and • A soil erosion control plan may be required in conjunction with grading plans. (Final EIR, pp. 77-78.) As a condition of approval, the City will require the Project to comply, or be consistent with, these requirements as applicable. (Ibid.) b. Proposed grading and drainage improvements shall conform to Section 2907 and 7012 of the Uniform Building Code (UBC) and shall incorporate the minimum standards for the FEMA, which insures that 100-year flood protection is provided to all habitable dwellings located within the floodplain. (Ibid.) C. All streets will be designed so that storm water does not exceed the top of the curb for a 10-year storm event and the right-of-way line for a 100-year storm on any street. Storm drains will collect excess water. (Ibid.) 16 Mitigation Measures The following additional measures will assure that potentially significant impacts related to water resources are mitigated to below a level of significance: Flooding/Flood Control 4-1 Prior to the issuance of a grading permit, the developer shall obtain Clean Water Act Section 401 and 404 permits (for water quality certification for dredge and fill operations), if necessary, from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and the Regional Board. Copies of the same shall be provided to City Building and Safety. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer. (Final EIR, p. 79.) 4-2 Prior to issuance of the first occupancy permit, the planned revetment along the East Etiwanda Channel adjacent to the Project site shall be installed, subject to approval by the San Bernardino County Flood Control District and receipt of that approval to the City Engineer. (Ibid.) 4-3 Prior to the recordation of each phase or approval of a grading permit, the Project proponent will implement the on- and off-site drainage system improvements as outlined in the Project Drainage Study (Appendix D). This includes detention facilities proposed at 24th Street (Wilson Avenue) and Etiwanda Creek or onsite, participation in the County's Etiwanda Creek fee program, and participation in the City of Rancho Cucamonga's Etiwanda/San Sevaine Area Drainage Policy program, including appropriate fair share fees. Implementation of this measure is subject to review and approval by the City Engineer prior to issuance of a grading permit. (Ibid.) Water Quality 4-4 Prior to issuance of building permits, the applicant shall submit to the City Engineer for approval of a Water Quality Management Plan ("WQMP"), including a project description and identifying Best Management Practices (`BMPs") that will be used on- site to reduce pollutants into the storm drain system to the maximum extent practicable. The WQMP shall identify the structural and non-structural measures consistent with the Guidelines for New Development and Redevelopment adopted by the City of Rancho Cucamonga June 2000. (Ibid.) 4-5 Prior to issuance of grading or paving permits, applicant shall submit to the City Engineer a Notice of Intent to comply with obtaining coverage under the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System ("NPDES") General Construction Storm Water Permit from the State Water Resources Control Board. Evidence that this has been obtained (i.e., a copy of the Waste Dischargers Identification Number) shall be submitted to the City Engineer for coverage under the NPDES General Construction Permit. (Final EIR, p. 80.) 17 The following measures will also be required to prevent impacts relative to regional flood control facilities: 4-6 Prior to the issuance of a grading permit, drainage and flood control facilities and improvements shall be designed and constructed in accordance with the San Bernardino County Flood Control District requirements, as applicable. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the County Flood Control District and receipt of approval by the City Engineer. Ibid.) 4-7 Prior to issuance of a grading permit, the developer will pay the required drainage fee related to the San Bernardino County Flood Control District Etiwanda Creek watershed. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the County Flood Control District and receipt of approval by the City Engineer. (Ibid.) 3. Supporting Explanation. A detailed hydrology study was completed for the Project site, which included East Etiwanda Creek in May of 2000, and which is attached to the Final EIR as Appendix C. (Final EIR, p. 73.) According to the most recent FEMA Flood Rate Map (panel 060270 7900D August 1985), the entire Project site lies in Zone D. (Final EIR, p. 71.) This zone is one identified by FEMA as an area of minimal but undetermined flooding. (Ibid.) Even though a portion of the Project site is currently owned by the San Bernardino County Flood Control District ("Flood Control District") for flood control purposes, the Project site is not located in a Flood Plain Safety Overlay District or Dam Inundation Overlay Area as identified in the City's General Plan. (Ibid.) That is why the Project site was determined to be surplus by the Flood Control District. Moreover, the Project's hydrology study, based on considerable flood plain analysis by the Flood Control District, indicates that a 100-year storm flow will already be contained with the middle portion of the Etiwanda Creek channel and does not reach the west bank adjacent to the Project. (Final EIR, p. 73.) Nevertheless, to eliminate any potential flood impact to the Project site and adjacent properties, the Project Applicant will be required to comply with the mitigation measures above, including the City's Etiwanda/San Sevaine Area Drainage Policy. (Final EIR, p. 77-80.) Specifically, this mitigation will require a storm drain to be constructed within the entry road pursuant to mitigation measure 4-3. Also, pursuant to mitigation measure 4-3, detention facilities are proposed be constructed along 24th Street (Wilson Avenue) and Etiwanda Creek at a location and in a manner that will be subject to review and approval by the Flood Control District. The Project developer will be required to build the detention facilities, offsite drainage improvements, and participate in the County's Etiwanda Creek fee program. (Ibid.) If the offsite detention and these identified improvements are not completed prior to construction, the Project's will have to provide onsite detention facilities, to the satisfaction of the City and the County Flood Control District, until the offsite detention facilities and the identified improvements are completed. (Ibid.) At the same time, the Project does not propose any improvement to Etiwanda Creek, and Project construction will not impact the banks or channels of the Etiwanda Creek, except for the addition of a connection from the proposed storm drain along the northern boundary of the site to the East Etiwanda Creek channel which will require 18 "punching through" the west bank of the channel and a small reinforced outlet structure. (See Final EIR Supp., p 2.) These mitigation measures, which themselves will have only minimal impacts that were analyzed in the EIR, will ensure that no significant flood impacts to the Project and adjacent properties will occur as a result of Project development. Regarding water quality impacts, the requirement that the Project developer will have to apply for a and receive a NPDES permit, and implement all applicable BMPs. (Final EIR, pp. 79-80.) The required terms of this permit, under the authority of the federal Clean Water Act and the State Water Resources Control Board, will ensure that no significant impacts will result from Project development. These standardized permits and requirements have been designed by regulating agencies to ensure that the required standards established under the federal Clean Water Act and California's Porter-Cologne Water Control Act of 1968 will be met. Also, if necessary, mitigation measure 4-1 requires the Project's developer to obtain any appropriate permits under the Clean Water Act for dredge and fill activities on the .48 acres of land on the Project site identified to be under the jurisdiction of the USACOE, to the satisfaction of the City Engineer. 4. Cumulative Impacts. As development occurs, local water resources, surface and underground, will be incrementally impacted as native soils are covered over, runoff is increased, and more urban pollutants are introduced into local runoff. (Final EIR, pp. 221-222.) However, these impacts are not expected to be significant as long as the City and County continue to require developers to decrease on-site runoff and to properly plan flood control improvements for new developments. (Ibid.) Cumulative developments in the area are expected to add 4,111 residential units, resulting in a "worst case" population of 13,319 persons to the area. (Ibid.) Based on an average water consumption rate of 200 gallons per person per day, cumulative growth is expected to consume 2.66 million gallons or 8.1 acre-feet of water per day. (Ibid.) Over the long-term, the City and County may wish to encourage use of imported water to prevent overdrafting of local sources, although it would make the area more dependent on non- local water, which in turn could require more water facilities to be built and result in additional environmental impacts. (Ibid.) Importation would allow local water to be more available for emergencies if regional supplies were temporarily lost (i.e., aqueduct damage, earthquake, etc.). (Ibid.) New development should have "first flush" basins at the inlet point of areas that produce urban pollutants (e.g., parking lots). (Ibid.) As growth continues, there may be cumulatively considerable impacts to water resources, mainly flood control and water quality. (Ibid.) It is also possible, though not fully documented, that cumulative water demand will exceed the sustainable yield of the local groundwater basin or surface water supplies. However, the proposed project represents only a small portion of these potential cumulative impacts. (Ibid.) With the implementation of the identified mitigation measures, any potentially significant cumulative impacts to water resources will be reduced to a less than significant level. (Final EIR, p. 80.) The mitigation required for this Project will effectively reduce any potential flood risk for the Project, and adjacent properties, far beyond the risk that could be caused by the Project's development. That is, the cumulative impact of the Project's will, overall, be a net benefit to the 19 City's and County's flood control efforts. Further, the requirement that the Project's developers comply with all applicable federal, state, and City and County requirements regarding water quality are substantially the same as requirements on nearby developments. If similar requirements are made for later developers, the cumulative impacts will continue to be less than significant. C. Transportation and Circulation 1. Potential Significant Impacts. Trip Generation The proposed Project would increase motor vehicle trips associated with the urban development on the Project site. (Final EIR, p. 87.) Table 3.5-1 of the Final EIR, Project Trip Generation, summarizes Project related traffic volumes for average daily and peak hour traffic volumes. Peak hour trips are those that occur during the highest one-hour period in the morning and highest one-hour period in the afternoon (typically 7:00 — 8:00 AM and 5:00 to 6:00 PM, respectively). I( bid.) The proposed Project is anticipated to generate a total of 2,956 daily vehicle trips at build out. I( bid.) Of this total, approximately 220 vehicles per hour are expected during the peak morning hours, while approximately 373 vehicles are expected during the peak evening hours. (Ibid.) The traffic reducing potential of public transit was not considered in the RKJK traffic study. (Ibid.) Traffic Projections presented in the report are therefore conservative in that public transit could be effective in reducing traffic volumes. (Ibid.) Adjoining land uses and other development in the area will also generate vehicular trips, which must be evaluated in relation to Project impacts. (Ibid.) Table 3.5-2 of the Final EIR, Cumulative Development Trip Generation, lists the proposed other development land uses, which depicts the daily and peak hour vehicle trips generated in the vicinity of the study area. (Ibid.) Trip Distribution Trip characteristics of the Project were estimated based upon several factors, including the geographical orientation of the Project site, the location of various anticipated employment, commercial, and recreational destinations, and the site's proximity to the regional freeway system. (Final EIR, p. 89.) Also assumed in the trip characteristics are certain proposed arterial streets and collectors, as well as the local street systems that would be in place at the time of Project development. I( bid.) Based on local and regional land uses, the traffic consultant distributed Project traffic onto the local roadway network, as shown in Figure 3.5-4 of the Final EIR, Project Trip Distribution. (Ibid.) For the Project traffic study, it was assumed that, at build out, 68 percent of the Project traffic will enter/exit the site along Etiwanda Avenue, while 32 percent will use East Avenue. (Ibid.) It is also assumed 22 percent of the Project traffic will eventually travel west on Route 210. I( bid.) These increases in vehicle traffic, including the 20 distribution of the vehicle traffic on some roads more intensely than others, is a potentially significant impact. (Final EIR, p. 102.) Intersection Analysis The current technical guide used to evaluate traffic operations is the 1997 Highway Capacity Manual ("HCM"), Transportation Research Board Special Report 209. (Final EIR, p. 89.) The HCM defines the level of service as a qualitative measure for describing operation conditions within a circulation system. (Ibid.) This method describes operational conditions, such as speed and travel time, freedom to maneuver, traffic interruptions, comfort and convenience, and most importantly, safety. (Ibid.) The criteria used for Level of Service ("LOS") was based on the type of roadway and whether traffic flow is considered interrupted or uninterrupted. (Ibid.) The criteria for LOS determination is summarized in Table 3.5-3 of the Final EIR, Level of Service Definitions, and Table 3-5 of the Final EIR, Level of Service Criteria. (Ibid.) Finally, the 1997 HCM methodology is currently required by the County for unsignalized intersection analysis. (Ibid.) Methodologies for the traffic analysis are discussed in detail in the RKJK analysis. (Ibid.) For the purpose of this EIR, Endo Engineering analyzed the site and traffic report, provided by RKJK. (Ibid.) Endo used the 1997 HCM methodology in their analysis. (Ibid.) The definitions of LOS for interrupted traffic flow (i.e., flow restrained by the existence of traffic signals and other traffic control devices) differs slightly depending on the type of traffic control. Qid.) The HCM methodology defines LOS at an intersection in terms of delay time for the various intersection approaches. (Ibid.) Delay time can vary depending on the type of intersection control (i.e. traffic signals, two-way stop signs, or four way stop signs). Qid.) For signalized intersections, average stopped delay per vehicle is used to determine LOS. (Ibid.) Signalized intersections are evaluated against the HCM intersection analysis program. (Ibid.) Study area intersections, which are stop sign controlled or with stop control on the minor streets, have only been analyzed using the unsignalized intersection methodology of the HCM. (Ibid.) For intersections that are controlled by all way stop signs, the HCM methodology for multi-way stop controlled intersections was used. (Ibid.) The level of services are defined for the various analysis methodologies in Table 3.5-4 of the Final EIR, Level of Service (LOS) Criteria. (Ibid.) Four intersections in the vicinity of the Project have been evaluated to determine their existing levels of service. (Ibid.) The four intersections and their morning and evening peak hour Level of Service (LOS) are listed in Table 3.5-5 of the Final EIR, Intersection Analysis for Existing Conditions. (Ibid.) A discussion of Level of Service follows the table. (Ibid.) Estimates of existing traffic conditions are delineated in Figure 3.5-5 of the Final EIR, Existing Average Daily Traffic. (Ibid.) Development of the Project could have a potentially significant impact upon the level of service at Etiwanda and Highland Ave, in particular, because the Endo Engineering Study prepared by RKJK indicates that the LOS at this intersection could be reduced to LOS D during the A.M. peak hour at full Project build out in 2015. (Final EIR, p. 102.) 2. Findings 21 The Project would add an increment of traffic resulting in a potential for cumulatively significant impacts if certain improvements are not undertaken. The following mitigation measures will reduce Project traffic impacts to below a level of significance: 5-1 Prior to the issuance of the first occupancy permit for the Project, the following intersections are projected to be warranted for traffic signals by opening year: • Day Creek Boulevard (NS) at Banyan Avenue (EW) Day Creek Boulevard (NS) at SR-210 West Bound Ramp (EW) • Day Creek Boulevard (NS) at SR-210 East Bound Ramp (EW) • Etiwanda Avenue (NS) at Banyan Avenue (EW) • Etiwanda Avenue (NS) at Wilson Avenue (EW) • East Avenue (NS) at Banyan Avenue (EW) The applicant shall make a fair share contribution, as identified in the Project traffic report, to the traffic signal mitigation program of the County of San Bernardino and/or City of Rancho Cucamonga, as appropriate' This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer. (Final EIR, p. 104.) 5-2 Prior to the issuance of building permits for each phase, the Project shall incorporate bus turn-outs and/or shelters if required by Omni-Trans and/or the Transportation Commission. The project applicant shall consult with and obtain clearance from these agencies to assure compliance with the Regional Mobility and Air Quality Management Plans. Confirmation of contact and compliance with their requirements shall be provided to the City Engineer. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer. (Ibid.) Note: Mitigation Measure 6-12 in Air Quality (Section 3.6) also addresses public transit to help mitigate air quality impacts. (Ibid.) 5-3 Prior to the issuance of building permits for each phase, the applicant shall pay a fair share basis for off-site improvements as identified in the Project traffic report. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer, including but not limited to the following: (Final EIR, p. 105.) • 24`h Avenue (Wilson Avenue) from Etiwanda Avenue to Day Creek; • Day Creek Boulevard from 24`h (Wilson) to Highland Avenue; 22 • 24h (Wilson) between Etiwanda Avenue and Wardman Bullock Road; and • East Avenue from south of the Project limit to 23rd Street. 5-4 Prior to the issuance of building permits for each phase, the applicant shall pay a "fair share" contribution towards off-site impacts to linked roadways and intersections, as outlined in the Project traffic report. The Project share of the cost has been calculated based on the proportion of the Project peak hour traffic contributed to the improvement location relative to the total new peak hour Year 2015 traffic volume. The Project's fair share of identified intersection and roadway link cost is $63,818 as of the date of the traffic study. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of City Engineer, including any changes in the Project's fair share contribution due to changes in the Consumer Price Index or similar public works measures. (Ibid.) 5-5 Prior to issuance of an occupancy permit for the first residential unit, the developer shall construct East Avenue and Etiwanda Avenue to City standards, as outlined in the Project traffic report. These improvements will be made to the satisfaction of the City Engineer. (Ibid.) Note: Measure 6-5 in Section 3.6, Air Quality, restricts receipt of construction materials to non- peak hours, which will help reduce potential traffic impacts during those times. (Ibid.) 5-6 Prior to the issuance of grading permits, the developer shall coordinate all construction- related activities to minimize congestion and delay on local roadways, to the satisfaction ' of City Engineer. (Ibid.) 5-7 Prior to the issuance of grading permits or land disturbing activity, the developer shall submit a Dust Control Plan ("DCP") to the City Building and Safety Department consistent with SCAQMD guidelines. The DCP shall include activities to reduce on-site and on-site dust production. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Building Official. Such activities shall include, but are not limited to, the following: (Final EIR, pp. 105-106.) a) Throughout grading and construction activities, exposed soil shall be kept moist through a minimum of twice daily watering to reduce fugitive dust. b) Street sweeping shall be conducted, when visible soil accumulations occur along site access roadways to remove dirt dropped by construction vehicles or dried mud carried off by trucks moving dirt or bringing construction materials. Site access driveways and adjacent streets will be washed if there are visible signs of any dirt track-out at the conclusion of any workday. C) All trucks hauling dirt away from the site shall be covered to prevent the generation of fugitive dust. 23 d) During high wind conditions (i.e., wind speeds exceeding 25 mph), areas with disturbed soil will be watered hourly, and activities on unpaved surfaces shall be terminated until wind speeds no longer exceed 25 mph. 3. Supporting Explanation. The Project's Traffic Study indicates that traffic and circulation improvements associated with the Project will result in all intersections operating at a LOS of C or better, except the intersection at Etiwanda Avenue and Highland Avenue during peak morning hours. (Final EIR, p.\94.) During this time, the Project's Traffic Study indicates that traffic at this intersection will have a LOS of D at Project build out in 2015, unless any additional improvement occurs before 2015. (See Table 3.5-7 Project Traffic Impacts-Build out (2015) Final EIR, p. 99.) As it turns out, the required improvements to this intersection were made as part of the extension of the Route 210 to the City. (Final Supp., p. 3.) Thus, this intersection will operate at a level that well exceeds the LOS D identified in the Project's traffic study. Since the City has set a standard of LOS of D for all new projects to maintain City streets, this Project, even without the recent improvements, would have nevertheless met the City's LOS standards at full Project build out. (Ibid.) Overall, the required LOS standard will be met by a number of different circulation improvements, as identified herein, with signalization providing the greatest improvement at designated intersections. (Final EIR, pp. 104-106.) In addition, the Project is consistent with transportation-related City General Plan goals. (Final EIR, pp. 101-102.) The Project is also consistent with the West Valley Foothills Sub- Regional Plan guidelines because it provides a road system of an appropriate scale for the foothills area; it achieves the City's LOS standards; it discourages through traffic within the residential area; and provides pedestrian and bicycle trails on-site that will connect to adjacent trails planned by the City. (Ibid.) With implementation of the Project as proposed, including standard conditions, uniform codes, Project design features, and the above mitigation measures, the Project will not produce significant long-term impacts to traffic or circulation. (Final EIR, p. 106.) 4. Cumulative Impacts. The traffic analysis for the proposed project includes an analysis of cumulative impacts. As growth occurs, there will be cumulatively considerable traffic impacts in the Etiwanda community. (Final EIR, p. 222.) Cumulative growth could generate approximately 2,956 average daily trips based on 220 vehicles per hour during AM peak hours and 373 during the PM hours. (Ibid.) Increased traffic volumes and related congestion at major intersections and along major roadways, most notably Etiwanda and East Avenues at 24th Street, especially during peak hours. (Ibid.) As long as recommended and needed improvements to the infrastructure are completed in a timely manner, regional impacts will not be cumulatively considerable. (Ibid.) In addition, the Project does not represent a significant contribution to this impact as discussed in Section 3.5, Transportation and Circulation. (Ibid.) 24 D. Hazards 1. Potential Significant Impacts. Hazardous Materials: The proposed Project will expose people and structures to potential hazards due to the possibility of hazmat spills on nearby state highways. (Final EIR, p. 155.) However, this risk is not elevated for the Project site and would be typical for any suburban development proposed in Southern California. (Ibid.) Development of the Project site will involve the use of, and may require the temporary storage of, vehicle fuels on the site. Qjtd.) After construction is complete, occupancy or operation of the Project will involve the minor use of chemicals and other materials typical of suburban uses (e.g. cleaning and automotive compounds) including landscape maintenance (i.e. pesticides, fertilizers). (Ibid.) Due to the type of land uses proposed (e.g., residential and open space), large amounts of hazardous materials will not be stored on- site, although small amounts of necessary maintenance chemicals will be stored in individual structures and for park maintenance. (Ibi(i) Nearby schools will also not be affected by any hazardous materials related to this Project. I( bid.) Wildland Fires: The proposed Project will expose more people and structures to potential wild fire hazards. I( bid.) Conversely, development of the Project will permanently remove some fire prone vegetation from the Project site. (Ibid.) Wildlife/Human Interaction: The proposed Project would expose additional residents to potentially dangerous wildlife/human encounters. (Ibid.) This risk is similar for residents throughout the foothill communities and is not particularly elevated for this site. (Ibid.) This hazard may be slightly higher for new Project residents compared to existing residents, because areas with larger lots and lower housing density have more open space and may attract more animals. (Ibid.) Conversely, areas with more homes closer together may attract wildlife if, for example, trashcans are left uncovered or other attractions are readily available. (Ibid.) This particular hazard is difficult to quantify for different areas, but it is reasonable to conclude that residents of the foothill communities will generally face some incremental increased risk from interactions with wildlife. 2. Findings The following measures are proposed to help assure that potentially significant impacts regarding hazmat release during construction, wildlife/human interaction, and wild fires are mitigated to below a level of significance. 25 Hazardous Materials: 9-1 Prior to the issuance of grading permits or land disturbing activity for each phase, the developer shall submit a plan to the Rancho Cucamonga Fire Protection District ("RCFPD") for each phase for the proper clean up of any hazardous or toxic substance that is discovered or released during construction. The plan will require the developer to properly clean-up and remove any contaminated soil or other material; restore the affected area to background conditions or to regulatory threshold levels for the contaminant(s) accidentally released or discovered; and deliver the contaminated material to an appropriate treatment, recycling, or landfill facility in accordance with the regulations for the type of contaminant accidentally released and collected for management. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the RCFPD. (Final EIR, p. 157.) Wildland Fires: 9-2 Each individual lot owner will be required to maintain their side and back yards with 30 feet of irrigated "firewise" Zone 1 landscaping or equivalent. No buildings are to be built within this setback area. Swimming pools and non-combustible deck coverings are permissible. Any remaining portion of the backyard lot will be maintained to either Zone 1 or Zone 2 criteria depending on the lot depth. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Rancho Cucamonga Fire Protection District. (Ibid.) 9-3 Landscape and maintenance for the manufactured slopes common areas will be to Zone 2 criteria. These areas may be irrigated, ornamental firewise landscaping, or planted with native fire resistant plants and trees. Access points every 500 feet shall be available to perform annual maintenance. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Rancho Cucamonga Fire Protection District. (Ibid.) 9-4 A special fuel modification zone easement shall be located outside and adjacent to the northern Project boundary within the electric utility corridor and on flood control district land where all native and exotic vegetation will be treated to Zone 2 criteria on a strip of land 50 feet in width. Also, a Fuel Modification Zone Easement of 75 feet in width will be created and maintained by the maintenance authority adjacent to the east side of Lot 46, Phase 4. Alternatively, the tentative tract map may be modified to allow an appropriate onsite Fuel Modification Zone along the northern boundary if the electric corridor cannot be used. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Rancho Cucamonga Fire Protection District. (Final EIR, p. 158.) 9-5 All residential structures within the Tract 14749 development will be built with a Class A Roof Assembly, including a Class A roof covering and attic or foundation ventilation louvers or ventilation openings in vertical walls shall not exceed 144 square inches per opening. These opening shall be covered with '/a inch mesh corrosion-resistant metal screening or other approved material that offers equivalent protection. Attic ventilation shall also comply with the requirements of the Uniform Building Code (U.B.C.). Ventilation louvers and openings may be incorporated as part of access assemblies. This 26 measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Rancho Cucamonga Fire Protection District. I( bid.) 9-6 A six-foot high solid non-combustible wall shall be constructed along the entire length of the north, east and west property lines to minimize fire danger. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department. (Ibid.) Wildlife/Human Interaction: 9-7 Prior to the issuance of the first occupancy permit, the applicant shall provide signs along 1 the community trails, including the west bank of. East Etiwanda Creek, that warn residents of the potential risk of wildlife/human interactions. The wording, design, number, and placement of the signs shall be to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department. (Ibid.) 9-8 The applicant shall provide wildlife resistant trash receptacles at the parks and other public facilities to prevent foraging by local wildlife. The design and placement of the receptacles shall be to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department. (Ibid.) 3. Supporting Explanation. The risk of exposure to hazardous materials for the Project is typical for any suburban development in Southern California and will not create any unusual potential health hazard. (Final EIR, p. 156.) In addition, mitigation measure 9-1 ensures that any hazardous materials discovered on the Project site, or any spills or releases of hazardous material related to Project construction will be mitigated pursuant to the requirements of federal and state laws and to the satisfaction of the RCFPD. (Final EIR, p. 157.) After construction is completed, the Project site will be surrounded by either landscaped area or the Etiwanda Creek, significantly reducing the future danger of wild fires. (Final EIR, pp. 1577158.) In addition, the Project will meet RCFPD requirements for brush clearing, and add water service to the site, significant improving fire-fighting capabilities. (Final EIR, p. 155.) These Project design features will reduce impacts related to fire safety to less than significant levels. (Final EIR, p. 158.) Impacts related to wildlife/human interactions will be mitigated by providing warning signs in high-risk areas of such potential risks, and by placing wildlife resistant trash receptacles in public areas pursuant to mitigation measures 9-7 and 9-8. (Final EIR, p. 158.) Further, since growth is gradually occurring in the Project area, including immediately south of the Project site, the result will be that somewhat fewer wild animals will live in the Project area. Therefore, with implementation of the standard conditions, Project design features, and above mitigation measures, all project-level and cumulative impacts related to hazards will be reduced to below a level of significance. (Ibid.) 4. Cumulative Impacts. 27 Continued growth will increase the potential for dangerous interactions with native wildlife (e.g., rattlesnakes, mountain licit, bear, coyote, etc.) as long as these species remain in the foothills proximate to human activity. (Final EIR, p. 223-224.) While this will be an incremental impact, the experiences of other developing foothill communities (i.e., Arcadia, Monrovia, etc.) indicate that these impacts may be cumulatively considerable. (Ibid.) As development occurs, the area will experience an incremental increase in the use of hazardous materials, mainly from domestic sources (i.e., household cleaners, gardening chemicals, automotive fluids, etc.). (Ibid.) It is expected that these materials will be handled, transported, and disposed of properly, according to existing regulations. Ibid.) However, growth may also increase the amount of illegal dumping of these materials in the area, which is especially destructive in the foothill area. Ibid.) Because natural streams and chaparral vegetation are more prevalent in the foothills than in urban areas, they are more susceptible to damage from these illegally dumped materials. (Ibid.) Therefore, planned development could have cumulatively significant impacts, although the proposed project, being entirely residential, will probably not make a significant contribution to this potential cumulative impact. Ibid.) The area is served by two highways (SR-210 and Interstate 15) that can provide routes for evacuation out of the area in all directions but immediately north. (Ibid.) However, the local roads leading to these major highways are currently limited, although it is planned that they will be improved as they are needed (i.e., as development occurs). (Ibid.) Access for Project residents to evacuate the area in the event of a localized emergency (i.e., small fire) is available in several directions. (Ibid.) To the south, Etiwanda and East Avenues provide access south to the City of Rancho Cucamonga. (Ibid.) Residents can also travel west on Wilson Avenue, which is presently incomplete. (Ibid.) When completed, 24th Street can also provide east and west access. (Ibid.) If the area were to experience a major disaster (e.g., major flood, fire, or earthquake), evacuation of several thousand residents via the current road system would probably take several hours, which is marginal even assuming there is adequate warning. (Ibid.) Fuel modification requirements for the project reduce its potential to be impacted by a major fire. (Ibid.) Based on available information, evacuation routes for the foothill area appear to be presently adequate but must be expanded as planned growth occurs, otherwise, this impact could become cumulatively considerable. (Ibid.) CEQA does not allow mitigation of project impacts to be deferred in lieu of conducting additional studies. (Ibid.) However, this represents only a potential cumulative impact that may or may not occur as a result of existing area-wide conditions. (Ibid.) If these conditions do indeed represent threats to the foothill community, the proposed Project will contribute only an incremental portion of the increased impact due to the number of units proposed. With the implementation of the above listed mitigation measures, any potentially significant cumulative impacts to land use and planning will be reduced to a less than significant level. Indeed, the improvements made as part of the Project will marginally reduce the likelihood of additional wild fires in the area, and the possibility of dangerous wildlife/human interactions. 28 E. Noise 1. Potential Significant Impacts. Short-Term Impacts: Construction of the proposed Project will produce ground borne noise or vibrations during grading operations. (Final EIR, p. 163-164.) Although surrounding properties are currently vacant, more distant receptors could be impacted. (Ibid.) Such ground vibrations will, however, cease after construction is completed. (Ibid.) The proposed Project will also cause a short-term increase in ambient noise levels due to construction activities. .) Temporary noise impacts will occur adjacent to site access routes and onsite in areas under construction. (Ibid.) Since the surrounding properties are vacant, the potential for significant noise impacts on local residents is, however, low. (Ibid.) Earth-moving equipment will be the loudest equipment with noise ranging up to about 90-dB. (Ibid.) Long-Term Impacts: The proposed Project will increase long-term noise levels, mainly from the additional motor vehicle noise, and from general human activity. (Final EIR, p. 166.) As the site is developed, Project-related traffic will cause an incremental increase in area-wide noise levels throughout the Etiwanda area. (Ibid.) Development of the Project site will produce incremental long-term noise impacts, in addition to cumulative noise impacts that will result from increased urbanization of the Etiwanda area. (Ibid.) Detailed noise calculations for the Project were prepared by Endo Engineering in July 2000 using the accepted Federal Highway Administration methodology. (Ibid.) Table 3.10-3 of the Final EIR, Project-Related Increase in Motor Vehicle Noise, summarizes the 24-hour CNEL level at 100 feet from the roadway edge along seven area roads for existing, opening year, and build out (after year 2015) both without and with the Project. (Ibid.) The future traffic noise environment in the Project vicinity is almost exclusively due to cumulative growth. (Ibid.) Table 3.10-4 of the Final EIR, 2015+ Project Exterior Noise Exposure Adjacent to Area Roadways, compares the noise level changes attributable to area build out without the Project versus the increment attributable to the proposed Project. (Ibid.) Maximum noise level increases from no-Project to build out are 59.5 dB, while the maximum Project traffic-related noise impact is 3.0 dB CNEL. (Ibid.) As a general planning guide, noise level differences of less than 1.0 dB are not perceptible, and 3.0 dB is the commonly accepted threshold for people to perceive that noise levels have measurably changed. (Ibid.) The individual differences in noise levels between existing and future are shown in Table 3.10-4 of the Final EIR; 2015+ Project Exterior Noise Exposure Adjacent to Area Roadways. .(Ibid.) Although the individual Project noise impact is below the generally accepted significance threshold, cumulative noise impacts are well in excess of these thresholds. (Ibid.) 29 As traffic disperses within the Project site, noise levels will decrease. (Final EIR, p. 167.) As volumes decrease and speeds drop within residential communities, the need for perimeter noise protection will also decrease. (Ibid.) For a travel speed of 40 mph, the 65 dB CNEL contour distances decrease to less than 50 feet from the centerline when daily traffic volumes drop to less than 7,000 ADT. (Ibid.) Streets with less than this threshold volume likely will not require noise protection, or alternately, will offer the opportunity to have the homes front the street instead of having a rear yard exposure to the roadway. Ibid.) The threshold level for evaluation of noise protection requirements is 60 dB CNEL. (Ibid.) This level occurs at 50 feet from the roadway centerline when daily traffic volumes exceed 2,000 ADT. I( bid.) Any future roadway that has abutting noise-sensitive (homes, schools, parks, churches) uses and is forecast to carry over 2,000 vehicles will require a noise abatement study at the tract map level for future Project construction. (Ibid.) The triggering level for actual noise mitigation likely will not be reached until a 7,000 ADT daily traffic level. (Ibid.) Opening Year (2005) Noise levels on streets within the study area were quantified based upon year 2003+ Project traffic volumes. (Ibid.) Table 3.10-3 of the Final EIR, Project-Related Increase in 2003 Motor Vehicle Noise, provides the Projected noise exposure adjacent to roadways carrying appreciable volumes of Project-related traffic. (Ibid.) As shown in the figure, noise levels at fifty feet from the centerline of area roadways will range from a low of 58.1 CNEL along Wilson Avenue (east of Etiwanda Avenue) to a high of 78.3 CNEL along Highland Avenue (east of Etiwanda Avenue). (Ibid.) Build out (2015) To determine long-term noise impacts, engineers compared the Projected 2015 CNEL (no Project) with the Projected 2015 CNEL plus the Project traffic. (Ibid.) The noise impact calculations are summarized in Table 13.4 of the Final EIR, 2015+ Project Exterior Noise Exposure Adjacent to Area Roadways. (Ibid.) Increases in noise levels are expected by the year 2015 from Project traffic along Highland Avenue and east of Etiwanda Avenue (78.5 CNEL at 50 feet from the roadway centerline). (Ibid.) However, traffic volumes on Etiwanda Avenue (north of Wilson Avenue) and Wilson Avenue (west of Etiwanda Avenue) will generate the lowest motor vehicle noise levels (64.7 CNEL). (Ibid.) Therefore, Project noise impacts at build out are not expected to be significant. (Ibid.) The proposed Project may result in temporary exposure of persons to, or generation of, noise levels in excess of standards established in the City General Plan Noise Element during construction. (Ibid.) Vacant lots surround the site, therefore there are no sensitive receptors to noise at or near the site. (Ibid.) The only noise generated would be that of construction related activities. (Ibid.) The Project must meet the City Noise Ordinance standards as a condition of building permit approval. (Ibid.) The Project must also comply with the City Development Code which sets noise standards for potential future on-site and/or adjacent off-site noise sources. (Ibid.) The Project is not located in close proximity to major noise sources such as rail 30 lines, freeways, or airports. I( bid.) The potential for significant impacts related to excessive noise will be discussed below. Ibid.) Summary Upon completion, the proposed Project will not generate an audible noise increase (greater than 3.0 dBA) along any of the roadway links, except Wilson Avenue, west of Etiwanda Avenue. (Final EIR, p. 168.) Even with Project-related traffic, the 60 CNEL contour will remain within the right-of-way of Wilson Avenue. (Ibid.) With year 2015 traffic volumes, the proposed Project will not generate an audible noise increase (greater than 3.0 dBA) along any of the roadway links. (Ibid.) The Project noise impact study concludes that off-site noise impacts will be individually less than significant, but cumulatively significant. (Ibid.) Off-site impact mitigation is not feasible because the cumulative impact is incrementally due to hundreds of planned developments. (Ibid.) Over the long-term, noise-sensitive land uses typically incorporate their own noise protection (e.g., schools install block walls, double-glazed windows, or air conditioned classrooms so windows can be kept closed). (Ibid.) In addition, less sensitive land uses are often allowed to be located and used as a buffer between roadways and sensitive receivers. (Ibid.) Other Noise Sources: The site is not located within an airport land use plan or within two miles of a public airport or a private airstrip. (Ibid.) Furthermore, the Project site is not in close proximity to major noise sources such as rail lines, freeways, or industries. (Ibid.) 2. Findings The following measures are proposed to help assure that potentially significant impacts regarding noise during construction and at Project build out are mitigated to below a level of significance. Short-Term (Construction) Noise Construction or grading shall not take place between the hours of 8:00 p.m. and 6:30 a.m. on weekdays, including Saturday, or at any time on Sunday or a national holiday. (Final EIR, p. 173.) 10-1 Construction or grading noise levels shall not exceed the standards specified in Development Code Section 17.02.120-D, as measured at the property line. Developer shall hire a consultant to perform weekly noise level monitoring as specified in Development Code Section 17.02.120. Monitoring at other times may be required by the Planning Division. Said consultant shall report their findings to the Planning Division 31 within 24 hours; however, if noise levels exceed the above standards, then the consultant shall immediately notify the Planning Division. If noise levels exceed the above standards, then construction activities shall be reduced in intensity to a level of compliance with above noise standards or halted. (Ibid.) 10-2 During construction, haul truck deliveries shall not take place between the hours of 8:00 p.m. and 6:30 a.m. on weekdays, including Saturday, or at any time on Sunday or a national holiday. Additionally, if heavy trucks used for hauling would exceed 100 daily trips (counting both to and from the construction site), then the developer shall prepare a noise mitigation plan denoting any construction traffic haul routes. To the extent feasible, the plan shall denote haul routes that do not pass sensitive land uses or residential dwellings. I( bid.) 10-3 Prior to the issuance of grading and building permits for each phase, the developer shall confirm to Building and Safety in writing that all construction equipment, fixed or mobile, shall use properly operating mufflers. No combustion equipment, such as pumps or generators, shall be allowed to operate within 500 feet of any occupied residence from 6:30 p.m. to 7 a.m. unless the equipment is surrounded by a noise protection barrier. Stationary equipment shall be placed in such a manner as emitted noise is directed away from sensitive receptors. Additionally, stockpiling of vehicles and staging areas shall be located as far as practical from sensitive noise receptors as well. The developer shall include this provision and adherence to all conditions of approval as a requirement of all construction contracts for this site. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department. I( bid.) 10-4 Prior to the issuance of grading and/or building permits, all construction staging shall be performed at least 500 feet from occupied dwellings. The location of staging areas, as indicated on the grading plan, will be subject to review and approval by the City Planning Department. (Ibid.) Long-Term (Occupancy) Noise 10-5 Prior to the issuance of building permits for each phase, the developer will document that exterior residential areas will have exterior noise levels of less than 65 dB CNEL, to the satisfaction of the City Building and Safety Department. (Final EIR, p. 174.) 10-6 Prior to the issuance of occupancy permits for each phase, the developer shall document that interior living areas have noise levels less than 45 dB CNEL, to the satisfaction of the Building and Safety Department. (Ibid.) 10-7 Prior to the issuance of building permits for each phase, the developer shall incorporate site designs and measures to help reduce proposed noise levels over the long-term. Residential lots with rear yards or side yards adjacent to collector streets (i.e. Lower Crest) shall be constructed with a 6-foot block wall along the perimeter or demonstrate with an additional noise study that ultimate traffic volumes onsite will not exceed the 32 noise performance standards in the City Development Code to the satisfaction of the Building and Safety Department. (bid.) NOTE: In addition, the traffic mitigation measures 5-1, 5-3, and 5-4 will help reduce noise- related impacts from Project traffic by contributing to various roadway and intersection improvements. bid.) 3. Supporting Explanation Short-Term (Construction) Noise Implementation of the proposed mitigation measures 10-1 through 10-4 will reduce any short-term noise impacts to a less than significant level. (Final EIR, p. 174.) Mitigation measure 10-1 ensures that the City's noise ordinance will not be violated by construction activity. (Final EIR, p. 173.) Measure 10-2 limits the exposure that City residents will have to noise from construction vehicles to work days, during which time many residents will not be at home, and would not typically be sleeping. Ibid.) Further, to the extent that trips are required in excess of 100 per day, this measure requires the City to prepare a noise mitigation plan to further reduce potential impacts. (Ibid.) Measures 10-3 and 10-4 protect sensitive receptors at or near the Project site, by requiring mufflers and or barriers, plus a minimum distance for construction activities to take place away from occupied dwelling. I( bid.) Together, these measures will mitigated noise from construction activities to a less than significant level. Long-Term (Occupancy) Noise While the Project's noise study indicates that noise levels on Wilson Avenue itself will exceed thresholds for significance in the long term, noise levels are only expected to exceed City thresholds within the Wilson Avenue's right-of-way itself, where no sensitive users could possibly locate. (Final EIR, p. 168.) That is, any potentially significant impact is limited to the roadway and adjacent right-away itself, and not the Project area or any other adjacent areas. Mitigation measure 10-5 and 10-6, however, also require the Project developer, before the issuance of building permits for each phase, to demonstrate that noise thresholds for both interior and exterior meet the City's standards of no greater than 45 db CNEL for interior noise and 65 db CNEL for exterior noise. (Finale EIR, p. 174.) Mitigation measure 10-7 ensures that residences located on collector streets, i.e., Lower Crest, will include an additional sound attenuation feature such as a 6-foot block wall to ensure that noise impacts from those collector streets, as they begin to receive more traffic, will not exceed City standards. (Ibid.) These measures ensure that if there are any subsequent changes to the noise environment in the Project area because of any unforeseen circumstances, the Project will continue to meet the City's noise standards even at full build out. (Ibid.) Implementation of these mitigation measures will ensure that noise levels do not exceed City's requirements, and remain less than significant. (Ibid.) Therefore, with the implementation of standard conditions, uniform codes, and the above mitigation measures, the Project will not cause any short-term or long-term significant noise impacts. (Ibid.) 33 4. Cumulative Impacts Construction activities of the various development projects will cause temporary impacts on the ambient noise environment, which is relatively quiet at present. (Final EIR, p. 224.) It is expected that any cumulative construction noise impacts can be mitigated at a project level. (Ibid.) The major cumulative noise impacts in the area would result from increased traffic volumes impacting existing surrounding dwelling units and increasing noise levels beyond local standards (i.e., 60 CNEL). (Ibid.)Future noise levels are projected to increase over existing noise levels by more than 3 dBA on the CNEL scale for many of the roadways in the Project area, however, in many cases the 3 dB increase is the result of very low traffic volumes on rural roads. (Ibid.) Existing residences should not be exposed to significant noise impacts, even with the general increase in area-wide noise levels. (Ibid.) Additionally, only those roadways that have a significant noise increase and are adjacent to existing residential developments are of concern. I( bid.) Roadways along planned residential areas that are not yet developed will be mitigated by the developer at the time of design. (Ibid.) Area roadways are expected to experience significant cumulative noise impacts due to regional growth (+6 dB), therefore, growth will have cumulatively considerable impacts on noise. (Ibid.) However, it is not anticipated that the proposed Project will make a significant contribution to cumulative noise impacts according to the Project noise report prepared by The Chambers Group. (Ibid.) As long as careful long-term planning, engineering and construction practices continue to be employed by the City, and projects comply with local and regional plans, anticipated cumulative noise impacts will be effectively mitigated to less than significant levels. F. Public Services 1. Potential Significant Impacts. Fire Protection The development of the proposed Project would create the need for additional fire protection services. (Final EIR, p. 178.) The Project would add to the number of incidents responded to by the fire department, and thus the Applicant should contribute financing to the department for additional fire related services. (Ibid.) Further, as evidenced by the recent Grand Prix fires, the area lies in a high fire hazard area. (Ibid.) Since the Project is in a Fire Overlay District, certain requirements on construction are necessary. (Ibid.) This includes water supply, access, and fuel modification plans and landscape design (RCFPD, 2000). (Ibid.) Police Protection The proposed Project will generate an incremental increased need for police protection in the Project area. (Ibid.) As the Project population increases, there will be a related increase in service calls typical of suburban areas (e.g., domestic problems, theft, vandalism, etc.). (Ibid.) 34 However, the Sheriff's Department has indicated the Project is not expected to create any significant demand or impact on police services (RCSD 2000). (Ibid.) Access to the site and surrounding area by police personnel will not be significantly impacted, as the Project will have "Knox" boxes that will allow emergency access. (Ibid.) Schools Historical enrollments in both the Chaffey Joint Union High School District (CJUHSD) and the Etiwanda Elementary School District (EESD) schools have increased dramatically over the past 10 years. (Final EIR, p. 179.) The districts have also experienced periodic "spikes" in enrollments depending on various regional conditions (e.g., during the civil strife in Los Angeles). (Ibid.) Historical student generation data from the districts indicate the Project could generate as many as 111 K-5 students, 56 6-8 grade students, and 40 high school students at build out, based on a total of 0.78 students per household, as shown in Tables 14.1 and 14.2. (Ibid.) The actual number of students generated will depend on Project phasing (i.e., how many units are built and occupied each year). (Ibid.) The developer presently proposes 5 phases over 3 years. (Ibid.) At present, enrollments at all of the schools serving the Project site are at or over their capacities, as shown previously in Tables 14.1 and 14.2. (Ibid.) Payment of state-mandated developer impact fees represents full and complete mitigation under CEQA, regardless of the enrollment to capacity conditions of the affected schools. Library The proposed Project will create an incremental increase in the use of, and the need for, library facilities and services. (Ibid.) While many of its services have been augmented by intemet use at home and work, there is a continuing need for libraries and their unique services in the future. (Ibid.) The Project is expected to generate revenues for library services in excess of expected costs (Gobar 1999). (Ibid.) Medical Services The proposed Project will create an incremental increase in the use of, and the need for, medical facilities in the area in direct proportion to the occupancy of the Project. I( bid.) Many general medical services are provided by County health care facilities, but other general and many specialized services are provided by private companies. (Ibid.) At present, private or corporate insurance, or government subsidized programs (i.e., Medicare, Medicaid) cover the vast majority of medical costs, so there will be no significant impacts to area medical facilities as a result of development of the proposed Project. (Ibid.) Roads The Project will generate an incremental increase in maintenance needs for federal, state, and County government by increased traffic from Project residents. (Ibid.) The Project will provide additional funds to the City and County in the form of increased property and gasoline taxes to help fund road maintenance. (Ibid.) Construction and maintenance of internal roads will be the responsibility of the developer. (Ibid.) According to the Gobar fiscal report, the 35 Project is expected to generate road revenues in excess of road maintenance costs. I( bid.) The Project will, therefore, produce no significant impacts related to roads. (Ibid.) Other Public Facilities At full build out, the proposed Project could generate as many as 861 additional residents that will require general governmental services from the County. (Final EIR, p. 180.) The Project will, likewise, provide additional funds to the County in the form of increased sales taxes, subventions, and other taxes to help fund these governmental services. (Ibid.) 2. Findings The following measures will reduce service-related impacts to below a level of significance: 11-1 Prior to the issuance of building permits for each phase, the developer and/or individual homebuilders shall pay all legally established public service fees, including police, fire, schools, parks, and libraries to the affected public agencies as stipulated in the Development Agreement. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Building and Safety Department. (Final EER, p. 183.) 11-2 Prior to the issuance of building permits for each phase, the developer and/or individual homebuilders shall comply with all design requirements of affected public agencies such as police, fire, health, etc. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department. Ibid.) 11-3 Prior to the issuance of building permits for each phase, the applicant shall obtain approval of the Fire Department with regard to determination of adequate fire flow and installation of acceptable fire resistant structural materials in project buildings. (Rid.) 11-4 Prior to the issuance of occupancy permits for each phase, the applicant shall pay all legally established impact fees to the Etiwanda School District and the Chaffey Joint Union High School District in accordance with state law. Proof of such payment shall be submitted to City Building and Safety Department. (Ibid.) 11-5 Prior to recordation for each phase, the developer shall post a bond in an amount to be determined by the City Engineering Department to ensure installation and maintenance of all public and private roads and drainage facilities necessary for each phase of the project. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer. (Ibid.) 3. Supporting Explanation Project impacts related to services will be mitigated primarily by the payment of all legally established public service fees prior to the issuance of the building permits, pursuant to 36 the terms of the Project's Development Agreement and mitigation measure 11-1. (Final EIR, p. 183.) The Project will also provide for new roads to the Project site and will contribute funding toward improvements and signalizations in surrounding area, which will help improve fire safety to the area. (Final EIR, p. 179.) In addition, the Project will follow requirements from the Rancho Cucamonga Fire Protection District related to water supply, access, and fuel modification plans and landscape design. (Final EIR, p. 178.) Currently, the response time from the Rancho Cucamonga Fire Protection District to the Project area is five minutes ninety percent of the time. (Final EIR, p. 175.) Fire Station 176 is currently a proposed station in the Project area , however, a temporary station has already been constructed and is operating at the CCWD facility on Etiwanda Avenue (Ibid.) This station's long-term funding and operations are conditioned upon construction of a certain number of residential dwellings. (Ibid.) As residents from this Project are added to the City, and other residents from any future projects in this area are also added, this new station should become permanent, improving already excellent response times. (Ibid.) As a condition of approval, the Project developer will be required to participate in the funding of Fire Station 176 as deemed appropriate by the City's Planning Director. Not only will the Project meet all required State, County and City standards for fire safe construction, mitigation measure 11-3 requires the Project developer will meet with the Fire Department prior to construction so as to ensure adequate fire flow and installation of acceptable fire resistant structural materials in Project buildings. (Final EIR, p. 183.) With payment of all required fees relating to payment for fire services, the Project impacts related to fire protection are less than significant. (Ibid.) Current enrollment at all of the schools serving the Project site are at or over their current capacities. (Final EIR, p. 179.) Typically this would be considered a significant impact, however, recent changes in school financing laws indicate that payment of state-mandated developer impact fees represent full and complete mitigation under CEQA, regardless of the enrollment conditions of the affected schools. (Final EIR, p. 179.) Mitigation measures 11-1 and 11-4 require such fees. (Final EIR, p. 183.) Therefore, payment of school fees to schools serving the Project site will mitigate impacts to a less than significant level. (Ibid.) With implementation of the Project as proposed, including standard conditions, uniform codes, payment of impact fees for all other potential impacts to public services, and the above mitigation measures, the Project will not result in any significant impacts to public services, including fire safety and schools. (Final EIR, p. 183.) Further, the Project is consistent with all applicable provisions of the City's General Plan relating to public services. (Final EIR, pp. 180- 181.) 4. Cumulative Impacts The County Sheriff's office has indicated that it has adequate facilities and staffing to accommodate the project and continued growth in the area. (Final EIR, p. 225) The Project will also be required to pay its share of impact fees. (Ibid.) As the area develops, the level of service 37 may decline, however, at this point in time, the project's impacts to police services are not cumulatively considerable. (Ibid.) The local fire authority has indicated that it has adequate facilities and staffing to accommodate the project and continued growth in the area. (Ibid.) New development, including the proposed Project, will be required to pay its fair share of fire impact fees. (Ibid.) Continued growth will put additional pressure on fire protection services by adding residents and structures to this area. I( bid.) However, it will also help reduce existing fire hazards in the area by improving roads, water service, and introducing projects that have adequate fire safety zones around them, such as is required for the proposed Project. (Ibid.) Therefore, the long-term impacts on fire services will not be cumulatively considerable. (lbid.) The Chaffey Joint Union High School District and the Etiwanda Elementary School District have indicated that they can accommodate students from the proposed Project. (Ibid.) The two school districts are also expecting enrollments to continue increasing and accommodating growth mainly by using portables (CJUHSD, 2000 and EESD, 2000). (mid.) At present, the payment of developer fees is considered adequate mitigation for individual project impacts under CEQA. I( bid.) However, these fees may be inadequate over the long term to fully mitigate cumulative impacts to schools, since no long-term funding mechanisms have been successfully established. (Ibid.) Based on this information, it can be reasonably concluded that growth could have cumulatively considerable impacts on school services, and the proposed Project will contribute incrementally to this impact. (Ibid.) With continued growth, developers will continue to pay their fair share of impact fees which will support public services for the area. As long as careful long-term planning, engineering and construction practices are employed, and later projects comply with the same local and regional plans, anticipated cumulative impacts related to public services will be effectively mitigated to less than significant levels. G. Utilities 1. Potential Significant Impact Water The Project site is currently undeveloped and does not consume any domestic water. (Final EIR, p. 184.) Based upon the Cucamonga County Water District Master Plan residential water consumption factor, (3,571.2 gallons per acre per day), the 168.8 acre-Project will require approximately 602,819 gallons of water per day. (Final EIR, p. 185.) Water will be provided via a 12-inch main, which was constructed in Etiwanda Avenue with the development of Tracts 14139 and 13527. (Ibid.) This main will provide water to the Project from an existing two million-gallon reservoir (Reservoir 5C). (Ibid.) Reservoir 5C, north of the Project, will provide storage and supply to the zone that serves the Project. (Ibid.) The reservoir is located approximately 1,000 feet north of the Project at an elevation of 2,090 feet. (Ibid.) However, as growth continues in the Project area, additional offsite water storage facilities will eventually be 38 required to serve water to the Project, and the Project's developer will be required, as a condition of approval, to participate in funding these improvements as necessary and as specified in Cucamonga County Water District's Master Plan. (Final EIR Supp., p. 12.) The Project engineer expects individual water pressure for the development to be in a range of 40 PSI (pounds per square inch) to 111 PSI. (Ibid.) Lots that exceed the 80-PSI standard will have pressure reducers to comply with building code regulations. I( bid.) Finally, fire flow hydrant demands are expected at 1,250 GPM with 20-PSI residual pressure. I( bid.) This will be accommodated by a dedicated interior looping water supply system (SE 2000). (Ibid.) Water supply facilities within the Project will be constructed and financed by the developer. (Final EIR, p. 186.) Because the backbone system is already in place, and no additional backbone construction is anticipated except for what has already been planned for according to Cucamonga County's Master Plan, this impact will be less than significant. (Ibid.) Furthermore, no new entitlements or resources are required for the Project. (Ibid.) Also, no significant Project-specific or cumulative impacts were identified. (Ibid.) The CCWD has issued a letter to the Applicant indicating "the District has adequate supply of water available to meet the needs of the development, including minimum fire flow requirement as established by the Rancho Cucamonga Fire District" (R. Silva, CCWD). (Ibid.) Sewer Based on the CCWD Master Plan and IEUA estimates, wastewater generation in the Project area is 270 gallons of wastewater per unit per day. (Ibid.) Therefore, the 265 residential units proposed in the Project will generate approximately 71,550 gallons of sewage per day (0.07 mgd). (Ibid.) In addition, the proposed Project will comply with all Regional Water Quality Control Board wastewater treatment requirements and will obtain Section 401 and Section 402 permits prior to Project construction. I( bid.) Presently, there are no existing trunk sewers in the Project area. I( bid.) A fifteen-inch sewer exists near the intersection of East Street and the I-15 Freeway. (Ibid.) To provide service, the developer will construct approximately 13,600 feet of off-site sewer main to the southeast corner of the Project. Ibid.) The Project's backbone sewer system will be constructed by the developer, but it is anticipated the developer will finance the system with a Mello-Roos assessment district (SE 2000). (Ibid.) In addition, the CCWD has issued a letter to the developer indicating "the existing sewer system and sewage treatment plant capacity to be adequate for this development" (R. Silva, CCWD, March 10, 1999). (Ibid.) Flood Control A drainage study (Appendix D) has been completed in coordination with the San Bernardino County Department of Transportation and Flood Control. (Ibid.) The study includes several flood control measures, which will be implemented as part of the Project. (Ibid.) Based on data from the Project hydrology study, the Project will not produce any significant impacts relative to flood control. (Ibid.) 39 Electricity Implementation for the proposed Project will result in the consumption of approximately 4,085 kilowatt-hours per day (kWh/day) or 1,491,023 kWh of electricity annually based on full occupancy. (Ibid.) Southern California Edison has indicated that they are able to provide service to the Project without significant impact and that they are ready to install electrical distribution facilities for the Project in accordance with applicable tariffs, rules, and authorizations (SCE, 2000, SCAQMD, 1993). (Ibid.) Natural Gas At build out, the Project will consume approximately 58,874 cubic feet per day of natural gas, assuming full occupancy. (Final EIR, p. 187.) Connecting gas service to the site may temporarily disrupt traffic or pedestrian access along Etiwanda and East Avenue. (Ibid.) This is not anticipated to produce any significant impacts with regard to natural gas service. (Ibid.) The existing gas line along Etiwanda Avenue will be protected in place (SCGC, 2000). I( bid.) Telephone Implementation of the proposed Project would require the installation of buried cables to serve new development. (Ibid.) No adverse impacts to telephone service would result from the Project implementation (Verizon, 2000). (Ibid.) Cable TV Implementation of the proposed Project would require the installation of buried cables to new developments. (Ibid.) No adverse impacts to cable service would result from Project implementation. (Ibid.) Growth and development in the area has been anticipated and has been planned for by Charter Communications (CC, 2000). (Ibid.) Solid Waste According to the website of the California Integrated Solid Waste Management Board, County residents generate an average of eight pounds of solid waste per person per day. (Ibid.) Since the Project is proposed to have 265 units with 861 new residents, the Project could generate as much as 6,888 pounds or 3.4 tons per day of solid waste. (Ibid.) According to San Bernardino County's Integrated Waste Management Plan, adequate capacity has been identified in the valley landfills to meet growth within the County Service Areas for the next five or more years. (Ibid.) In addition, the County has up to thirty years of additional landfill capacity available if the Mid-Valley facility is expanded as proposed. (Ibid.) The County has implemented recycling programs, as required by state law and the local Source Reduction and Recycling Element. (Ibid.) The Project will not produce any significant impacts related to solid waste based on available disposal capacity of County landfills. I( bid.) Since fees are collected for refuse collection services, increased service levels will be expanded and funded through user fees. (Ibid.) Therefore no significant impacts are anticipated with regard to solid waste collection or disposal. I( bid.) 40 2. Findings The following measures are proposed to ensure that service-related impacts remain below a level of significance: 12-1 Prior to the issuance of building permits for each phase, the applicant shall provide funding to the Cucamonga County Water District for sewer service. Additionally, the Cucamonga County Water District will be required to provide funds to the Inland Empire Utilities Agency for treatment of the project's wastewater. Proof of such payment shall be submitted to the City Building and Safety Department. (Final EIR, p. 190.) 12-2 Prior to the issuance of grading permits, development plans shall be provided to Southern California Edison, the Gas Company, and Verizon, as they become available in order to facilitate engineering, design and construction of improvements necessary to provide electrical, natural gas, and telephone service to the project site. This shall be done to the satisfaction of the City Engineer. .) 12-3 Prior to the issuance of building permits, the applicant shall apply for and obtain will- serve letters from SCE, SCGC, and Verizon and place them on file with the City Engineer. (Ibid.) 12-4 Prior to the issuance of building permits, the applicant shall comply with the guidelines provided by SCE, SCGC, and Verizon in regard to easement restrictions, construction guidelines, protection of pipeline easements, and potential amendments to right-of-way in the areas of any existing easements of these companies. This shall be done to the satisfaction of the City Engineer. (Ibid.) 3. Supportine Explanation Water will be provided from an existing reservoir and existing water line. (Final EIR, p. 185.) Because the Project's developer will be required to contribute to funding for the additional offsite physical facilities that will be needed to serve water to the Project and other adjacent development in the future, as previously identified in the Cucamonga County Water District's Master Plan, no significant impacts to water supply is anticipated. (Final EIR Supp., pp. 11-12.) Moreover, the Project does not reach the threshold under SB 221 that requires new developments over 500 units to demonstrate a reliable water supply for 20 years, nor does the water to be supplied to the Project represent 10 percent or more of Cucamonga Valley Water District's ("CVWD") annual water supply. (Final EIR, p. 186.) Southern California Edison has indicated that they are able to provide service to the Project without significant impact and that they are ready to install any needed distribution facilities. (Final EIR, p. 189; see also Energy and Mineral Resources.) No adverse impacts are anticipated by telephone or cable providers as a result of the Project. (Final EIR, p. 190.) 41 While at present there are no existing trunk sewers in the Project area, the Project developer will form a Mello-Roos assessment district which may fund a sewer line to the Project. (Final EIR, p. 186.) A fifteen-inch sewer exists near the intersection of East Street and the I-15 Freeway. To provide service, the developer will construct approximately 13,600 feet of off-site sewer main to the southeast comer of the Project. The Project's backbone sewer system will be constructed by the developer (Ibid.) In addition, the CCWD has issued a letter to the developer indicating "the existing sewer system and sewage treatment plant capacity to be adequate for this development." (Ibid.) Adequate capacity has been identified in the valley landfills to meet growth within the County Service Area for the next five or more years. (Final EIR, p. 187.) With planned expansion and County waste reductions programs in place the Project will not produce any significant impacts related to solid waste. (Ibid.) Implementation of the Project will not result in the need for new utility systems, or substantial alterations to electric or natural gas systems. (Final EIR, p. 186-187.) With implementation of the Project as proposed, including standard conditions, uniform codes, and mitigation measures, the Project will not result in any significant utility impacts. (Final EIR, p. 190.) 4. Cumulative Impacts The North Etiwanda communities are served by a variety of public and private water purveyors and suppliers. (Final EIR, p. 225-226.) Many residents are on local wells while others have piped water. (Ibid.) Continued growth will require expansion of existing water systems and additional hook-ups. (Ibid.) There should be no significant short-term impacts as long as water lines are extended or wells installed as needed. I( bid.) However, there may be significant cumulative impacts if more wells are installed and more groundwater is removed than can be sustained by the local aquifers. (Ibid.) In addition, new growth will undoubtedly require more dependence on imported water from northern California. (Ibid.) The proposed Project will contribute incrementally to these water-related impacts. Most of the Etiwanda community is served by sewer systems, while many areas throughout the foothills still use septic tanks or holding systems. (Ibid.) Given the cost and difficulty of installing a piped network, it is unlikely that all residences in foothill areas will be fully sewered anytime in the foreseeable future. (Ibid.) This does not represent a significant impact in itself, as long as overall development densities remain low so septic systems do not overload the local soils and impact the groundwater. (Ibid.) While the continued use of septic systems may have a cumulatively considerable impact on the area, the proposed Project will have a piped sewer system and so will not contribute significantly to this potential impact. (Ibid.) Much of the East Etiwanda Creek area presently does not have improved flood control structures but rather depends on local topography and natural drainages to convey runoff. (Ibid.) At present, there are no major flooding threats identified in the Project area, although many areas suffer from short-term flooding or inundation during heavy storms or snowmelt. (Ibid.) While the area may continue to have considerable flooding impacts, the proposed Project will not 42 contribute significantly to this impact since it will be required to mitigate its projected-related drainage impacts as part of its development approval, and the improvements needed to mitigate those impacts are part of a regional drainage system eventually planned for this area. (Ibid.) Continued growth will require additional electric and natural gas hook-ups throughout the Etiwanda community. (Ibid.) No major impacts to energy resources are expected to occur as a result of continued growth, and thus the Project's impacts on energy resources will not be cumulatively considerable. (Ibid.) As long as careful long-term planning, engineering and construction practices are employed, and future development continue to comply with local and regional plans and fee obligations, anticipated cumulative impacts related to all utilities, including water, cumulative impacts will remain less than significant levels. (Final EIR, pp. 226-227, 228.) H. Cultural Resources Two cultural resources inventory reports were completed for this Project site. The first report was prepared by the Chambers Group in June of 1998 (Chambers 1998). (Final EIR, p. 202.) The second study was prepared by the Thomas Leslie Corporation (TLC) in June of 2000. I( bid.) These documents were prepared to identify and assess the significance of prehistoric and/or historic cultural resources, which may exist on the subject site. (Ibid.) TLC also reviewed the Chambers report, which included data on recorded site CA-SBR-313H. I( bid.) Copies of these reports are included in Appendix G. (Ibid.) 1. Potentially Significant Impacts Paleontological Resources The research conducted for this Project indicates that the major portion of rocks underlying the Project property likely have a "Low Paleontological Sensitivity." (Final EIR, p. 202, 204.) Further, the geotechnical study of the property indicated that most of the strata contain sedimentary and alluvial deposits that are not known to yield vertebrate fossils. (Ibid.) According to the Rancho Etiwanda Planned Unit Development EIR, a fossil horse skull was identified approximately a mile northwest of the Project site. (Ibid.)This specimen was removed from the site and it is presently on display at the San Bernardino County Museum. strata contain sedimentary and alluvial deposits that are not known to yield vertebrate fossils. (Ibid.) It is not known if the formation, in which the skull was found, will produce additional fossil resources, though because of the soil structure such additional fossil resources are unlikely, though possible. (Ibid.) No other fossils or paleontological resources, however, have been recorded or discovered on this Project site (MBA, 1988). (Ibid.) Further, the records search for the Project concluded that no additional sites have been recorded within a mile of the site (CG12, 1998). (Ibid.) Archeological/Historical Resources One historic archeological site was previously recorded on the property, CA-SBR-3131H. (Final EIR, p. 204.) This prior survey found what appeared to be the remains of a construction 43 camp used by the Etiwanda Water Company in the 1880's. (Ibid.) Its structure consists of rock walls, hand-forged metal barrel hoops and nails, barbed wire, and glass fragments. (Ibid.) This archeological resource was previously deemed potentially eligible for the California Register of Historic Resources. (Ibid.) The record search conducted for this Project recommended that an archeological test program be performed within the identified site area. (Ibid.) Historical research was also recommended to provide a context for the material remains found at the site. (Ibid.) It was recommended that the test program and the historical research should be used to evaluate the site's eligibility for the California Register of Historical Resources. If the site was determined eligible, a data recovery program was determined to be necessary. (Ibid.) 2. Findings The following measures have been selected from the City's standard mitigation measures and are proposed to ensure that potential impacts to cultural resources are below a level of significance: 14-1 A qualified paleontologist shall conduct a preconstruction field survey of the Project site. The paleontologist shall submit a report of findings that will also provide specific recommendations regarding further mitigation measures (i.e.,paleontological monitoring) that may be appropriate. Where mitigation monitoring is appropriate, the program must include, but not be limited to, the following measures: (Final EIR, p. 207.) • Assign a paleontological monitor, trained and equipped to allow the rapid removal of fossils with minimal construction delay, to the site full-time during the interval of earth-disturbing activities; • Should fossils be found within an area being cleared or graded, divert earth- disturbing activities elsewhere until the monitor has completed salvage. If construction personnel make the discovery, the grading contractor should immediately divert construction and notify the monitor of the find; and • Submit summary report to the City. Transfer collected specimens with a copy of the report to San Bernardino County Museum. 14-2 If any prehistoric archaeological resources are encountered before or during grading, the developer will retain a qualified archaeologist to monitor construction activities, to take appropriate measures to protect or preserve them for study. With the assistance of the archaeologist, the City will: (Ibid.) • Enact interim measures to protect undesignated sites from demolition or significant modification without an opportunity for the City to establish its archaeological value; • Consider establishing provisions to require incorporation of archaeological sites within new developments, using their special qualities as a theme or focal point; 44 • Pursue educating the public about the area's archaeological heritage; • Propose mitigation measures and recommend conditions of approval to eliminate adverse Project effects on significant, important, and unique prehistoric resources, following appropriate CEQA guidelines; • Prepare a technical resources management report, documenting the inventory, evaluation, and proposed mitigation of resources within the Project area. Submit 1 one copy of the completed report with original illustrations, to the San Bernardino County Archaeological Information Center for permanent archiving; and • If artifacts of Native American origin are discovered, official representatives of the Native American group will be consulted to determine the most appropriate disposition of the artifacts, to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department in agreement with County Museum and the Native American group. 3. Supporting Explanation Adverse paleontological impacts are not anticipated because the sedimentary and alluvial deposits on the Project site are not known to yield vertebrate fossils. (Final EIR, p. 204.) However, if any paleontological resources are found during grading or construction, mitigation measure 14-1 ensures that the resources will be properly excavated, preserved, and transferred to the San Bernardino County Museum. (Final EIR, p. 207.) In June of 2000, the Thomas Leslie Corporation (TLC) evaluated the site pursuant to thresholds contained in the California Register of Historic Resources and the National Register of Historic Places. (Final EIR, p. 204.)The TLC concluded that the site CA-SBR-3131H was not the location of the Chinese labor camp as previously indicated. bid.) It is believed that the site once served a more utilitarian purpose as a stock pen or corral. (Ibid.) Therefore, CA-SBR- 3131H was determined by the TLC to represent an insignificant resource and lacks sufficient merit for consideration in the California Register of Historic Resources and the National Register of Historic Places. (Ibid.) Work will be halted in the event that human remains are discovered during excavation. (Final EIR, p. 206.) In addition, mitigation measure 14-1 and 14-2 requires the presence of paleontological and archeological monitors onsite during grading. (Final EIR, pp. 207-208.) These monitors have the authority to stop grading in the event that fossils or artifacts are found so that they will be conserved. (Ibid.) Mitigation measure 14-2 also requires that if artifacts of Native American origin are discovered, official representatives of the Native American group will be consulted to determine the most appropriate disposition of the artifacts. (Ibid.) 45 Therefore, with implementation of the above mitigation measures, the Project will not have significant impacts on paleontological, archaeological or historical resources. (Final EIR, p. 208.) 4. Cumulative Impacts Development of the area could impact archaeological and/or paleontological resources because excavation activities will disturb native soils. (Final EIR, p. 2.) It is possible the area contains undiscovered archaeological, paleontological, or historical resources. I( bid.) As long as qualified personnel are retained to conduct surveys of land to be developed, and are retained to be,present during grading of approved developments, potential impacts to these resources will not be cumulatively considerable. (Ibid.) Therefore, cumulative impacts to Cultural Resources from Project development are considered less than significant. VI. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS NOT FULLY MITIGATED TO A LEVEL OF LESS THAN SIGNIFICANT The City hereby finds that, despite the incorporation of mitigation measures outlined in the Final EIR and herein, the following impacts cannot be fully mitigated to a less than significant level: Project level (i.e., direct) and cumulative impacts to Air Quality, Biological Resources and Aesthetics. In accordance with State CEQA Guidelines section 15092(b)(2), the City cannot approve the Project unless it first finds: (1) under Public Utilities Code section 21081(a)(3) and State CEQA Guidelines section 15091(a)(3), that specific economic, legal, social, technological, or other considerations make infeasible the mitigation measures or Project alternatives identified in the Final EIR, and (2) under State CEQA Guidelines section 15092(b)(2)(B), that the Project benefits outweigh the remaining significant effects and are therefore acceptable pursuant to State CEQA Guidelines section 15093. A. Air Quality 1. Significant Unavoidable Effects Short-Term (Construction) Impacts The Air Quality Impact Analysis, conducted by Synectecology and the Chambers Group Inc., dated March 28, 2000 and included in its entirety in Appendix F of the Final EIR ("Chambers Group study"), is based upon appropriate methodologies, as established in the South Coast Air Quality Management District's ("SCAQMD") CEQA Handbook. (Final EIR, p. 107.) The Project site consists of 168.8 total acres, however, only about 107 acres would be disturbed (i.e., graded) for the proposed residential development. (Final EIR, p. 113.) Dust 46 emissions were calculated by the Chambers Group study based on a worst case assumption of 10 acres being disturbed on any given day, which would generate as much as 550 pounds per day of PM10 (10 acres times 55 pounds/day). (Ibid.) However, implementation of a typical dust control program, as recommended by the SCAQMD, could reduce these emissions to 275 pounds per day (i.e., 50 percent). I( bid.) Even with this level of reduction, however, Project grading would still exceed the maximum daily PM10 emission threshold of 150 pounds per day according to the SCAQMD CEQA Handbook PM10 Significance Thresholds. (Ibid.) Construction activities will also generate evaporative emissions of volatile organic compounds ("VOC") from paints, solvents, asphalt, roofing tar and other coatings. I( bid.) The volatility of the materials used in asphalt is regulated by SCAQMD rules, as are paints and solvents. (Ibid.) Even water-based paint, however, still contains a high percentage of VOCs such that paint and other architectural coatings are the primary source of construction-related VOC emissions. (Ibid.) For the purposes of this "worst case" analysis, it is assumed that standard water-based materials will be used for this Project. (Ibid.) Typical water-based paints contain around two pounds of VOC per gallon of paint (SCAQMD CEQA Handbook, Table A9- 13-C). (Ibid.) If painting one home requires 20 gallons of paint, about 40 pounds of VOCs will be released per house painted (inside and out). Q?id.) Painting more than two homes per day would cause the SCAQMD threshold of 75 pounds per day of VOCs to be exceeded. (Ibid.) Exhaust emissions would result from on and off-site heavy equipment. (Final EIR, p. 114.) The types and numbers of equipment are expected to vary among contractors, therefore emissions could not be quantified by the Chambers Group study with certainty. (Ibid.) However, typical emission rates for a single diesel powered scraper were obtained from the SCAQMD CEQA Handbook and are provided in Table 9-4 of the Final EIR, Typical Construction Equipment Emissions. (Ibid.) Diesel scrapers are the most common equipment used.for grading activities. (Ibid.) A Project will likely utilize ten to twenty pieces of heavy equipment at any one time during mass grading operations. (Ibid.) Assuming that ten pieces of heavy equipment were operated an average of eight hours per day, the emissions anticipated are also shown on Table 9-4 of the Final EIR, Typical Construction Equipment Emissions. (Ibid.) Of the five types of air pollutants listed in Table 9-4 of the Final EIR, only Nitrogen Oxides and Reactive Organic Compounds ("ROC") would exceed the SCAQMD-established threshold of significance during construction operations. (Ibid.) To summarize, according to the Chambers Group Study air quality analysis, the Project will produce significant emissions of NO, and Reactive Organic Compounds ("ROC") during construction because of exhaust from on and off-site heavy equipment. (Ibid.) Additionally, unless fewer than two homes are painted on any given day, or the average daily consumption of paint is limited to 37.5 gallons per day, VOC emissions will exceed SCAQMD significance levels. (Ibid.) Finally, particulates produced from Project grading, even with mitigation, may still exceed the maximum daily PMio emission threshold of 150 pounds per day according to the SCAQMD CEQA Handbook PM10 Significance Thresholds. (Ibid.) 47 Long-Term (Operational) Impacts The greatest Project-related air quality concern centers on the 2,536 external vehicle trips that would be generated at Project completion. (Final EIR, p. 116.) Typical San Bernardino County residential trip lengths average about 10 miles, so the additional 25,360 vehicle miles traveled from Project traffic would produce additional air quality impacts. (Ibid.) Together with stationary emissions from power plants, and comparable facilities, the proposed Project will generate 436 pounds per day of CO, NOx, ROG, and PM10 at build out. (Ibid.) According to the SCAQMD CEQA Handbook, the Project would exceed applicable NOx and PMio standards for significance for the Project's Long-Term (Operational) Impacts. (Ibid.) Secondary impact potential would derive from energy consumption in power plants or on-site heaters, stoves, water heaters, and similarly consumptive appliances. I( bid.) General development also creates miscellaneous emissions from a variety of sources, such as cleaning products, landscaping equipment, and fireplaces, which contribute to off-site emissions. (Ibid.) Sensitive Receptors Certain groups of people, such as the elderly, young children, hospital patients, are especially sensitive to air pollutant health effects. (Final EIR, p. 118.) The SCAQMD requires an analysis of potential impacts to any nearby land uses that contain these "sensitive receptors." (Ibid.) Of particular concern are unusually high concentrations of CO called "hot spots." (Ibid.) Etiwanda Intermediate School is a sensitive receptor located approximately 1.4 miles south of the Project site. (Ibid.) The exhaust emissions generated by the proposed Project traffic may impact this school due to its proximity to travel routes. (Final EIR, p. 119.) Therefore, a "hot spot" analysis was conducted for the Chambers Group study near intersections where Project vehicles might cause extended traffic congestion and have a potential to create pockets of toxic gases such as CO. I( bid.) A "hot spot" analysis concluded that projected concentrations of CO at Etiwanda Avenue and Highland Avenue would be significant until this intersection is fully signalized. (Ibid.) Further, the 5.81 acres of park facilities and 2.71 acres of open space planned for the Project, plus the network of trials to be developed by the City, are places where sensitive receptors could be located. 2. Findings The following mitigation measures will reduce impacts to air quality to the extent feasible: Short-Term (Construction) Impacts 6-1 During construction, all construction equipment shall be maintained in good operating condition so as to reduce operational emissions. Contractor shall ensure that all construction equipment is being properly serviced and maintained as per manufacturers' specifications. Maintenance records shall be available at the construction site for City verification. (Final EIR, p. 123.) 48 6-2 Prior to the issuance of any grading permits, developer shall submit construction plans to City denoting the proposed schedule and projected equipment use. Construction contractors shall provide evidence that low emission mobile construction equipment will be utilized, or that their use was investigated and found to be infeasible for the Project. Contractors shall also conform to any construction measures imposed by the South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) as well as City Planning Staff. (Ibid.) 6-3 During construction, all paints and coatings shall meet or exceed performance standards noted in SCAQMD Rule 1113. Paints and coatings shall be applied either by hand or high volume, low-pressure spray, to the satisfaction of the City Inspectors. (Ibid.) 6-4 During construction, all asphalt shall meet or exceed performance standards noted in SCAQMD Rule 1108, to the satisfaction of the City Inspectors. bid.) 6-5 During grading and construction, the prime contractor shall post signs requiring that trucks shall not be left idling for prolonged periods (i.e., in excess of 10 minutes). (Ibid.) 6-6 During construction, all construction equipment shall comply with SCAQMD Rules 402 and 403, to the satisfaction of the City Inspectors. Additionally, contractors shall include the following provisions: (Ibid.) • Reestablish ground cover on the construction site through seeding and watering; • Pave or apply gravel to any on-site haul roads; • Phase grading to prevent the susceptibility of large areas to erosion over extended periods of time; • Schedule activities to minimize the amounts of exposed excavated soil during and after the end of work periods; • Dispose of surplus excavated material in accordance with local ordinances and use sound engineering practices; • Sweep streets according to a schedule established by the City if silt is carried over to adjacent public thoroughfares or occurs as a result of hauling. Timing may vary depending upon time of year of construction; • Suspend grading operations during high winds (i.e., wind speeds exceeding 25 mph) in accordance with Rule 403 requirements; and • Maintain a minimum 24-inch freeboard ratio on soils haul trucks or cover payloads using tarps or other suitable means. 49 6-7 During grading, the site shall be treated with water or other soil-stabilizing agent (approved by SCAQMD and Regional Water Quality Control Board [RWQCB]) daily to reduce PM10 emissions, in accordance with SCAQMD Rule 403. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Inspectors. (Final EIR, p. 124.) 6-8 Chemical soil stabilizers (approved by SCAQMD and RWQCB) shall be applied to all inactive construction areas that remain inactive for 96 hours or more to reduce PM]o emissions. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Inspectors. (Ibid.) 6-9 During construction, contractors shall utilize electric or clean alternative fuel powered equipment where feasible. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Inspectors. (Ibid.) 6-10 During construction, contractors shall ensure that construction and grading plans include a statement that work crews will shut off equipment when not in use. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Inspectors. (Ibid.) Note: Short-Term (Construction) Air Quality impacts will also be mitigated by the measures established in Transportation and Circulation,including mitigation measure 5-7 and Earth Resources, including mitigation measure 3-4. I( bid.) Long-Term (Operational) Impacts 6-11 Prior to approval of building permits, the developer shall demonstrate that all residential structures have incorporated high-efficiency/low-polluting heating, air conditioning, appliances and water heaters. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Building Official. (Ibid.) 6-12 Prior to approval of building permits, the developer shall demonstrate that all residential structures have incorporated thermal pane windows and weather-stripping. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Building Official. (Ibid.) 6-13 Prior to the issuance of building permits, the developer shall submit and obtain approval of a plan for the provision of adequate pedestrian and bicycle facilities for Project residents throughout the Project. The plan shall detail the construction timing for bike racks at the two parks, sidewalks, and trails based upon completion prior to occupancy of the first unit of the subject phase. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department. (Ibid.) 50 6-14 Prior to the issuance of the first occupancy permit, the applicant shall make a fair share contribution to a park and ride facility along the I-15 or I-10 Freeways that would serve Project residents. The fair share calculation shall be determined to the satisfaction of City Engineer. The applicant shall place the appropriate funds in a special account for such purposes. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer. (Ibid.) 6-15 Prior to issuance of the first occupancy permit, the applicant shall provide a bus stop/shelter at the trailhead park to OmmTrans standards if so directed by OmniTrans, and to the satisfaction of the City Engineer. (Final EIR, p. 125.) Note: Mitigation Measure 5-2 in Transportation and Circulation addresses potential public transit improvements to help mitigate potential traffic impacts, and would also help reduce potential air quality impacts. (Ibid.) 3. Supporting Explanation Short-Term (Construction) Impacts Construction activity emissions are generally difficult to quantify because the exact type and amount of equipment that will used or the acreage that may be disturbed on any given day is not known with any reasonable certainty. (Final EIR, p. 121.) Here, the custom orientation of the Project should spread construction (and thus construction-related emissions) over a longer period of time than would be the case for similar sized projects who construct all residences at the same time as part of a single tract development. (Final EIR, p. 123.) The emissions which do result from construction activities will be minimized as fully as possible through the comprehensive mitigation as set forth above and in the Final EIR. Based on the SCAQMD CEQA Handbook, these proposed mitigation measures should reduce projected emissions overall by approximately twenty percent. (Final EIR, p. 125.) Specifically, mitigation measures 6-1, 6-2, 6-5, 6-9 and 6-10 will ensure that criteria emissions from construction and grading equipment will be limited to the greatest extent feasible by only allowing properly tuned and serviced equipment to operate on the Project site. (Final EIR, pp. 123-124.) Further, these mitigation measures require a preference for low-emission vehicles, and require that all vehicles operate in a manner that prevents unnecessary exhaust and idling. The Chambers Group study does indicate that these mitigation measures should reduce projected ROC emissions from 2.89 tons per quarter to 2.3 tons per quarter, which is less than the SCAQMD's significance threshold for ROC (2.5 tons per quarter). (Final EIR, p. 125.) However, ROC emissions will still exceed significance thresholds if more than two houses are painted on a single day. (Final EIR, p. 113.) This conclusion remains the same no matter if the URBEMIS 2002 or the URBEMIS 7G model is used to calculate emissions significance. (Final EIR Supp., p. 25-26.) Mitigation measures 6-6, 6-7 and 6-8 (plus mitigation measures established in Transportation and Circulation, including mitigation measure 5-7 and Earth Resources mitigation measures 3-4), will require PMio emissions to be reduced to the greatest extent feasible by restricting the ability of dust and dirt to escape the Project site. (Final EIR, pp. 123-124.) 51 However, even with this mitigation, the PMio emissions during construction and particularly during grading activities, will likely exceed SCAQMD significance thresholds. (Final EIR, p. 113.) Further, these mitigation measures will not reduce construction-related NOx emissions to less than significant levels. (Final EIR, p. 125.) Thus, despite the City's and the Project developer's best efforts, according to the SCAQMD's CEQA Guidebook the numbers of heavy equipment anticipated to be needed to grade and prepare the Project site for construction, plus certain construction activities such as applying paint, will result in emissions that exceed the threshold standard for these specified criteria pollutants on a short-term basis. Again, this conclusion remains the same no matter if the URBEMIS 2002 or the URBEMIS 7G model is used to calculate emissions significance. (Final EIR Supp., p. 25-26.) Long-Term (Operational Effects) The Long-Term (Operational Effects) of the Project are primarily related to the operation of vehicles by Project residents. (Final EIR, p. 116.) Implementation of mitigation measure 6-13 related to pedestrian and bicycle facilities, mitigation measure 6-14 related to park and ride facilities, and mitigation measure 6-15 related to bus shelters will encourage residents to engage in activities that reduce vehicle trips. (Final EIR, pp. 124-125.) However, even with implementation of these measures, vehicle trips will still produce significant long-term air quality impacts because daily emission levels for NOx and ROG remain significant under the standards established by the SCAQMD. (Final EIR, p. 125.) This significance conclusion remains the same despite the use of the URBEMIS 7G model for evaluating potential impacts rather than the URBEMIS 2002 model. (Final EIR Supp., p. 25.) As noted in the responses to the comments submitted by the SCAQMD, the emissions factors for the newer URBEMIS 2002 model are higher than those in the URBEMIS 7G. (Ibid.) As such, Project emissions will still exceed SCAQMD significance thresholds for those specified pollutants that already exceed thresholds, no matter which modeling program is utilized. Moreover, those pollutants that do not exceed thresholds under the URBEMIS 7G study would not now exceed these thresholds or become significant. The Project's transportation consultants have indicated that there are few, if any, effective mitigation measures available to reduce operational emissions for NOx and ROG. (Final EIR, p. 125.) As such, even if the Project's traffic consultant used the URBEMIS 2002 model, the mitigation proposed and adopted (as well as the significance conclusions) would have remained exactly the same. Therefore operation-related emissions were properly analyzed, but do remain a significant air quality impact. I( bid.) Because the Chamber's Group study concluded that the traffic generated by the proposed Project will result in a significant impact to air quality, a South Coast Air Quality Management Plan ("SCAQMP") Consistency determination is necessary. (Final EIR, p. 118.) The SCAQMD recognizes two key indicators of consistency relative to the determination by the SCAQMP. (Ibid.) The first indicator is whether the project would result in an increase in frequency or sensitivity or existing air quality violations, or cause or contribute to new violations. Ibid.) These criteria are also reached if the action would delay timely attainment of air quality standards, or the interim emissions reductions specified in the SCAQMP. I( bid.) The second indicator is whether the Project will exceed the assumptions in the SCAQMP in the year 2010 or increments based on the year of Project build out. (Ibid.) As documented by the Chamber's Group study, development and operation of the Project will be consistent with the SCAQMP. 52 Since development of the Project site, with appropriate minor adjustments related to allowable project density, is already be consistent with the General Plan and the ENSP in that these documents both recognized that residential development was to occur on the Project site, the consistency analysis has already been completed by the SCAQMD. That is, when the City's General Plan and the ENSP were approved, the development anticipated by these documents was determined to be consistent with the SCAQMP. (Ibid.) Moreover, this consistency with the SCAQMP is demonstrated by the Project's consistency with other applicable portions of the City's General Plan. Chapter 5 of the City's General Plan, "Maintaining Public Health and Safety," the City's actions to improve air quality are integrated with other related regional and local programs, such as the SCAQMP and the Congestion Management Plan ("CMP"). (Final EIR, p. 119.) Here, as noted by the Final EIR, the Project is consistent with the County's CMP, and the Project is specifically being analyzed pursuant to the requirements SCAQMP. (Ibid.) Further, the City's General Plan also provides that the City will promote non-motorized transportation. (Ibid.) Since the Project contains multi-use trails that will encourage non- motorized access to the Project, the Project is consistent with this air quality policy of the General Plan. (Ibid.) Sensitive Receptors The improvements that have taken place to the Etiwanda Avenue and Highland Avenue intersection as part of the extension of the I-210 freeway have reduced the CO concentrations to below a level of significance. (Final EIR Supp., p. 26.) Further, the active portions of the recreational areas and the park site, such as the athletic playing fields, as designed will be located far enough away from "the Lower Crest Collector" to effectively minimize exposure to sensitive receptors and prevent a significant impact. Parking facilities will be located adjacent to the recreational facilities and would serve as a buffer from vehicular traffic and emissions. 4. Cumulative Impacts Construction of development projects in the area will have cumulative air quality impacts. (Final EIR, p. 222.) Air quality will be temporarily degraded during construction that will occur separately and simultaneously. .) However, the greatest cumulative impact on regional air quality will be the addition of incremental pollutants from increased traffic and vehicular emissions in the area and increased energy consumption from the planned projects. (Ibid.) This will be a significant air quality impact both on a project level and on a regional basis. (Ibid.)Ultimate development of the area will generate thousands of additional trips per day based on standard trip generation conditions (see Section 3.6, Air Quality). Assuming an anticipated generation of 2,956 daily vehicle trips at buildout, area development will eventually produce air pollutants close to SCAQMD thresholds. (Ibid.) The Chambers Group estimates that continued growth would produce incremental but cumulatively considerable amounts of additional air pollutants from increased traffic, mainly NOx and ROG. (Ibid.) This will be the eventual result of cumulative residential, commercial, and industrial development in the community. (Ibid.) The traffic and the air quality analyses include cumulative CO levels and the Project itself does not present a cumulative impact. (Ibid.) 53 Even with implementation of the Project as proposed, including standard conditions, uniform codes, Project design features and the above mitigation measures, the Project will produce significant short-term air quality impacts from ROG emissions, and significant long- term air quality impacts from NOx and ROG/ROC emissions. (Final EIR, p. 125.) In addition, the Project will incrementally contribute to cumulatively considerable air quality impacts from development of the Etiwanda area. (Ibid.) The emissions in excess of SCAQMD significance thresholds, in particular, represent a significant Project impact. (Ibid.) B. Biological Resources 1. Significant Unavoidable Effects Vegetation The Project site encompasses 168.8 acres in a portion of the Etiwanda Creek watershed known as the Etiwanda Alluvial Fan. (Final EIR, p. 126.) The biological studies for the Project, conducted by The Chambers Group ("rCG") from 1998 through 2000 with updated gnatcatcher surveys in 2002, determined that the development of the Project site will eliminate approximately 109 acres of sage scrub that is "strongly denominated by white sage..." TCG's studies also indicate that the Project site also included California sagebrush, California buckwheat, California filago, valley lessingia, popcorn flower, and common phacelia. (Final EIR, p. 127.)That is, though white sage (Salvia apiana) predominates the Project site, other sage scrub species was found sporadically throughout the Project site. In addition, non-native (invasive) annual grasses such as wild oat and red brome were common onsite. fflli�d., a complete list of plant species present onsite is attached to the Final EIR as Appendix G.) The Final EIR then concluded that the TCG referred to the sage scrub vegetation on the Project site as "white sage series" because it is largely monotypic and dominated by this one upland scrub indicator species. (Final EIR, p. 127.) Therefore, the Draft EIR concluded this vegetation to be distinct and less diverse collection of habitat than high-quality RAFSS, which is typically composed of a more diverse collection of sage scrubs and other plants, and that the high concentration of white sage scrub onsite indicates that the sage scrub on the Project site and could be properly classified as white sage series or as Riversidian Upland Sage Scrub ("RUSS") according to Holland's 1986. (Final EIR, p. 127.) A joint comment letter received from the USFWS and DFG argues that the Project site itself, as well as the entire Etiwanda fan, still contains an intact, biological significant, and viable stand of RAFSS, but did not indicate the basis for this conclusion. This comment letter also pointed out an apparent inconsistency between the labeling of the sage scrub onsite, as in some places the scrub is referred to as RAFSS, while the EIR document at one place argues that the sage scrub is Riversidian Upland Sage Scrub ("RUSS"). (Final EIR Supp., p. 4.) The term RAFSS is often used in a generic sense to refer to sage scrub located on an alluvial fan or historic alluvial fan along the south foothills of the San Gabriel Mountains. (Ibid.) That is, the term RAFSS is often and conveniently used to refer to the many kinds of vegetation throughout 54 an alluvial fan area. The Final EIR clarifies that it does appear that the sage scrub onsite, consisting of largely monotypic white sage series, is considered by many experts as a sub-group, or a variant of RAFSS, (Final EIR Supp., p. 4-6.) However, as noted by the April 12, 2004 study conducted by George Wirtes, no matter the technical classification given to the sage scrub, it continues to be the case that the habitat is dominated by white sage, including even after the November 2003 Grand Prix fire that left approximately 95% of the Project site burned. This study indicates that at as of April 14, 2004, approximately 85.9% of the species onsite are Salvia apiana. Although there is some ambiguity regarding the proper label for these related sage scrubs, the EIR does consistently describe the composition of the sage scrub onsite as being predominated by white sage, and that the loss of this habitat is a significant impact. The Final EIR also consistently indicates that the channelization of Day Creek years ago eliminated the sheet flow that historically scoured this area, and as such the sheet flows that are necessary to support a viable Riversidian Alluvial Fan Sage Scrub ("RAFSS") natural community over the long-term have been eliminated. (Final EIR, pp. 127, 128.) That is, while it appears to be true that the Project site is currently composed of sage scrub that is a sub-group or variant of RAFSS, the long-term lack of sheet flows on the Project site have severely limited the type of sage scrub that is viable. (Ibid.) The result is a largely monotypic stand of white sage scrub that could be further degrade over the years. The TCG study also noted that while a more diverse and vibrant RAFSS community also appears to occur in Etiwanda Creek east of the proposed development area, this community is topographically separated from the largely monotypic sage scrub on the Project site by an approximately 50-foot high embankment along the creek channel. (Final EIR, p. 128.) As a result, development of the Project will not significantly impact this apparently viable off-site RAFSS that does appear to be present in the general Project area. Though the EIR determines that although the sage scrub onsite does not have the same habitat value as undisturbed RAFSS, it is nonetheless valuable to a variety of animal species that have been found in or are believed to inhabit the North Etiwanda area, though at this point the site remains badly damaged by the wildfires. (Final EIR, p. 132.) Further, development of the Project site will likely impact (assuming the wildfires have not permanently destroyed these plants) the following sensitive plant species (see Table 3.7-1) and will require appropriate mitigation: 1) Plummer's mariposa lily (listed - federal Species of Special Concern) is found onsite; (Final EIR, p. 131.) 2) Pious daisy (not listed—CNPS List 1B) was found onsite in past, and site has suitable habitat; and (Ibid.) 3) Four spineflowers—Ramona, prostrate, California, and Parry's. All have moderate to high potential to occur onsite. Parry's is federal Species of Special Concern, the other three species considered sensitive by the California Native Plant Society. (Ibid.) 55 In addition, the listed Santa Ana River wooly star has the potential to exist in the Project area, but only in the Etiwanda Creek channel. (Final EIR, p. 130.) Again, the only disturbance to the Etiwanda Creek bank from the Project will be where the new storm drain line may tie, into the creek channel. Available data indicates that there will only be negligible impacts to the following sensitive plant species: Southern California black walnut; Parish's desert thorn; Laguna mountains jewel-flower; Johnston's buckwheat; lemon lily; Peirson's spring beauty; San Gabriel linanthus; Pringle's monardella; and California muhly grass. (Final EIR, p. 130.) These species were not observed and there is no suitable habitat onsite, therefore, they have little or no potential to occur onsite. (Ibid.) Wildlife Development of the Project site will remove habitat that supports a number of sensitive species that were either observed onsite or have a moderate to high potential to occur onsite, including: sharp-shinned hawk; Southern California rufous-crowned sparrow; red-shouldered hawk; white-tailed kite; northern harrier; Cooper's hawk; San Diego horned lizard; and orange- throated whiptail. (Final EIR, pp. 132-134.) The California gnatcatcher was not observed on-site and has a low probability of occurring on the site due to the type of vegetation present. (Ibid.) However, the species has been found in the general area of the Project site, and the Project site has been designated as critical habitat. (Final EIR, p. 142.) Previous sightings within the last few years have been made about half a mile west and north of the Project. (Ibid.) The Etiwanda Creek channel also contains suitable habitat for the San Bernardino kangaroo rat ("SBKR"). (Final EIR, 134.) In addition, the Etiwanda Creek area has been included in the critical habitat for this species, as designated by the USFWS. (Ibid.) However, since no channel improvements are currently proposed that would impact this habitat, the Project will not cause direct impacts to the SBKR. (Ibid.) However, revetment along the creek adjacent to the site is identified as an improvement planned at some point by the San Bernardino County Flood Control District. (Ibid.) Such activity in or along the channel could impact the SBKR if it is indeed present in this area. (Ibid.) The flood control channel along the north side of the Project will require a penetration of the west bank of the Etiwanda Creek, including an energy dissipater. (Final EIR Supp., p. 2.) Prior to construction, the area proposed for this work will have a protocol survey performed to assure there will be no impacts to SBKR. (Ibid.) If any impacts are identified, they will be mitigated at an appropriate ratio based on the number of individual SBKR and amount and quality of habitat affected. (Ibid.) Development of the site is not expected to impact the California mastiff bat or Nelson's bighorn sheep because they were not observed and there is no suitable habitat onsite, so there is little to no potential for them to utilize the Project site. (Final EIR, p. 134.) Specialized Wildlife Habitats The Project will not directly impact the Etiwanda creek channel, but the introduction of structures and humans in close proximity along the west bank of the creek may restrict wildlife 56 movement to the east bank of the creek. (Final EIR, p. 143.) However, as long as the eastern bank and streambed are not impacted by development, wildlife can continue to move through this area using the creek as a movement corridor. (Abid.) A wildlife corridor in the strict scientific sense is a specific route for migratory animals such as deer or elk. (Abid.) However, the common use of the word refers more to the general movement of wildlife, especially larger mammals such as deer and coyote, through an area with relatively undisturbed native vegetation. (Abid.) This movement may or may not follow specific routes, only some of which may be identified by biologists during typical field surveys. (Ibid.) While the Project site is not a wildlife corridor in the strict ecological sense, wildlife does tend to move through the area, including the Project site. I( bid.) Development of the site will also remove natural vegetation that provides foraging for raptoral birds and supports several sensitive or otherwise protected species. (Final EIR, p. 144.) Scrub-covered meadows and open land adjacent to taller structures (e.g., Edison power line towers and fences) provide opportunities for raptors to perch and forage along much of this foothill area. (Abid.) This loss may not be substantial on a Project level, but is likely significant on a cumulative basis unless sufficient land is preserved under the NEOSHPP program or as mitigation. (Ibid.) jurisdictional Land/Wetlands Development of the site will remove 0.48 acres of land in 4 small drainages that are under ACOE jurisdiction, although none of these areas are considered wetlands. (Final EIR, pp. 135-137, 144.) In addition, the 4 drainages contain 0.27 acres of land under CDF&G jurisdiction but only 0.01 acre (400 square feet along Drainage A) that supports riparian vegetation. (Ibid.) These 4 small drainages do not contain water except during storm activity and, therefore, no aquatic wildlife corridors will be affected. (Final EIR, p. 144.) A mitigation ratio of 1:1 has nevertheless been recommended to replace these losses. (Abid.) NEOSHPP/County General Plan The Project developer proposes no onsite preservation of open space lands to compensate for the loss of this land. (Final EAR, p. 144.) Therefore, the Project as proposed is not consistent with the goals of the NEOSHPP program. (Ibid.) Since a possible MSHCP for the County is not currently being pursued, the Project cannot be evaluated relative to consistency with a this non- existent conservation program. (Ibid.) State and Federal Regulations Development of the site may require subsequent permitting action through the United States Army Corps of Engineers (i.e., Section 404), which would trigger consultation with the USFWS due to this area being designated as critical habitat for the California gnatcatcher and the SBKR. A Section 1601/1603 Streambed Alteration Agreement with DFG could also be required for removal of the four small drainages onsite. (Final EIR, p. 145.) 57 2. Findings The following measures will reduce significant and potentially significant biological impacts of the Project to the greatest extent feasible: 7-1 If necessary, the applicant shall obtain the appropriate federal Clean Water Act ("CWA") Section 404 permit from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. If a permit is required, the applicant will mitigate any loss of jurisdictional land or wetland areas at a minimum 1:1 ratio, which is consistent with the Project delineation report. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department prior to the issuance of grading permits. (Final EIR, p. 148.) 7-2 Prior to the issuance of a grading permit, the applicant shall obtain a CWA Section 401 Certification from the Regional Water Quality Control Board, if necessary. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department prior to the issuance of grading permits. (Final EIR, p. 149.) 7-3 If necessary, the applicant shall obtain a Streambed Alteration Agreement ("SAA") from the California Department of Fish and Game. If an SAA is required, the applicant will mitigate any loss of jurisdictional land at a minimum 1:1 ratio as recommended by the Project biology report. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department prior to the issuance of grading permits. (B!W.) 7-4 Prior to the issuance of occupancy permits, all manufactured slopes on the periphery of the development shall be landscaped as approved by Planning staff. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planner, prior to the issuance of occupancy permits for the first unit in each phase. Prior to recordation of each phase, the phase map shall contain a note requiring this measure. (Ibid.) 7-5 Prior to issuance of a grading permit, the applicant shall acquire and convey to the County Special District OS-1 or other appropriate conservation organization 164 acres of land within or near the NEOSHPP area that supports alluvial fan sage scrub and/or upland sage scrub. This measure is proposed to mitigate the potential loss of habitat for sensitive plant and animal species, and the loss of raptor foraging land. This offsite mitigation land (OML) shall be of equal or greater habitat value than that of the project site. The identification and transfer of OML will be to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department, in accordance with the guidelines of the NEOSHPP. All reasonable efforts will be made to locate the OML within or near the NEOSHPP area. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department. I( bid; Final EIR Supp., p. 8.) 7-6 Prior to issuance of grading permits, a protocol gnatcatcher survey will be conducted. If any individuals or nesting pairs of birds are found onsite, the developer shall obtain appropriate take authorization and additional mitigation land shall be added to the amount of Offsite Mitigation Land (OML) described in Measure 10-5 according to the following minimum ratios: individual = 15 acres, nested pair = 30 acres. If gnatcatchers are found 58 onsite, an Incidental Take Permit would be required from the U.S. Fish and Wildilfe Service either by a Section 10(a)permit or through a Section 7 Consultation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department. (Ibid.) 7-7 Prior to the issuance of a grading permit, the developer shall conduct a protocol survey for the San Bernardino kangaroo rat (SBKR) and the Santa Ana wooly star within those areas of East Etiwanda Creek within 50 feet of the connection of the new northern drainage channel to the creek channel. This survey is to verify that these species do not occupy area to be disturbed by construction. If SBKR and/or Santa Ana wooly star are found to be present, the developer shall comply with applicable U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service requirements, which may include obtaining a federal Endangered Species Act Section 10(a) permit or a Section 7 Consultation. SBKR or wooly star habitat disturbed by construction will be mitigated at a minimum ratio of 2:1 subject to any subsequent USF&WS permit conditions and receipt or notification to the City Planning Department. (Ibid.) (Final EIR, p. 149.) 7-8 If grading of the site has not occurred before February 15 of 2005, protocol surveys for SBKR and gnatcatchers will be performed over the entire site, and each spring thereafter, until grading is completed. Any occupied habitat found during those surveys for either species will be added to the amount of offsite mitigation land required under the Final EIR. (Ibid.) (Final EIR Supp., p. 7.) 7-9 The developer will provide an appropriate contribution for the Project toward funding a local brown-headed cowbird trapping program to further benefit gnatcatchers in this area. The amount of this contribution, and the location of the trapping program, shall be determined by the City in consultation with DFG. The contribution shall be made prior to grading, to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department in consultation with the California Department of Fish and Game. (Ibid.) 7-10 Prior to issuance of grading permits, a qualified biologist shall conduct a survey for nesting birds on the site. Any occupied nest shall be avoided and separated by at least 200 feet from ground-disturbing activities. Nesting areas are to be marked by orange construction fencing. The biologist shall verify a nest has been abandoned prior to removing the fencing and commencing ground-disturbing activities in any of these areas. (Final EIR Supp, p. 8.) Note: Additional mitigation measures related to slope plantings, irrigation, and landscaping are located in Section 3.13.7, Aesthetics, Mitigation Measures. (Final EIR, p. 149.) 3. Supporting Explanation The Project's impact to biological resources due to the loss of habitat for sensitive plant and animal species, and the loss or raptor foraging land, will be greatly reduced by implementation of mitigation measure 7.5. This mitigation measure requires that the Applicant to 59 undertake reasonable efforts to convey land containing a variant of alluvial fan sage scrub within or near the NEOSHPP area at a 1.5:1 ratio for the vegetation that will be removed for Project development. (Ibid.) The Project developer and the City have voluntarily agreed to increase this mitigation ratio from 1:1 to address the comments made by the public, although the City believes that a 1:1 ratio remains reasonable and legally adequate given the low-quality of the habitat on- site. (Final Supp. EIR, p. 8.) This additional commitment, however, is made in a spirit of cooperation, and is designed to fully address the comments and concerns made regarding the Final EIR by the USFWS,DFG, and the Spirit of the Sage council. USFWS, DFG and others have commented that loss of onsite vegetation should be mitigated at a ratio of up to 5:1. (Final EIR, p. 145.) However, there was no empirical data provided that demonstrated why this ratio was legally permissible or appropriate, especially considering mitigation of impacts from surrounding projects has only ranged from 1:1 to 3:1. (Ibid.) Moreover, a March 2002 settlement agreement reached between the City and the Spirit of the Sage Council for impacts to RAFSS habitat of higher biological value for development of the nearby 250 acre Rancho Etiwanda Estates, was at an approximately 1:1 ratio, including impacts related to an USACOE permit that will likely be unnecessary here. Further, a similar settlement agreement between the Spirit of the Sage Council and U.C.P. Incorporated reached in July 2000 for the 186 acre Crest project adjacent to the Day Creek and including similar or higher quality habitat also settled for certain cash payments related to an endowment, attorneys' fees, and the conveyance of offsite mitigation lands totaling approximately 135 acres, which is substantially less than a 1:1 ratio. The mitigation ratio in mitigation measure 7-5 was selected in large part because the Project site does not contain high-quality RAFSS. (Ibid.) The habitat onsite does not provide any significant value to otherwise sensitive plant and animal species. Repeated surveys of the Project site have not found CAGN, SBKR, or any other listed species that would indicate a higher habitat value and could justify a higher mitigation ratio. (Ibid.) Indeed, this is a prime indicator of the fact that the RAFSS onsite is of low quality. Further, this sage scrub is also evidently fragmented or isolated from higher quality habitat by proposed development to the west, disturbed power line corridors to the north and south, and Etiwanda Creek to the east. (Ibid.) Moreover, as already discussed above, channelization of the Day Creek years ago shut off the historical flow of scouring flood waters across this portion of the Etiwanda alluvial fan. That is, long ago actions by federal agencies have forever prevented the biological conditions necessary to support RAFSS of a high biological value over the long-tern. I( bid.) Moreover, the flood control channel required by the City and County across the north boundary of the Project site will further eliminate any runoff from land north of the site, thereby continuing the natural degradation experienced in this area that began when the historical drainages such as Day Creek were first channelized. (Ibid.) This process of degradation would therefore continue with or without the proposed Project. (Ibid.) Further, additional OML will be provided in the event any gnatcatchers are discovered during protocol surveys. (Final EIR, p. 149.) Also, the San Bernardino kangaroo rat ("SBKR") does have a slight potential to occur in the area due to the presence of potentially suitable habitat within certain areas of East Etiwanda Creek. (Final EIR, p. 134.) Therefore, protocol surveys will be conducted in the areas likely to be disturbed during revetment installation in the Etiwanda Creek. (Final EIR, p. 149.) In the event that SBKR are found, the Project developer will also be required to comply will all applicable USFWS and DFG requirements and obtain any necessary 60 permits, including appropriate take authorization where required. I( bid.) Consultation with USFWS and DFG, if necessary, could result in the Applicant acquiring additional mitigation lands. All OML that will be acquired will be conveyed to County Special District OS-1 (or other another appropriate entity as approved by the City Planner) pursuant to mitigation measure 7-5, and should add to the other large blocks of habitat that are being preserved in the foothills north of the City. (Final EIR, p. 149.) The requirement that a qualified group will have to manage the conveyed habitat will ensure that the habitat remains a valuable biological resource in years to come. Large blocks of habitat allow for more effective management and preservation of�habitat and species that would be possible if smaller blocks of land, such as the Project site, were to be maintained instead. Thus, while development of the Project site will remove this 109 acres of sage scrub habitat and this will be a significant impact to biological resources, the inclusion of a larger block should benefit the overall preservation goals of the City and County. In addition, mitigation measures other than 7-5, as specified in the Draft EIR, Final EIR, and as described above, will further ensure that the Project's impacts to biological resources are mitigated to the extent feasible. The federal and state permits potentially required by mitigation measures 7-1 through 7-4 will ensure that development of the Project site will comply will all other applicable federal and state laws relating to the Project's construction activities that could impact streams or wetlands on or adjacent to the Project site, as appropriate. (Final EIR, pp. 148- 149.) Further, compliance with mitigation measure 7-10 ensures compliance with the Migratory Bird Treaty Act, and mitigation measure 7-9 will require the Project developer to assist with the County's efforts to reduce cowbirds, which can negatively impact gnatcatchers that could potentially be located on properties adjacent to the Project site. (Final EIR Supp., pp. 7-8.) The standard conditions and uniform codes, Project design features, and implementation of the specified mitigation measures will help reduce significant impacts regarding the loss of habitat and wildlife movement, but not below significant levels. (Final EIR, pp. 150.) Therefore, despite appropriate mitigation, the Project's impacts related to Biological Resources remain significant. (Ibid.) 4. Cumulative Impacts Continued development in the foothill area will further impact local flora and fauna, mainly through the loss of sage scrub habitat. (Final EIR, p. 223.) Wildlife will have fewer resource areas to use, although most of these areas are already surrounded by development. (bid.) Increased traffic will also result in increased mortality of native wildlife (i.e., roadkills). (Ibid.) Some of the planned growth is in "infill" areas, but much of the outlying areas contain RAFSS and other sage scrub habitat and not enough land has been preserved yet under the NEOSHPP to effectively mitigate the cumulative loss of this habitat. bid.) Although preservation of the OML pursuant to mitigation measure 7-5 will benefit the City and County's overall conservation efforts by adding to the large contiguous block of habitat within or near NEOSHPP, the Project will still remove approximately 109 acres of sage scrub that is a sub- group or variant of RAFSS. Therefore, planned development will still have a cumulatively considerable impact on the area's biological resources, including loss of habitat and restriction of 61 wildlife movement. Ibid.) Therefore, the proposed project will contribute to cumulatively considerable biological impacts due to the continued loss on the Etiwanda Fan and the region as a whole. This cumulative impact also includes restriction of wildlife movement in the fan area by encroachment of human structures and activities. C. Aesthetics 1. Significant Unavoidable Impacts 1 Short-Term Views Alteration of the landscape by grading and clearing will change the existing topography into a series of pads to support the new community. (Final EIR, p. 193.) Further, views of the Project site will include heavy construction equipment and machinery preparing the Project site for construction of the new homes. I( bid.) Dust will also obscure or interfere with views of the area during grading, although fugitive dust will disperse relatively soon after the end of construction. (Ibid.) Temporary impacts to views of the site will be most pronounced from the existing residential development at the southwest comer of the site. (Ibid.) Long-Term Views The Project will produce long-term aesthetic impacts at the Project site which will fundamentally change the visual and aesthetic character of the area, transforming the existing natural terrain into a developed and a planned community. (Final EIR, p. 194.) Most of the Project site will be graded in conjunction with the residential structures being proposed. (Ibid.) The present viewshed of the mountains and the valley below will be replaced by a new suburban community, mainly a variety of residential structures. bid.) As shown in Figure 2-6(a) of the Final EIR, A View Looking North From the Southern Border, portions of the Project site are visible from many vantage points. (Ibid.) Even during hazy condition days, the surrounding foothill community will see residential structures instead of boulder-strewn, brush-covered undisturbed open space land. (Ibid.) Figure 3.13-2 of the Final EIR, Conceptual Photographic Rendering, provides a conceptual representation of the future appearance of the Project. (Ibid.) The East Etiwanda Creek channel, however, will remain in its present condition, which will help maintain the natural visual character of that potion of the Project area. (Ibid.) Another major component of evaluating impacts to views is the presence of the Edison towers. (Ibid.) These towers are presently visible from anywhere in North Etiwanda, and will continue to be visible as the Project is completed and occupied. (Ibid.) The continued presence of these towers will degrade the otherwise consistent suburban development views to which development of the Project contributes. (Ibid.) However, the overall visual change will dominate the viewscape, in that views will be essentially transformed from foothill open space to suburban development. (Ibid.) 62 NEOSHPP The Project is located within the North Etiwanda Open Space and Habitat Preservation Program (NEOSHPP) area established by the County of San Bernardino to encourage retention of open space and biological values. (Ibid.) The visual characteristic of the site is predominately native vegetation open space interspersed with boulders. (Ibid.) Development of the Project will fundamentally alter the visual characteristics of the site, changing it from rural open space to a typical suburban residential community. (Ibid.) This loss of open space land represents a potentially significant visual impact based on the goals of the NEOSHPP program. Ibid.) Light and Glare The Project consists of single family detached residential units which will require a variety of lighting at night. (Final EIR, p. 197.) Streetlights will also be used in conjunction with new streets and a proposed community park. (Ibid.) Glare will also increase with the addition of windows in the surrounding community. (Ibid.) At this time, it is only possible to predict that nighttime light levels in the Project area will increase substantially. (Ibid.) It is not necessary or economical to attempt to estimate the specific amount of light increase. (Ibid.) However, it is reasonable to conclude that this increase will be at least potentially significant given ambient conditions (i.e., the current lack of night lights in the area). (Ibid.) Since the North Etiwanda area is rural and relatively dark at present, this increase is considered a significant impact. (Ibid.) 2. Findings The following measures will reduce significant and potentially significant aesthetics impacts of the Project to the greatest extent feasible: 13-1 All outdoor lighting shall be submitted to the Planning Department for plan check and shall comply with the requirements of Etiwanda North Specific Plan design guidelines and the City General Plan. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planner. (Final EIR, p. 201.) 13-2 Prior to issuance of building permits the developer shall submit construction plans for any signage associated with the site, including entrance monuments (but excluding street signs and traffic signs), primarily of natural appearing materials (i.e. wood and rock), consistent with the Etiwanda North Specific Plan design guidelines. If signs are lighted, light must be directed toward the sign rather than backlighting. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department. (Ibid.) 13-3 Prior to final inspection or occupancy of each phase, the City will evaluate the site lighting, including entrance lighting, for potential on and offsite impacts. The lighting will be adequately shielded or directed to minimize on-site impacts, to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department. (Ibid.) 63 13-4 Prior to recordation for each phase, the developer will provide the telephone numbers of persons to contact if there are complaints about noise, odors, night-lighting, etc. from activities on the Project site. This information should be displayed on a sign visible from the entrance to the development. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Building and Safety Department. (Ibid.) 13-5 Prior to issuance of building permits the developer will prepare a detailed landscaping and wall treatment plan for the Phase 1 area along the "Lower West Collector," to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department. Special attention shall be given to the landscape treatments along Etiwanda Avenue and East Avenue and at entrances to the Project. I( bid.) Note: Mitigation Measure 7-4 in Section 3.7, Biological Resources, requires the applicant to secure offsite land to mitigate the loss of 109 acres of sage scrub vegetation. This mitigation will also effectively mitigate potential impacts to NEOSHPP relative to voluntary preservation of open space. 3. Supporting Rationale Any night lighting introduced in the future will be designed to minimize spillage into nearby onsite and offsite residential areas. (Final EIR, p. 201.) The lighting impacts that will result in lighting levels typical for most suburban development. However, given the current rural character and generally dark ambient light levels of the Etiwanda area, even with the above mitigation measures, the Project will still produce significant aesthetic impacts related to views and nighttime lighting. I( bid.) The Project includes 8.02 acres of open space facilities will help reduce aesthetic impacts. Planned building heights will also help prevent the restriction of views. (Final EIR, p. 200.) In addition, the Project will utilize the design guidelines set forth in the Etiwanda North Specific Plan and the County of San Bernardino General Plan. Ibid.) These guidelines encourage low density residences, preservation of visual and historic characteristics of the area, and a neighborhood character or theme that will enhance the aesthetic and visual qualities between the existing land use and future land uses. (Ibid.) The threshold of significance regarding the transition of natural open space to developed uses is a difficult balancing act of planning and environmental issues. (Final EIR, p. 198.) Property owners, developers and many urban planners often consider the conversion of open space to development to be a fundamental change, but not necessarily an adverse change as long as the new structures are attractive and well planned. (Ibid.) In contrast, many residents and environmentalists consider the loss of open space and the building of new comminutes to be significantly adverse regardless of the appearance of the development. (Ibid.) Overall, since development of the Project will fundamentally alter the appearance of the Property site, its impact is properly considered to be significant. Further, since development of the Project conflicts with NEOSHPP's goal of protecting views, this conflict remains significant because views for the entire Project area will likely be impacted.. (Final EIR, p. 199.) 64 4. Cumulative Impacts Anticipated growth will slowly but fundamentally change the visual and aesthetic character of the Project area from largely vacant, rural rolling terrain to medium density suburban development. (Final EIR, p. 226.) Continued development will also significantly increase ambient light and glare. (Ibid.) If ultimate development occurs according to SCAG projections, these impacts may be cumulatively considerable. (Ibid.)Even if the proposed Project and other new developments are similar in appearance and scale to existing developments, the proposed Project will contribute incrementally to these cumulatively considerable aesthetic impacts. (Ibid.) VII. PROJECT ALTERNATIVES The City hereby declares that it has considered and rejected as infeasible the alternatives identified in the Final EIR and described below. CEQA requires than an EIR evaluate a reasonable range of alternatives to a project, or to the location of the project, which: (1) offer substantial environmental advantages over the project proposal, and (2) may be feasibly accomplished in a successful manner within a reasonable period of time considering the economic, environmental, social and technological factors involved. (State CEQA Guidelines, § 5126.6.) An EIR must only evaluate reasonable alternatives to a project which could feasibly attain most of the project objectives, and evaluate the comparative merits of the alternatives. (Ibid.) In all cases the consideration of alternatives is to be judged against a rule of reason. (Ibid.) The lead agency is not required to choose the environmentally superior alternative identified in the EIR if the alternative does not provide substantial advantages over the proposed project and: (1) through the imposition of mitigation measures the environmental effects of a project can be reduced to an acceptable level, or (2) there are social economic, technological or other considerations which make the alternative infeasible. (Pub. Res. Code, § 21002.) Although the State CEQA Guidelines directs lead agencies to consider the feasibility of an alternative location, that alternative is not required: "[i]f the lead agency concludes that no feasible alternative location exists." (Ibid.) However, the lead agency "must disclose the reasons for this conclusion and should include the reasons in the EIR." (Ibid.) To the best of the City's knowledge and understanding, the Project applicant neither owns nor controls any other sites within the City or nearby areas suitable for the development of the Project. The Final EIR identified the City's objectives for the Tracy Development Project at page 15, and they are as follows: • Be consistent with, and implement, the established policies and goals of the City of Rancho Cucamonga General Plan, Etiwanda North Specific Plan, City Development Code, and all other City development guidelines; • To annex the proposed Project into the City of Rancho Cucamonga; 65 • Integrate the Project into the character of the surrounding communities and establish a development that results in logical, coordinated growth; • Establish a Project-wide circulation system that meets regional and local transportation needs and accommodates both vehicles and pedestrians; • Provide a system of public/community facilities, including parks, trails, open space areas, and landscaping to support the residents of the Project and surrounding area in an efficient and timely manner; • Limit impacts to surrounding uses and residents, and to the community character; • Provide backbone public infrastructure (i.e. roads, utilities) to serve Project residents and the surrounding community; • Minimize impacts to, and generate revenues in excess of costs for, various public service agencies, and • Provide a variety of quality housing opportunities compatible with existing and planned development that responds to market demands. The Final EIR considered a total of 5 alternatives to the Project, plus the no project alternative, which are examined in detail as follows: A. No Proiect-No Development Alternative Under this alternative, the Project site would remain vacant and would not be developed into a residential community. (Final EBR, p. 230.) Assuming that the site remains undeveloped, all significant Project specific impacts will be avoided. (Ibid.) However, cumulative impacts including traffic, noise, and air quality, will eventually occur regardless of \yhether the site is developed, although not to the same degree as the proposed Project. (Ibid.) This alternative would eliminate essentially all of the adverse environmental consequences associated with land development of the proposed Project and is, therefore, an environmentally superior alternative. (Ibid.) However, this alternative does not meet the Project's basic objectives of developing a residential project consistent with the General Plan land use designation for the site or any of the other Project objectives. (Ibid.) B. No Proiect-Open Space Alternative Under this alternative, the Project site would remain vacant and not be developed into a residential community. (Final EBR, p. 231.) Contrary to the No Project — No Development Alternative, however, this alternative would designate the site to be acquired, fenced, and 66 maintained for open space and biological habitat as part of the NEOSHPP plan. Ibid.) This alternative would avoid all the significant impacts of developing the property, however, cumulative impacts including traffic, noise, and air quality, will eventually occur regardless of whether the site is developed or preserved, although not to the same degree as the proposed Project. (Ibid.) This alternative would eliminate essentially all of the adverse environmental consequences associated with land development of the proposed Project and is, therefore, an environmentally superior alternative. I( bid.) However, this alternative also does not meet the Project's basic objectives of developing a residential project consistent with the General Plan land use designation for the site or any other Project objectives. (Ibid.) Further, the value of the open space habitat would be minimal if and when additional development occurs adjacent to the Project site, effectively cutting off the Project site from larger intact blocks of habitat. C. Reduced Intensity Alternative The Project site is currently designated by the County's General Plan for residential development at 3 units per acre, although the City's General Plan requirements limit development on the site to a lower density. (Ibid.) It can be reasonably anticipated that, assuming the Project is not approved, that another residential development project would be submitted in the near future under County jurisdiction. (Ibid.) Another development project on this site would probably propose somewhere between 2 and 3 units per acre on 110 developable acres. The current Project proposes 269 units (1.59 units per gross acre), and it is likely that any future development Project would contain a similar number of units compared to the proposed Project, and thus produce similar impacts. Ibid.) Under this alternative, the Project site would be developed exclusively into residential uses and the park relocated to some other (as yet unidentified) property in the Etiwanda area. (Ibid.) Although a specific site plan is not proposed, it is assumed it would have approximately the same buildable area (109 acres) and have to meet the County's parkland, open space, fire safety, and road requirements. (Ibid.) Based on these constraints, this alternative would probably result in a maximum of 180 units. I( bid.) While this alternative would have 85 fewer lots than the proposed Project, they would be of correspondingly higher value than the smaller lots of the proposed Project. (Ibid.) One additional restriction of this alternative would be to limit homes to one story to help preserve views of the hills to the north. (Ibid.) This alternative would eliminate the land use impacts associated with inconsistency with the City's General Plan (i.e., no GPA) and some of the long-term air quality impacts. Ibid.) However, these impacts would probably just be relocated to some other nearby property due to the continued need for residences and parks in the Etiwanda area. (Ibid.) The following sections analyze specific impacts of this alternative compared to the proposed Project: 1. Evaluation of Impacts 67 Land Use — Based on currently approved policies, this alternative would not be consistent with both the City and County General Plan designations, although fewer units are proposed than would be allowed under the County General Plan. (Final EIR, p. 232.) This alternative does not eliminate the potentially significant land use impacts of the proposed Project, nor is it fully consistent with the NEOSHPP because it does not identify specific mitigation lands to be preserved. Other land use impacts are similar to those of the proposed Project. (Ibid.) Population and Housing — This alternative would allow 47 percent fewer units and residents than under the proposed Project (180 vs. 265 units and 585 vs. 861 residents). (Ibid.) Similar to the proposed Project, population and housing impacts are not significant. (Ibid.) Earth Resources — This alternative is similar to the proposed Project although it would introduce fewer residents and structures into a seismically active area. (Ibid.) It would also require slightly less grading for roads and building pads. (Ibid.) Impact to soils would be equivalent to proposed Project. (Ibid.) Overall, impacts would be similar to the proposed Project, potentially significant but mitigable through implementation of standard conditions, uniform codes, and professional engineering and construction standards. (Ibid.) Water Resources — This alternative would produce larger lots with fewer impermeable surfaces, which may reduce runoff rates slightly. (Ibid.) Slower runoff would incrementally reduce potential erosion and siltation of nearby East Etiwanda Creek, which would be mitigated in the same manner as the proposed Project. (Ibid.) Overall, impacts would be similar to the proposed Project (i.e., potentially significant but mitigable through standard practices). (Ibid.) Transportation and Circulation — This alternative would have 32 percent fewer units and so would produce significantly fewer vehicular trips (approximately 2,000 vs. 2,956) and outside trips to the parks would be eliminated (i.e., moved to another park site). (Ibid.) Overall, impacts would be less than those of the proposed Project and less than significant. (Ibid.) Air Quality — This alternative would reduce construction emissions of NOx and ROG, but ROG emissions would still exceed SCAQMD thresholds for application of architectural coatings. (Final EIR, p. 235.) However, this alternative would reduce long-term emissions from Project vehicular trips and elimination of the 2 parks by approximately 30 percent (40.5 pounds vs. 55.7 pounds of NOx and 38.9 pounds vs. 56.8 pounds of ROG, respectively) which would reduce them to less than significant levels. Ibid.) Biological Resources — As with the proposed Project, this alternative would result in the removal of 109 acres of sage scrub vegetation. (Ibid.) However, this alternative would likely mitigate using the same measure recommended for the proposed Project (i.e., acquisition of adequate offsite replacement habitat). (Ibid.) If this same measure is implemented for this alternative, impacts to biological resources would be similar to those of the proposed Project (i.e., remains significant after mitigation). (Ibid.) Energy and Mineral Resources — Under this alternative, fewer residents would consume incrementally less energy and mineral resources. (Ibid.) However, impacts would be similar to those of the proposed Project (i.e., not significant). (Ibid.) 68 Hazards — Under this alternative, hazards would be substantially less because the number of residents potentially exposed to hazardous materials, wildland fires, and human/wildlife interactions would be reduced. (Final EIR, p. 233.) However, any project, including the Project and this alternative, that introduces a sizeable number of humans into this area would produce similar impacts. (Ibid.) Noise — This alternative would reduce construction-related noise levels, as well as long- term noise levels, by reducing the number of units and thereby the number of vehicular trips (i.e., 47 percent less). (Ibid.) However, the impacts of this alternative are similar to the proposed Project (i.e., not significant). (Ibid.) Public Services — This alternative would require incrementally less public services by introducing fewer structures and residents into the area, but impacts would still be similar to the proposed Project (i.e., not significant). (Ibid.) Utilities — Somewhat reduced but equivalent to the proposed •Project (i.e., not significant). (Ibid.) Aesthetics —This alternative would have fewer units and they would be restricted to one story in height, which would significantly reduce impacts related to views. (Ibid.) Therefore, aesthetic impacts of this alternative would be less than significant, compared to the proposed Project which has significant impacts related to views and night lighting. (Ibid.) Cultural Resources — This alternative is equivalent to proposed Project (i.e., not significant). (Ibid.) Agriculture — This alternative is equivalent to proposed Project (i.e., not significant). (Ibid.) Recreation — This alternative produces impacts that are significantly greater than those of the proposed Project by eliminating the 2 parks. (Ibid.) 2. Finding on Reduced Intensity Alternative This alternative would relocate the parks to some other yet-undetermined offsite property, and propose 180 units with a minimum lot size of 20,000 square feet with a height limit of one story based on current County General Plan requirements. (Ibid.) It would eliminate the significant impacts of the proposed Project related to land use (consistency with the City's minimum lot size requirement), long-term air quality (NOx and ROG emission), and aesthetics (views and night lighting). (Ibid.) However, potentially significant impacts related to short-term air pollutant emissions ("ROG") and loss of biological resources will remain. (Ibid.) This alternative would eliminate many of the significant or potentially significant impacts associated with the proposed Project. (Ibid.) Those significant impacts remaining could probably not be eliminated or significantly reduced by the implementation of any feasible alternative or 69 mitigation measures at this time. I( bid.) However, the Project fiscal report indicates that fewer, larger residential lots/units would not generate sufficient public revenues to offset costs to provide services. (Ibid.) While this alternative is environmentally superior to the proposed Project, it does not meet the Project developer's and the City's economic objectives of developing a residential project that has a positive cost/benefit ratio and generates a reasonable return on investment. (Ibid; see also the Fiscal Impact Assessment Materials contained in Appendix C of the Final EIR.) Also, as this alternative would not meet the other Project goals, including the goal of developing park space for City residents. D. Modified Site Plan Alternative This alternative would create a 300-foot wide buffer along the west bank of the East Etiwanda Creek to better buffer wildlife movement and create more open space. (Final EIR, p. 234.) It would also cluster the residential lots but on smaller lots (approximately 6,000 square feet) in the southwestern portion of the site to provide an additional 15 acres of open space along the west side of Etiwanda Creek and to connect the relatively undisturbed lands within the Edison power corridors. (Ibid.) It would also eliminate the "surplus" flood control property from development. (Ibid.) This alternative would not restrict building heights to one story and eliminate the 2 parks, but would provide 2 acres of neighborhood park to meet the County's Quimby Act requirements Q acres per thousand population). (Ibid.) This alternative would allow approximately 200 units to be constructed compared to the 269 units allowed in the proposed Project (65 less units) and would require a redesign of the internal circulation system. While this alternative would not completely eliminate all impacts associated with the Project, it would reduce aesthetic impacts related to views and night lighting of the Park as well as long-term air quality impacts. (Ibid.) The following sections analyze specific impacts of this alternative compared to the proposed Project: 1. Evaluation of Impacts Land Use — Based on the current approved policies, this alternative would not be consistent with County General Plan land use designations or the City's General Plan regarding minimum lot sizes (6,000 square feet proposed vs. 20,000 square feet City standard). (Ibid.) However, this alternative is more consistent with the NEOSHPP because it sets aside more mitigation land onsite to be preserved. (Ibid.) Other land use impacts are similar to those of the proposed Project. Population and Housing — This alternative would allow 25 percent fewer units and residents than under the proposed Project (200 vs. 269 units and 650 vs. 831 residents). (Ibid.) Similar to the proposed Project, population and housing impacts are not significant. I( bid.) Earth Resources — This alternative is similar to the proposed Project although it would introduce fewer residents and structures into a seismically active area. (Ibid.) It would also require slightly less grading for roads and building pads. (Ibid.) Impact to soils would be equivalent to the proposed Project. (Ibid.) Overall, impacts would be similar to the proposed 70 Project, potentially significant but mitigable through implementation of standard conditions, uniform codes, and professional engineering and construction standards. (Ibid.) Water Resources — This alternative would provide more open space with less impermeable surfaces, which may reduce runoff rates slightly. (Ibid.) Slower runoff would incrementally reduce potential erosion and siltation of nearby East Etiwanda Creek, which would be mitigated in the same manner as the proposed Project. (Ibid.) Overall, impacts are similar to the proposed Project (i.e., potentially significant but mitigable through standard practices). (Ibid.) Transportation and Circulation — This alternative would produce 25 percent fewer vehicular trips from residential units (approximately 2,000 vs. 2,650 trips), although outside trips to the 2 parks would be the same. (Ibid.) Overall, impacts would be less than those of the proposed Project and less than significant. I( bid.) Air Quality — This alternative would reduce construction emissions of NOx and ROG, but ROG emissions would still exceed SCAQMD thresholds for application of architectural coatings. (Ibid.) However, this alternative would reduce long-term emissions from Project vehicular trips by approximately 25 percent (41.8 pounds vs. 55.7 pounds of NOx and 42.6 pounds vs. 56.8 pounds of ROG, respectively) which would reduce them to less than significant levels. (Ibid.) Biological Resources — This alternative would result in the removal of 85 acres of sage scrub vegetation, which is 25 acres less than the proposed Project but still considered significant. (Ibid.) However, this alternative would likely mitigate using the same measures recommended for the proposed Project (i.e., acquisition of adequate offsite sage scrub vegetation land) and it would maintain the wildlife movement corridor along Etiwanda Creek. (Ibid.) If the proposed sage scrub mitigation measure is implemented for this alternative as well, impacts to biological impacts would be less than those of the proposed Project (i.e., not significant). (Ibid.) Energy and Mineral Resources — Under this alternative, fewer residents would consume incrementally less energy and mineral resources. (Ibid.) However, impacts would be similar to those of the proposed Project (i.e., not significant). (Ibid.) Hazards — Under this alternative, hazards would be slightly less by reducing the number of residents potentially exposed to hazardous materials, wildland fires, human/wildlife interactions. (Ibid.) However, any project, including the proposed Project and this alternative, that introduces a sizeable number of humans into this area would produce similar impacts. (Ibid.) Noise —This alternative would reduce construction-related noise by reducing the number of units to be built, as well as reducing long-term noise levels by reducing the number of units and thereby the number of vehicular trips (i.e., 25 percent less). (Ibid.) However, the impacts of this alternative are similar to the proposed Project (i.e., not significant). (Ibid.) Public Services — This alternative would require incrementally less public services by introducing fewer structures and residents into the area, but they would still be similar to the proposed Project (i.e., not significant). (Ibid.) 71 Utilities — Somewhat reduced but equivalent to the proposed Project (i.e., not significant). (Ibid.) Aesthetics — This alternative would have fewer units but they would not be restricted to one story in height, so it would reduce impacts related to views, but not to less than significant levels. (Ibid.) Aesthetic impacts of this alternative would be less than significant related to night lighting, compared to the proposed Project which has significant impacts related to both views and night lighting. (Ibid.) Cultural Resources — This alternative is equivalent to proposed Project (i.e., not significant). (Ibid.) Agriculture — This alternative is equivalent to proposed Project (i.e., not significant). bid.) Recreation —This alternative reduces impacts compared to those of the proposed Project by providing one neighborhood park. (Ibid.) 2. Finding on the Modified Site Plan Alternative This alternative would have 200 units with a minimum lot size of 6,000 square feet with a height limit of one story. (Final EIR, p. 236.) This plan would reduce the impacts of the proposed Project related to long-term air quality (NOx and ROG emissions) to less than significant levels. I( bid.) However, potentially significant impacts related to short-term air pollutant emissions (ROG), and biological resources (relative to the North Etiwanda Open Space and Habitat Preservation Program) would remain. (Ibid.) This alternative would eliminate,some of the significant or potentially significant impacts associated with the proposed Project. (Ibid.) This alternative is marginally superior to the proposed Project in terms of environmental impacts, but it does not meet the Project's economic objectives of developing a residential project that has a positive cost benefit ratio and generates a reasonable return on investment as well as the proposed Project. (Ibid; see also the Fiscal Impact Assessment Materials contained in Appendix C of the Final EIR.) E. Rural Density Alternative The City commented on the Draft EIR that the "City Density" alternative was not fully consistent with City development guidelines and policies for this area. (Ibid.) This new alternative has been developed to be consistent with City policies and guidelines. (Ibid.) The property is currently designated by the City of Rancho Cucamonga's General Plan as Very Low density residential (VL) which allows a maximum of 2 units per acre of developable land with minimum 20,000 square foot lots. (Ibid.) According to the proposed Project tract map, 72 the site has 107.3 acres of developable land. However, the City has optional development standards that are applicable to this category which would set aside almost 70 acres as open space. (Ibid.) In this case, the open space acreage would be set aside for biological habitat. The remaining 37.3 acres of developable land would allow approximately 75 units to be built under this alternative. (Ibid.) The City's Hillside Development regulations apply to this site. The current Project proposes 269 units (2.47 units per acre), so this alternative would have 190 less units (a 72 percent reduction) and would be consistent with the City's hillside guidelines. (Ibid.) This alternative would not have 2 parks at the perimeter of the project, but would rather have a small neighborhood park in the middle of the project. (Ibid.) Although the project would only generate a Quimby Act requirement for 1.2 acres of parkland, the City has a minimum requirement of 5 acres for a neighborhood park. (Ibid.) Under this alternative, the residential lots would be clustered along the southern and western portions of the site, leaving the 70 acres of open space along the Etiwanda Creek channel and the northern SCE power corridor. (Ibid.) These homes would be on half-acre lots and be up to 2-story. (Ibid.) This alternative would substantially reduce long-term air quality impacts and would also eliminate impacts associated with removal of biological habitat onsite, since the 70 acres of open space would represent an onsite mitigation ratio of 2:1 for loss of alluvial fan habitat. (Ibid.) The following sections analyze specific impacts of this alternative compared to the proposed Project: 1. Evaluation of Impacts for Rural Density Alternative Land Use — This alternative would be consistent with both the City and County General Plan designations, although fewer units are proposed than would be allowed under the County General Plan. (Ibid.) This alternative eliminates the potentially significant land use impacts of the proposed Project and is consistent with the NEOSHPP because it identifies specific mitigation lands to be preserved. (Ibid.) Other land use impacts are similar to those of the proposed Project. (Ibid.) Population and Housing — This alternative would allow 72 percent fewer units and residents than under the proposed Project (75 vs. 269 units and 245 vs. 831 residents). (Final EIR, p. 237.) Similar to the proposed Project, population and housing impacts are not significant. (Ibid.) Earth Resources —This alternative would introduce fewer residents and structures into a seismically active area. (Ibid.) It would also require less grading for roads and building pads. Impact to soils would be equivalent to proposed Project. (Ibid.) The overall, impact would be similar to the proposed Project, which is potentially significant but mitigable through implementation of standard conditions, uniform codes, and professional engineering and construction standards. (Ibid.) 73 Water Resources — This alternative would produce larger lots with fewer impermeable surfaces, which would reduce runoff as well as incrementally reduce potential erosion and siltation of nearby East Etiwanda Creek. (Ibid.) Overall, water-related impacts would be reduced compared to the proposed Project (i.e., potentially significant but mitigable through standard practices). bid.) Transportation and Circulation — This alternative would have 72 percent fewer units and so would produce significantly fewer vehicular trips (approximately 720 vs. 2,956) and outside trips to the parks would be eliminated (i.e., moved to another park site). (Ibid.) Overall, impacts would be less than those of the proposed Project and less than significant. (Ibid.) Air Quality — This alternative would reduce construction emissions of NOx and ROG, but ROG emissions would still exceed SCAQMD thresholds for application of architectural coatings. (Ibid.) However, this alternative would reduce long-term emissions from project vehicular trips by approximately 70 percent (16.7 pounds vs. 55.7 pounds of NOx and 17 pounds vs. 56.8 pounds of ROG, respectively) which would reduce them to less than significant levels. (Ibid.) Biological Resources—This alternative would preserve 70 acres of sage scrub vegetation and only remove 37 acres. (Ibid.) It would also maintain the wildlife movement corridor along Etiwanda Creek. I( bid.) This alternative would reduce potential impacts to biological resources to less than significant levels after mitigation. (Ibid.) Energy and Mineral Resources — Under this alternative, fewer residents would consume incrementally less energy and mineral resources. (Ibid.) However, impacts would be similar to those of the proposed Project (i.e., not significant). (Ibid.) Hazards — Under this alternative, hazards would be substantially less because the number of residents potentially exposed to hazardous materials, wildland fires, and human/wildlife interactions would be reduced. (Ibid.) However, any project, including the proposed Project and this alternative, that introduces additional humans into this area which would produce similar impacts related to hazards. (Ibid.) Noise — This alternative would reduce construction-related noise levels, as well as long- term noise levels, by reducing the number of units and thereby the number of vehicular trips (i.e., 72 percent less). (Ibid.) However, the impacts of this alternative are similar to the proposed Project (i.e., not significant). I( bid.) Public Services — This alternative would require less public services by introducing fewer structures and residents into the area, but impacts would still be similar to the proposed Project (i.e., not significant). (Final EIR, p. 238.) Utilities— Reduced compared to the proposed Project (i.e., not significant). (Ibid.) Aesthetics — This alternative would have much fewer units on larger lots, with 70 acres of open space to the north and northeastern portions of the site. (Ibid.) While the units would not 74 necessarily be restricted to one story, this alternative would still significantly reduce impacts related to views. I( bid.) The aesthetic impacts of this alternative would be less than significant, compared to the proposed Project which has significant impacts related to views and night lighting. (Ibid.) Cultural Resources – This alternative is equivalent to proposed Project (i.e., not significant). I( bid.) Agriculture – This alternative is equivalent to proposed Project (i.e., not significant). (Ibid.) Recreation – This alternative produces impacts that are greater than those of the proposed Project by eliminating the 2 parks but substitute a neighborhood park for Project residents. (Ibid.) 2. Finding on Rural Density Alternative This alternative would have 75 units on half-acre lots, clustered along the southern portion of the site. (Ibid.) It would eliminate the significant impacts of the proposed Project related to biological resources in terms of loss of alluvial fan habitat and long-tetra air quality (NOx and ROG emissions). (Ibid.) However, potentially significant impacts related to short-term air pollutant emissions will remain. (Ibid.) In addition, this alternative does not provide the benefit of providing park facilities. (Ibid.) This alternative would eliminate almost all of the significant or potentially significant impacts associated with the proposed Project. I( bid.) The remaining significant impact (i.e., construction emissions) could probably not be eliminated or significantly reduced by the implementation of any feasible alternative or mitigation measures at this time, unless the project were to support all custom lots of one acre or more where only building pads are graded when needed. (Ibid.) However, the Project fiscal report indicates that fewer, larger residential lots/units would not generate sufficient public revenues to offset costs to provide services. (Ibid.) While this alternative is environmentally superior to the proposed Project, it does not meet the Project's economic objectives of developing a residential project that has a positive cost/benefit ratio for the City and generates a reasonable return on investment. (Ibid; see also the Fiscal Impact Assessment Materials contained in Appendix C of the Final EIR.) Also, since this alternative does not fully implement the City's goal of providing adequate park facilities for City residents. F. Comparison of Alternative Table 6-1 of the Final EIR, Comparison of Project Alternative, and Table 6-2, Comparison of Significant Alternative Impacts, summarize and compare the anticipated impacts of alternatives. I( bid.) No Project–No Development—The property would remain vacant which would avoid all significant project specific impacts, although cumulative impacts including traffic, noise, and 75 air quality would eventually occur, but not to the same degree as if the proposed Project were built. (Ibid.) This alternative would eliminate essentially all of the adverse impacts of the proposed Project and is, therefore, an environmentally superior alternative. (Ibid.) This alternative does not meet the Project's basic objectives of developing a residential project consistent with the General Plan land use designation for the site. No Proiect – Open Space — The property would remain vacant but be acquired, fenced, and maintained for open space and biological habitat as part of the NEOSHPP plan. (Final EIR, p. 239.) This alternative would avoid all the significant impacts of developing the property, however, cumulative impacts including traffic, noise, and air quality, will eventually occur regardless of whether the site is developed or preserved, although perhaps not to the same degree as with the proposed Project. (Ibid.) This is an environmentally superior alternative but does not meet the Project's basic objectives, and indeed all other objectives, of developing a project consistent with the General Plan land use designation for the site. I( bid.) Reduced Intensity Alternative — This alternative proposes 180 units with a minimum lot size of 20,000 square feet with a height limit of one story. (mid.) It would eliminate the significant impacts of long-term air quality (NOx and ROG emission), but would still has significant impacts related to short-term air pollutant emissions (ROG) and biological resources. (Ibid.) In addition, this alternative does not provide the beneficial impact of providing needed park facilities. (Ibid.) Also, this alternative does not meet the Project's economic objectives of developing a residential project that has a positive costfbenefit ratio for the City and generates a reasonable return on investment. This alternative is environmentally superior to the proposed Project, but does not meet the Project's objectives. I( bid.) Modified Site Plan Alternative — This alternative would cluster the residential development in the southwestern portion of the site. (Ibid.) It would have 200 units with a minimum lot size of 6,000 square feet and a height limit of one story. (Ibid.) It would eliminate the significant impacts of the proposed Project related long-term air quality (NOx and ROG emissions). (Ibid.) However, potentially significant impacts related to short-term air pollutant emissions (ROG) and loss of biological resources would remain. (Ibid.) Also, this alternative does not meet the Project's economic objectives of developing a residential project that has a positive cost benefit ratio for the City and generates a reasonable return on investment. This alternative is marginally superior to the proposed Project in terms of environmental impacts, but it does not meet the Project objectives. (Ibid.) Rural Density Alternative — This alternative would locate approximately 75 units on the site with a minimum lot size of 20,000 square feet. (Ibid.) Units would be clustered on 37 acres in the southern portion of the site, while the remaining 70 acres would be set aside as open space and biological habitat. (Ibid.) This alternative would eliminate the significant impacts of the proposed Project related to biological resources related to loss of alluvial fan habitat and long-term air quality from NOx and ROG emissions. (Ibid.) This alternative still has significant impacts related to short-term air pollutant emissions (ROG) and does not provide the benefits of two parks. (Ibid.) Also, this alternative does not meet the Project's economic objectives of developing a residential project that has a positive cost/benefit ratio for the City and generates a reasonable return on investment. As such, it does not meet the Project's goals. This alternative is 76 environmentally superior to the proposed Project, but it does not meet the Project objectives. (Ibid.) The CEQA Guidelines require identification of an environmentally superior alternative (Section 15126.6(e)(2)). Of those alternatives discussed in this section, the two "No Project" Alternatives (No Development and Open Space) are both environmentally superior alternatives that would avoid all of the Project-related environmental impacts. (Final EIR, p. 239.) However, the CEQA Guidelines stipulate that, "if the environmentally superior alternative is the no project alternative, the EIR shall also identify an environmentally superior alternative among the other alternatives" (Section 15126.6(e)(2)). Therefore, the Rural Density (Alternative 3) is the most environmentally superior to the proposed Project since it eliminates all of the significant impacts of the proposed Project except air quality emissions from construction. (Final EIR, p. 239.) VIII. GROWTH-INDUCING IMPACTS The State CEQA Guidelines require that an EIR discuss the ways in which the Project would induce growth, including whether it could foster economic or population growth, either directly or indirectly, including, but not limited to, the removal of obstacles to population growth or the construction of additional housing. State CEQA Guidelines section 15126.2(d) refers to growth inducement as ways in which the proposed Project would either directly or indirectly stimulate economic or population growth in the Project vicinity and the surrounding region. The California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) and State CEQA Guidelines require the evaluation of growth inducing impacts of the proposed project, as well as the cumulative impacts of the Project plus other reasonably foreseeable public or private projects planned in the same area. Growth inducement can take many forms. A project can remove barriers, provide access, or eliminate other constraints, which encourage growth that has already been approved and anticipated through the General Plan process. (Final EIR, p. 216-217.) The "planned" growth would be reflected in land use plans that have been developed and approved with underlying assumptions that adequate supporting infrastructure will be built. (Ibid.) This is perhaps best described as accommodating or facilitating growth, but for the purpose of this section, the term "inducing" is used. (Ibid.) Development in the foothill communities has become a direct growth-inducing impact, due to increases in population moving or migrating into the outlying community, and the area has created a need for new housing in the West Valley Foothills Sub-Regional Planning Area. (Ibid.) Hence, new housing projects, such as the current proposal, are not growth inducing by themselves, but a part of the regional growth in the area. This Project helps meet these additional housing demands. (Ibid.) The proposed Project may also stimulate growth in the foothills of the Etiwanda community, generally by improving existing roads and the construction of new urban infrastructure. (Ibid.) Growth of the Etiwanda area constitutes several thousand residential units, 77 therefore, the predicted "buildout" population in the Project area would be considered significant. (Ibid.) The Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG) regularly publishes growth predictions for use in traffic growth management and planning purposes. (Ibid.) SCAG has predicted the population growth forecast for the Etiwanda community for the upcoming decade. (Ibid.) They estimate the population in 2000 to be 128,300, in 2010 to be 155,900 and 186,300 in 2020. (Ibid.) The proposed Project therefore represents 1.45 percent of the predicted population growth in the Etiwanda area. I( bid.) In comparison, the San Bernardino Area of Governments suggests that the sub-region that includes the City of Rancho Cucamonga will have a population of 1,772,700 by the year 2000 which will increase to 2,829,800 by 2020. (Ibid.) This represents an estimated annual growth rate of 1.6 percent over the period, similar to the growth rate anticipated for the City during the same period. (mid. It should be noted that the closure of Etiwanda Avenue north of Lower Crest Collector Road will help restrict growth in the areas north of the project site by controlling or limiting public access to these areas. IX. UNAVOIDABLE AND IRREVERSIBLE IMPACTS The State CEQA Guidelines require a discussion of any significant irreversible environmental changes, which would result from a proposed action, should it be implemented. (See State CEQA Guidelines, § 15126.2.) The proposed Project will create the following significant impacts that cannot be mitigated to less than significant levels even with implementation of all feasible mitigation measures: Short-Term Air Quality: Air pollutants generated by construction of the Project will be significant, primarily oxides of nitrogen from vehicle exhaust and reactive organic compounds from the application of architectural coatings, based on the CEQA significance thresholds established by the South Coast Air Quality Management District. (Final EIR, p. 228.) Long-Term Air Quality: Vehicular emissions from daily operation (i.e., occupation) of the Project will produce significant levels of oxides of nitrogen and reactive organic compounds, according to the CEQA significance thresholds established by the South Coast Air Quality Management District. (Ibid.) Biological Resources: The Project will eliminate alluvial fan vegetation, contributing to cumulative impacts to biological resources. (Ibid.) Aesthetics: Development of the Project will alter the appearance of the Property site and will conflict with NEOSHPP's goal of protecting views, and as such views for the entire Project area will be impacted despite mitigation. (Final EIR, p. 199.) Cumulative: The Project will also contribute incrementally to cumulatively considerable impacts related to land use, flood control, water quality from urban runoff, loss of alluvial fan sage scrub, hazardous material dumping, congestion of evacuation routes, overcrowded schools, inadequate utilities, and loss of views. (Ibid.) Mitigation: No other significant adverse environmental impacts are expected as long as the following are implemented as proposed and outlined in this document: 1) standard conditions 78 and uniform codes; 2) project design features outlined in Section 3.0, Environmental Analysis; and 3) the project mitigation measures outlined in Section 3.0, Environmental Analysis. (Ibid.) The primary irreversible environmental impact of the Project will be the commitment of capital, labor, materials, and especially the land to construct a housing development. I( bid.) Construction of the Project will also result in the consumption of a variety of non-renewable or slowly renewable resources such as sand and gravel, asphalt, lumber, petrochemical construction materials, metals, fossil fuels, and water. (Ibid.) Over the long-term, daily occupancy of the Project will require the consumption of additional non-renewable or slowly renewable resources such as water and fossil fuels. The consumption of these resources will be similar to other suburban development in the foothill region. (Ibid.) The development will urbanize a relatively undeveloped area. (Final EIR, p. 13.) The level of urbanization is consistent with housing developments throughout the City, San Bernardino County and Southern California. (Ibid.) Impacts associated with aesthetics, and air quality and biological resources will be mitigated, but not eliminated with the programs as outlined in the mitigation measures. X. PROJECT BENEFITS AND STATEMENT OF OVERRIDING CONSIDERATIONS A. Legal Requirements. State CEQA Guidelines sections 15093(a) and (b) state that: "CEQA requires the decision-making agency to balance, as applicable, the economic, legal, social, technological, or other benefits of a proposed Project against its unavoidable environmental risks when determining whether to approve the Project. If the specific economic, legal, social, technological, or other benefits of a proposed Project outweigh the unavoidable adverse environmental effects, the adverse environmental effects may be considered acceptable." "When the lead agency approves a Project which will result in the occurrence of significant effects which are identified in the EIR but are not avoided or substantially lessened, the agency shall state in writing the specific reasons to support its action based on the EIR and/or other information in the record. The statement of overriding considerations shall be supported by substantial evidence in the record." B. Project Benefits. The City Council or Planning Commission finds that the Project's benefits are substantial and outweigh the unavoidable adverse environmental effects to air quality, biological resources, aesthetics and related cumulative impacts associated with the Project. The City Council or Planning Commission finds that the benefits set forth below, when balanced against the 79 unavoidable significant adverse impacts, outweigh the impacts because of the social and economic values which accrue to the community: • The Project will provide new housing in an area with a substantial demand for new housing, thereby assisting in meeting the regional housing needs. The Project will provide up to 269 quality single-family residences for approximately 83 residents. (Final EIR, p. 47) • The Project will provide 5.8 acres of land for a community park plus .44 acres for the City's equestrian trail, which exceeds the City's mitigation requirements and Project impacts. (Final EIR, p. 212) •_ The Project will provide improved non-vehicular circulation through its addition of the .44 acres of equestrian trails to the City's planned trail network. This will encourage non- vehicular circulation, and provide passive recreation areas. In addition, preservation of the adjacent Edison utility corridors, which are planned for trail alignments in the future, will expand non-vehicular circulation. (Final EIR, p. 213.) • Development of the Project will help improve overall fire safety in the area by permanently removing brush and trees from the Project site, and adding water service to improve fire- fighting capabilities. The danger for fire in this urbanizing area was aptly demonstrated by the recent Grand Prix area. The Project site will also be design to have two access points for emergency services, and improve access generally to the area by providing new roads and additional signalization of existing roads. (Final EIR, p. 155.) • Development of the Project will improve the flood control programs of the County Flood Control District because of the additional off-site facilities that are proposed as mitigation for the Project's development. (Final EIR, pp. 177-180.) The construction of these facilities, with funds coming in part from the Project's developer, will likely exceed the Project's impact because the Project's hydrolic studies indicate that a 100-year flood event will be contained within the existing Etiwanda Channel even without mitigation. (Final EIR, p. 78.) • The Project will provide a positive economic benefit to public services. That is, the Project is likely to generate more revenues than expected costs for County services through sales taxes, subventions and other taxes which help fund government services. (Final EIR, p. 182-183; see also the Fiscal Impact Assessment Materials contained in Appendix C of the Final EIR) The City Council or Planning Commission hereby declares that, having reduced the adverse significant environmental effects of the Project to the extent feasible by adopting the proposed mitigation measures, having considered the entire administrative record on the Project, and having weighed the benefits of the Project against its unavoidable adverse impacts after mitigation, the City Council or Planning Commission has determined that the social, economic, and environmental benefits of the Project outweigh the potential unavoidable adverse impacts and render those potential adverse environmental impacts acceptable based upon the identified overriding considerations: 80 XI. CERTIFICATION OF FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT The City Council or Planning Commission finds that it has reviewed and considered the Final EIR in evaluating the Project, that the Final EIR is an accurate and objective statement that fully complies with the CEQA, State CEQA Guidelines and the County's local CEQA Guidelines and that the Final EIR reflects the independent judgment of the City Council or Planning Commission. The City Council or Planning Commission declares that no significant new impacts or information as defined by State CEQA Guidelines section 15088.5 has been received by the City after circulation of the Draft EIR that requires recirculation. All of the information added to the Final EIR merely clarifies, amplifies or makes insignificant modifications to an already adequate EIR pursuant to State CEQA Guidelines section 15088.5(b). The City hereby certifies the Final EIR based on the following findings and conclusions: A. Findings: The following significant environmental impacts have been identified in the Final EIR and will require mitigation as set forth in this document but cannot be mitigated to a level of insignificance: air quality, biological resources and aesthetics. B. Conclusions: 1. All potentially significant environmental impacts from implementation of the Project have been identified in the Final EIR and with implementation of the mitigation measures identified will be mitigated to a level of insignificance except for those impacts listed in Section IV above. 2. Other reasonable alternatives to the Project have been considered but these alternatives have been rejected because they fail to meet the basic objectives of the Project and/or are infeasible. 3. Environmental economic social and other considerations and benefits derived from the Project override the Project's significant environmental impacts. XII. CUSTODIAN OF RECORD 81 The documents and materials that constitute the records of proceedings on which these findings have been based are located at. The custodian for these records is the City. This information is provided in compliance with Public Resources Code section 21081.6. 82 MITIGATION MONITORING CHECKLIST Project File No.: SCH# 2003081085 Tract Development Project Applicant: Tracy Development Prepared by: Kent Norton — Michael Brandman Associates Date: April 28. 2004 Mitigation Measures No. . . g of Method . Implementing Action for Monitoring FrequencyDate/initials Non-Compliance 1.0 Land Use and Planning 1-1 Prior to recordation of each phase,or issuance of grading CP Prior to Recordation or C, D 1,2 permits for each phase,the applicant shall submit and obtain recordation grading permit approval of a landscape plan that demonstrates compliance or issuance issuance with the City of Rancho Cucamonga's Neighborhood Theme of grading Plan in the Etiwanda North Specific Plan,to the satisfaction of permits for the City Planning Department. each phase 2.0 Population and Housing None Required 3.0 Earth Resources 3-1 Prior to the issuance of building permits, the developer BO B Prior to building C 2 shall demonstrate that each lot is buildable &complies with permit issuance the recommendations and general earthwork and grading specifications found in the RMA Group Geotechnical Investigation (DEIR Appendix C). This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Building Official. 3-2 Prior to the issuance of grading permits and/or BO B Prior to grading C 1, 2 recordation of each phase, a detailed geologic and permit issuance geotechnical investigation shall be prepared and approved for and/or recordation the residential building areas and all roads. The report shall of each phase demonstrate that each lot is buildable and identify potential geologic and soil limitations and recommend appropriate engineering and design measures to adequately protect structures and inhabitants. This report shall also examine the drainage area adjacent to East Etiwanda Creek to identify potential landslide, erosion, or other slopes that could affect the residential area. Subsequent foundation and other design guidelines in these studies shall be consistent with the standards established in the RMA Group Geotechnical Investigation (DEIR Appendix C). This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer. • 9n Mitigation Measures No. Responsible . . . Timing of Method . . ns forImplementing Action for Monitoring Frequency Verification Verification D. 3.0 Earth Resources • - - s s= ,, , .�""� .. ;:rdi°� � <:,�. - ,, 3-3 Prior to the issuance of grading permits and/or BO B Prior to grading C 1, 2 recordation, construction measures recommended by the permit issuance detailed geological investigation identified in Measure 3-2 and/or recordation shall be identified on grading plans and implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer. 3-4 Prior to the issuance of a grading permit for each phase, BO B C Prior to grading A, C 2,4 the developer shall prepare and submit a Dust Control Plan to permit issuance the City that meets all applicable requirements of the for each phase SCAOMD. The Plan must be approved by the City Building and Safety Department, prior to issuance of the grading permit and demonstrate that methods are in place to assure the following: a)Areas disturbed by construction activities and/or used to store backfill materials, will be sprayed with water at least twice a day, in the morning and afternoon, or more often if fugitive dust is observed migrating from the site. b)Storage piles, which are to be left in place for more than three working days shall either be sprayed with a non-toxic soil binder or covered with plastic or revegetated until placed in use. c)Tires of vehicles will be washed before the vehicle leaves the project site and enters a paved road. d)Dirt on paved surfaces shall be removed daily to minimize generation of fugitive dust. 3-5 Prior to the issuance of building permits,where cut and CP B Prior to building A 2 fill slopes are created higher than three feet, a detailed permit issuance Landscape and Irrigation Plan shall be submitted to the City Planning Department prior to grading plan approval. The plans shall be reviewed for type and density of ground cover, shrubs, and trees, and shall be consistent with the Neighborhood Theme Plan of the Etiwanda North Specific Plan. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planner. 3-6 Prior to the issuance of building permits, graded, but BO B, C Prior to building A, C 2, 3 undeveloped land shall be maintained weed-free and planted permit issuance with interim landscaping within ninety days of completion of grading,unless building permits are obtained. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Building Official. 2OF21 Mitigation Implementing 3.0 Earth Resources 3-7 Prior to the issuance of occupancy permits, planting of CE B, C Prior to A,C 3 developed land shall comply with the National Pollutant occupancy permit Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Best Management issuance Practices Construction Handbook Section 6.2. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer. 3-8 Prior to the issuance of building permits,all grading shall BO B,C Prior to building A,C 2 be conducted in conformance with the recommendations permit issuance contained within the Geotechnical Report included as DEIR Appendix B. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer. 4.0 Water Resources 4-1 Prior to the issuance of a grading permit,the developer CE B Prior to grading A,C 2 shall obtain Clean Water Act Section 401 and 404 permits(for permit issuance water quality certification for dredge and fill operations), if necessary,from the U.S.Army Corps of Engineers. Copies of the same shall be provided to City Building and Safety. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer. 4-2 Prior to issuance of the first occupancy permit, the CE B Prior to issuance B 3 planned revetment along the East Etiwanda Channel adjacent of first occupancy to the project site shall be installed,subject to approval by the permit San Bernardino County Flood Control District and receipt of that approval to the City Engineer. 4-3 Prior to the recordation of each phase or approval of a CE B Prior to the A, B, C 1. 2 grading permit, the project proponent will implement the on- recordation of and off-site drainage system improvements as outlined in the each phase or project Drainage Study (DEIR Appendix D). This includes - approval of a detention facilities proposed at 24th Street(Wilson Avenue) grading permit and Etiwanda Creek or onsite, participation in the County's Etiwanda Creek fee program, and participation in the City of Rancho Cucamonga's Etiwanda/San Sevaine Area Drainage Policy program, including appropriate fair share fees. Implementation of this measure is subject to review and approval by the City Engineer prior to issuance of a grading permit. 3OF21 Mitigation Measures No. I Responsible Monitoring Timing of Method of Verified Sanctions for Implementing Action for Monitoring Frequency Verification Verification Date/initials Non-Compliance 4.0 Water Resources . :, », � -., 4-4 Prior to issuance of building permits,the applicant shall CE B Prior to building D 2 submit to the City Engineer for approval of a Water Quality permit issuance Management Plan (WQMP), including a project description and identifying Best Management Practices (BMPs)that will be used on-site to reduce pollutants into the storm drain system to the maximum extent practicable. The WQMP shall identify the structural and non-structural measures consistent with the Guidelines for New Development and Redevelopment adopted by the City of Rancho Cucamonga June 2000. 4-5 Prior to issuance of grading or paving permits,applicant CE B Prior to grading or D 2 shall submit to the City Engineer a Notice of Intent(NOI)to paving permits comply with obtaining coverage under the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System(NPDES)General Construction Storm Water Permit from the State Water Resources Control Board. Evidence that this has been obtained (i.e.,a copy of the Waste Dischargers Identification Number) shall be submitted to the City Engineer for coverage under the NPDES General Construction Permit. 4-6 Prior to the issuance of building permits, drainage and CE B Prior to building A, C 2 flood control facilities and improvements shall be designed permit issuance and constructed in accordance with the San Bernardino County Flood Control District requirements, as applicable. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the County Flood Control District and receipt of approval by the City Engineer. 4-7 Prior to issuance of a grading permit,the developer will CE B Prior to grading C 2 pay the required drainage fee related to the San Bernardino permit issuance County Flood Control District Etiwanda Creek watershed. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the County Flood Control District and receipt of approval by the City Engineer. 4OF21 Mitigation Measures No. / Responsible Implementing Action for Monitoring Frequency Verification Verification Date/Initials Non-Compliance 5.0 Transportation and Circulation 11 " 1 - 5-1 Prior to the issuance of the first occupancy permit for the CE D Prior to first B. D 3 project, the following intersections are projected to be occupancy permit warranted for traffic signals by opening year: issuance • Day Creek Boulevard (NS)at Banyan Avenue(EW) • Day Creek Boulevard (NS) at SR-210 West Bound Ramp (EW) • Day Creek Boulevard (NS) at SR-210 East Bound Ramp(EW) • Etiwanda Avenue (NS)at Banyan Avenue(EW) • Etiwanda Avenue (NS)at Wilson Avenue(EW) • East Avenue(NS)at Banyan Avenue (EW) The applicant shall make a fair share contribution, as identified in the project traffic report, to the traffic signal mitigation program of the County of San Bernardino and/or City of Rancho Cucamonga, as appropriate. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer. 5-2 Prior to the issuance of building permits for each phase, CE C Prior to building A, B,C 2 the project shall incorporate bus turn-outs and/or shelters if permit issuance required by Omni-Trans and/or the Transportation for each phase Commission. The project applicant shall'consult with and obtain clearance from these agencies to assure compliance with the Regional Mobility and Air Quality Management Plans. Confirmation of contact and compliance with their requirements shall be provided to the City Engineer. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer. 5-3 Prior to the issuance of building permits for each phase, CE B Prior to building C 2 the applicant shall pay a fair share basis for off-site permit issuance improvements as identified in the project traffic report. This for each phase measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer, including but not limited to the following: • 24'"Avenue (Wilson Avenue)from Etiwanda Avenue to Day Creek; • Day Creek Boulevard from 24'"(Wilson)to Highland Avenue; • 24'"(Wilson)between Etiwanda Avenue and Wardman Bullock Road; and • East Avenue from south of the project limit to 23rd Street. 5OF21 Mitigation Measures No. Responsible . . . Timing . od of Verified Sanctions . Implementing Action for Monitoring Frequency Verification Verification Date/initials Non-Compliance 5.0 Transportation and Circulation 5-4 Prior to the issuance of building permits for each phase, CE B Prior to building C 2 the applicant shall pay a"fair share"contribution towards off- permit issuance site impacts to linked roadways and intersections,as outlined for each phase in the project traffic report. The project share of the cost has been calculated based on the proportion of the project peak hour traffic contributed to the improvement location relative to the total new peak hour Year 2015 traffic volume. The project's fair share of identified intersection and roadway link cost is $63,818 as of the date of the traffic study. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of City Engineer, including any changes in the project's fair share contribution due to changes in the Consumer Price Index or similar public works measures. 5-5 Prior to issuance of an occupancy permit for the first CE D Prior to first A 3 residential unit, the developer shall construct East Avenue occupancy permit and Etiwanda Avenue to City standards, as outlined in the issuance project traffic report. These improvements will be made to the satisfaction of the City Engineer. 5-6 Prior to the issuance of grading permits,the developer CE B Prior to grading A, D 2 shall coordinate all construction-related activities to minimize permit issuance congestion and delay on local roadways,to the satisfaction of City Engineer. 6OF21 Mitigation Measures No. I Responsible Monitoring g of Method . Implementing Action for Monitoring Frequency Verification Verification Date/initials Non-Compliance 5.0 Transportation and Circulation 5-7 Prior to the issuance of grading permits, the developer BO B Prior to grading D 2 shall submit a Dust Control Plan (DCP) to the City Building permit issuance and Safety Department consistent with SCAQMD guidelines. The DCP shall include activities to reduce on-site and on-site dust production. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Building Official. Such activities shall include, but are not limited to,the following: a)Throughout grading and construction activities,exposed soil shall be kept moist through a minimum of twice daily watering to reduce fugitive dust. b)Street sweeping shall be conducted, when visible soil accumulations occur along site access roadways to remove dirt dropped by construction vehicles or dried mud carried off by trucks moving dirt or bringing construction materials. Site access driveways and adjacent streets will be washed if there are visible signs of any dirt track-out at the conclusion of any workday. c)AII trucks hauling dirt away from the site shall be covered to prevent the generation of fugitive dust. d)During high wind conditions(i.e.,wind speeds exceeding 25 mph), areas with disturbed soil will be watered hourly, and activities on unpaved surfaces shall be terminated until wind speeds no longer exceed 25 mph. 6.0. Air Quality - 6-1 During construction, all construction equipment shall be BO C City Inspectors to A 4 maintained in good operating condition so as to reduce monitor during operational emissions. Contractor shall ensure that all construction construction equipment is being properly serviced and maintained as per manufacturers' specifications. Maintenance records shall be available at the construction site for City verification. 6-2 Prior to the issuance of any grading permits, developer CP B Developer to C. D 2 shall submit construction plans to City denoting the proposed submit schedule and projected equipment use. Construction documentation of contractors shall provide evidence that low emission mobile compliance construction equipment will be utilized,or that their use was investigated and found to be infeasible for the project. Contractors shall also conform to any construction measures City Inspectors to A 4 imposed by the South Coast Air Quality Management District monitor (SCAQMD)as well as City Planning Staff. compliance 7OF21 Mitigation Measures No. Responsible of Verified Sanctions for ImplementingDate/initials Non-Compliance 6.0 Air Quality r >,n- e�e•a . � �a +.��w . ,_, 6-3 During construction,all paints and coatings shall meet or BO C City Inspectors to A 4 exceed performance standards noted in SCAQMD Rule 1113. monitor Paints and coatings shall be applied either by hand or high compliance volume, low-pressure spray, to the satisfaction of the City during painting Inspectors. 6-4 During construction, all asphalt shall meet or exceed BO C City Inspectors to A 4 performance standards noted in SCAQMD Rule 1108,to the monitor satisfaction of the City Inspectors. compliance during paving 6-5 During grading and construction, the prime contractor BO C City Inspectors to A 4 shall post signs requiring that trucks shall not be left idling for monitor prolonged periods (i.e., in excess of 10 minutes). compliance during construction 6-6 During construction, all construction equipment shall BO C City Inspectors to A 4 comply with SCAQMD Rules 402 and 403,to the satisfaction monitor of the City Inspectors. Additionally,contractors shall include compliance the following provisions: during • Reestablish ground cover on the construction site construction through seeding and watering; • Pave or apply gravel to any on-site haul roads; • Schedule activities to minimize the amounts of exposed excavated soil during and after the end of work periods; • Dispose of surplus excavated material in accordance with local ordinances and use sound engineering practices; • Sweep streets according to a schedule established by the City if silt is carried over to adjacent public thoroughfares or occurs as a result of hauling. Timing may vary depending upon time of year of construction; • -Suspend grading operations during high winds(i.e., wind speeds exceeding 25 mph)in accordance with Rule 403 requirements; and • Maintain a minimum 24-inch freeboard ratio on soils haul trucks or cover payloads using tarps or other suitable means. 8OF21 Mitigation Measures . Responsible . . Timing of Method of Verified Sanctions for Implementing Action for Monitoring Frequency Verification Verification Date/initials Non-Compliance 6.0 Air Quality 6-7 During grading, the site shall be treated with water or BO B City Inspectors to A, D 4 other soil-stabilizing agent (approved by SCAQMD and monitor Regional Water Quality Control Board [RWQCBj) daily to compliance reduce PMiu emissions, in accordance with SCAQMD Rule during grading 403.This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Inspectors. 6-8 Chemical soil stabilizers (approved by SCAQMD and BO C City Inspectors to A 4 RWQCB) shall be applied to all inactive construction areas monitor that remain inactive for 96 hours or more to reduce PMio compliance emissions. This measure shall be implemented to the during satisfaction of the City Inspectors. construction 6-9 During construction, contractors shall utilize electric or BO C City Inspectors to A 4 clean alternative fuel powered equipment where feasible. monitor This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the compliance City Inspectors. 6-10 During construction, contractors shall ensure that BO C City Inspectors to A 4 construction and grading plans include a statement that work monitor crews will shut off equipment when not in use. This measure compliance shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Inspectors. during construction 6-11 Prior to approval of building permits,the developer shall BO B Developer C 2 demonstrate that all residential structures have incorporated submits plans for high efficiency/low polluting healing, air conditioning, approval appliances and water heaters. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Building Official. 6-12 Priorto approval of building permits,the developershall BO B Developer C 2 demonstrate that all residential structures have incorporated submits plans for thermal pane windows and weather-stripping. This measure approval shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Building Official. 6-13 Prior to the issuance of building permits,the developer CP B Developer C, D 2 shall submit and obtain approval of a plan for the provision of submits plans for adequate pedestrian and bicycle facilities for project residents approval throughout the project. The plan shall detail the construction timing for bike racks at the two parks, sidewalks, and trails based upon completion prior to occupancy of the first unit of the subject phase. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department. 9OF21 ImplementingMitigation Measures No. Responsible Monitoring Timing of Method of Verified Sanctions for MonitoringFrequency Verification Verification Date 11nitials Non-Compliance 6.0. Air Quality ri: w e.v . N71 - 6-14 Prior to the issuance of the first occupancy permit,the CE B Developer C, D 2 applicant shall make a fair share contribution to a park and submits proof of ride facility along the 1-15 or 1-10 Freeways that would serve fee payment project residents. The fair share calculation shall be determined to the satisfaction of City Engineer. The applicant shall place the appropriate funds in a special accountfor such purposes. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer. 6-15 Prior to issuance of the first occupancy permit, the CE E Developer shall B, D 3 applicant shall provide a bus stop/shelter at the trailhead park construct bus to OmniTrans standards if so directed by OmniTrans, and to stop/shelter if the satisfaction of the City Engineer. needed 7.0 Biological Resources 7-1 If necessary, the applicant shall obtain the appropriate CP B Developer shall B, D 2 federal Clean Water Act(CWA)Section 404 permit from the obtain U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. If a permit is required, the determination applicant will mitigate any loss of jurisdictional land orwetland from USACOE if areas at a minimum 1:1 ratio, which is consistent with the permit is needed project delineation report. This measure shall be —developer shall implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning obtain if needed Department prior to the issuance of grading permits. 7-2 Prior to the issuance of a grading permit, the applicant CP B Developer shall B, D 2 shall obtain a CWA Section 401 Certification from the obtain Regional Water Quality Control Board, if necessary. This determination measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City from RWQCB if Planning Department priorto the issuance of grading permits. permit is needed —developer shall obtain if needed 7-3 If necessary, the applicant shall obtain a Streambed CP B Developer shall B, D 2 Alteration Agreement(SAA)from the California Department of obtain Fish and Game. If an SAA is required, the applicant will determination mitigate any loss of jurisdictional land ata minimum 1:1 ratio from CDFBG if as recommended by the project biology report. This measure permit is needed shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning —developer shall Department prior to the issuance of grading permits. obtain if needed 10 OF 21 Mitigation . . of Verified Sanctions for Im plementing Action for Monitoring Frequency Verification Verification Date/Initials Non-Compliance 7.0 Biolo 'cal Resources Y ua '.xy v ,rt Asx: m77 7-4 Prior to the issuance of occupancy permits, all CP D Developer shall A 3 manufactured slopes on the periphery of the development install required shall be landscaped as approved by Planning staff. This landscaping measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planner, prior to the issuance of occupancy permits for the first unit in each phase. Prior to recordation of each phase, the phase map shall contain a note requiring this measure. 7-5 Prior to issuance of a grading permit,the applicant shall CP B Developer shall B, D 2 acquire and convey to the County Special District OS-1 or provide proof of other appropriate conservation organization 164 acres of land CSD within or near the NEOSHPP area that supports alluvial fan establishment sage scrub and/or upland sage scrub. This measure is proposed to mitigate the potential loss of habitat for sensitive plant and animal species,and the loss of raptor foraging land. This offsite mitigation land(OML)shall be of equal or greater habitat value than that of the project site. The identification and transfer of OML will be to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department,in accordance with the guidelines of the NEOSHPP. All reasonable efforts will be made to locate the OML within or near the NEOSHPP area. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department. 7-6 Prior to the issuance of grading permits, a protocol CP B Biologist shall D 2 gnatcatcher survey shall be conducted. If any individuals or conduct protocol nesting pairs of birds are found onsite, the developer shall surveys before obtain appropriate take authorization and additional mitigation grading land shall be added to the amount of Offsite Mitigation Land (OML) described in Measure 7-5 according to the following minimum ratios: individual = 15 acres, nested pair = 30 acres. If gnatcatchers are found onsite, an Incidental Take Permit would be required from the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service either by a Section 10(a)permit or through a Section 7 Consultation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department. 11 OF 21 Mitigation Measures . Responsible Monitoringof Method of Verified Sanctions for Implementing Action for Monitoring Frequency Verification Verification Date/Initials Non-Compliance t "' ,,c,�ta•.,�,.... r,.e¢^. t i�iR,,,. t't�^gn 4 ,,, k 7.0 Biological Resourc es a, Tib S Y 7-7 Prior to the issuance of a grading permit,the developer CP B Biologist shall D 2 shall conduct a protocol survey for the San Bernardino conduct protocol kangaroo rat (SBKR) and the Santa Ana wooly star within surveys before those areas of East Etiwanda Creek within 50 feet of the grading "punch through" connection of the new northern drainage channel to the creek channel. This survey is to verify that these species do not occupy area to be disturbed by construction. If SBKR and/or Santa Ana wooly star are found to be present,the developer shall comply with applicable U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service requirements, which may include obtaining a federal Endangered Species Act Section 10(a) permit or a Section 7 Consultation through the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. SBKR or wooly star habitat disturbed by construction will be mitigated at a minimum ratio of 2:1 subject to any subsequent USF&WS permit conditions and receipt or notification to the City Planning Department. 7-8 If grading of the site has not occurred before February 15 CP B Biologist shall D 2 of 2005, protocol surveys for SBKR and gnatcatchers will be conduct protocol performed over the entire site, and each spring thereafter, surveys before until grading is completed. Any occupied habitat found during grading those surveys for either species will be added to the amount of offsite mitigation land required under the Draft EIR (164 acres). 7-9 The developer to provide an appropriate contribution for CP B Developer shall B 2 the project toward funding a local brown-headed cowbird demonstrate proof trapping program to further benefit gnatcatchers in this area. of payment The amount of this contribution, and the location of the trapping program, shall be determined by the City in consultation with the California Department of Fish and Game. The contribution shall be made prior to grading,to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department in consultation with the California Department of Fish and Game. 7-10 Prior to issuance of grading permits,a qualified biologist CP B Biologist shall D 2 shall conduct a survey for nesting birds on the site. Any conduct protocol occupied nest shall be avoided and separated by at least200 surveys before feet from ground-disturbing activities. Nesting areas are to be grading marked by orange construction fencing. The biologist shall verify a nest has been abandoned prior to removing the fencing and commencing ground-disturbing activities in any of these areas. 12 OF 21 Mitigation Measures No. Responsible Monitoring Timing of Method of Verified Sanctions for Implementing Action for Monitoring Frequency Verification Verification Date Ifinitials Non-Compliance 8.0 Energy and Mineral Resources None Required 9.0 Hazards 9-1 Prior to the issuance of grading permits, the developer CE B Developer shall B, D 2 shall submit a plan to the Rancho Cucamonga Fire Protection submit plan for District (RCFPD) for each phase for the proper clean up of review and any hazardous or toxic substance that is discovered or approval by released during construction. The plan will require the RCFPD developer to properly clean-up and remove any contaminated soil or other material;restore the affected area to background conditions or to regulatory threshold levels for the contaminant(s) accidentally released or discovered; and deliver the contaminated material to an appropriate treatment, recycling,or landfill facility in accordance with the regulations for the type of contaminant accidentally released and collected for management. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the RCFPD. 9-2 Each individual lot owner will be required to maintain their BO E RCFPD to A Notice/Fine for side and back yards with 30 feet of irrigated"firewise"Zone 1 conduct annual RCFPD to perform landscaping or equivalent. No buildings are to be built within inspections required work if this setback area. Swimming pools and non-combustible needed deck coverings are permissible. Any remaining portion of the backyard lot will be maintained to either Zone 1 or Zone 2 criteria depending on the lot depth. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Rancho Cucamonga Fire Protection District. 9-3 Landscape and maintenance for the manufactured BO E RCFPD to A Notice/Fine for slopes common areas will be to Zone 2 criteria. These areas conduct annual RCFPD to perform may be irrigated,ornamental firewise landscaping,or planted inspections required work if with native fire resistant plants and trees. Access points needed every 500 feet shall be available to perform annual maintenance. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Rancho Cucamonga Fire Protection District. 13 OF 21 Mitigation . . of . . . VerificationImplementing Action for Monitoring Frequency Date/initials Non-Compliance 9.0 Hazards " - ' 9-4 A special fuel modification zone easement shall be BO E RCFPD to A Notice/Fine for located outside and adjacent to the northern project boundary conduct annual RCFPD to perform within the electric utility corridor and on flood control district inspections required work if land where all native and exotic vegetation will be treated to needed Zone 2 criteria on a strip of land 50 feet in width. Also,a Fuel Modification Zone Easement of 75 feet in width will be created and maintained by the maintenance authority adjacent to the east side of Lot 46, Phase 4. Alternatively,the tentative tract map may be modified to allow an appropriate onsite Fuel Modification Zone along the northern boundary if the electric corridor cannot be used. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Rancho Cucamonga Fire Protection District. 9-5 All residential structures within the Tract 14749 BO D RCFPD or City to A 3 development will be built with a Class A Roof Assembly, conduct including a Class A roof covering and attic or foundation inspections ventilation louvers or ventilation openings in vertical walls shall not exceed 144 square inches per opening. These opening shall be covered with % inch mesh corrosion- resistant metal screening or other approved material that offers equivalent protection. Attic ventilation shall also comply with the requirements of the Uniform Building Code(U.B.C.). Ventilation louvers and openings may be incorporated as part of access assemblies. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Rancho Cucamonga Fire Protection District. 9-6 A six-foot high solid non-combustible wall shall be CP D Developer to A 3 constructed along the entire length of the north,east and west construct property lines to minimize fire danger. This measure shall be perimeter walls implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department. 9-7 Prior to the issuance of the first occupancy permit, the CP D Developer to A 3 applicant shall provide signs along the community trails, prepare and including the west bank of East Etiwanda Creek, that warn install signs per residents of the potential risk of wildlife/human interactions. City direction The wording, design, number, and placement of the signs shall be to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department. 14 OF 21 Mitigation Measures No. Responsible Monitoring Timing of Method of Verified Sanctions for Implementing Action for Monitoring Frequency Verification Verification Date/initials Non-Compliance 9:0 Hazards' . p• ter` � , 9-8 The applicant shall provide wildlife resistant trash CP D Developer shall A 3 receptacles at the parks and other public facilities to prevent provide required foraging by local wildlife. The design and placement of the facilities receptacles shall be to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department. 10.0 Noise 10-1 Construction or grading noise levels shall not exceed CP C Developer shall A 4 the standards specified in Development Code Section retain noise 17.02.120-D, as measured at the property line. Developer consultant to shall hire a consultant to perform weekly noise level perform required monitoring as specified in Development Code Section monitoring 17.02.120. Monitoring at other times may be required by the Planning Division. Said consultant shall report their findings to the Planning Division within 24 hours; however, if noise levels exceed the above standards,then the consultant shall immediately notify the Planning Division. If noise levels exceed the above standards,then construction activities shall be reduced in intensity to a level of compliance with above noise standards or halted. 10-2 During construction, haul truck deliveries shall not take BO C City Inspectors to A 4 place between the hours of 8:00 p.m. and 6:30 a.m. on monitor weekdays, including Saturday,or at any time on Sunday or a compliance national holiday. Additionally,if heavy trucks used for hauling during would exceed 100 daily trips (counting both to and from the construction construction site), then the developer shall prepare a noise mitigation plan denoting any construction traffic haul routes. To the extent feasible,the plan shall denote haul routes that do not pass sensitive land uses or residential dwellings. 15 OF 21 Mitigation Measures No. Responsible Monitoring Timing of Method . Implementing Action for Monitoring Frequency Verification Verification Date/initials Non-Compliance 10.0 Noise 3",;�:.r: . 10-3 Prior to the issuance of grading and building permits for BO B Developer to D 2 each phase, the developer shall confirm to Building and submit Safety in writing that all construction equipment, fixed or documentation of mobile,shall use properly operating mufflers.No combustion compliance to equipment,such as pumps or generators,shall be allowed to City operate within 500 feet of any occupied residence from 6:30 p.m.to 7 a.m.unless the equipment is surrounded by a noise protection barrier. Stationary equipment shall be placed in such a manner as emitted noise is directed away from sensitive receptors. Additionally, stockpiling of vehicles and staging areas shall be located as far as practical from sensitive noise receptors as well. The developer shall include this provision and adherence to all conditions of approval as a requirement of all construction contracts for this site. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department. 10-4 Prior to the issuance of grading and/or building permits, CP B Developer C 2 all construction staging shall be performed at least 500 feet submits plan to from occupied dwellings. The location of staging areas, as City for review indicated on the grading plan, will be subject to review and C Ci Inspectors A 4 approval by the City Planning Department. City monitor 10-5 Prior to the issuance of building permits for each phase, BO B Developer shall C, D 2 the developer will document that exterior residential areas will submit proof of have exterior noise levels of less than 65 dB CNEL, to the compliance satisfaction of the City Building and Safety Department. 10-6 Prior to the issuance of occupancy permits for each BO D Developer shall D 3 phase,the developer shall documentthat interior living areas submit proof of have noise levels less than 45 dB CNEL,to the satisfaction of compliance the Building and Safety Department. 10-7 Prior to the issuance of building permits for each phase, BO D City Inspectors to A, D 2 the developer shall incorporate site designs and measures to verify compliance help reduce proposed noise levels over the long-term. Residential lots with rear yards or side yards adjacent to collector streets(i.e.Lower Crest)shall be constructed with a 6-foot block wall along the perimeter or demonstrate with an additional noise study that ultimate traffic volumes onsite will not exceed the noise performance standards in the City Development Code to the satisfaction of the Building and Safety Department. 16 OF 21 Mitigation Measures No. Responsible of Implementing Action for Monitoring Frequency Method . VerificationDate/initials Non-Compliance 11.0 Public Services 11-1 Prior to the issuance of building permits for each phase, BO B Developer to D 2 the developer and/or individual homebuilders shall pay all submit proof of legally established public service fees, including police,fire, fee payments schools, parks, and libraries to the affected public agencies as stipulated in the Development Agreement. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Building and Safety Department. 11-2 Prior to the issuance of building permits for each phase, CP B Developer to C 2 the developer and/or individual homebuilders shall comply submit plans to with all design requirements of affected public agencies such agencies for as police, fire, health, etc. This measure shall be review and implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning approval Department. 11-3 Prior to the issuance of building permits for each phase, FC B Developer to C 2 the applicant shall obtain approval of the Fire Department with submit plans to regard to determination of adequate fire flow and installation RCFD for review of acceptable fire resistant structural materials in project and approval buildings. 11-4 Prior to the issuance of occupancy permits for each BO D Developer shall B 3 phase, the applicant shall pay all legally established impact submit proof of fees to the Etiwanda School District and the Chaffey Joint payment of school Union High School Distrct in accordance with state law, fees Proof of such payment shall be submitted to City Building and Safety Department. 11-5 Prior to recordation for each phase,the developer shall CE B Developer shall D 1 post a bond in an amount to be determined by the City demonstrate Engineering Department to ensure installation and payment of bond maintenance of all public and private roads and drainage facilities necessary for each phase of the project. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer. 12.0 Utilities 12-1 Prior to the issuance of building permits for each phase, BO B Developer shall B 2 the applicant shall provide funding to the Cucamonga County demonstrate Water District for sewer service. Additionally,the Cucamonga payment County Water District will be required to provide funds to the Inland Empire Utilities Agency for treatment of the project's wastewater. Proof of such payment shall be submitted to the City Building and Safety Department. 17 OF 21 Mitigation Measures No. Responsible g of Method . Implementing Action for Monitoring Frequency Verification Verification Date/initials Non-Compliance 12.0 Utilities 12-2 Prior to the issuance of grading permits, development CE B Developer shall B 2 plans shall be provided to Southern California Edison, the submit proof of Gas Company, and Verizon, as they become available in review and order to facilitate engineering, design and construction of approval by other improvements necessary to provide electrical, natural gas, agencies and telephone service to the project site. This shall be done to the satisfaction of the City Engineer. 12-3 Prior to the issuance of building permits,the applicant CE B Developer shall B 2 shall apply for and obtain will-serve letters from SCE,SCGC, submit service and Verizon and place them on file with the City Engineer. letters from other agencies 12-4 Prior to the issuance of building permits,the applicant CE B Developer shall B, C 2 shall comply with the guidelines provided by SCE,SCGC,and submit proof of Verizon in regard to easement restrictions, construction review and guidelines, protection of pipeline easements, and potential approval by other amendments to right-of-way in the areas of any existing agencies easements of these companies. This shall be done to the satisfaction of the City Engineer. 13.0 Aesthetics 13-1 All outdoor lighting shall be submitted to the Planning CP B Developer shall C 2 Department for plan check and shall comply with the submit lighting requirements of Etiwanda North Specific Plan design plans to City for guidelines and the City General Plan. This measure shall be review and implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planner. approval 13-2 Prior to issuance of building permits the developer shall CE B Developer shall C 2 submit construction plans for any signage associated with the submit signage site, including entrance monuments (but excluding street plans to City for signs and traffic signs), primarily of natural appearing review and materials (i.e.wood and rock), consistent with the Etiwanda approval North Specific Plan design guidelines. If signs are lighted, light must be directed toward the sign rather than backlighting. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department. 13-3 Prior to final inspection or occupancy of each phase,the CP D City Planners to A 3 City will evaluate the site lighting,including entrance lighting, inspect lighting The lighting will be adequately shielded or directed to minimize on-and offsite impacts,to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department. 18 OF 21 , Mitigation Measures No. Responsible Monitoring Timing of of Verified Sanctions for Implementing Action for Monitoring Frequency Verification Verification Date/initials Non-Compliance 13.0 Aesthetics 13-4 Prior to recordation for each phase,the developer will BO B Developer to D 1 provide the telephone numbers of persons to contact if there provide numbers are complaints about noise, odors, night-lighting, etc. from to City activities on the project site. This information should be displayed on a sign visible from the entrance to the development. This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Building and Safety Department. 13-5 Prior to issuance of building permits the developer will CP B Developer to C 2 prepare a detailed landscaping and wall treatment plan for the submit landscape Phase 1 area along the "Lower West Collector," to the plans to City for satisfaction of the City Planning Department.Special attention review and shall be given to the landscape treatments along Etiwanda approval Avenue and East Avenue and at entrances to the project. 14.0 Cultural Resources 14-1 A qualified paleontologist shall conduct a CP B Developer to A, B. D 2 preconstruction field survey of the project site. The retain pal to paleontologist shall submit a report of findings that will also survey site provide specific recommendations regarding further mitigation measures (i.e., paleontological monitoring) that may be appropriate. Where mitigation monitoring is appropriate,the program must include, but not be limited to, the following measures: • Assign a paleontological monitor, trained and equipped to allow the rapid removal of fossils with minimal construction delay,to the site full-time during the interval of earth-disturbing activities; • Should fossils be found within an area being cleared or graded,divert earth-disturbing activities elsewhere until the monitor has completed salvage. If construction personnel make the discovery, the grading contractor should immediately divert construction and notify the monitor of the find; and Submit summary report to City of Rancho Cucamonga. Transfer collected specimens with a copy of the report to San Bernardino County Museum. 19 OF 21 Mitigation Measures No. . . of Verified Sanctions for ImplementingDate/initials Non-Compliance 14.0 Cultural Resources ' 14-2 If any prehistoric archaeological resources are CP C Developer will A 4 encountered before or during grading, the developer will retain archaeo retain a qualified archaeologist to monitor construction monitor activities,to take appropriate measures to protector preserve them for study. With the assistance of the archaeologist,the City of Rancho Cucamonga will: • Enact interim measures to protect undesignated sites from demolition or significant modification withoutan opportunity for the City to establish its archaeological value; • Consider establishing provisions to require incorporation of archaeological sites within new developments,using their special qualities as a theme or focal point; • Pursue educating the public about the area's archaeological heritage; • Propose mitigation measures and recommend conditions of approval to eliminate adverse project effects on significant, important, and unique prehistoric resources,following appropriate CEQA guidelines; • Prepare a technical resources management report, documenting the inventory, evaluation, and proposed mitigation of resources within the project area. Submit one copy of the completed report with original illustrations, to the San Bernardino County Archaeological Information Center for permanent archiving; and • If artifacts of Native American (NA) origin are discovered,official representatives of the NA group will be consulted to determine the most appropriate disposition of the artifacts, to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department in agreement with County Museum and the NA group. 15.0 Agricultural Resources None Required 16.0 Recreation 16-1 The applicant will submit conceptual park design and CP B Developer to C 2 landscaping plans to the City subject to the approval of the submit park plans City Planning Department. to City for review and approval 20 OF 21 Key to Checklist Abbreviations Responsible Person Monitoring Frequency Method of Verification Sanctions CDD-Community Development Director or designee A-With Each New Development A-On-site Inspection 1 -Withhold Recordation of Final Map CP-City Planner or designee B-Prior To Construction B-Other Agency Permit/Approval 2-Withhold Grading or Building Permit CE-City Engineer or designee C-Throughout Construction C-Plan Check 3-Withhold Certificate of Occupancy BO-Building Official or designee D-On Completion D-Separate Submittal(Reports/Studies I Plans) 4-Stop Work Order PO-Police Captain or designee E-Operating 5-Retain Deposit or Bonds FC-Fire Chief or designee 6-Revoke CUP 21 OF 21