Loading...
The URL can be used to link to this page
Your browser does not support the video tag.
Home
My WebLink
About
2004/06/09 - Agenda Packet
JUNE 9, 2004 PLANNING COMMISSION AGENDA INDEX ITEM NO. ITEM TITLE PAGES A enda 2 - 5 A Tree Removal Permit DRC2004-00368 6 B Develo ment Review DRC2003-00880 7 - 65 C Tentative Parcel Ma SUBTPM16480 66 - 77 D Variance DRC2004-00376 78 - 91 E Non-Construction Conditional Use Permit 92 - 104 DRC2004-00454 F, G, H, I, J Environmental Impact Report and Annexation 105 - 554 DRC2003-01051 Environmental impact Report and General Plan Amendment DRC2003-00410 Environmental Impact Report and Etiwanda North Specific Plan Amendment DRC2003- 00409 Environmental Impact Report and Tentative Tract Map SUBTT14749 Environmental Impact Report and Development A reement DRC2003-00411 K Prelimina Review DRC2004-00521 555 - 569 /" C~ • • THE CITY OF RANCHO CUCAMONGA PLANNING COMMISSION AGENDA CUCAMONGA JUNE 9, 2004 - 7:00 PM Rancho Cucamonga Civic Center Council Chambers 10500 Civic Center Drive Rancho Cucamonga, California I. CALL TO ORDER Roll Cail Chairman Macias Vice Chairman McNiel Fletcher _ McPhail _ Stewart _ II. ANNOUNCEMENTS III. APPROVAL OF MINUTES April 14, 2004 Adjourned Meeting May 26, 2004 IV. CONSENT CALENDAR The following Consent Calendar~tems are expected to be routine and non-controversial They will be acted on by the Commission at one time without discussion If anyone has concern over any dem, it should be removed for d~scuss~on A TREE REMOVAL PERMIT DRC2004-00368 -TOLL BROTHERS - A request to remove and replace a windrow of Eucalyptus trees that is identified for preservation by the Planning Commission in conjunction with an approved tract map and development review in the Very Low Residential (1-2 dwelling units per acre) District of the Etiwanda Specific Plan, located at the southeast corner of Etiwanda Avenue and the 210 Freeway - APN 0227-051-06 Related files Tentatroe Tract Map SUBTT16279, Development Review DRC2002-00964, and Landmark Alteration Permit DRC2004-00373 V~, PLANNING COMMISSION AGENDA JUNE 9, 2004 2 RANCHO C.UCAMONGA B DEVELOPMENT REVIEW DRC2003-00880 - PACIFIC CREST COMMUNITIES INC -CARRIAGE ESTATES III -The design review of 33 single-family residences on 28 7 acres of land in the Very Low Residential and Estate Residential Districts (1-2 and 1-1 dwelling units per acre, respectively) of the Etiwanda Specific Plan, located north of Banyan Street between Etiwanda and Bluegrass Avenues -APN 0225-111-18, 20, 24, 25, and 27 Related Files Tentative Tract Map SUBTT16466 and Tree Removal Permit DRC2003-00533 This action is within the scope of the protect (Tentatve Tract Map SUBTT16466) for which the Planning Commission adopted a Mitigated Negative Declaration on November 12, 2003, and no additional environmental review for this discretionary action is required pursuant to Public Resources Code Section 21166 C TENTATIVE PARCEL MAP SUBTPM16480 - LEW IS RETAIL CENTERS - A review of the Covenants, Conditions, & Restrictions (CC&Rs) for Tentative Parcel Map SUBTPM16480 (approved by Planning Commission April 28, 2004) on 26 13 acres of land in the existing Terra Vista Town Center shopping center, located at the northwest corner of Foothtll Boulevard and Spruce Street -APN 1077-422-26 and 70 V. PUBLIC HEARINGS The following items are public hearings to which concerned individuals may voice their opinion of the related pro/ect Please wad to be recognized by the Chairman and address the Comm~ss~on by stating your name and address All such opinions shall be limited to 5 minutes per individual for each pro/ect Please sign in after speaking D VARIANCE DRC2004-00376-ANDRESENARCHITECTURE-A request fora 5-toot reduction in the requred minimum 32-foot front yard setback for a dwelling expansion in the Low Residential District (2-4 dwelling units per acre), located at 9666 Hampshire Street -APN 0208-372-01 E NON-CONSTRUCTION CONDITIONAL USE PERMIT DRC2004-00454 - LEWIS COMPANIES - A request to install an off-site temporary leasing office trailer for the Homecoming protect, located at the southwest corner of Church Street and Malaga Drive -APN 0227-151-49 F ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT AND ANNEXATION DRC2003-01051 - TRAIGH PACIFIC - A proposed Annexation of approximately 240 acres of land into the City of Rancho Cucamonga, located within the Etiwanda North Specific Plan north of the lower SCE corridor between Etiwanda Avenue and East Avenue -APN 0225-083-05, 06, 07, 10, 21 thru 26 and 0225-084-02 and 03 Related Fdes Tentative Tract Map SUBTT14749, Etiwanda North Specific Plan Amendment DRC2003-00409, General Plan Amendment DRC2003-00410, and Development Agreement DRC2003-00411 • n lJ J C~ PLANNING COMMISSION AGENDA JUNE 9, 2004 ]tnxcxo CUCAMONGA 3 G ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT AND GENERAL PLAN AMENDMENT DRC2003-00410 - TRAIGH PACIFIC - A proposed General Plan Amendment of approximately 168 77 acres of land from Very Low Residential (1-2 dwelling units per acre), to Low Residential (2-4 dwelling units per acre) and Conservation, for land located north of the SCE corridor betweenEtiwandaAvenueandEastAvenue-APN 0225-083-05, 06, 07, 10, 22, 23, 25, and 26 and 0225-084-02 Related Files Annexation DRC2003-01051, Tentatroe Tract Map SUBTT14749, Etiwanda North Speafic Plan Amendment DRC2003-00409 and Development Agreement DRC2003-00411 H ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT AND ETIWANDA NORTH SPECIFIC PLAN AMENDMENT DRC2003-00409 -TRAIGH PACIFIC - A proposed Etiwanda North Specific Plan Amendment of approximately 168 77 acres of land from Very-Low Residential (1-2 dwelling urnts per acre), to Low Residential (2-4 dwelling units per acre) and Flood Control/Resource Conservation and master-planned circulation modifications to the north, for land located north of the SCE corridor between Etiwanda Avenue and East Avenue -APN 0225-083-05, 06, 07, 10, 22, 23, 25, and 26 and 0225-084-02 Related Files Annexation DRC2003-01051, Tentative Tract Map SUBTT14749, General Plan Amendment DRC2003-00410 and Development Agreement DRC2003-00411 I ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT AND TENTATIVE TRACT MAP SUBTT14749 -TRAIGH PACIFIC - A proposed subdivision of 168 77 acres into 269 residential lots and a remainder parcel in the Low Residential District (2-4 dwelling units per acre) and Flood Control within the Etiwanda North Specific Plan, located north of the SCE Corridor between Etiwanda Avenue and East Avenue -APN 0225-083-05, 06, 07, 10, 22, 23, 25, and 26 and 0225-084-02 Related Files Annexation DRC2003-01051, Etiwanda North Specific Plan Amendment DRC2003-00409, General Plan Amendment DRC2003-00410, and Development Agreement DRC2003-00411 J ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT AND DEVELOPMENT AGREEMENT DRC2003-00411 -TRAIGH PACIFIC - A proposed i Development Agreement to address specific conditions of development and annexation for 168 77 acres of land within the Etiwanda North Specfic j Plan, located north of the SCE corridor between Etiwanda Avenue and I East Avenue -APN 0225-083-05, 06, 07, 10, 22, 23, 25, and 26 and 0225-084-02 Related Files Annexation DRC2003-1051, Tentative Tract Map SUBTT14749, Etiwanda North Speafic Plan Amendment DRC2003-00409 and General Plan Amendment DRC2003-00410 _,_, PLANNING COMMISSION AGENDA JUNE 9, 2004 4 jjnNCeo CUCAMONGA VI. DIRECTOR'S REPORTS K PRELIMINARY REVIEW DRC2004-00521 - ETIWANDA SCHOOL DISTRICT - A courtesy review of General Plan consistency of the proposed site acquisition of approximately 14 acres of land for an elementary school in the Low-Medium Residential District (4-8 dwelling units per acre) and Etiwanda South Overlay District, located on the south side of Miiler Avenue, approximately 400 feet east of Etiwanda Avenue - APN 1100-131-02 and the easterly 3 8 acres of 1100-131-01 VII. PUBLIC COMMENTS This is the time and place for the general public to address the commission Items to be discussed here are those that do not already appear on this agenda VIII. COMMISSION BUSINESS IX. ADJOURNMENT The Planning Commission has adopted Administrative Regulations that set an 11 00 p m adjournment time If items go beyond that time, theyshall be heard only wdh the consent of the Commission THE PLANNING COMMISSION WILL ADJOURN TO A WORKSHOP IMMEDIATELY FOLLOWING IN THE RAINS ROOM TO DISCUSS PRE- APPLICATION REVIEW DRC2004-00525 - O & S HOLDINGS, LLC I, Lois Schrader, Planning Division Secretary of the City of Rancho Cucamonga, or my designee, hereby certify that a true, accurate copy of the foregoing agenda was posted on June 3, 2004 at least 72 hours pnor to the meeting per Government Code Section 54964 2 at 10500 Civic Center Dnve, Rancho Cucamonga ~~ If you need special assistance or accommodations to participate in this meeting, please contact the Planning Division at (909) 477-2750 Notification of 48 hours prior to the meeting will enable the City to make reasonable arrangements to ensure accessibility Listening devices are available for the hearing impaired n U • • • Vicinity Map Planning Commission June 9.2004 J ~~ • * Meeting Location Rancho Cucamonga City Hall 10500 Civic Center Drive Rancho Cucamonga, CA 91730 City of Rancho Cucamonga N ~+ C C T H E C I T Y O F RANCtIO CUCAMONGA Staff Report DATE June 9, 2004 TO• Chairman and Members of the Historic Preservation and Plannng Commissions FROM. Brad Buller, City Planner BY Michael Smith, Assistant Planner SUBJECT LANDMARK ALTERATION PERMIT DRC2004-00373 -TOLL BROTHERS - A request to remove and replace a Historic Landmark Designated (City Counal Ordinance 141, April 1, 1981) windrow of Eucalyptus trees identified in the Etiwanda Specific Plan as historically significant, located along the north perimeter of an approved subdroision near the southeast corner of Etiwanda Avenue and the 210 Freeway - APN: 0227-051-06 Related files: Tentative Tract Map SUBTT16279, Development Review DRC2002-00964, and Tree Removal Permit DRC2004-00368 • TREE REMOVAL PERMIT DRC2004-00368 -TOLL BROTHERS - A request to remove and replace a windrow of Eucalyptus trees that is identified for preservation by the Planning Commission m confunction with an approved tract map and development review in the Very Low Residential (.1-2 dwelling units per acre) District of the Etiwanda Specific Plan, located at the southeast corner of Etiwanda Avenue and the 210 Freeway; APN- 0227-051-06 Related files Tentative Tract Map SUBTT16279, Development Review DRC2002-00964, and Landmark Alteration Permit DRC2004-00373 BACKGROUND This application was originally scheduled for a Planning Commission hearing on June 9, 2004 However, during staff's review it was determined that the removal of the trees is a substantial change to the landmark and therefore, the request is subfect to environmental review. Therefore, the applicant would need to complete and submit an Irntial Study (Part 1) of the Environmental Checklist Under the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) and Guidelines, the potential impact upon historic landmarks must be evaluated and potential mitigations and alternatives fully considered The CEQA process provides the opportunity for review and comment by the appropriate agenaes and interested parties To date, the applicant has not submitted this document and is reevaluating whether or not they want to proceed with this request RECOMMENDATION Staff recommends that the Historic Preservation and Planning Commissions continue Landmark Alteration Permit DRC2004-00373 and Tree Removal Permit DRC2004-00368 in order to allow for environmental review Respec submitted, B dB City Planner HPC "A" & PC "A" BB MS/ge T H E C I T Y O F R A N C U O C U C A M O N G A Staff Report DATE June 9, 2004 TO Chairman and Members of the Planning Commission FROM Brad Buller, Clty Planner BY. Larry Henderson, AICP, Principal Planner SUBJECT. DEVELOPMENT REVIEW DRC2003-00880 -PACIFIC CREST COMMUNITIES INC - CARRIAGE ESTATES III -The design review of 33 single-family residences on 28 7 acres of land In the Very Low Residential and Estate Residential Districts (1-2 and 1-1 dwelling units per acre, respectively) of the Etiwanda Specific Plan, located north of Banyan Street between Etiwanda and Bluegrass Avenues - APN 0225-111-18, 20, 24, 25, and 27 Related Files Tentative Tract Map SUBTT16466 and Tree Removal Permit DRC2003-00533 This action Is within the scope of the protect (Tentative Tract • Map SUBTT16466) for which the Planning Commission adopted a Mitigated Negative Declaration on November 12, 2003, and no additional environmental review for this discretionary action is required pursuant to Public Resources Code Section 21166 PROJECT AND SITE DESCRIPTION A. Project Density 1 15 dwelling units per acre North - Single-family residential homes; Very Low Residential (1-2 dwelling units per acre), Etiwanda Specific Plan South - Single-family residential homes, Very Low and Estate Residential (1-2 and 1-1 dwelling units per acre, respectively), Etiwanda Specific Plan East - Single-family residential homes, Estate Residential (1-1 dwelling units per acre), Etiwanda Specific Plan West - Single-family residential homes, Low Residential (2-4 dwelling units per acre), Rancho Etiwanda (University Planned Development) B General Plan Designations Protect Site -Very Low Residential (1-2 dwelling units per acre) North -Very Low Residential (1-2 dwelling units per acre) South -Very Low Residential (1-2 dwelling units per acre) East -Very Low Residential (1-2 dwelling units per acre) West -Low Residential (2-4 dwelling units per acre) • C Site Characteristics The subject property is located approximately 600 feet north of Banyan Street, and is within the Equestrian Overlay District The site is bounded by Bluegrass Avenue to the west, Etiwanda Avenue to the east, and is surrounded by single-family residences in all directions The site slopes from north to southeast with one single-family dwelling (identified as not-a-part parcel), located on the southeastern portion of the site ITEM "B" PLANNING COMMISSION STAFF REPORT DRC2003-00880 -PACIFIC CREST COMMUNITIES, INC -CARRIAGE ESTATES III June 9, 2004 Page 2 ANALYSIS A General The site will be developed under the Very Low Residential and Estate Residential Districts (1-2 and 1-1 dwelling units per acre, respectively) of the Etiwanda Specific Plan using the same home product built under Carriage Estates II to the south and Carriage Estates I to the southwest Three of the previously approved five house plans are being proposed, with four different architectural styles Traditional Country, Early California Ranch, Bungalow, and California Country. All plans have 4-car garages, optional cabana/pool rooms, and RV garages The project includes 12 of the Plan 2 type homes that are single-story, 3,817 square feet, and have two attached, 2-car garages This plan has four bedrooms with a den/bedroom five option Eight of the 12 homes have a 2X designation with a different garage arrangement Ten of the Plan 4 type homes are two-story, 4,438 square feet, and features two attached, 2-car garages The Plan is afour-bedroom with a teen room/option bedroom froe with bath and a studio/office option Eleven of the Plan 5 type homes are two-story, 5,000 square feet, and features a 3-car garage and one attached single-car garage The Plan is afour-bedroom with a retreat, a teen room, and an office/bedroom five/media room option B Desion Review Committee• The Committee (McPhail, Stewart, Fong) reviewed the project on. March 16, 2004, and May 4, 2004 The Design Review Committee recommended approval of the project, subject to all conditions of approval (Exhibit "D") C. Environmental Assessment. This action is within the scope of the project (Tentative Tract Map SUBTT16466) for which the Planning Commission adopted a Mitigated Negative Declaration on November 12, 2003, and no additional environmental review for this discretionary action is required pursuant to Public Resources Code Section 21166 RECOMMENDATION Staff recommends that the Planrnng Commission approve Development Review DRC2003-00880 through the adoption of the attached Resolution of Approval with conditions Respectfully submitted Brad Bu City Planner BB LH\ma Attachments Exhibit "A" -Site Utilization Plan Exhibit "B" -Site Plan Exhibit "C" - Bwldmg Elevations and Floor Plans Exhibit °D" -March 16 and May 4, 2004 Design Review Committee Action Agendas • Draft Resolution of Approval for Development Review DRC2003-00880 i i f Q 4_ F 2 t~ p ~ ~ E[ f a v~ ~i f r @. ~a e 2 U jc ~ 2 vv i Y E .fF ^^'' v i W d !e ~ - 9; 2'3 `@ 21a?ap a , f j ' I I _ ~ ~ \+' F ~q: ~€ 3~ f! i€~ tl.anecev.vF ~ j~l~ e i ` i I ~ ~ ~~~ ~ €„~e'€€€I 2 ~ ai ~"g ~ ~E ~ 3 ~ ~ ~s I- +~+~ €.{~ ~t F f2 p! ~! tft R g l i ~i'¢~~ `~~~"aii r;~~ 9 ;."a~S „Its p ~ ,.aa!! p~~~€d{ _ ~ ' i - W 2 ~~4~a~ `~~ ~~F - ~~1i a :ie.~ o~~^~~ ~ ~~l ~!!l FFb F!{ ` ! ~ € ! ! £ E ! i ~ [ ! i a ~ ~ a1a+~ ! !db?~ie s:! ! .tl`.'F!1 1:336 Z a«ca.Ff F..tO V° U II I ~I'I ~i~ Ie, i ~i~ ~ ! ! a u lilIli,ll ~ 5 I ~9 ~ ICI I I I I ~~ YI ~ iK ~ I ....a ~~ ~~€~ ~ ,~€~ ~., ~~ la~~ id E. `«:I u la3a di l~ba e ! 9g a ~8 °~~ i ~~ `'~ ~~ : ^~- aA ~! i ~i ~~ k r ~Xh~/(3/T ~~~.~ B~ ~~Cf1/8~T "C ,' ~~ ~~ ~g ~a~~~ g~ cS °~ mJ ~~~ ~ am 0 ~ ~ ~B< ~ as RB SE ~~ H H W H H ~ 0 ~ z ~ W ~ ]• W a ~ ~ U ~~ w0 H~ z ~' ]~ ~U ~~ 0~ Ho ~~ wQ ~U U] U~ ~0 U~ QU °~ z 0 0 m 0 0 N V O ~s OPT BDRM 5 SUITE PLAN 5A .- LOT I SCALE I/4"= I'-O" "TRADITIONAL" DRC 2003-00880 CARRIAGE ESTATES I I I PACIFIC CREST COMMUNITIES RANCHO CUCAMONGA, CALIFORNIA s~wunru ®~ 5 ~ ® - neeTea n BATH eeoaoon I C - __ ---- -- ----- 1 I I I I i I RItRIAT .. 1 I -- ~ -- I! i ~ ~ -- - - --- -- - -- - - LAUxoar I 3 ~ f I 1 I HALL 1 I eIOROOn ] II I I TH ] 1 HALL ] 1 eEOROOn 1 ROOM IEDROOII f eA PLAN 5A -LOT 1 SCALE. I/4"= 1'-O" "TRADITIONAL" DRC 2003-00880 CARRIAGE ESTATES I I I PACIFIC CREST COMMUNITIES RANCHO CUCAMONGA, CALIFORNIA -~ _~ C~ OPT EXERCISE R0011 4 Q 3 ~~ ~I $~ e 8 ~ ggg v ~n~ ~~ r~m$QQ~ G~B o~ ~i ~~~ ''d H o z ~ o 4 N ~ ~ Q z Q ~ ~ .~ Si ~ ~i a~ ~4 at ~~ i ~,~': ~I:., ~~,I~f 6 H ~"'~ ~"~ ~ z W w0 H H~ ~ ~ ]~ O ~ ~ U 0 N ~~ o(~~z ~ HO uWw~ A~~] UU w ~ .. ''' U r ~/ ~ U U i~ 1~ PARTIAL RIGHT -ENTRY COURT 2 A RooP4 NgoTE~~ _i"'~.T.G.d.~...e._..........~ v~ ~ w~~M ~' ~ > ` S S.' dom. . l° . . 4 .~. . . . b s ~i ~af~~ ~S! ~1 ~1 o ~' ~II 1 ~'Y w n N ~- PARTIAL LEFT - ENTRY COURT 2- ROOF PLAN 2_A -' ~~ ll~K7Jd]/I~Ib7I~13SS'bFl ~~,„ '~uI'sa4mnmmaJ 1s~J ~S'~d 8 •Z • v~ ~~? ~~~ ~~4~ IB • ~nI `saamnmma~ ~ ~3~d B Ntl~Id I I II ~'d'~ ~~~ s ~z ELE V AT ON~ _ a ~. -- ' ~ iz , a ~ ~v.,,e ~ ~ _ µ° ~ . . ~"'" r.u~ .e.,7 n a:^xiaarese~^.s~sw« pq 2 B ~~"~~°~" ~ •,E%tERIOR FIN19HE9 $ _ e... ROOM NO E9 R - ....... y~g QI q e......... ~... ,~,~ m-...~,~.~,. ~ & m_~a_.m -..~~--xi. a :OURT 2_B REdIIRED AT4TIC VEN YIIAibR~'T ~~y R d~ iN~3 °...__,~,~s ter.-.=" a~~ °~1 i . a .ter ~~ _ - s..... ~ m b ~ n f ~ 1 ~._ ~~ ~ ~ to ,e '~ :~"'. vwS: ~v.~.~a..w ' y ' 7°:~~src`..: fix. e~..~.~-- OURT 2-B w _....~ ~ ~ _ 3 ~§ N ~~~ ~o~ SggS0 ~~b~ ~g4 ® i !~ 1~ ~~ ~..~ ,~, 8 ~.,.~ Z NVId ~'sagmnmmo~ ~ ~3~d a saaeasa a~vixxv~ L4'Z u ~; ~~~~c~~q~~-~-~--~~r~=may=~ ~ ~ m _.~-~~;.~;__,_ '62AIMII100 83[' L~E J ~~ E'XL ~ i almimi, >t `AJ/V 1~1 V V L `L]JJ V U um umu J d , 7 g I I X Z NVId V ~ A II 53I.tlIS3 HJdINWJ I m !f [ SI t i; € P 6 6 p g p q p ~ ?;~ }~! `~ (aF~: iS € ! ~ 6# ~ ~ pat €~ # + Pi ~ ! 4 t ~ ~ i w ~ ! 4 F FPi~ € Gft W ¢o f,' r o _ z t e pP Ipda F ~a • ! }13 f1 ~ ~ i 3~ € P ddl € ~ ! ~~ 3@i P ~9 fie p! #! 1 s}( 1! (~aei' il~ t~ ~ } a= €!'1 ~ # t 3 ; 1p! t[P 1~ tt"€ ~ de] ['• 1 1 t }F ~ t# gf € e' [P~ tf4 !F~ y ~t CFtpp t F€ ~ 9i~ • ~ Fi#[3'}~ [pl 39 tl 1! t ~ a ! f~!} ~ 1¢ ~ ~ ` ~ ~ 3 i ## ~ 9 S o _ = .~, € #P€}; 1 P •9€P€ t !11 e} e P , It€~ t ~1 l! It ~ 1 4 ~ o =~ <- - ~ '3 4 ~A IF'! a ~ 0 ~qq~ p!a!lS!P etl E~is}li ( 1 3 ! 1 '~ { P ,3 e }i~f~ €p, 1' li plPj ~t@ llt la `t { l aPlIIPI °!ff}pE~~! E ~~~tl,€!31€`3 11}! E€t~~`~gl~F tll, F~1€2 e!€! i"~~p in ,t t~EF t!1" 3 ~"li !€1'il aE 3~ 11}~j 31:1933€3tt~3~?~~ lt,lt al 11 t • ! E !1! ~;l[1t :~ al P?[ ~ a 3 1{eli! 113 1 3 a!!€` !e~ fe~ e d F ~ ~ ~ a < rc w ~ !, e/ } j ehl 1'li ~a it la ~€ EffF ! e ! 3 3 i ~~ €~E} ~t ~; tl d ~ g ~ o ~! ~ 6ti laPl 1 . d : `tal11t,1'Fe14lf~ta~}~I:e 6e~,s YFYFY 1t}~Fi~Slil f:31F.A{s F113t'}}€~IPS381 1F~ w i t lF 7 i 7a iF __ . .. . ........: :::::.f::: is ...:1:::::• :::::::::i V. .. 1! . _ t ~... ---------------~---- 1 N .° ... ... -- ' ~ € •'~, ~ o 8 ~ ~ d P i ', Z '~' ~~ ~ 9 1 i ~ ---- Y ---- ---- ~, k 4• ' ` ' , al q ~ .~ J y ~ - -~~~ V ~ I ~ 1 ~- F I ~.~ -. ` ~~l1 [ 1 I ~ I 111 -1 ~ 1 ~ t 1 • ` O ~ M3 ~ It p C , ... 1 ~ 1 1 1l o ~ ~ t- ~ ~ _____ ` u i ~ -I " ~I ! i ______________ _ i [ Ei. J i i 1 ~x `. i ~o° i_________~______~: i ~ ! ~ u 1~ ~ ~ ~ I1 €I i ~ i ..~ ..~ j `~~ _J + 3 1 1 L , J ~ ~ r 11 1 - ~ / ~ ti ~ / r' _ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ / ~ ~- ~~ ---~ ..~-~..-.. 1 / 1~ _ ' ^ ~ ~ B i ~ ~ ,, ,, ,, ..~ 1 __ ~ , "1 I I ` ~ EI ~`\ O ~' ` ~ C :I O I - g ~ I~~I ,~,~ 1[~IC7.~b~l~I~IVIf~[3~S'b'~1~ ov7`saamnmmo~zsa~Jo3ued tr~XZi o..,.m. II S3Ltl7.53 H'JVI2221VJ ~ ~•"' ~~ ~~ "n~ ~~$ i ~~~~ ~~ ~ ~ I ~~ l~1C~d7/IV!/W3SSbF] ~~~, ~ui'saAnmmmmJ ~saq agued S'XZ II SdLtlJS3 3iJdIiRIdJ ~'I m~~ x ~o~ }~,k~ o~~ C46~ ~rv~~ g~ <fl t~~ <<"k~ o~~ eo~~ can-~ ~- I ~~ auj'sapim~mmo~ ~J a9~d II S3LVZS3 H'JdINBVJ It( fi ~4 ~~ i if ~-~~~~I~tff7 d NEICit TO BI.~iIG RAN pqt IblEf DIMpFICN9 Alm INPDRMATIGN Imi 91mW~ IER[ k7 Fl ~ PARTIAL RIGHT -ENTRY COURT 2X-B RIGHT 2X-B 1 el ~ I G~ I u PARTIAL LEFT - ENTRY COURT 2X-B I, .~ IFS ~~0 ~~ 9°j}~ '~~ ~ ®~ 2 p ~ u~ b ~ ~ ~' o a' if J, D. i h ~~~ N REAR FRONT PARTIAL ELEV - tIOTOR COURT 1-A is ~; T Aoo~ HO_ Te~~~ =~.~cu~ W _...-...~. a ~~ ~a~~~ b ~ ~ ~ ~~ ~ ~ ~~ o ~~ V~~jj '' ii w 01 ROOF PLAN ~-p • I ~3~ ~~~ °n~ 0~1 o I g~yy i i ~~$4 e ----•---- i I I ,I; I ~Ifll ,~ . ~'~, ~~iv ;, I I I I~ I I E I I I II I I I II -_- I I I li ~I I II ~ ;I I ~ I III I I i I~. ..®~ I ~ -=- - ----- - Tr I I I .. I .-- ----------- I II I 1 ®B I LL W J I i ~ t P I - _ ~„ 1[~YY~]/Nb'If~DSSb9 a ~ Nvid auI saumnmmo~ 7sa~J ~9~d II S3.LV,LS3 aJtlRRlt+'J L4'b I--- I ------ - ----------- ~ ~~ I I I ~ I ~ ~~ I 1 I I I _ 1 ' ~~ ~ t I°u ~ '' F ~ I I ~, ~ I 2 I I I I I ~ I ~ I i I ~ __ ______ __ ____ __________ ___ I ! F .$< ~ ~ -_ I o o i` -- ! I c ~_ n Y ~E = ii __ _ t ._ _ __________~_________ ___ __ .-__ . ~ I I ~ ~.. F ~ `~ < G O ~ ~ 4Y _ _ _ ___ _____ _ _ I I I } ___ II II II •F I III I I ' 1 II I I '~ ~ I F I ~ . ! ~ S E__s__ I t I I I I I ' i t I I --- ----- - J i i I ~ I~ =~ ~ ea I it i: o , r I .' ~~, II ~ ~I - , • ! ~ ~ o our iAyyR_/~~wn nw n~^C-. .~ JRj'S2A10[IID¢IO'J 1Ci3'JIjL~¢d ~q NVId ~ II S3ZdiS3II<JtlIBNdJ ~' e e , ~ r ess o ~ ~~~ a:e ~ ~ ,,!s_s ~ s ss s. I "~'-' E4 .,s'I~,. SSbB ~ '~~ ~ ~ ~~a bg Ntlld ~ Il S3SVZSi H~JV78UdJ ~~~ ~~ ~n~ o~= ~ff4~ ~a • . 'Vi`m ~I I I I II I I I I I II II I I ~~ .. I V .. I II O~ I I I - 13a3 _ _ • • i i ~•••• 1 ~' ~lV1~r~a~n/Ai1~3n't-,~~C_[1 R~1 ~ _'"` u`M1J/V I~vvvLV»JVU ~ a _ av. ri ~_ _ SDI ~AIfR1~0J1~~JL~Cd [~ y. 7~•I V ~ ~ w• •"• ,~~• 4 N VId II S3LdZSd 3iJtlINNdJ ~ i 8 I f~ ~i ~ f e f v pp g e pF 1 ~~ I ! ~i f y F ~ e li Fh e~~19 3 w 3 el = 31 0~ i 3 ~ f 99 i~P P fF {, ~ 1 ! ~ ~ S~ f = gg ' E ' ~ e i ~i ~ I e ! ~" ~~ f f ~ 3 = If i F ~ ~ €f Iff It ! I c ff _ f 2F I ~ 3I Y 3~I F ~ `: { EE ~ B ¢~~ ::If E' f i¢ F i~~ ,,~ if ¢, ~ ~ 1{ it , A 9i ~ l ss `d ~ , t '8 ~i~ !~. 1P~ ~ I~ ? e~ ~ i } 4 (~g 8 it 1 E€li 9 ~ ~ °~ , I i ~ t , i F Y . , ¢f ~ i el 8F s y9I!I!3 i= g Fb3 _~ !!~ PPii~ . t~ ¢ ~ 1 f e ~93 ~3qq I s 3p 1 IY~I~~~f~i fel f° 3! ~ e I Fl~f 8 ~ 9F1 ~ ~ 1 ~ ! S =E _€ ~ F f N ~ ~ 1 E i f I ~ ~ ~ ~ f r ,. s f fit F ~ 4 II = Bl~ivl i i , ° e ~= ~ ° ~ ! 4= i ~ 1~.I !!gge : ~ ~ f !i! _ i f!~ j~~~~3tFIP~~P rc ~ ~IjiFiiifll i~~ttllii~~~l`(f¢1 ll~~j~~~la tD Illlld~~~~11°~ ~~~~,1 ~~~ 1 ~ ~ii~'e$ ~ I?3y ~!~ ~ i ~ 1 ~~3fl9 ~I#( ~ l~ l ~ l~f1 ~~ ~ f ~f ~ a~e {z 1 ! ~~' f~= ~ ~ ! ~ ! i~! l I ~ I I j ~ R ~ t ~ i'~ ~ I {{ ~,~~ I i i 1(I i , I ~ ~ 1.1 ~ I ~<il ' ! i i9~ ~ 1 ~ 3(ili:;~~~~ ~iii F; €,tt p 6s~y 1~ YI~ i ~~ ( ` ~ ' a 3sF I .ueF,,.. . . e::i :Illi! ::: ,;F <~F t! X .............:.:::_c:c::a:mc::::.r :•::•:::: :: ::::: w ~ 3i8 i lf !¢ I 1 H~f ,id„1119 ~i~ i~i ' ` i i i! it t 3I {{F F l ~ ~ {l 3 ~ ~ " F 1 ., e ~¢ ! E ~f1i ~ 131Fltf 4i9f 7 81 ~f i! 171 ~ e " i F .__ __ .. O 1 i pl I Q; ~ O rl LL ~, ~^ i i 1 . , l . u ~. 8' ~^ [ F rc ~ U IF I€ O _ `" p u 1 ~ w J ~yj{ ') ial ~ W Q ~g ® ~ J~ ~ ii Q R' el e ~ F ~ I ,~ ~. Z F -- - ~ ' ___ ......... 1 9 . .... .. ___ __ _______.. i s 1 ~ . 1~ ~ 1 ms`s .. a «. 1 , R: ~ F ~ d > W ' F j 4 ! B B r'~ F- ^-•--' __ I I p rl~ 6 ~~ ~ .r 1~, u i ( s 1 I "~ -~+ i 4 Q I ° ~i 4 ~ I 1 -a li + o -._._. -~~ -- ~--~ rc ~ ay~ ~QI'sauF~mmmJ~"J~fi~d I9~~b II S3.LV.iSH 3JtlIN1IdJ ~~ ~~d ~g~~ .~ _. 0~l~ I .... I II I I I II 11 F I ~• ~I I II II II I II II II II Iq I I I "--'- II ' II ~ I I• I II It I~ II II II I I I I I I I ~ i I I II I I II !t I I j€ I I I 444f 'I I I I! . ' II L 1~~ (.l~J J s ~ ~ E4FVATION~O~ . ~ s - __ ,~ i O T R ~~ .~ I m s . d Z . ~ -_ -- -- - n.. , _ o D ~- - --- o ----- o - --- - ... •_ - - a ~ .. - - a - - - - - ---- --- -- --- , ..~ ..,.;.--- ~ _ _ ~, , .. i . ~ { FRONT ELEVATION _. .._ . ~w°~~"~°.m ~...._~.w ::~-~ b f .. -~ . .. ,...._.~ _._s...,., - ~ "'' o m - -- ___ __ ~ ~-~ EXTERIOR FINI9HE9 ROOF PLAN 5-A «w. ~~ ~- .--_---- _ =--_ I •~ - ~ - -... __ ___________ ' - ROOP NO TE9 i ..0 - _ __ I ~ i i , _ o ~ _ ~ , _ ' - - _ 4 1 ~'~.m _ ,..e ~ .. W° IRIII VT M i L _ __ _ _ __ ___ _ ___ _ ...,._m..a,.. ..~_ .._ ~~.._..v w ___ __________ ________ ~ I _ ________ _ _ ________ n .,...~m.....~«r..,.... GGG777 NLFEM1 TO BA51G RAN FOR ~ 1bTE3 DIM£N510N5 AND _ , IwoRwAnoN roT sNOrvu NERe , ~ ~ 'b'~~°~~~~~~'~~~ • y~.V.v~~.W S.~w~ ' 'tiySYS~= --~~ 4- id ROOF PLAN 5-A ~ ~ AT E S- REONREB ATTIC VENT LATpN ~ OPT exGGPCGIDe P[OOM AT OPT GXGCP[GISG P[OOM ~~ a.•~...+.e..a arv. w"]~ ~ , 3 -~ =~,~ ~~,= ~_ -- ~ ~-a ~ ~~ tl A ~ ~P -w.~~a_-s~;.yr .._.~ s.. ®,~~ - ° - ' =~ .... ... . ~ .-.- ~, ~ A ~ ~' ' mm ~' 7 I ' t ~~ ..... ~.m _~~.. ~'. r'c'd~7 ~~6 I ~~7 ~ ` ` u ~ J COURTYARD- LEFT ~ ~-A LEFT 5-A ".'~~.~Ai~ ~'^^w.w..a ~ AT OPT exceRClae ROOM AT OPT GXGeRGIpe P[pOM auk s~o,rmmmvJ ~9 ~fi~d a saavcsa a~a~ 6'S °~ ~~£ ~°~€ O F wgff ~~4~ ~-~ ~~7 ~/ e „~ s /~€~QS~ . .,~~ ' ^` ~ ,~ yuE'saUmnmmo~ 7saTJ ~9~d ~ ~ ry'~arS Ntlld DF3Ltl,IS33'JtlINNtlJ ~ ' a € F i F €~ ~s t ~i ~ ~ € i € F ~ ° ; !F ~ 1 F ~€€ E94' € ! l~ ( € ,FF ~ I€#[~E` ! '~ j4 iF P ~ ~~ ii €€6 ~€ € F F€ I!g P € i€ € F€~ €e ~! Fd s(' € 3 ! j It pi lS3 if i~i PIpFF l € E! i w m t E p F ~° ~t ~ € € [ ! j ~ €~ €~ ! € 1 I € j ~ 1 F S ~ ~ e ~~6 3 ~ ~ '!P 1~ €F€ €!€ f'€€R ~ ~€ ~ ~ i F~ ~ e 4~Fa~y`~ ~ ~ ~ € €€~, a€Y ~ e~€ jG j ~g 9 ~ € a ~ 4 } e y~~giiii f3 F pp 4 `~i Ce,Yiii{4I FF~ Fe 3~~ €• € FI€ Y F e ... F ~ e i ~! e F F ~ P3 !! €(t il i € eeee€€€ € 4 '€9~e ~E9 99 eqq•e ~;F 00PY9€ ~! fi P 9?f e i ~~~~ 3 € F FS[ z E ~ o i [ e e B ; w { s a E ~ F 1 y y ~ ~ y 9 €e ~f 6 ~ ~ €i3 !E ~ € ! ~ i€ ~ € ! i r - t € ~ s F 'i~ € ~FI ~B t:°l E k u P N€ eP i ;tl t ~ e e s °iFe ~ t t F ~ ~~ F FFt~i € Fe €e e €€ 7. € t y ~Fl~i°e (ra ipdF~i' € ~ ~ € _ a~ l F ~ * ;~~{!~!!F! ~ P€€€i~p• `€ Fl~~{f€i ~Id~~~1~~1~~~E~~s~~~~~El~lPEil~~~~3~~~i~l1€1~~1 {{ R ! ~i: }l[~!: sF f9~ ~~~@dtF~'d16~ p ~F ~i! rc d e F p j~~~ n € ~~ € €e a~e F €€ €€ € 1`€ i / ~~ €e€ €e€ ~€1~1 € e„ € € € ( ~ ~ ~( ` F ~s~ €?`~FO~ i€~ 6€ ~t]Ii~I ~ P i ~ ~ t' !I SIs e Fe ~ I a ~ Y F p€„ e4? i ~ € ~~~F i~{~e! t~ ~ ~ .,...... a_a.n ca=ta::::::::t~':::::rt iw i:•:~:l .: ::::: AiFe i € € 1€ ° , 4 Eg~~ ?i!~! i s E ~J i ~ 6 ~ y €l y3 } P ~ {fl~F i€tP~F 7€1F !€9 !~ ~ IPi ~ ~ ~ I _ ~€ ~~ F~ F A _ I p ~ ~ ~ Vim! S i ~ ~ / i~ / ~~ ®~ U 0 +~ , Y o W ~ i o; ~', ~ I p0p ~ ~ ( u _ fl U X ~~ u ~ ~ FQ LL _ J ~ J ~ i; i a«, O g ,-- t 11 1 i si ' i a 8 ~. z OF - ~ _ u '"' 4 ~ w -_ oa € - --' '---- 1 1 df LL O o F ~ < ~ ~~ ~ _1 m %~ = = Z ~( ~ -_ -- - - \1 i~ ~ LLO i ~ y € ~ - 7 ~ Y ~ ~' H _ ® o B `t` LL C ~ ~ W u Jn O B D i 1 - O -; - -- -- „ ~ ~ [o e Q ~ ~ ~ 4 X ~ a~' i -- - - i ~ 1 / Q J LL ~.. ~ o I. U( { , e 6 per _ - ~ ( O -_ ~ O __~~ -~ ~u~ vn~~ojis~ ~s~a b4'S f II S3Ltl1Sd 3'JtlINUd'J g ~~~ ~~d ~g~ ~... „~ II~ICy~orVNVInC35Sb9 aui san,unmmoJ ~'TJ ~5~d .ri"iOa~9,.f~, S NVId II SH.LtliS3 3JtlINi1tlJ ' !! 0 i P t e [~F ! E ~( R! ii t t t it it. t 3 1( 9 3 i € ' e~ e $FP ~( 6E!!f [~ i( (t [~ (i ~!' t tE ( i~! tltts }}: a e! i6 " ~ z ~ z i 9' ! 1 9 !( ~ ~ . 1 ~i p 1, t 4 i l i 1' h i f 1 ! s ~ ~ R ~ : E ~ ! ~ t tt C! ~ ~! ~t t ~!E ~I tPI: ist E i(1 imii i { ( ~ lit .R ~ Y! Iti ~ ~ R = li }j (z3 ! ~ (I ita iIt E~:~ t li !! Ip(E.t, ~ 1~( 3i F !'pR i f ~ lp (~ ~i i [ t ll ! ~((((((t(g~ !t!([ +(~i ((€'t~ ~1 ti~ ~ ( i~~eeeelt! li i({Iy ~~t tl~,! lit[i t E ~ 1 '~ ~` ~ Ij RS'It!(~(i3~1 too t 1 [ ~( e 0 t F ~ . 1 1 .E ;g t ~g ! t' ~ ` 1 jC ~ ~ i I 1g! ! t !(' I ~ R ~ ( f i3(s ~i t~~`t ' t! i! F , !( ' , '~' ~ f_ ~!'ii(, 17~~: f t E[~ ~( (~~ ~ l' t f ~ 1~ 1fl i i (tttt g ((l t ai ! !(! t~l94i ~~~fll!!!!p!€ { fi t•-p: ( {iiii~~[ 4 i pp~ ' !36i f [!( F~ ((~9.Ills!~:::1~~~(1((~r.:R(3il~ fes~(tazn...l~:i. ' -:6! `:R ~ g9' g ~ (!!!9 !~ ({5~.516~(zz p ~ X W ~ pp ~(f ( 7 ~(a~fz tBt 1 €~ (t} f (l F t N 9a ! 1(} i i ii (t t } } '! ~Ill~i IE ~ a Ft E (z~ 6 if I ! i . t t ~I~ li (I( a n'tt g q F e . ~ . . e l9 ' ',It} dt ~(( '~~!~ ( € t6 ( ~ ~ ~ ! !s t! !i . .........._t.~.,...,:::a:::a _~a:r::::::: ::l ::::::; aEnFV[!II ry~ a~~ !.!4 ta ng } s ~ ~ ~ } i ~e3(liliF(si€1!(it~l t! Il~I -- i = F ~ i 3 ~ 1 F 'r ~, ~ p o ~ ~ ~ D ' ' 3 ~ „ ® , e ~t = `Qgf~u ® U 0 F '~I® _ ®' ~ ~ ~ Q~ I o 0 ~ N ~~ ~ ~ ~ W( p p Y e u u x - -- --- - --- ~ --- - t , N F O LL ' ~ 11 ,i i i ~ i ii ii ~ 7 ~ Q ^ l4 F ~~. ' ..1~ .` .~ ~ ii i i If [ ~ s, 'k _ i' w o } f- ~ ~-T----- ------~ ~ Z ~ J U W U ....... _~ 1 li Y - ~ F ~ ~ i Fi { _ ~ z~y ~~ f LL { S t ~ .. 1 t ` Y Y 0= ~~ ~ ~~ 1 B . © ~ _ LL j 11'1 ~ l-_ _ 0 ( t . ~ ~.~. s 1 j' + d/s' 'm o 1 ~ --, 1 dl ~ , O - ~ 0 ~ ~ 4 ~ ~ ~ 1 q =0 ' --~ • -' ~------ --- .! 1 e I i s d Z J ~ - o ~ I I .. 1 I .--- -•--•-•__-...__- LL ~ Q --------- • -• • IY ~O oimi nv L `N.Jb'~~i ~l p II~DSJ V O ~ Jvj 'sdAI1¢11IImOJ ~arJ ~~d II S3.LtlIS3 H'JdIN21tlJ 0 ~o~ ~~~ ~o~ ~£~~ ~~4~y Q31 • u / 1 ~_.~ " ~+~ ,,,~ 1I~10.~dl/NVII~l3SSb8 _ - ~ul'sam~mmaJ ~J ~9~d i ~ - - ~••,_ ~ o.+ ~•~, ~ tlow II S3Stl,LSd H'JtlIN71tl~ ~~~t .~`"~ "'~` wod"a food U _ NN r i ~., , --- m z r ;ttE#l1f C ~ ~lEt G~ J a d a 3r ~ 3 p ', m u ~ F o WB~~ 'o ~- ----- - --~--. --- -- --~ -- hl! ~- ~~ ~ f _...._...___ I ~ w : ~:. d. _.._..1 3 ~ o B ~ s { 111#~R 1 ® ; ~ r q ~ "ii s ~lp,;pEE ~ 3 t, g ~ N ~ tt~ii€It( !p ~ li~~li~li~~ ~ ~n,~ ~~. i i .........J ~ ~ ~ I 1 ... ....... . . ... ^ ..____. . . i f __ d 1 Q ~ ~ 1 t ~ C m ' ®' f' ®.__ ~ 'll ti ~; C ' I~ __ m - -®~- S u k _ ~ € i ail ~d e ^ ! I N C' 0 1~ I _ ~~ !E _ ' s ~» ~ ~ - - L --~. _ ~ ~ ~' t 3 ' t ~ ~ ---- tL: , r ~~ i °" ~ !S ~pA` I~ _ ~ - ~ c~ ~,_. i ,< a~~ t i }~ i =u ~~~ a ~-'_~~~ ~pI O ` Op> au a:°u ---- ~ ~ Q = I a N t~ ~j~ 1 ~ i ~~i lik ~~, ICI ~ ~' ¢~ ~ ~ t w', ~~ ~, ~6i~, non ~~~ i 3 X333 o ~ ~~mvnmeoj ~ ~s~a a saavt,sa a~viaxv~ ~~ ~~ ~~~ ~~~5 ~~~~ 1 z a J a z O a i 0 a ,._ -~ ~ sad ~. u.~o~.x~~r~au.~ssba ~. ~ ~~ ~~~ ~ ~~a vie ~w.xMnurw ~~ IIS'dLtl15dHJVIiRI6'J WOON 100d t R c4 ~. I ; ! _ _~ -, ~ ~ a .i itQ 3 :3 0 ~ ; r ~ r t Z I J~ O O ~ LL miu ~! r_' 1 ! ~~ ~~I ___ _____ . - _..__ _ ~ i 5 .:; I i o ~ I If ,,.__ __ __ p ~ ( ~ p ® ® ~~ y ~ ii1 - ~ ~ a ~ i _._. i 0 u~~ a ~1 ~j i t _ I` I ® ~ .i~~U ~ ' r I ® ® ~ I ~ i~ ~flQ ~n~ ~ I _- . ~, ~~ - _ ~~a -- et ~ ~ j ! ~~~~ I ! 9 _ ~ I I I , 3 , o ~ i 0 I I i I Q.- I I li ' I < •S~ I ~ ______ _ ______ __ I ~ n y - - O C ® I U I I I I I I e I O _r --------------------- ----r,- © ~ <-~ ~~ --- - _ - ~-~ °`. ~~ ~ u = ~~~1 I ~~ ® ~~ s~m~~~ ~ ~s~a ~MJ NYVN~ A MY`~AT~ '°°°'« ~~"'° ••,' "'~" ~ II S37.tl153 HJVIYNtl'J ..~ ,... N• ` 4 Y ~ ~9 g S ~a - ~ 1 Y • Z ~ ~ : 6 ~ ----_~ # s „~ rc= ~ ~ ' ~~~ ii. ! Oo << yS ~ -- ~ ~' OJ °~ 1 .~ _Ji JJ 3 j III I ~ ~ t d ~ v.+ t 5 cl ~~ < ~ A ~ 1 1 ~~ w ~ ~~ p' ~~l~~~,~~~ .i ~ ~ (~ ~uEt~fifip #s~ ~ ..~;_ ~~~ ~~~ a~€ ~~~~ 1 =3 J a z 0 a Z O LL t - - - L3 35 - G•na / °.~~ mo.. ouI'sam~mmuJ 7sYj ~d :^~»,m ^~:~:'= : °'~:^,~ II SdLtl,LS3 H~JtlI~INtlJ • ~vav~ n a I + ------------' 9 ' -'~ ? g - -~-->---<~~------a----'-~---------- 6 -, ~ ~ a :, ~n{ } t < ~ ~ LL _~_` O<IC ~ g ~ Q i ~ . 1 i e ~ e ~ 1 t t'' pp ~ ~ ~ g ~ `' ~ ~ ~"~ ~~ ' pp f{ `I~ €~~! l n ~ ~p ~ t i h~j ~~g~dh41' i a ~ 1 ~ t jE ~~~~ g ~~~~ ~~a o< ~, . ~ ' ~~~~p i l ~ ~f~ ; , ~~ ~ I ~~li 9{i~ ~ ' <I• zI O U w N - --- - - - - - -- -- --=------- -~ 3~ ---- = ., 1 RPPEft TO 511eT RV I POR Rorer ou-erplare ,~ ItsoRnwnoR ror sRDr« «ex ~~ ~~ ~ ~ GARAG! REWREp ATTIC VENT¢ATN)N ~ L:JtL'i6.'3C9.II~L~ ~sz:m~mc---- 'BCaapadll.Ta-- a a- Y6C ~~ -_ SECTION "A" RPFER TO 31RLT 519 POR 110'Ie5 DIF¢R91GNp Alp itaoRnwnDR ror 91pYN Rv+e ~i=~ 1 I Rv c{Rwce 1 I 1 1 1 I I 1 1 ________ _I __ __ .; 1 ROOF PLAN ~~e•' ~ n'4 l Fb V~ t"T7 ~1}F1 ~i i~~~ A e u .~ I !t g ~t O ~. ~II ~E I o. N • 11 1 `~ l~,~Or~~~,~.5~ - ~' ^~ au~'saalmlmmuJ 1syJ ~3~d - - trcu toox ox. swut~uv ,nti wu II S3LtlZS9 HtJtlINBtlJ "°" ~dav~ '°n a ~1 e t S 1 5 t et n~ 4 ~~ 11 1 i!'~RI ~ o 4 N4 51~ ! F ~~r~d~! ~ 'a ~ ~i~i~;llp , ~~~ S € e"~ ~~ElitlNk7 ~i~ ei~~lii3it~ Y~€~ g~~ &~ ~~d op ~~~~ ~ "L g~ ,~ ~~~ ~~~~ Z O r U W N ~; Oj r a W J W LL W J na Z4 J~ a LL 0 0 I i I r=== ~~ a rc,~ e ~~~ ~$i~~~ rc~~ €A t __~,_ .~ i ~ i p ~ ti.. ~ ¢ It i C +It ~:~ ~ ii t W ?' i ~ ~ ~ ti 1_ __ .. I ~ u'_ I I.. VII j&i i ROOF PLAN ~ ~~~ ~ SECTION "A" LEFT ELEVATION DESIGN REVIEW COMMENTS 8 00 p m Larry Henderson March 16, 2004 DEVELOPMENT/DESIGN REVIEW DRC2003-00880 -PACIFIC CREST COMMUNITIES INC - CARRIAGE ESTATES III - A request for 33 single-family residences on 28 7 acres of land in the Very Low Residential and Estate Residential Districts (1-2 and 1-1 dwelling units per acre, respectively) of the Etiwanda Specific Plan, located north of Banyan Street between Etiwanda and Bluegrass Avenues - APN 0225-117-18, 20, 24, 25, and 27 Related Files Tentative Tract SUBTT16466 and Tree Removal Permit DRC2003-00533 Design Parameters The site for this already approved Tentative Map is vacant and slopes about 5 percent from north to south Several windrows exist on the site and these are addressed through Tree Removal Permit DRC2003-00533 The site is bounded by residential land on all sides with some vacant land remaining on the south The site will be developed under the Very Low Residential and Estate Residential Districts (1-2 and 1-1 dwelling units per acre, respectively) of the Etiwanda Specific Plan using the same house built under Carriage Estates II to the south and Carriage Estates I to the southwest Three of the previously approved five house plans are being proposed, with four different architectural styles Traditional Country, Early California Ranch, Bungalow, and California Country All plans have four car garages, optional cabana/pool rooms, and RV garages broken into various configurations as follows Twelve of the Plan 2 type homes are single-story, 3,817 square feet, with two attached two-car garages This plan has four bedrooms with aden/option bedroom five Eight of the 12 have a 2X designation with a different garage arrangement Ten of the Plan 4 type homes are two-story, 4,438 square feet, and features two attached two-car garages The Plan is afour-bedroom with a teen room/option bedroom five with bath and a studio/option office Eleven of the Plan 5 type homes are two-story, 5,000 square feet, and features athree-car garage and one attached single car garage The Pian is afour-bedroom with a retreat, a teen room, and an office/option bedroom five/media room option Mator Issues There are no mayor issues identified for discussion Secondary Issues - 1 There is only one lot with frontage on Etiwanda Avenue (Plan 5) In keeping with the design policies of the Etiwanda Specific Pian, the design is oriented with the front of the house facing Etiwanda Avenue However, this plan has the least distinctive front porch and there is no walkway shown coming in from Etiwanda Avenue It is recommended that a stronger architectural statement of front yard prominence be established by designing a porch extension with roof to minimum 8-foot dimension, attractive seating area with low sitting walls, and decorative pavement, as well as a connecting walkway to Etiwanda Avenue In addition, amore extensive Landscape Plan for the Etiwanda Avenue frontage is to be regwred with the N use of 24-inch box trees, turf, and flowering shrubs be used to create an attractive Etiwanda `1 ~ prominence ~~ DRC ACTION COMMENTS DRC2003-00880 -PACIFIC CREST COMMUNITIES INC -CARRIAGE ESTATES III March 16, 2004 Page 2 2 The slopes adfacent to Bluegrass Avenue should be shifted to be next to the public sidewalk and incorporated into an easement for public maintenance and the local trail shifted to the east Penmeter block walls shall be on the inside edge of the trail in all cases. 3 Corral areas should be adfacent to the local trails whenever possible to eliminate the traiVcoral access sloped dnves This will provide better equestrian related service access and eliminate homeowner maintenance of an access ramp The Grading Plan should be adfusted accordingly 4 If a concrete swale or gutter is used between the trail and yard, then a bridge design will be needed at all gate connections 5 Increase the variation in regwred +/- 5-foot front yard setbacks for Lots 14 through 21. Staff Recommendation: Staff recommends approval subject to the above comments Design Review Committee Action Members Present McPhail, Stewart, Fong • Staff Planner Larry Henderson The DRC members concurred with the staff recommendations and requested the additional modifications as follows. 1 Plan 2 "Bungalow" Style is not up to an acceptable level The applicant needs to look at window sizes relative to the wall plane scale since it looks more like a ranch style Also, look at using river rock as the wainscot instead of fake, stacked stone 2 The backyard -Trail access gates need to be steel (decorative or mesh), not wood. All the items need to be addressed before bringing back to DRC on April 6, 2004 The applicant is directed to work with staff on revised plans submittal for items contained in the Items 1-7 herein ~~ • DESIGN REVIEW COMMENTS 7 00 p m Larry Henderson May 4, 2004 DEVELOPMENT/DESIGN REVIEW DRC2003-00880 -PACIFIC CREST COMMUNITIES INC - CARRIAGE ESTATES III - A request for 33 single-family residences, on 28 7 acres of land in the Very Low Residential and Estate Residential Districts (1-2 and 1-1 dwelling units per acre, respectively) of the Etiwanda Specific Pian located north of Banyan Street between Etiwanda and Bluegrass Avenues -Related Files Tentative Tract SUBTT16466 Tree Removal Permit DRC2003-00533 - APN. 0225-111-18, 20, 24, 25, and 27 PLANS WILL BE AVAILABLE AT THE MEETING AND STAFF WILL PRESENT AN ORAL REPORT Design Review Committee Action: Members Present Fletcher, Fong, Stewart Staff Planner Larry Henderson . Approved revised plans for Lot 1 and Plan 2C with additional speaal conditions 1 Prior to the issuance of building permits, submission and approval by the City Planner of a detailed Landscape and Irrigation Plan for Lot 1, which shall include the front and corner side yard and extensive design elements including, but not limited to, decorative walkway treatment, planter and seating area walls or furniture, specimen size trees, shrubs, ground cover, and turf is regwred 2 Prior to the issuance of Building permits, submission and approval by the City Planner of a Wall Plan for the entire protect, which shall include the use of decorative masonry material, pilasters, cap detail, and solid non-wood gates is required • ~ ~a • RESOLUTION NO 04-71 A RESOLUTION OF THE PLANNING COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF RANCHO CUCAMONGA, CALIFORNIA, APPROVING DEVELOPMENT REVIEW DRC2003-00880, LOCATED NORTH OF BANYAN STREET BETWEEN ETIWANDA AND BLUEGRASS AVENUES IN THE VERY LOW RESIDENTIAL AND ESTATE RESIDENTIAL DISTRICTS (1-2 AND 1-1 DWELLING UNITS PER ACRE, RESPECTIVELY) OF THE ETIWANDA SPECIFIC PLAN, AND MAKING FINDINGS IN SUPPORT THEREOF - APN 0225-111-18, 20, 24, 25, AND 27 A. Recdals. 1 Pacific Crest Communities Inc filed an application for the approval of Development Review No DRC2003-00880, as described m the title of this Resolution. Hereinafter in this Resolution, the subject Development Review request is referred to as "the application " 2 On the 9th day of June 2004, the Planning Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga conducted a meeting on the application and concluded said meeting on that date All legal prerequisites prior to the adoption of this Resolution have occurred B Resolution • NOW, THEREFORE, it is hereby found, determined, and resolved by the Planning Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga as follows. 1 This Commission hereby specifically finds that all of the facts set forth in the Rentals, Part A, of this Resolution are true and correct 2 Based upon the substantial evidence presented to this Commission dunng the above- referenced meeting on June 9, 2004, including written and oral staff reports, this Commission hereby speafically finds as follows a The application applies to property located on the west side of Etiwanda Avenue and approximately 1,100 feet north of Banyan Avenue, with a street frontage of 170 feet on Etiwanda Avenue and 633 feet on Bluegrass Avenue, and lot depth of 2,564 feet; and b The property to the north of the subject site is developed single-family detached residential, the property to the south consists of single-faintly detached residential and vacant land, the property to the east is single-faintly detached residential, and the property to the west is single-family detached residential 3 Based upon the substantial evidence presented to this Commission during the above- referenced meeting and upon the speafic findings of facts set forth m paragraphs 1 and 2 above, this Commission hereby finds and concludes as follows The proposed protect is consistent with the obtectives of the General Plan, and • b The proposed use is m accord with the obtectives of the Development Code and the purposes of the district in which the site is located, and g43 PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-71 DRC2003-00880 -PACIFIC CREST COMMUNITIES, INC -CARRIAGE ESTATES III June 9, 2004 Page 2 c The proposed use is m compliance with each of the applicable provisions of the Development Code, and d The proposed use, together with the conditions applicable thereto, will not be detrimental to the public health, safety, or welfare or materially injurious to properties or improvements m the vicinity 4 This action is within the scope of the protect (Tentative Tract Map SUBTT16466) for which the Planning Commission adopted a Mitigated Negative Declaration on November 12, 2003, and no additional environmental review for this discretionary action is regwred pursuant to Public Resources Code Section 21166 5 Based upon the findings and conclusions set forth in paragraphs 1, 2, 3, and 4 above, this Commission hereby approves the application subtect to each and every condition set forth below and in the Standard Conditions, attached hereto and incorporated herein by this reference Planning Division 1) Prior to the issuance of building permits, submission and approval by the City Planner of a detailed Landscape and Irrigation Plan for Lot 1, • which shall include the front and corner side yard and extenswe design elements including, but not limited to, decoratroe walkway treatment, planter and seating area walls or furniture, specimen size trees, shrubs, ground cover, and turf is regwred 2) Prior to the issuance of Building permits, submission and approval by the City Planner of a Wall Plan for the entire protect, which shall include the use of decorative masonry material, pilasters, cap detail, and metal (solid or mesh) back and side yard access gates is required 3) If a concrete Swale or gutter is used between the trail and yard, then a badge design will be required at all gate connections 4) Compliance with applicable conditions of Tentative Tract Map SUBTT16466, Conditional Use Permit DRC2003-00552, and Tree Removal Permit DRC2003-00533 is regwred Enameenng 1) Ail applicable conditions of Planning Resolution No 03-173 approving Tentative Tract Map 16466 shall apply 6 The Secretary to this Commission shall certify to the adoption of this Resolution APPROVED AND ADOPTED THIS 9TH DAY OF JUNE 2004 . PLANNING COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF RANCHO CUCAMONGA ~~ PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-71 DRC2003-00880 -PACIFIC CREST COMMUNITIES, INC -CARRIAGE ESTATES III . June 9, 2004 Page 3 BY Rich Maaas, Chairman ATTEST Brad Buller, Secretary I, Brad Buller, Secretary of the Plamm~g Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga, do hereby certify that the foregoing Resolution was duly and regularly introduced, passed, and adopted bythe Planning Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga, at a regular meeting of the Plamm~g Commission held on the 9th day of June 2004, by the following vote-to-wit COMMISSIONERS. COMMISSIONERS: COMMISSIONERS• (3 ~5 COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT STANDARD CONDITIONS PROJECT #: DRC2003-00880 SUBJECT: CARRIAGE ESTATES III APPLICANT: PACIFIC CREST COMMUNITIES LOCATION: NORTH OF BANYAN BETWEEN ETIWANDA AND BLUEGRASS ALL OF THE FOLLOW/NG CONDITIONS APPLY TO YOUR PROJECT. APPLICANT SHALL CONTACT THE PLANNING DIVISION, (909) 477-2750, FOR COMPLIANCE WITH THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS: Com letion A. General Requirements 1 The applicant shall agree to defend at his sole expense any action brought against the Clty, Its _/_/_ agents, officers, or employees, because of the issuance of such approval, or in the attemative, to relinquish such approval The applicant shall reimburse the City, Its agents, officers, or employees, for any Court costs and attorney's fees which the City, its agents, officers, or employees maybe required by a court to pay as a result of such action The City may, at Its sole discretion, participate at its own expense In the defense of any such action but such participation shall not relieve applicant of his obligations under this condition 2 Copies of the signed Planning Commission Resolution of Approval No 04-71, Standard _/~_ Conditions, and all environmental mitigations shall be included on the plans (full size) The sheet(s) are for information only to all parties involved In the construction/grading activities and are not required to be wet sealed/stamped by a licensed Engineer/Architect B. Time Limits 1 Conditional Use Permit, Variance, or DevelopmenUDesign Review approval shall expire if _/~_ bwiding permits are not issued or approved use has not commenced within 5 years from the date of approval No extensions are allowed C. Site Development 1 The site shall be developed and maintained In accordance with the approved plans which Include _/_/_ site plans, architectural elevations, exterior materials and colors, landscaping, sign program, and grading on file In the Planning Division, the conditions contained herein, Development Code regulations, and the Etiwanda Specific Plan SC-1-04 I I \planning\final\pingcomm\dre2003-00880cond6-9 doc Protect No DRC2003-00880 Comolet~on Date 2 Prior to any use of the protect site or business activity being commenced thereon, all Conditions _/_/_ of Approval shall be completed to the satisfaction of the City Planner 3 Occupancy of the facilities shall not commence until such time as all Uniform Building Code and _/~_ State Fire Marshal regulations have been complied with Prior to occupancy, plans shall be submitted to the Rancho Cucamonga Fire Protection District and the Bwidtng and Safety Division to show compliance The buildings shall be inspected for compliance prior to occupancy 4 Revised site plans and building elevations incorporating all Conditions of Approval shall be _/_/_ submitted for City Planner review and approval prior to the issuance of building permtts 5 All site, grading, landscape, irrigation, and street improvement plans shall be coordinated for _/_/_ consistency prior to issuance of any permits (such as grading, tree removal, encroachment, building, etc) or pnor to final map approval in the case of a custom lot subdivision, or approved use has commenced, whichever comes first 6 Approval of this request shall not waroe compliance with all sections of the Development Code, all _/_/_ other applicable City Ordinances, and applicable Community or Specific Plans in effect at the time of building permit issuance 7 All ground-mounted utility appurtenances such as transformers, AC condensers, etc ,shall be ~_/_ located out of public view and adequately screened through the use of a combination of concrete or masonry walls, berming, and/or landscaping to the satisfaction of the City Planner For single- family residential developments, transformers shall be placed in underground vaults 8 All bulding numbers and individual units shall be identified in a clear and conase manner, ~_/_ including proper illumination 9 A detailed plan indicating trail widths, maximum slopes, physical conditions, Penang, and weed _/_/_ control, in accordance with City Master Trail drawings, shall be submitted for City Planner review and approval prior to approval and recordation of the Final Tract Map and prior to approval of street improvement and grading plans Developershall upgrade and construct all trails, including fenang and drainage devices, in contunction with street improvements a Local Feeder Trail entrances shall also provide access for service vehicles, such as _/~_ veterinarians or hay deliveries, including a 12-foot minimum drive approach Entrance shall be gated provided that equestrian access is maintained through step-throughs b Local Feeder Trail grades shall not exceed 0 5% at the downstream end of a trail fora ~_/_ distance of 25 feet behind the public right-of-way line to prohibit trail debris from reaching the street Drainage devices may be required by the Building Offiaal c Provide a 24-foot by 24-foot corral area in the rear yard Grade access from corral to trail ~~_ with a maximum slope of 5 1 and a minimum width of 10 feet d For single family residential development within the Equestrian/Rural Overlay District, at ~_/_ feast one model home shall be provided with a constructed 24-foot by 24-foot corral with appropriate Penang 10 The Covenants, Conditions, and Restrictions (CC&Rs) shall not prohibit the keeping the equine _/_/_ animals where zoning regwrements for the keeping of said animals have been met Individual lot owners in subdroisions shall have the option of keeping said animals without the necessity of appealing to boards of directors of homeowners' assoaations for amendments to the CC&Rs 11 All parkways, open areas, and landscaping shall be permanently maintained by the property _/_/_ owner, homeowners' assoaation, or other means acceptable to the City Proof of this landscape maintenance shall be submitted for City Planner and City Engineer review and approved pnor to the issuance of building permits SC-1-04 2 (~ f~ 1 1 ` d6 9 d 2 3 0 80 oc con - - 08 00 i \planning\final\pingcomm\dre Project No DRC2003-00880 Completion Date 12 The developer shall submit a construction access plan and schedule for the development of all _/_/~ 3 i \planning\final\pingcomm\dre2003-00880cond6-9 doc 'J T " lots for City Planner and City Engineer approval, including, but not limited to, public notice requvements, special street posting, phone listing for community concerns, hours of construction activity, dust control measures, and security fencing 13 Six-foot decorative block walls shall be constructed along the protect perimeter If a double wall _/~_ condition would result, the developer shall make a good faith effort to work with the adloimng property owners to provide a single wall Developer shall notify, by mail, all contiguous property owner at least 30 days pnor to the removal of any existing walls/ fences along the project's perimeter 14 Construct block walls between homes (i a ,along interior side and rear property lines), ratherthan _/_/_ wood fencing for permanence, durability, and design consistency 15 Access gates to the rear yards shall be constructed from a material more durable than wood _/_/_ gates Acceptable materials include, but are not limited to, wrought von and PVC 16 For residential development, return walls and corner side walls shall be decorative masonry ~_/_ 17 On corner side yards, provide minimum 5-foot setback between walls/fences and sidewalk The _/_/_ 5-foot wall/fence setback and the parkway shall have landscape and vngation in addition to the requved street trees Detailed landscape and vrigation plans shall be submitted for City Planner revew and approval prior to issuance of building permits The parkway landscaping including trees, shrubs, ground covers and vrigation shall be maintained by the property owner The developer shall provide each prospective buyer written notice of the parkway maintenance requvement, in a standard format as determined by the City Planner, prior to accepting a cash deposit on any property 18 Where rock cobble is used, it shall be real river rock Other stone veneers may be manufactured _/_/~ products D. Building Design 1 All roof appurtenances, including av conditioners and other roof mounted egwpment and/or _/_/_ protections, shall be shielded from view and the sound buffered from adjacent properties and streets as requved by the Planning Division Such screening shall be architecturally integrated with the building design and constructed to the satisfaction of the City Planner Details shall be included in building plans E. Parking and Vehicular Access (indicate details on building plans) 1 Multiple car garage driveways shall be tapered down to a standard two-car width at street _/_/_ F. Landscaping 1 A detailed landscape and vrigation plan, including slope planting and model home landscaping in _/~_ the case of residential development, shall be prepared by a licensed landscape architect and submitted for City Planner review and approval pnor to the issuance of building permits or prior final map approval in the case of a custom lot subdivision 2 Existing trees requved to be preserved in place shall be protected with a construction barrier in _/_/_ accordance with the Municipal Code Section 19 08 110, and so noted on the grading plans The location of those trees to be preserved in place and new locations for transplanted trees shall be shown on the detailed landscape plans The applicant shall follow all of the arborist's recommendations regarding preservation, transplanting, and trimming methods SC-1-04 Protect No DRC2003-00880 Completion Date 3 All private slopes of 5 feet or more in vertical height and of 5 1 or greater slope, but less than 2 1 slope, shall be, at minimum, irrigated and landscaped with appropriate ground cover for erosion control Slope planting required by this section shall include a permanent irrigation system to be installed by the developer prior to occupancy 4 All private slopes in excess of 5 feet, but less than 8 feet in vertical height and of 2 1 or greater slope shall be landscaped and vrigated for erosion control and to soften their appearance as follows one 15-gallon or larger size tree per each 150 sq ft of slope area l-gallon or larger size shrub per each 100 sq ft of slope area, and appropriate ground cover In addition, slope banks in excess of 8 feet in vertical height and 2 1 or greater slope shall also include one 5-gallon or larger size tree per each 250 sq ft of slope area Trees and shrubs shail be planted in staggered clusters to soften and vary slope plane Slope planting required by this section shall include a permanent irrigation system to be installed by the developer prior to occupancy 5 For single-family residential development, all slope planting and urigation shall be continuously maintained in a healthy and thriving condition by the developer until each individual unit is sold and occupied by the buyer Prior to releasing occupancy for those units, an inspection shall be conducted by the Planning Division to determine that they are in satisfactory condition 6 Front yard and corner side yard landscaping and ifrigation shall be requred per the Development Cade and/or the Etiwanda Specific Plan This requirement shall be in addition to the required street trees and slope planting 7 The final design of the perimeter parkways, walls, landscaping, and sidewalks shall be included in the required landscape plans and shall be subject to City Planner review and approval and coordinated for consistency with any parkway landscaping plan which may be requred by the Engineering Division 8 Special landscape features such as mounding, alluvial rock, specimen size trees, meandering sidewalks (with horizontal change), and intensified landscaping, is regwred along 9 Landscaping and irrigation systems required to be installed within the public right-of-way on the perimeter of this project area shall be continuously maintained by the developer 10 All walls shall be provided with decorative treatment If located in public maintenance areas, the design shall be coordinated with the Engineering Division 11 Tree maintenance criteria shall be developed and submitted for City Planner review and approval prior to issuance of building permits These criteria shall encourage the natural growth characteristics of the selected tree species 12 Landscaping and irrigation shall be designed to conserve water through the principles of Xeriscape as defined in Chapter 19 16 of the Rancho Cucamonga Municipal Code 13 New windrow planting of Eucalyptus Maculata (Spotted Gum) is regwred at a ratio of 50 linear feet per acre The size, spacing, staking, and urigation of these trees shall comply with the Citys Tree Preservation Ordinance (RCMC 19 OS 100) G. Other Agencies The applicant shall contact the U S Postal Service to determine the appropriate type and location of mailboxes Multi-family residential developments shall provide a solid overhead structure for mailboxes with adequate lighting The final location of the mailboxes and the design of the overhead structure shall be subject to City Planner review and approval prior to the issuance of budding permits SC-1-04 -J-~- / / / / -f~_ -~~- / / -~~- ~-~- ~_f- -~_J- _/~. ~_/_ i \planning\final\pingcomm\dre2003-00880cond6-9 doc ~ ~q Protect No bRC2003-00880 Completion Date APPLICANT SHALL CONTACT THE ENGINEERING DIVISION, (909) 477-2740, FOR COMPLIANCE WITH THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS: H. Dedication and Vehicular Access 1 Rights-of-way and easements shall be dedicated to the Ctty for all interior public streets, _/_/_ community trails, public paseos, public landscape areas, street trees, traffic signal encroachment and maintenance, and public drainage facilities as shown on the plans and/or tentative map Private easements for non-public facilities (cross-lot drainage, local feeder trails, etc) shall be reserved as shown on the plans and/or tentative map 2 Dedication shall be made of the following rights-of-way on the perimeter streets (measured from _/~_ street centerline) 44 total feet on Etiwanda Avenue _/_/_ 33 total feet on Blueorass Avenue _/_/_ 3 Corner property line cutoffs shall be dedicated per City Standards _/_/_ 4 The developer shall make a good faith effort to acquire the required off-site property interests _/_/_ necessary to construct the required public improvements, and if he/she should fail to do so, the developer shall, at least 120 days prior to submittal of the final map for approval, enter into an agreement to complete the improvements pursuant to Government Code Sections 66462 and 66462 5 at such time as the City decides to acquire the property interests required for the improvements Such agreement shall provide for payment by the developer of all costs incurred by the City if the City decdes to acqure the off-site property interests required in connection with the subdivision Security for a portion of these costs shall be in the form of a cash deposit in the amount given in an appraisal report obtained by the City, at developer's cost The appraiser shall have been approved by the City prior to commencement of the appraisal Street Improvements 1 All public improvements (interior streets, drainagefaalities, communitytrails, paseos, landscaped ~_/_ areas, etc) shown on the plans and/or tentative map shall be constructed to City Standards Interior street improvements shall include, but are not limited to, curb and gutter, AC pavement, drive approaches, sidewalks, street lights, and street trees 2 Pursuant to City Council Resolution No 88-557, no person shall make connections from a source _/~_ of energy, fuel or power to any bwlding service equipment which is regulated by technical codes and for which a permit is requved unless, in addition to any and all other codes, regulations and ordinances, all improvements regwred by these conditions of development approval have been completed and accepted by the City Council, except that in developments containing more than one building or unit, the development may have energy connections made to a percentage of those buildings, or units proportionate to the completion of improvements as required by conditions of approval of development In no case shall more than 95 percent of the buildings or units be connected to energy prior to completion and acceptance of all improvements required by these conditions of approval of development r~ LJ SC-1-04 i \planning\final\pingcomm\dre2003-OOSSOcond6-9 doc ~ ~Q Protect No DRC2003-00880 Completion Date Construct the following perimeter street Improvements Including, but not limited to Street Name Curb & Gutter AC Pvmt Side- walk Drive Appr Street Lights Street Trees Comm Trail Median Island Bike Trail Other Etlwanda Avenue (e) X X X X Bluegrass Avenue X X X X X Notes (a) Median Island Includes landscaping and irrigation on meter (b) Pavement reconstruction and overlays will be determined during plan check (c) If so marked, sidewalk shall be curvilinear per Standard 114 (d)'If so marked, an in-lieu of construction fee shall be provided for this item (e) Cobble curb and gutter Improvement Plans and Construction a Street improvement plans, including street trees, street lights, and intersection safety lights on future signal poles, and traffic signal plans shall be prepared by a registered Civil Engineer and shall be submitted to and approved by the City Engineer Security shall be posted and an agreement executed to the satisfaction of the City Engineer and the City Attorney guaranteeing completion of the public and/or private street improvements, prior to final map approval or the issuance of building permits, whichever occurs first b Prior to any work being performed in public right-of-way, fees shall be paid and a construction permit shall be obtained from the City Engineer's Office in addition to any other permits required c Pavement striping, marking, traffic signing, street name signing, traffic signal conduit, and Interconnect conduit shall be installed to the satisfaction of the City Engineer d Signal conduit with pull boxes shall be installed with any new construction or reconstruction protect along mafor or secondary streets and at intersections for future traffic signals and interconnect wiring Pull boxes shall be placed on both sides of the street at 3 feet outside of BCR, ECR, or any other locations approved by the Ciry Engineer Notes 1) Pull boxes shall be No 6 at intersections and No 5 along streets, a maximum of 200 feet apart, unless otherwise specified by the Ciry Engineer 2) Conduit shall be 3-inch galvanized steel with pull rope or as specified e Handicapped access ramps shall be installed on all corners of intersections per City Standards or as directed by the City Engineer f Existing City roads requiring construction shall remain open to traffic at all times with adequate detours during construction Street or lane closure permits are required A cash deposit shall be provided to cover the cost of grading and paving, which shall be refunded upon completion of the construction to the satisfaction of the City Engineer g Concentrated drainage flows shall not cross sidewalks Under sidewalk drains shall be installed to Ciry Standards, except for single family residential lots h Street names shall be approved by the City Planner prior to submittal for first plan check 5 Street trees, a minimum of 15-gallon size or larger, shall be installed per City Standards in accordance with the City's street tree program SC-1-04 / / ~~- ~~- ~~. -/-/ ~__1_ ~-~. ~-/ / / -~-~- 6 i \pfanning\final\pingcomm\dre2003-00880cond8-9 doc ~ ~` Protect Na DRC2003-00880 CamDle4on Date Install street trees per City street tree design guidelines and standards as follows The completed legend (box below) and construction notes shall appear on the title page of the street improvement plans Street improvement plans shall include a line item within the construction legend stating "Street trees shall be installed per the notes and legend on sheet_(typically sheet 1) " Where public landscape plans are required, tree installation in those areas shall be per the public landscape improvement plans The City Engineer reserves the right to adfust tree species based upon field conditions and other variables For additional information, contact the Protect Engineer Mln Grow Street Name Botanical Name Common Name Space Spacing Size Oty Bluegrass Avenue Rhus lances Afncan sumac 5 ft 20 ft O C 15-Gal fdl in Etiwanda Avenue Eucalyptus Red Gum 8 ft 30 ft O C 15-Gal fill in camaldulensis Per Etiwanda Specific Plan Rancho Vista Lagerstroemia Crape Myrtle 3 ft 20 ft O C 15- Gal fill in indica °Tuscarora' hybrid -pink Construction Notes for Street Trees 1) All street trees are to be planted in accordance with City standard plans 2) Prior to the commencement of any planting, an agronomic soils report shall be furnished to the City inspector Any unusual toxicities or nutrient deficiencies may require backfill soil amendments, as determined by the City inspector 3) All street trees are subtect to inspection and acceptance by the Engineering Division 4) Street trees are to be planted per public improvement plans only Intersection line of sight designs shall be reviewed by the City Engineer for conformance with adopted policy On collector or larger streets, lines of sight shall be plotted for all protect intersections, including driveways Local residential street intersections and commercial or industrial driveways may have lines of sight plotted as required J K. Public Maintenance Areas 1 A separate set of landscape and irrigation plans per Engineering Public Works Standards shall be submitted to the City Engineer for review and approval prior to final map approval or Issuance of building permits, whichever occurs fast The following landscaped parkways, medians, paseos, easements, trails or other areas shall be annexed Into the Landscape Maintenance District Bluegrass Avenue (behind Lots 22-24, along side of Lot 21) 2 Public landscape areas are required to incorporate substantial areas ( % of mortaredcobble or other acceptable non-irrigated surfaces 3 A signed consent and waiver form to loin and/or form the appropriate Landscape and Lighting Distracts shall be filed with the City Engineer prior to final map approval or issuance of building permits whichever occurs first Formation costs shall be borne by the developer 4 All required public landscaping and irrigation systems shall be continuously maintained by the developer until accepted by the City Drainage and Flood Control A final drainage study shall be submitted to and approved by the Clty Engineer prior to final map approval or the issuance of building permits, whichever occurs first All drainage facilities shall be installed as required by the City Engineer SC-1-04 _/_/~ / /. -/~- / / -~-~- -J-~~ i \planning\final\pingcomm\dre2003-00880cond6-9 doc ~ 5p~ Pro)ect No DRC2003-00880 Comolehon Date 2 Adequate provisions shall be made for acceptance and disposal of surface drainage entering the ~ _/~_ • L_ J property from adtacent areas 3 Trees are prohibited within 5 feet of the outside diameter of any public storm drain pipe measured _/_/_ from the outer edge of a mature tree trunk L. Utilities 1 Provide separate utility services to each parcel including sanitary sewerage system, water, gas, _/_/_ electric power, telephone, and cable TV (all underground) in accordance with the Utility Standards Easements shall be provided as required 2 The developer shall be responsible for the relocation of existing utilities as necessary _/_/_ 3 Water and sewer plans shall be designed and constructed to meet the requirements of the _/_/_ Cucamonga County W ater Distract (CCW D), Rancho Cucamonga Fire Protection Distract, and the Environmental Health Department of the County of San Bernardino A letter of compliance from the CCW D is requred prior to final map approval or issuance of permits, whichever occurs first Such letter must have been issued by the water distract within 90 days prior to final map approval in the case of subdivision or prior to the issuance of permits in the case of all other residential protects 4 Approvals have not been secured from all utilities and other interested agencies involved _/~_ Approval of the final parcel map wail be subtect to any requrements that may be received from them M. General Requirements and Approvals 1 Etiwanda/San Sevaine Area Regional Mainline, Secondary Regional, and Master Plan Drainage _/_/_ Fees shall be paid prior to final map approval or prior to bwlding permit issuance if no map is involved 2 Anon-refundable deposit shalt be paid to the City, covering the estimated operating costs for all _/~_ new streetlights for the first six months of operation, prior to final map approval or prior to bwlding permit issuance if no map is involved 3 Prior to the issuance of building permits, a Diversion Deposit and related administrative fees shall _/_/ be paid for the Construction and Demolition Diversion Program The deposit is fully refundable if at least 50% of all wastes generated dunng construction and demolition are diverted from landfills, and appropriate documentation is provided to the City Form CD-1 shall be submked to the Engineering Division when the first bulding permit application is submitted to Building and Safety Form CD-2 shall be submitted to the Engineering Division within 60 days following the completion of the construction and/or demolition protect APPLICANT SHALL CONTACT THE POLICE DEPARTMENT, (909) 477-2800, FOR COMPLIANCE WITH THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS: N. Security Hardware 1 A secondary locking device shall be installed on all sliding glass doors _/_/_ 2 One-inch single cylinder dead bolts shall be installed on all entrance doors If windows are within ~_/ 40 inches of any locking device, tempered glass or a double cylinder dead bolt shall be used 3 All garage or rolling doors shall have slide bolts or some type of secondary locking devices _/_/_ SC-1-04 i \planning\final\pingcomm\dre2003-00880cond6-9 doc ~ 53 Protect No DRC2003-00880 Completion Date O. Windows . 1 All sliding glass windows shall have secondary locking devices and should not be able to be lifted _/_/_ from frame or track in any manner P. Alarm Systems 1 Install a burglar alarm system and a panic alarm if needed Instructing management and _/_/_ employees on the operation of the alarm system will reduce the amount of false alarms and in turn save dollars and lives 2 Alarm companies shall be provided with the 24-hour Sheriff's dispatch number (909) 941-1488 _/_/_ APPLICANT SHALL CONTACT THE FIRE SAFETY DIVISION, FIRE PROTECTION PLANNING SERVICES AT, (909) 477-2770, FOR COMPLIANCE WITH THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS: SEE ATTACHED SC-1-04 i \planning\final\pingcomm\dre2003-00880cond6-9 doc ~ J`I' RANCHO CUCAMONGA FIRE DISTRICT STANDARD CONDITIONS May 4, 2004 Carnage Estates III W/O Etiwanda N/O Banyan SFR Tract DRC2003-00880 & SUBTT16466 THE FOLLOWING STANDARD CONDITIONS APPLY TO THIS PROJECT. FSC-1 Public and Private Water Supply 1 Design gwdehnes for Fire Hydrants. The following provides design gmdelmes for the spacing and location of fire hydrants a The maximum distance between fire hydrants m single-fanuly residential projects is 500-feet No portion of the extenor wall facing the addressed street shall be more than 250-feet from an approved fire hydrant For cut-de-sacs, the distance shall not exceed 200-feet b Fire hydrants are to be located The preferred locations for fire hydrants are. • 1 At the entrance(s) to a commercial, mdustnal or residential protect from the public roadways 2. At intersections. 3 On the nght side of the street, whenever practical and possible 4 As required by the Fire Safety Division to meet operational needs of the Fire Distnct 5 A minimum of forty-feet (40') from any building FSC-2 Fire Flow 1. The regmred fire flow for this project is 2250 gallons per minute at a minimum residual pressure of 20-pounds per square inch This requirement is made in accordance with Fire Code Appendix III-A, as adopted by the Fire Distnct Ordinances Z Public fire hydrants located within a 500-foot radius of the proposed protect may be used to provide the required fire flow subject to Fire Distnct review and approval Pnvate fire hydrants on adjacent property shall not be used to provide required fire flow 3 Firewater plans are required for all projects that must extend the existing water supply to or onto the site Building permits will not be issued until firewater plans are approved. 4 On all site plans to be submitted for review, show all fire hydrants located within 600-feet of the proposed project site FSC-4 Requirement for an Automatic Fire Sprinkler Systems Rancho Cucamonga Fire Distnct Ordinance 15, the 2001 California Fire Code and/or any other applicable standards require an approved automatic fire spnnkler system to be installed m • 1 All structures that do not meet Fire Distnct access requirements (see Fire Access) 2 When required fire flow cannot be provided due to inadequate volume or pressure ~ 5~ FSC-6 Fire District Site Access Frre D~stnct access roadways include public roads, streets and highways, as well as pnvate roads, streets dnve aisles and/or designated fire lanes Please reference the RCFPD Fire Department Access -Fire Lanes Standard 9-7 1 Specifications for private Fire District access roadways per the RCFPD Standards are a The minimum unobstructed width ~s 26-feet b The maximum ms~de turn rodms shall be 20-feet c The mmrmum outside tum radms shall be 46-feet d The mrnrmum radius for cul-de-sacs rs 45-feet e The mmrmum vertical cleazance rs 14-feet, 6-inches f At any pnvate entry medran, the mmrmum width of traffic lanes shall be 20-feet on each srde g The angle of depazture and approach shall not exceed 9-degrees or 20 percent h The maxrmum grade of the dnvmg surface shall not exceed 12% ~ Support a mrnrmum load of 70,000 pounds gross vehicle weight (GVW) ~ Trees and shrubs planted adjacent to the fire lane shall be kept trammed to a minimum of 14- feet, 6-inches from the ground up Vegetatron shall not be allowed to obstruct Frre Department apparatus 2 Residential gates installed across Frre Distract access roads shall be installed rn accordance with RCFPD Resrdential Gate Standard #9-1 The following desrgn regmrements apply. a. All automatic gates shall be provided wrth a Fue Drstnct approved, compatible traffic pre- emption device The devices shall be drgrtal Analog devices aze not acceptable Devices shall be installed m accordance with the manufacturer's instructions and specrfications b Vehicle access gates shall be provided wrth an approved Fire Distract Knox Key Swrtch • c The key switch shall be located outsrde and immediately adjacent to the gate for use m the event that the traffic pre-emption device fails to operate d A traffic loop device must be installed to allow exiting from the complex e The gate shall remain rn the open position for not less than 20-mrnutes and shall automatically reset 3 Fire Lane Identification Red curbing and/or s~gnage shall rdentify the &re lanes A site plan illustrating the proposed delineation that meets the minimum Fire Distract standards shall be included m the azchrtectural plans subrrutted to B&S for approval 4 Approved Fire Department Access: Any approved mrtigation measures must be clearly noted on the site plan A copy of the approved Alternative Method application, rf applicable, must be reproduced on the architectural plans submrtted to B&S for plan revrew. FSC-9 Single-family Residential Sales Model homes regmre approved Frre Distract vehicle access and water supply from a publrc or pnvate water marn system before constructron FSC-13 Alternate Method Application Frre Constructron Servrces staff and the Frre Marshal will revrew al] requests for alternate method, when submrtted The request must be submrtted on the Frre Drsmct "Application for Alternate Method" form along wrth supportrng documents and payment of the $92 revrew fee m revrewmg the agreement the following shall be included m the subrrrrttal The current trtle reports to provrde a legal descnptron and proof of ownershrp for all propertres • included m the agreement Gl0 Chronological Summary of RCFPD Standard Conditions • PRIOR TO ISSUANCE OF BUILDING PERMITS -Please complete the following prior to the issuance of any building permits: 1 Private Water Supply (Fire) Systems The applicant shall subrrnt construction plans, specifications, flow test data and calculations for the pnvate water main system for review and approval by the Fire D~stnct Plans and installation shall comply with Fire District Standards Approval of the on-site (pnvate) fire underground and water plans ~s regmred pnor to any building pennrt issuance for any structure on the site Private on-site combination domestic and fire supply system must be designed m accordance with RCFPD Standards # 9-4, #10-2 and #10-4 The Building & Safety Division and Fue Construction Services will perform plan checks and inspections All pnvate on-site fire hydrants shall be installed, flushed and operable pnor to delrvenng any combustible frarmng matenals to the site Fire construction Services will inspect the installation, witness hydrant flushing and grant a clearance before lumber is dropped 2 Public Water Supply (Domestic/Fire) Systems The applicant shall subtrut a plan showing the locations of all new public f re hydrants for the review and approval by the Fire D~stnct and CCWD On the plan, show all ex~shng fire hydrants within a 600-foot radds of the project. All required public fire hydrants shall be installed, flushed and operable pnor to del~venng any combustible frarmng matenals to the site CCWD personnel shall inspect the installation and witness the hydrant flushing Fire Construction Services shall inspect the site after acceptance of the public water system by CCWD Fire CODStrUCUOn Services must grant a clearance before lumber is dropped 3 Construction Access The access roads must be paved m accordance with all the requirements of the RCFPD Fire Lane Standard #9-7 All temporary utilrt~es over access roads must be installed at least 14' 6" above the finished surface of the road 4 Fire Flow A current fire flow letter from CCWD must be recewed The applicant is responsible for obtaining the fire flow information from CCWD and subrnitting the letter to Fire Construction Services 5 Easements and Reciprocal Agreements All easements and agreements must be recorded with the County of San Bernardino PRIOR TO THE RELEASE OF TEMPORARY POWER The building construction must be substantially completed m accordance with Fire Construction Services' "Temporary Power Release Checklist and Procedures". PRIOR TO OCCUPANCY OR FINAL INSPECTION -Please complete the following: 1. Hydrant Markers All fire hydrants shall have a blue reflective pavement marker md~cating the fire hydrant location on the street or driveway m accordance with the Crty of Rancho Cucamonga Engineering Standard Plan 134, "Installation of Reflective Hydrant Markers" On pnvate property, the markers shall be installed at the centerline of the fire access road, at each hydrant location 2 Private Fire Hydrants For the purpose of final acceptance, a licensed sprinkler contractor, m the • presence of Fire Construction Services, shall conduct a test of the most hydraulically remote on- s~te fire hydrants The underground fire line contractor, developer and/or owner are responsible for h~nng the company to perform the test A final test report shall be subrmtted to Fire S~ Construction Services verifying the fire flow available The fire flow available must meet or • exceed the regmred fire flow m accordance with the California Fire Code 3 Fire Sprinkler System Prior to the issuance of a Certificate of Occupancy, the fire sprinkler system(s) shall be tested and accepted by Fire Construction Services 4 Fire Sprinkler Monitoring Pnor to the issuance of a Certificate of Occupancy, the fire sprinkler momtonng system must be tested and accepted by Fue Construction Services The ftre sprinkler momtonng system shall be installed, tested and operational immediately following the completion of the fire sprinkler system (subject [o the release of power) 5 Fire Suppression Systems and/or other special hazazd protection systems shall be inspected, tested and accepted by Fire Construction Services before occupancy ~s granted and/or equrpment ~s placed m service 6. Fire Alarm System Pnor to the issuance of a Certificate of Occupancy, the fire alarm system shall be installed, inspected, tested and accepted by Fue Construction Services 7 Access Control Gates Pnor to the issuance of a Certificate of Occupancy, veh~culaz gates must be inspected, tested and accepted m accordance with RCFPD Standards #9-1 or #9-2 by Fire Construction Services 8. Fire Access Roadways: Pnor to the issuance of any Certificate of Occupancy, the fire access roadways must be installed in accordance with the approved plans and acceptable to Fire Construction Servtces. The CC&R's, the rec~proca] agreement and/or other approved documents shall be recorded and contain an approved fire access roadway map with provisions that proh~brt pazkmg, specify the method of enforcement and identifies who ~s responsible for the required annual inspections and the maintenance of all required fire access roadways . 9. Address: Pnor to the granting of occupancy, single-farmly dwellings shall post the address with rrummum 4-inch numbers on a contrasting background The numbers shall be mtemally or externally illurmnated dunng penods of darkness The numbers shall be visible from the street When bmldmg setback from the public roadway exceeds 100-feet, additional 4-inch numbers shall be displayed at the properly entry 10. Address: Pnor to the issuance of a Cerl~ficate of Occupancy, cornmercial/mdustnal and multi- farmly bmldmgs shall post the address with rmmmum 8-inch numbers on contrasting background, visible from the street and electrically illurmnated dunng penods of darkness. When the building setback exceeds 200 feet from the public street, an addrt~onal non-illuminated 6-inch rmmmum number address shall be provided at the property entrance Larger address numbers will be regmred on bmldmgs located on wide streets or built with large setbacks mmulti-tenant commerc~a] and mdusmal buildings The suite des~gnahon numbers and/or letters shall be provided on the front and back of all suites 11. Confidential Business Occupancy Information The applicant shall complete the Rancho Cucamonga Fire D~stnct "Confidential Business Occupancy Infonnahon" form This form provides contact mfonnation for Ftre District use m the event of an emergency at the subject bmldmg or property This fonn must be presented to the Fire Construction Services Inspector r~ LJ Qs~ T H E C I T Y O F R A N C U O C U C A M O N G A Staff Report DATE June 9,2004 TO Chairman and Members of the Planning Commission FROM Brad Buller, Clty Planner BY. Emily Wimer, Assistant Planner SUBJECT TENTATIVE PARCEL MAP SUBTPM16480 - LEWIS RETAIL CENTERS - A review of the Covenants, Conditions, & Restrictions (CC&Rs) for Tentative Parcel Map SUBTPM16480 (approved by Planning Commission April 28, 2004) on 26 13 acres of land in the existing Terra Vista Town Center shopping center, located at the northwest corner of Foothill Boulevard and Spruce Street - APN 1077-422-26 and 70 • PROJECT AND SITE DESCRIPTION Site Characteristics The protect site is a 26 acre portion of an existing 71 acre shopping center known as Terra Vista Town Center The portion of the site that is the subtect of the parcel map contains 14 buildings, which were constructed between 1990 and 1997 ANALYSIS A Background On April 28, 2004, the Planning Commission reviewed the application to subdivide the property into 14 parcels that are located on individual pads in the Terra Vista Town Center The purpose of the parcel map is to allow the sale of each individual building to separate owners The Planning Commission was concerned that the high quality of management and maintenance of the parcels currently provided by the single owner (Lewis Retail Centers) would not be consistently maintained by separate individual owners The Planning Commission directed the applicant to return with Covenants, Conditions and Restrictions (CC&Rs) for their review at the next available public hearing The CC&Rs were submitted for review by Lewis Retail Centers on May 20, 2004 The cover page is a description of the amendment which explains the proposal of Lewis Retail Centers to retain at least one parcel to maintain the common area of the Terra Vista Town Center The amendment provides that in the future, Lewis may eventually sell all of the parcels, and at that time Lewis may transfer the management of the center to the owner of another parcel or if there is not a suitable manager, Lewis will require that a qualified management company be hired As of the writing of this report, the CC&Rs are being reviewed by the City Attorney's office ITEM "C" PLANNING COMMISSION STAFF REPORT SUBTPM16480 - LEWIS RETAIL CENTERS June 9, 2004 Page 2 B General The applicant is proposing to subdivide the property into 14 parcels that correspond to the general location of 14 existing buildings Six of the existing buildings are located on individual pads, while the remainder of the bwldings are attached components of the in-line shopping center The purpose of the parcel map would be to allow the sale of each individual bwiding to a separate owner Considering that, a condition of approval that requires the preparation of CC&Rs that will ensure coordinated property maintenance as well as allow reciprocal access and parking through all parcels has been included RECOMMENDATION Staff recommends that the Planning Commission approve the amended CC&Rs Respectfully submitted, ra I r Ci anner BB EW/ge • Attachments Exhibit "A" - Amendment to the CC&Rs with cover letter Exhibit "B" - Location Map u ca • Lewis Retail Centers a member of the Lewis group of companies 1156 North Mountain Avenue Upland, CA 91785 Direct Lme (909) 949-6743 Direct Fax (909) 931-5571 May 20, 2004 Mr. Brad Buller City Planner CITY OF RANCHO CUCAMONGA 10500 Civic Center Drive Rancho Cucamonga, CA 91729-0807 Re Amendment to the Reciprocal Easements and Declaration of Covenants Running with the Land ("Declaration") for Terra Vista Town Center ("Center") Tentative Parcel Map SUBTPM 16480 Plamm~g Commission Resolution No 04-45 • Dear Brad In accordance with the Conditions of Approval from the Plamm~g Commission's approval of Tentative Parcel Map SUBTPM 16480 to subdivide the eastern portion of the Center, we are submitted copies of the Amendment to the Declaration for the Plamm~g Commission's review and approval We have also enclosed a letter from our attorney, Drew Emmel, which explains how the original Declaration and the proposed Amendment wdl work together to ensure the continued long-term maintenance and operation of the Center The provisions of the original Declaration address reciprocal easements for utilities, ingress and egress, shared parking, architectural design standards, conformance to the Sign Program, and maintenance of common areas, landscaping and buildings Lewis, Target and Mervyn's have enforced these provisions to maintain the high-quality appearance of the Center since it opened Although Lewis will sell some of the parcels in the Center, we will continue to own at least one parcel in the Center for the foreseeable future, and will maintain the common area of the Center in the same manner as we have in the past. However, because Lewis may eventually sell all of its parcels in the Center, the Amendment provides a way for Lewis to transfer the management responsibility to the owner of another parcel within the Center We wdl require that the responsible owner either be qualified to manage the Center or hire a . qualified property management company ~~ t 1 C3 Mr Brad Buller • May 20, 2004 Page 2 Please rest assured that since Lewis continues to own and develop property within the Terra Vista Master Planned Community, we have a vested interest in maintaining the high-quality appearance and operation of the Center If you would like to discuss the Declaration or the Amendment, please either call me at (909) 949-6743 or our attorney, Drew Emmel, at (949) 851-5433 Sincer!ely~ Mark Wendel Vice President -Retail Project Development Enclosures cc Mark Bertone, Madole and Associates (w/enclosures) Drew Emmel, Allen Matkins Leck Gamble & Mallory LLP (w/o enclosures) • Barry Ephraim, Lewis Operating Corp (w/enclosures) David Linden, Lewis Operating Corp. (w/enclosures) Emily Wimer, City of Rancho Cucamonga (w/enclosures) • C Allen Matkins Leck Gamble & Mallory LLP 4ttomcys at law ~ Allen Matkins 1900 Main Street 5th Floor Irvine California 926147321 telephone 949 553 1313 facsimile 949 553 8354 www allenmatkins com writer Drew Emmel t 949 851 5433 As numbsr, L525B-051/DC699435 O6 • demmel®allenmaduns com May 20, 2004 Planning Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga 10500 Ctvtc Center Dnve Rancho Cucamonga, CA 91729 Re: Reciprocal Easements and Declazatton of Covenants Running Wtth the Land ("Declaration") for Terre Vista Town Center, Rancho Cucamonga Deaz Commtsstoners• As you are aware, Lewis Operating Corp. and its affiliate Western Land Properties ("Lewis") have requested that the City of Rancho Cucamonga approve Parcel Map 16480 which . subdivides the eastern portion of the Center. The subdivision of the Center will allow Lewis to sell separate legal parcels of the Center to individual buyers. However, Lewis anticipates owning pomons of the Center for the foreseeable future, so rt is important to Lewis that the mtegnty of the Center be maintazned. The Declazahon contains many provisions that will ensure the continuation of the same high quality of management, maintenance and operation of the Center In addition, Lewis has prepazed a Fourth Amendment to the Declaration ("Amendment") that will allow Lewis to designate a qualified owner of a pazcel m the Center to be responsible for the common area in the future Notwithstanding the sale of the parcels, (1) Lewis, Target and Mervyn's (the "Mayor Parcel Owners") will continue to have pnmary control and approval nghts over the operation and maintenance of the Center for as long as they own a parcel in the Center, and (2) the new buyers will not control the maintenance, operation or appearance of the common area or the buildings m the Center The Declazatton has effectively provided for the consistent operation and maintenance of the Cen[er which Target, Mervyn's, the tenants of the Center, the City of Rancho Cucamonga, and the entire community have enjoyed since the Center opened in 1989. The Declazatton contains enough restnchons and controls to continue to provide that consistency. It is anticipated that Lewis will continue to own at least one parcel of the Center for the foreseeable future,and accordingly, pursuant to the Declaration, Lewis will be responsible for the common area in the same manner as it has been in the past. Because Lewis may eventually sell all of its pazcels m the Center, the Amendment provides a mechanism for transfemng management responsibility to the owner of another parcel within the Center In addition, Lewis • will require that the responsible owner either be qualified to manage the Center or hire a Orange County Ccntury Ctty Los Angeles San Umgo San Franusw CS Allen Matkins Leck Gamble & Mallory LLP a¢orneys of law • Planning Comintsston of the City of Rancho Cucamonga May 20, 2004 Page 2 qualified third party manager This mechanism will ensure that a qualified party performs that role Because the common area will be managed by one entity, the Center will continue to appeaz as tf it is owned by one entity. Section 12.4 of the Declaration provides that for as long as Lewis continues to own a parcel within the Center, Lewis will have the tight to exercise all approval tights for all of the Center other than Target and Mervyn's In addition, the existing provisions in the Declazation that address the control and management of the individual buildings and common area will remain in place. For example, Section 7.4 requires that all changes to the common area shall at all times conform to the design criteria concepts of the Center so that all improvements shall be architecturally and aesthetically compatible and harmonious with the other buildings and improvements m the Center. Section 7.4 also contains a requirement that no changes to the common area may materially reduce the effective pazking for users of any Pazcel or materially . and adversely change the traffic flow pattern for any Pazcel. The Declaration contains many provisions that will ensure that the Center is maintazned as a first-class shopping center. For example, Section 3 3 mandates a unifonn general plan for the Center and requires that any development or construction, remodeling or reconstruction of any "building m the Building Area, or alteration or addition to the common area, shall at al] times conform to the design concepts of the Shopping Center so that the extenor of all such buildings, including without limitation, extenor elevations and color thereof, and all such other improvements will be architecturally and aesthetically compatible and haimonious with the other buildings and improvements in the Shopping Center " Section 3 3 also provides that the design standards shall be siriiilar to other first-class shopping centers m Cahfomia. Section 9 1 requires each owner to obtain the consent of the Malor Parcel Owners to any construction, remodeling or reconstruction (including extenor design, material selection and color for the extenor surface of the affected building or other improvements). These provisions will ensure that all of the buildings in the Center will continue to mazntain a harmonious appearance and be operated to a first class manner Article 11 provides broad enforcement tights, including a cure tight (see Section 11.1) and lien tights (See Section 11.4), so that the parties have the ability to enforce the tenns of the Declaration The combined effect of the provisions identified m this letter is to create a centrally managed Center that will appear to be owned and operate by one entity and not by multiple • owners C~ Allen Matkms Leck Gamble & Mallory LLF attorneys a1 law • Planning Comrmsslon of the City of Rancho Cucamonga May 20, 2004 Page 3 Please note that the Amendment ~s currently under review by Tazget, and is subject to their comments We wtll promptly notify you of any matenal comments. If you would Itke to discuss the Declaration or the Amendment, please call Bany Ephrazm, Mark Wendel or me. Very truly yours, ~7 'Drew DME ]ry cc Mr Mark Wendel • Mr Barry Ephraim Mr David L Linden i ~~ When Recorded Mail To • Westem Land Properties c/o Lewis Operating Corp Attention Legal Deparhnent (KPC) 1156 N Mountain Avenue Upland, California 91786-3633 P O Box 670 Upland, California 91785-0670 (Space Above For Recorder's Use) AMENDMENT N0.4 TO REA THIS AMENDMENT NO 4 TO REA ("Amendment") is made as of this day of May, 2004, by and among TARGET CORPORATION, a Minnesota corporation, which was formerly known as "Dayton Hudson Corporation" ("Target"), MERVYN'S, a California corporation ("Mervyn's"), and WESTERN LAND PROPERTIES, a Cahforma limited partnership, which fonnerly did business as "Western Properties" ("Developer"), and amends, modifies, supplements and is made a part of that certain First Amendment to and Restatement of . Grant of Reciprocal Easements and Declaration of Covenants Running with the Land (the "REA"), dated as of January 3, 1990, and recorded on January 4, 1990, as Instrument No 90- 004570 mOfficial Records of San Bernardino County, Cahforma ("Official Records"), as amended by that certain Amendment to REA dated as of Apnl 16, 1991, and recorded on June 5, 1991, as Instrument No 91-209740 (the "First Amendment"), and Amendment No 2 to REA with Subordination by Secunty Pacific Bank dated as of November 14, 1991, and recorded January 10, 1992, as Instrument No 92-009461 m the Official Records (the "Second Amendment"), and Amendment No 3 to REA dated as of January 29, 2001, and recorded January 30, 2001, as Instrument No. 20010034050 in the Official Records (the "Third Amendment") All capitalized words, terms, and phrases not otherwise defined m t}us Amendment shall have the meamngs assigned to them m the REA, and any capitalized word, term, or phrase which is defined m t}us Amendment differently than m the REA shall be read to have its new meaning m the REA as well as tlvs Amendment unless the context would required otherwise Target, Mervyn's and Developer are sometimes referred to collectively as the "Parties " RECITALS A Concurrently with the execution and recordation of tlvs Amendment, Developer is recording a new pazcel map, identified as Pazcel Map No 16480 (the "Parcel Map"), which will subdivide a portion of the Developer Parcel (as defined m the REA) into new pazcels identified as Pazcels 1 through 14 of the Pazcel Map Cg 7006b0 04/OC L5255-051/5-]7-04/dme/dme ORAFI' 4 Countemarts For convenience, the signatures of each of the Parties maybe executed and acknowledged on separate pages which when attached to this Amendment shall constitute this as one complete Amendment 5 Amendment The REA, the First Amendment, the Second Amendment, the Third Amendment, and this Amendment are meant to be read together m harmony and except as amended hereby, all other provisions of the REA, the Fust Amendment, the Second Amendment, and the Third Amendment are hereby ratified and confirmed as ~f set forth m full m this Amendment. However, if there is any conflict between the provisions of this Amendment and the provisions of any one or more of the REA, the First Amendment, Second Amendment, or the Third Amendment, then the provisions of this Amendment shall prevail i 700660 04/OC L5255-051/5-17-04/dme/dme DRAFT C B Developer desires to sell some or all of the Pazcels within the Developer Parcel to third parties C The Parties desire to revise the REA to account for the crearion of the new parcels, and Developer's sale of Pazcels NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing, and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby mutually acknowledged, the Parttes agree as follows• 1 Pazcels. The legal pazcels created by the Parcel Map maybe referred to herein collectively as the "New Parcels " All references to "Developer Parcel" shall include all legal pazcels within the Developer Pazcel, collectively, whether previously existing or created by the Pazcel Map 2 Sale by Any Party The Parties acknowledge that the teams of Section 13.1 of the REA shall apply to the assignment, conveyance, sale or other transfer by any Party of its entire nght, title and interest in its Pazcel or any portion thereof, including without limitation, any of the New Pazcels 3 Sale by Party Mamtamme Common Area The following is hereby added at the end of Section 13 2 of the REA • "Upon transfer by Developer of its entire nght, title and interest in its Parcel, or at such eazher time as Developer may elect, Developer shall have the nght to select the owner of any portion of the Developer Pazcel to assume the nghts and obligations of Developer under Article V (such Party shall be referred to herein as the "New Manager"), provided, however, that notwithstanding the terms of Section 5 3 of this Agreement, the New Manager shall not assume the obligation to mdemmfy and defend any other Party m connection with any third party contracts entered into with Hurd persons to perform the duties and obligations set forth m Article 5 of the 1ZEA. Developer may select an owner to become the New Manager by providing such owner with a wntten nonce and providing a copy of such notice to the other Parties Promptly after providing an owner with such notice, the Parties and such owner shall execute an addendum to the REA, m recordable format, which memonahzes that such owner is the New Manager, and that upon such owner's transfer of its fee ownership of its parcel (the "Manager's Pazcel"), the successor in interest to its parcel shall become the New Manager Thereafter, each owner, from time to time, of the Manager's Parcel shall become the New Manager By accepting title to any portion of the Developer Parcel, all owners of a parcel within the Developer Pazcel shall be deemed to have irrevocably agreed to the terms of this Section 13 2 " i 700660 04/OC L5255-051/5-17-04/dmUdme -2- DRAFT C (o IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Amendment was executed by the Parties on the date first above wntten "MERVYN'S" MERVYN'S, a California corporation By. "TARGET" TARGET CORPORATION, formerly lrnown as Dayton Hudson Corporation, a Minnesota corporation By "DEVELOPER" 700660 04/OC 13255-061 /6-17-04/dme/dme WESTERN LAND PROPERTIES, a Cahforma limited partnership By LEWIS OPERATING CORP , a Cahforma corporation Its General Partner Name• Its Name• Its By -4- CII Name Its DRAFT oL'9-o:6 (coo) CSW-S'!'6 di ONr'id9 'AY MY!N~OIY N 95[ $tl31N~J >/rlitl SML'~ ~It~a~ ~ 8 VM ~M1W ~~ Y S-RF4Y a a2iMr onxv ~~~~~.~~ 5 main ia°nn> a». ~ ~ a 1~ osaet drn 73~Ned Ha,LNBJ NAIOd YdSrd b7l8E,L e ~~ dvx Noccnnrzn arcs ; ; 4 y s Sa.'aM> wb llY2W SINJ,MJ Yw/J L S • ~~1 i~;~o ~~ =~~~ _-~ ~ \ ~ ~ ~~ J~I__ V o--1 o ; ~ I~ 1 ~'~ r / ~ /1 I; I I 2~ ~ ~ % C/ IS I; I ~ ~' 1; I ~.~~~= _'==-~~ ~~, ~ ~ / e ~ is i ~ 1\ 1 \~~///~Y _ ~~ Ic SMM6 I /~~,/ ~ _7 111111 T J I r,,/,,,/ d,G I f 1 ~ ~ I ~lui ;` ~ ~~ ~//,; , .~ I~I 1 rl I I I __ --- p~ , r~ i '641 ~ ~ ~lNHNHSu---III u I C ~ /rrI / `Itl I; ~ I II ~ I O <~ ~r rrri i I II I ~6 ~2~ ~ rr 'F' .III 3 I W~ 4~ ~yo rte/ rr li r ( I I ~ j; ~ I 1 w ~ `~ i rr i~ir •+1 ' I~j ~ ~ I I Z o ~n r i r r /r ~; l;l 3~ I I ~i x / ni 4rr 'y3 . r ` ~ li ' !Q a ~ p/ r ~~ r i! +8 ~ X16• D ~ ~ I ~ ~` ~~~ ~~ ~ °8 ,<~ ~ ~ /x~~ ' III I [.~ < ~ ~m ~ ~~6 G' r r \.i~d r~/.jiF ^°~I ~_,limin I I ~ II C z .r 2 ti` %C' w- ~I III,, I `u 41 V e i t Z e r r F ./ '~~ e s I I ~ ~a '"'/rir ii ~° ' ~ I I R„ ~ 1/' /y 9 .~>,mmr ~% w~ 1{f9~P_ ~ I I I \~ ~\~e // \ i NI, C I I I~~ ~ // `~=~~ 1 Z I I I \° `-' / j~1WUU_gr:\n~a.usn~mi~c. 1 IiA yj I I i II I j /< L; ' ~~ (J% i ' a~uuu ! _ _ 11111 {~ ~ ~ ~+r ~~ ~LJ //' !\ ~d,}~I1Y.tY _! J_ I 13Y'lS NI¢Y I I I v I ~°;,/~1' At --- - '}~_"~irzTS~: '--- _ ass a ' ~ ~ Ipl I o I i;~ /!''~~ ~o~~ ~~ ~ u~ I ,-,l I 111 ~ / ~ E ~.~ FJ` ~d ~~ I'~l ffi ~ '3'9 I I I~ I1;. ~/!7 ~~ar tR ~r yrj ,`; ~ z 1rt° j ~~•id i I s t (,(, ~ .\~ ~'~~ ~ ~ ~I,~IMINNNN ~ I 1 (~~(~ \ d ,~/ / ylh I l1 li rr ynyl E', ~ ?~~ \~i~~~/ ,i j~ `~ : •_, i 'oflHf is ~. ~ ll' tll r f•€ e~ _=~ I I r _t~ 1 € ~ a~/ i~ C, 4!~ 'l 111 I1~~uu wuwl I; -4~ 111 i i / ~ I `ma`y + / 1: f~` `~\~~ Yi m{ Imi ~I °~~ W~ II '~'~~;~\ ~KtNHHHNf"~61NIf _ ,! ~ II~ V ~ y - I ~ =~~ y'I ~I \ ~\ 1611 i = ~ i1 f+i l \ _. i~~,~ /~ ` I ~.~II~~H{~Iff~' I s = oll `r I II ,~~~«>~-~ ill l!II_, ~~ iI ,II~{fH I ' X21' II UI ~ z r \\~. ~ 1 iZL771/~ / ID a ninuuuueu~mjl .I P, Staff Report DATE June 9, 2004 TO Chairman and Members of the Planning Commission FROM. Brad Buller, City Planner BY Ruben Warren, Planning Technician SUBJECT VARIANCE DRC2004-00376 - ANDRESEN ARCHITECTURE - A request for a 5-foot reduction in the required minimum 32-foot front yard setback for a dwelling expansion in the Low Residential Distract (2-4 dwelling units per acre), located at . 9666 Hampshire Street - APN: 0208-372-01 PROJECT AND SITE DESCRIPTION• A Site Characteristics The project site is located in the Low Residential District at 9666 Hampshire Street The property consists of one single-family residence on a lot of 12,779 square feet The lot is irregularly shaped and situated with only three sides The house fronts Hampshire Street which curves to align with Hampshire Street east of Archibald Avenue The rear of the house faces the northern property line, which abuts an alley serwng the subdiwsion and commercial uses on the south side of Foothill Boulevard, immediately west of Archibald Avenue The property is visible from Archibald Avenue with an adtoimng streeUalley and vacanUdirt land. B Surrounding Land Use and Zonino North - Specialty Commercial District (Subarea 3) South - Single-Family Residences, Low Residential Distract (2-4 dwelling units per acre) East - Single-Family Residences, Low Residential District (2-4 dwelling urnts per acre) West - Single-Family Residences, Low Residential District (2-4 dwelling units per acre) ANALYSIS A General The applicant desires to build a room addition at the front of their house The applicant is requesting a Variance to allow a 5-foot encroachment into a minimum 32-foot required front yard setback area along Hampshire Street A single-story expansion matching the architecture of the home is proposed at a 27-foot setback from the curb face Development Code, Section 17 08 040(6), requires a front yard setback area of a 37-foot ITEM "D" PLANNING COMMISSION STAFF REPORT DRC2004-00376 - ANDRESEN ARCHITECTURE • June 9, 2004 Page 2 average with 5 feet additional or less It is the unusual triangular shape of this lot that creates the need for, and fustification for, a Variance This lot is in essence a corner lot situated at the intersection of Hamilton Street and a public alley, however, lacks a corner side yard Instead, the lot features a front yard measuring 168 25 feet wide, whereas, only 60 feet at the front setback line is required within the same district FACTS FOR FINDINGS The purpose of a Variance is to provide flexibility from the strict application of development standards when special arcumstances pertaining to the property such as size, shape, topography, or location deprive a property of privileges enfoyed by other properties in the vianity and in the same district. In considering a request for a Variance, there are a series of findings under State Law that must be substantiated by fact in order to approve the request. Generally, these findings center on the uniqueness or special arcumstances of a particular property or the use of the designation Staff fords special or unique arcumstances assoaated with the proposed development of the site, which warrants approval of the Variance request The following supports this Findino 1 That the strict or literal interpretation and enforcement of the speafied regulations would result in practical difficulty or unnecessary physical • hardship inconsistent with the obfectroes of the Development Code FacUs The literal interpretation of the Development Code creates hardship for the site in question as the established criteria is conducroe to conventional lot arrangements (i a ,more rectangular shaped), non-triangularly shaped lots. Finding 2 That there are exceptional or extraordinary arcumstances or conditions applicable to the property involved or to the intended use of the property that do not apply generally to other properties in the same distract FacUs The house and subdivision pre-date the City's incorporation The triangular shape of this lot creates a unique situation whereby the lot features a front yard measuring 168 25 feet wide, whereas, only 60 feet at the front setback line is regwred within the same district Findinci 3 That strict or literal interpretation and enforcement of the speafied regulation would deprave the applicant of privileges enfoyed by the owners of other properties in the same zone FacUs The strict interpretation of regulations would deprive the property owner from constructing a room addition that is common to the Low Residential District in terms of lot coverage, including required setback area Finding 4 That the granting of the Variance will not constitute a grant of speaal privilege inconsistent with the limitations on the other properties classified in the same distract FacUs The expansion of a dwelling is consistent with limitations of the properties in the same district t~2 PLANNING COMMISSION STAFF REPORT DRC2004-00376 - ANDRESEN ARCHITECTURE • June 9, 2004 Page 3 Finding 5 That the granting of the Variance will be detrimental to the public health, safety or welfare, or materially incurious to properties or improvements in the vicinity FacUs The dwelling expansion wdl not negatively affect nearby properties or improvements nor will it negatively affect the public health, safety, or welfare CORRESPONDENCE This item was advertised as a public hearing in the Inland Vallev Daily Bulletin newspaper, the property was posted, and all property owners within 300 feet of the protect site were notified. RECOMMENDATION• Staff recommends that the Planning Commission approve Variance DRC2002-00376 through the adoption of the attached Resolution of Approval with Conditions Respectfully submitted, ~/ Brad Buller • City Planner BB RW\ma Attachments Exhibit "A" - Viarnty/Location Map Exhibit "B" - Site Plan Exhibit "C" - Photographs Exhibit "D" - Request for Variance submitted April 13, 2004 Draft Resolution of Approval for Varance DRC2002-00376 D3 ~uc~ ' X /J -- ~' ;% i ~ I `~ a , ~i sl U L • i ~, ;: .. ~.,, l . ~,~ ;' fS- !' ~A i Y Hampshire Street ~- -. Foothill t3ouievarc[ i L~ w~63 "'i^i ~' 'n1 V EXISTING 4'-O" HIGH CHAIN LINK FC-NCC- 10 REMAIN EXISTING 4'-O" BASIN TO REMAIN ~j~OW 60 ~.ilc~rlAl.c d'_n" YIG.H I.NGIN I INK - / - _ -EXISTIN6 4'-O" HIGH CHAIN LINK FENCE '~!~"'~' TO REMAIN ~ / . ~ I ~~ ~ ~ ~~ ~ ' DRC2004-00376 a= - _ _ f ' E . ~~ - - ~ - - - , _ ~ , _ , _ W S 1 ~ . ~ ~' ~ ~~ ~~ ~ ~~ ~ ., r n r' - ~ s? ' . s/'xv4. ~ . , ~ ~ .. a ".7y.~--'- - ~ 4 A ~~y ~ - -, ~ ~~" ~ ~ ,- . ,S •~ .~ ° R`.. . fiHFy `4i e`~ y _ `~• } ^ uo^e-i, tYr { F -, ' l ' (y ~,~ AI's ~y ~w y - n I ~~ y~ •~, ~ ' ,- ,4 ~ k ~ n µ ~~ _ n~ jj ~Y X ~ ~ ~ a s _ ~..~ ir.., tp, i u. ~ st i ~~ pro ~. ,,?ate _ ,. _. ', , ~. ~~ ~i a 4' __~ << z p i~ .-~..~~ J :~u~ 1. ry ~ .. z+il4 - - '.,;,"wit=~si7;, 4 - "--= sa,F~ ~ ~~. .`~ .., . w T .. ~ ' . v yy ?r •. > ~. _ ~~ ^'~y~yi:~~n :u4 .. _ ~ ~~~ u v ~i ~i"J`~~yr ~" ,~•i~„~~f ' '~+'fi ~ ' S4g`~ ~a~a~..; ~ ih z ^ ~~~ DRC2004-00376 -L~ '`_" ;. P '~ 2 ~~Suy~~W ___ Y ~ DRC2004-00376 ,~ tili 1~ g DRC2004-00376 ,.~ Request for Variance CITY OF RANCHQ CUCAMQNGk APR 2 3 2004 RECENED -PLANNING A strict and literal interpretation and enforcement street setback requirements would result m practical difficulty for the following reasons Strict enforcement of the street setback requirements would result m the inability to construct any room addition of usable proportions With the required 37-foot setback, there ~s no room left to construct any addition east of the existing structure Presently the lot is bare dirt with scattered weeds m the summer and muddy and weed choked in the winter Due to the potential of water rationing m the future, landscaping the enfire area is not feasible because of the excessroe amount of water that would be needed for maintenance. The existing fence has been damaged over the years by trucks and cars traveling across the vacant dirt lot behind the house The rusting chain Imk Would be replaced after the new structure is completed. C~ 2. The exceptional circumstances that are applicable to the property m question that make it unique to similar properties in the same area are The property is of a unique shape due to the existence of curve m Hampshire Street m front of the house The alley behind the house was relocated closer to our fence resulting in property loss at the entrance to the alley. At the time of construcfion, the area east of the present house was considered too small for house building All other lots in the tract are a more rectangular shape. 3 Strict interpretation of the speafied regulation would deprave the applicant of privileges enjoyed by the owners of other properties m the same zone: Because of the unique shape of our lot, we are not able to utilize the area to the east of the existing structure for expansion Other neighbors m our area are able to add room additions, expanding into their front yards ap 4 The granting of the variance will not constitute a grant of speaal privilege inconsistent with the limitations on other properties Other property owners m the area are able to utilize the accumulated egwty in their homes to increase the value and attractiveness of the M properties We should be able to improve the property and not be `/~ penalized because of the unusual shape of our lot DRC2004-0037E n 5 The granting of the variance wdl not be detrimental to the public health, welfare, or in~unous to surrounding propertes The granting of this variance will increase the material value of properties in the surrounding community. With the installation of new plumbing, an attractroe addition, and a manageable, efficient yard surrounded by new fence, the finished project wdl add to the community The enclosed photograph is a typical view from our side lot This is another reason we need a more modern structure with better insulafion and soundproofing. ~~~ n U RESOLUTION NO 04-73 A RESOLUTION OF THE PLANNING COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF RANCHO CUCAMONGA, CALIFORNIA, APPROVING VARIANCE DRC2004-00376, A REQUEST FORA 5-FOOT REDUCTION FROM THE REQUIRED MINIMUM 32-FOOT FRONT YARD SETBACK (MEASURED FROM THE CURB), ALONG 9666 HAMPSHIRE STREET PROPERTY FRONTAGE, LOCATED IN THE LOW RESIDENTIAL (2-4 DWELLING UNITS PER ACRE) DISTRICT, AND MAKING FINDINGS IN SUPPORT THEREOF - APN 0208-372-01 A Recitals 1 Andresen Architecture filed an application requesting Variance DRC2004-00376, as described in the title of this Resolution Hereinafter in this Resolution, the subtect Varance request is referred to as "the application " 2 On the 9th day of June 2004, the Planning Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga conducted a duly noticed public hearing on the application and concluded said heanng on that date . 3 All legal prerequisites prior to the adoption of this Resolution have occurred B. Resolution. NOW, THEREFORE, it is hereby found, determined, and resolved by the Planning Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga as follows 1 The Planning Commission hereby specifically finds that all of the facts set forth in the Rentals, Part A, of this Resolution are true and correct 2 Based upon substantial evidence presented to the Planning Commission during the above-referenced public hearing on June 9, 2004, including wntten and oral staff reports, together with public testimony, the Planning Commission hereby specifically finds as follows• a The application applies to a 12,779 square foot property located in the Low Residential Distract at 9666 Hampshire Street The property is an irregular shaped lot with three sides and a street frontage of 168 52 feet; and b The property is presently improved with asingle-story, single-family residence constructed prior to the City's incorporation, and c The Variance request is to allow a 5-foot protection into a 32-foot regwred front setback area for construction of a dwelling expansion, per applicable City regulations, and . d The house fronts Hampshire Street, which curves to align with Hampshire Street east of Archibald Avenue The rear of the houses faces the northern property line, which abuts an alley serving the subdivision and commercial uses on the south side of Foothill Boulevard, immediately west of Archibald Avenue The property is visible from Archibald Avenue with an adtoining streeUalley and vacanUdirt land, and 1~ PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-73 DRC2004-00376 - ANDRESEN ARCHITECTURE June 9, 2004 Page 2 e The properties to the south, east, and west of the subfect site are zoned Low Residential and are improved with one-story, single-family residences The property to the north is zoned Specialty Commeraal District, Subarea 3, and is comprised of an array of commeraal uses and bwidings f The literal interpretation of the Development Code creates hardship for the site in question as the established criteria is conducive to conventional lot arrangements (i.e ,more rectangular shaped), non-triangularly shaped lots g The house and subdivision pre-date the City's incorporation The triangular shape of this lot creates a unique situation whereby the lot features a front yard measuring 168 25 feet wide, whereas, only 60 feet at front setback line is required within the same district h The strict interpretation of regulations would deprive the property owner from constructing a room addition that is common to the Low Residential Distract in terms of lot coverage, including regwred setback area. i. The expansion of a dwelling is consistent with limitations of the properties in . the same distract ~ The dwelling expansion will not negatively affect nearby properties or improvements nor will it negatively affect the public health, safety, or welfare 3 Based upon the substantial evidence presented to the Planning Commission during the above-referenced public hearing, and upon the specific findings of facts set forth in paragraphs 1 and 2 above, the Planning Commission hereby fords and concludes as follows: a That strict or literal interpretation and enforcement of the specified regulations would"would not result in practical difficulty or unnecessary physical hardship inconsistent with the obfectives of the Development Code b That there are not exceptional or extraordinary circumstances or conditions applicable to the property involved or to the intended use of the property that do not apply generally to other properties in the same distract c That strict or literal interpretation and enforcement of the specified regulation would would not deprive the applicant of privileges enfoyed by the owners of other properties in the same district d That the granting of the Variance will not constitute a grant of speaal privilege inconsistent with the limitations on other properties classified in the same district. e That the granting of the Variance will not be detrimental to the public health, safety, or welfare or materially infurious to properties or improvements in the vicinity 1.J (Z- PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-73 DRC2004-00376 - ANDRESEN ARCHITECTURE June 9, 2004 Page 3 4 Based upon the findings and conclusions set forth in paragraphs 1, 2, and 3 above, the Planning Commission hereby approves the application, subject to each and every condition set forth below. Planning Division 1) Variance approval is for the construction of a dwelling expansion encroaching 5 feet into the regwred mirnmum a 32-foot front setback area at 9666 Hampshire Street 2) Variance approval shall expire if building permits are not issued within 5 years of the date of approval 3) Approval of this request shall not waive compliance with any sections of the City's Development Code, State Fire Marshal's regulations, Uniform Bwlding Code, or any other City Ordinances. 4) The design of the proposed dwelling expansion including, but not limited to, roof slope, wall materials, colors, and finish shall match existing Engineering Division 1) No fenang within the public right-of-way 2) Maintain adequate line-of-sight distance per City standards for vehicles and pedestrian at the alley entrance and Hampshire Street 3) Budding permit for addition shall require development impact fees for drainage at $15,300 per net acre and beautification at $0 20 per square foot of new living space. 4) Dedicate corner property line radius per City Standard No. 100-B 5) Construct missing public improvements of sidewalk and access ramp 6) Have a Civil Engineer revise City Street Improvement Plans for the Improvement listed above Plan check fees apply for both the dedication and revision plan checks 5 The Secretary to this Commission shall certify to the adoption of this Resolution APPROVED AND ADOPTED THIS 9TH DAY OF JUNE 2004 PLANNING COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF RANCHO CUCAMONGA pl3 ~ y•i /Y PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-73 DRC2004-00376 - ANDRESEN ARCHITECTURE June 9, 2004 Page 4 BY Rich Macias, Chairman ATTEST Brad Buller, Secretary I, Brad Buller, Secretary of the Planning Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga, do hereby certify that the foregoing Resolution was duly and regularly introduced, passed, and adopted by the Planning Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga, at a regular meeting of the Planning Commission held on the 9th day of June 2004, by the following vote-to-wit• AYES' COMMISSIONERS: NOES' COMMISSIONERS ABSENT COMMISSIONERS • D I~ s~r~~r DATE June 9, 2004 TO' Chairman and Members of the Planning Commission FRONt Brad Buller, City Planner BY Doug Fenn, Associate Planner SUBJECT NON-CONSTRUCTION CONDITIONAL USE PERMIT DRC2004-00454 - LEW IS COMPANIES - A request to install an off-site temporary leasing office trailer for the Homecoming protect, located at the southwest corner of Church Street and Malaga Drive - APN 0227-151-49 ANALYSIS A Site and Surrounding Land Use The site is zoned Medium-High Residential (18-24 dwelling units per acre) of the Terra Vista Community Plan North of Church Street is Homecoming at Terra Vista (Tract 16157), a 677 unit apartment complex currently under construction East of Malaga Drive are single-family dwelling units built by KB Homes B Proposed Project The owner/developer is proposing to install an off-site temporary leasing office trailer for the Homecoming protect Leasing activities will be limited to showing floor plans and the site map inside the trailer No model units will be available for potential residents, therefore, they would not be going back and forth from the construction site to the leasing trailer The trailer will be removed and the leasing activities will be relocated to the main clubhouse when the Certificate of Occupancy is issued for the Homecoming leasing office Occupancy for the Homecoming leasing office is expected by September 1, 2004 C Parkin A total of 12 parking spaces will be provided with 1 handicap accessible parking space CORRESPONDENCE This item was advertised as a public hearing in the Inland Valley Daily Bulletin newspaper, the property was posted, and notices were mailed to all property owners within a 300-foot radius of the protect site ITEM "E" PLANNING COMMISSION STAFF REPORT DRC2004-00454 - LEWIS COMPANIES • June 9, 2004 Page 2 RECOMMENDATION Staff recommends approval of the Conditional Use Permit DRC2004-00454 through the adoption of the attached Resolution Respectfully submitted, Brad Buller City Planner BB DC/Is Attachments Exhibit "A" - Site Utilization Map Exhibit "B" - Site Plan Exhibit "C" - Trailer Specifications Draft Resolution of Approval for DRC2004-00454 r1 LJ • G i - ~-. ~ „x N `~ ~ n ` \ ~I =u ~ ~ `'3~b'7d b'S/2/t/7~ ". n\ ~_~ $r I '° x ~, ~~ r v ~~ ' y'=" ~~ z ~? ! U ~ `-~ ~~ ~ > >\~' ~~ ~~r ~ ~ ~ t J J t ~ i ~ '^> ~ t ~r ~ ~ f' ~ ~~''x tip- „ ~ 1 `~\~h V~~ ~ ~~ ~ ~ ~~ ~~ I ~ ~1 ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~'i t` ~ "' (~ \ ok k ~l vl v~' ~~ ~\ GK ~ ~~l ~ ~~~~ ~> > >, .~ e ry~ -_ ~ l ~ ~ n rte. Il ~ t~ ~ ~ ~ N \~~~~ f,> L,.--•~ ~ r ' ~ 1 ~ ~-~2. ~ -, r s, I 1 - ~ °" x a ,~- t q1 n ~% ~ ~ i 4 ,~ ~ # m.0. --~----„~~ _ - _ .---- _ ~f __ ~~ r ~ _ ----~ ; .~~ ~ < < r' P.t .` ~ ` ~. ~_ _w„ ~ _ ~ -, ~ ~~ i ~,. Yx x ~ ~_, 1 - r a ~. ~ *> ., ~" '~~d T ->= ,~ ~ obi ~ ~ ' ~ ~< '~ N4 ~ t t ~ t 1/I ~ ~ `~w,_ ~ .~.. gym. \~'~"4^^"'_°"~ '^^.-~Y-^'r -.. > ::~ ~_ y M~ ~x ~ .x / Fx ~ r ' t st ~~ r - t -- -x ,~ ~~~ _ ~ _~ ~ -=~ ~ t 7 ~ o h~ ,~ ~ ~, 1 ~~~~ . co ~. ~ ~ ~ x ~ ~ ~ !~` ~~\ ~ ~ 1~ ~V .. y p A ~l ~ ~ ~ ~~ i ~ l t j ~ p' ., >< ~ r,~ /~~ U,J tI ~ o + _„ ~~ ~\ ~ \ ~ ~ ~~ ~ _ g ,~ c~ i ~` a ~-X r ^ /rte ~~ ~~ s ~~ ~ oZ ~ ~ ~~ ,~ i~ ~~ / ~g": , s , ~~ ~ /O\ tia ~~ ~ ~0 / 0 ~~ ~~~ yo`'0 /~~, ~~ ~ I \ ~ \, ,~s, ,~ '~ Jd, . , ~- i i MOBILE & MODULAR ~ ~ ~ ~ ,,~ _ ~ ~ ~ i I` 4 I_ 32 ~ ~~~i, ~ ~_ ~ /^ 1 L .--- -~_ __ _._. r I~4 STANDARD FEATURES INCLUDE: • Pnvate offices • Display areas • French or storefront doors • Carpeted floors or high quality vmylfloonng • Recessed, diffused fluorescent hghung (~ IL'-._ ~~ 4 f ~4 . ~ • 7 • } a • C • u For more information v~srt our web site www. modspace. coin I lcc a ivgq 1-800523-7978 m me us ~ C 1-800-4513951 mcanada E~ i RESOLUTION NO 04-74 A RESOLUTION OF THE PLANNING COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF RANCHO CUCAMONGA, CALIFORNIA, APPROVING CONDITIONAL USE PERMIT NO DRC2004-00454, A REQUEST TO INSTALL AN OFF-SITE TEMPORARY LEASING OFFICE TRAILER FOR THE HOMECOMING PROJECT, LOCATED AT THE SOUTHWEST CORNER OF CHURCH STREET AND MALAGA DRIVE, AND MAKING FINDINGS IN SUPPORT THEREOF-APN 0227-151-49 A. Rentals 1 Lewis Companies filed an application for the issuance of Conditional Use Permit No DRC2004-00454, as described in the title of this Resolution Hereinafter in this Resolution, the subtect Conditional Use Permit request is referred to as "the application " 2 On the 9th day of June 2004, the Planning Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga conducted a duly noticed public heanng on the application and concluded said heanng on that date 3 All legal preregwsites pnor to the adoption of this Resolution have occurred B Resolution NOW, THEREFORE, it is hereby found, determined, and resolved by the Planning Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga as follows 1 This Commission hereby specifically finds that all of the facts set forth m the Rentals, Part A, of this Resolution are true and correct 2 Based upon the substantial evidence presented to this Commission dunng the above- referenced public heanng on June 9, 2004, including wntten and oral staff reports, together with public testimony, this Commission hereby spenfically finds as follows a The application applies to properly located at the southwest corner of Church Street and Malaga Drive and is presently undeveloped, and b The property to the north is the Homecoming apartment protect under construction, the propertyto the south is a developed commernal center, the property to the east contains single- family homes, and the property to the west is undeveloped, and The proposed leasing trader is compatible to the surrounding uses, and The site has suffinent access as Church Street is a spenal secondary street, and e The application proposes a temporary leasing trailer for the Homecoming apartment protect that is under construction The trailer will be removed upon completion of the leasing office in Phase I of the Homecoming protect PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-74 DRC2004-00454 - LEW IS COMPANIES June 9, 2004 Page 2 3 Based upon the substantial evidence presented to this Commission during the above- referenced public hearing and upon the specific findings of facts set forth in paragraphs 1 and 2 above, this Commission hereby finds and concludes as follows a. The proposed use is m accord with the General Pian, the obtectives of the Development Code, and the purposes of the district in which the site is located, and b The proposed use, together with the conditions applicable thereto, will not be detrimental to the public health, safety, or welfare or materially incurious to properties or improvements in the vianity, and c The proposed use complies with each of the applicable provisions of the Development Code 4 Said protect is considered to be Categorically Exempt per Section 15301 Class 1 of the Calrforma Environmental Quality Act 5 Based upon the findings and conclusions set forth in paragraphs 1, 2, 3, and 4 above, this Commission hereby approves the application subtect to each and every condition set forth below and in the Standard Conditions, attached hereto and incorporated herein by this reference. Plamm~o Division 1) The leasing office trailer is approved on a temporary basis only unttl completion of the permanent leasing office within the Homecoming protect (Tract 16157) The trailer shall be removed, and the site restored to its original condition, within 30 days after final occupancy release of the permanent leasing office within the Homecoming protect (Tract 16157) 2) No customers of this temporary leasing office shall be allowed to visit or otherwise go onto the Homecoming protect (Tract 16157) protect site at any time until after final occupancy release of the permanent leasing office Signs shall be conspicuously posted accordingly in minimum 1-inch high lettering. The applicant shall be responsible for enforcing this condition 3) Temporary landscaping shall be placed along the front of the trailer, including in front of the handicap accessible ramp 4) Flags, pennants, off-site advertising or additional on-site advertising shall conform to the Rancho Cucamonga Municipal Code, Chapter 14 04 Signs 5) All fences proposed in contunction with the sales trailer shall be located outside the public right-of-way 6) This leasing office shall not be moved to a new location, without prior City approval of a new Temporary Use Permit for Model Homes Sales Office, along with associated fees for such G t0 ' PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-74 DRC2004-00454 - LEW IS COMPANIES June 9, 2004 Page 3 7) Said temporary use is to only for transactions involving the sale, rent or lease of lots and/or structures within the Homecoming protect (Tract 16157) Building and Safety 1) The mobile structure must be state Certified American Disabilities Act (ADA) accessible with the adequate amount of ADA approved bathroom facilities 2) ADA accessibility from the regwred parking stalls to the mobile structure must be provided. Such as ramps, decks or repaving the parking lot. Engineering Diwsion 1) Existing improvements shall be protected in place. 2) If the temporary approach is to remain through the winter rains, applicant shall submit a drainage study discussing the impacts of the ramp and drain pipe in the existing gutter 3) Prior to any work being performed in the public right-of-way, fees shall be paid, a $10,000 restoration deposit shall be submitted and a construction permit shall be obtained from the City Engineer's Office in addition to any other permits regwred Fue Protection Distract 1) Submit plans to Building and Safety Department for plan check and building permit issuance 6 The Secretary to this Commission shall certify to the adoption of this Resolution APPROVED AND ADOPTED THIS 9TH DAY OF JUNE 2004 PLANNING COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF RANCHO CUCAMONGA BY Rich Macias, Chairman ATTEST Brad Buller, Secretary O / PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-74 DRC2004-00454 - LEW IS COMPANIES June 9, 2004 Page 4 I, Brad Buller, Secretary of the Planning Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga, do hereby certify that the foregoing Resolution was duly and regularly introduced, passed, and adopted bythe Planning Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga, at a regular meeting of the Planrnng Commission held on the 9th day of June 2004, by the following vote-to-wit AYES COMMISSIONERS NOES COMMISSIONERS ABSENT COMMISSIONERS ~ 1 I.J ~0 •~ COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT STANDARD CONDITIONS PROJECT #: DRC2004-00454 SUBJECT: Leasfng Trailer APPLICANT: Lewis Companies LOCATION: SWC of Church Street and Malaga Dnve _ ALL OF THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS APPLY TO YOUR PROJECT. APPLICANT SHALL CONTACTTHE PLANNING DIVISION, (909) 477-2750, FOR COMPLIANCE WITH THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS: • A. General Requirements 1 The applicant shall agree to defend at his sole expense any action brought against the City, its agents, officers, or employees, because of the issuance of such approval, or in the alternative, to relingwsh such approval The applicant shall reimburse the City, fts agents, officers, or employees, for any Court costs and attorney's fees which the City, its agents, officers, or employees maybe required by a court to pay as a result of such action The City may, at its sole discretion, participate at its own expense in the defense of any such action but such participation shall not relieve applicant of his obligations under this condition 2 Copies of the signed Planning Commission Resolution of Approval No 04-74, Standard Conditions, and all environmental mitigations shall be included on the plans (full size) The sheet(s) are for information only to all paRies involved in the construction/grading activities and are not requred to be wet sealed/stamped by a licensed Engineer/Architect B. Time Limits Conditional Use Permit, Variance, or DevelopmenUDesign Review approval shall expve if building permits are not issued or approved use has not commenced within 120 days from the date of approval No extensions are allowed C. Site Development 1 The site shall be developed and maintained in accordance with the approved plans which include site plans, architectural elevations, exterior materials and colors, landscaping, sign program, and grading on file in the Planning Division, the conditions contained herein and the Development . Code regulations SC-1-04 ~ Comoletion Date ~-/- -/~_ -l-/_ /-/- i \planning\final\pingcomm\dm2004-00454cond doc Prgect No DRC2004-00454 Completion Date 2 Prior to any use of the protect site or business activity being commenced thereon, all Conditions of Approval shall be completed to the satisfaction of the City Planner _/_/~ 3 Occupancy of the facilities shall not commence until such time as all Uniform Bwlding Code and _/_/_ State Fire Marshal regulations have been complied with Prior to occupancy, plans shall be submitted to the Rancho Cucamonga Fire Protection District and the Bwlding and Safety Division to show compliance The buildings shall be inspected for compliance prior to occupancy 4 Approval of this request shall not waive compliance with all sections of the Development Code, all _/_/_ other applicable City Ordinances, and applicable Community or Specific Plans to effect at the time of bulding permit issuance 5 All building numbers and indroidual units shall be identified in a clear and concise manner, _/_/_ including proper illumination D. Parking and Vehicular Access (indicate details on building plans) 1 All parking spaces shall be 9 feet wide by 18 feet long W hen a side of any parking space abuts _/_/_ a bulding, wall, support column, or other obstruction, the space shall be a minimum of 11 feet wide E. Signs 1 The signs indicated on the submitted plans are conceptual only and not a part of this approval ~___/_ Any signs proposed for this development shall comply with the Stgn Ordinance and shall require separate application and approval by the Planning Division prior to installation of any signs APPLICANT SHALL CONTACT THE BUILDING AND SAFETY DIVISION, (909) 477-2710, FOR . COMPLIANCE WITH THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS• NOTE ANY REVISIONS MAY VOID THESE REQUIREMENTS AND NECESSITATE ADDITIONAL REVIEW(S) F. General Requirements 1 Submit five complete sets of plans including the fallowing ___/_/_ a Site/Plot Plan, b Anchoring Plan, c Floor Plan, d Ceiling and Roof Framing Plan, e Electrical Plans (2 sets, detached) including the size of the main switch, number and size of service entrance conductors, f Sewer Plans, underground diagrams, water and waste diagram, sewer or septic system location, fixture units, gas piping, and heating and air conditioning, and g Planning Division Protect Number (i e , DRC2004-00454) clearly identified on the outside of all plans 2 Submit two sets of structural calculations, for anchoring of the mobile structure _/_/_ Architect's/Engineer's stamp and "wet" signature are required prior to plan check submittal SC-1-04 2 i \planning\finaftpingcomm\dre2004-00454cond doc /,/D Protect No DRC2004-00454 3 Contractors must show proof of State and City licenses and Workers' Compensation coverage to • the City pnor to permit issuance 4 Separate permits are required for fencing, decks, ramps and/or walls 5 Business shall not open for operation prior to posting the Certificate of Occupancy issued by the Building and Safety Division G. Site Development 1 Plans shall be submitted for plan check and approved prior to construction All plans shall be marked with the prolect file number (i e , DRC2004-00454) The applicant shall comply with the latest adopted California Codes, and all other applicable codes, ordinances, and regulations in effect at the time of permit application Contact the Building and Safety Division for availability of the Code Adoption Ordinance and applicable handouts 2 Pnor to issuance of building permits for a new commercial or industrial development prolect or major addition, the applicant shall pay development fees at the established rate Such fees may include but are not limited to City Beautification Fee, Park Fee, Drainage Fee, Transportation Development Fee, Permit and Plan Check Fees, Construction and Demolition Diversion Program deposit and fees and School Fees Applicant shall provide a copy of the school fees receipt to the Building and Safety Division prior to permits issuance 3 Street addresses shall be provided by the Building and Safety Official prior to issuance of bwlding permits 4 Construction activity shall not occur between the hours of 8 00 p m and 6 30 a m Monday through Saturday, with no construction on Sunday or holidays • APPLICANT SHALL CONTACT THE POLICE DEPARTMENT, (909) 477-2800, FOR COMPLIANCE WITH THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS: H. Alarm Systems Install a burglar alarm system and a panic alarm if needed Instructing management and employees on the operation of the alarm system will reduce the amount of false alarms and m turn save dollars and lives APPLICANT SHALL CONTACTTHE FIRE SAFETY DIVISION, FIRE PROTECTION PLANNING SERVICES AT, (909) 477-2770, FOR COMPLIANCE WITH THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS: SEE ATTACHED SC-1-04 Completion Date -~-~- -~-~- / / -l-/- ~~- / / / / -/~ i \planning\final\pingcomm\dre2004-00454cond doc ~ / / Staff Report DATE June 9, 2004 TO Chairman and Members of the Planning Commission FROM Brad Buller, City Planner BY Larry Henderson, AICP, Principal Planner SUBJECT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT AND ANNEXATION DRC2003-01051 -TRAIGH PACIFIC - A proposed Annexation of approximately 240 acres of land into the City of Rancho Cucamonga, located within the Etiwanda North Speafic Plan north of the lower SCE corridor between Etiwanda Avenue and East Avenue -APN 0225-083-05, 06, 07, 10, 21 thru 26, and 0225-084-02 and 03 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT AND GENERAL PLAN AMENDMENT • DRC2003-00410 - TRAIGH PACIFIC - A proposed General Plan Amendment of approximately 168 77 acres of land from Very Low Residential (1-2 dwelling units per acre), to Low Residential (2-4 dwelling units per acre) and Conservation, for land located north of the SCE corridor between Etiwanda Avenue and East Avenue -APN. 0225-083- 05, 06, 07, 10, 22, 23, 25, and 26 and 0225-084-02. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT AND ETIWANDA NORTH SPECIFIC PLAN AMENDMENT DRC2003-00409 -TRAIGH PACIFIC - A proposed Etiwanda North Specific Plan Amendment of approximately 168 77 acres of land from Very Low Residential (1-2 dwelling units per acre), to Low Residential (2-4 dwelling units per acre) and Flood Control/Resource Conservation, and master-planned circulation modifications to the north, for land located north of the SCE corridor between Etiwanda Avenue and East Avenue - APN 0225-083-05, 06, 07, 10, 22, 23, 25, and 26 and 0225-084-02 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT AND TENTATIVE TRACT MAP SUBTT14749 - TRAIGH PACIFIC - A proposed subdivision of 168 77 acres into 269 residential lots and a remainder parcel in the Low (L) Residential District (2-4 dwelling units per acre) and Flood Control (FC) within the Etiwanda North Specific Plan, located north of the SCE Corridor between Etiwanda Avenue and East Avenue -APN 0225-083-05, 06, 07, 10, 22, 23, 25, and 26, and 0225-084-02 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT AND DEVELOPMENT AGREEMENT DRC2003-00411 -TRAIGH PACIFIC - A proposed Development Agreement to address speafic conditions of development and annexation for 168 77 acres of land within the Etiwanda North Specific Plan, located north of the SCE corridor between Etiwanda Avenue . and East Avenue -APN 0225-083-05, 06, 07, 10, 22, 23, 25, and 26 and 0225-084-02 ITEMS "F" - "J" PLANNING COMMISSION STAFF REPORT DRC2003-01051, DRC2003-00410, DRC2003-00409, SUBTT14749, DRC2003-00411 . June 9, 2004 Page 2 PROJECT AND SITE DESCRIPTION A Project Density The density will be approximately 2 5 dwelling units per acre based on 269 units on 107 3 acres proposed for housing, drainage, and open space B Surrounding Land Use and Zoning - (Etiwanda North Specific Plan unless othervvise noted) Protect Site -Very Low Residential (1-2 dwelling urnts per acre) -The protect site is currently vacant North - Flood Control/Utility Corridor and Hillside Residential District -Overhead power transmission Imes and assoaated easements belonging to Southern Califorrna Edison (SCE) and Los Angeles Department of Water and Power (LADWP), and vacant land are located north of the site North of the easements are a few scattered single-family residences near the foothills of the San Gabriel Mountains South - Flood Control/Utility Corridor, Conservation, and Very Low Residential (1-2 dwelling units per acre) - A SCE power Ime corridor is located south of the site, and land southeast of the site includes Etiwanda Creek Flood Control basins and conservation area, is presently vacant, and is primarily within San Bernardino County Flood Control Distract (SBCFCD) and SCE easements or ownership West - Low Residential (2-4 dwelling urnts per acre) -The area immediately west of the site is • vacant and is the site of the previously approved Rancho Etiwanda Estates East - Conservation and Very Low Residential (1-2 dwelling units per acre) -The land area east of the site is currently vacant and is the proposed site of Tentative Tract Map 16324 - Henderson Creek C General Plan Designations Protect Site -Very Low Residential (.1-2 dwelling units per acre) North - Flood Control/Utility Corridor and Hillside Residential South - Utility Corridor East - Conservation and Very Low Residential (1-2 dwelling units per acre) West - Low Density Residential (2-4 dwelling units per acre) D Site Characteristics The proposed Tentative Tract Map is located within the Etiwanda North Specific Plan within the City's Sphere of Influence and occupies 168 77 acres of which 107 28 net acres will be developed with single-family residential (99 26), park area (3 1 acres), equestrian park (2 7 acres), equestrian trail (0 44 acres), and drainage channel (1 77 acres) The development would have a gross density of 1 59 dwelling units per acre, and a net density of 2 5 dwelling units per acre The remaining 61 49 acres will continue to be used for flood control purposes The proposed annexation action encompasses a total of 240 acres and includes the development site plus adfacent parcels owned by Southern California Edison and San Bernardino County Flood Control District The protect site is currently vacant and, until recently, supported relatively undisturbed native vegetation In October of 2003, the Grand Pnx fire burned the entire protect site Native vegetation could eventually regenerate on this site if left undeveloped Several easements occur on-site, including two planned roadway right-of-ways and two public utility easements The protect property line extends to the centerline of the two planned roadways in the protect vicinity including 1) Etiwanda Avenue, which runs along the western property boundary, and 2) • F-1 z PLANNING COMMISSION STAFF REPORT DRC2003-01051, DRC2003-00410, DRC2003-00409, SUBTT14749, DRC2003-00411 . June 9, 2004 Page 3 ~_ East Avenue, which runs along the eastern property boundary Two SCE public utility easements occur adtacent to the northern and southern boundaries of the site Both easements are over 300 feet wide ANALYSIS A General Plan and Etiwanda North Specific Plan Amendments The General Plan and Etiwanda North Specific Plan (ENSP) Amendments are necessary to bring the protect in to technical compliance with the proposed net density of 2 5 dwelling units per acre (1 59 dwelling units per acre gross density). It should be noted that the protect site is designated three dwelling units per acre under the County's General Plan and zoning and, therefore, would have resulted in greater density and number of dwelling units than currently proposed Also, the current density and lot sizes are consistent with the previously approved annexation and tract map for the Rancho Etiwanda Estates protect immediately west of the subtect site The planned amendments result in acreage changes as follows EXISTING GENERAL PROPOSED GENERAL EXISTING ENSP PROPOSED ENSP PLAN PLAN Very Low (118 Acres) Low (102 81 Acres) Very Low (118 Acres) Low (102 81 Acres) Conservation (2 85 Acres) Conservation (18 04 Acres) FC (25 64 Acres) RC (77 17 Acres) The proposed amendments accomplish the goals of the tract development while reflecting the intent of the San Bernardino County Flood Control District (SBCFCD) to create conservation areas relative to Etiwanda Creek The circulation amendment portion of this Protect is the elimination of the upper Loop Collector Street consistent with the previously approved Rancho Etiwanda Estates protect to the west This street is no longer needed for the following reasons This development and Rancho Etiwanda Estates are gated communities with private streets and independent circulation The establishment of the Etiwanda North Preserve and other conservation areas to the north has reduced the need to accommodate additional traffic arculation from the north The circulation amendment will reduce public maintenance costs and reduce impacts to the nearby conservation areas B Tentative Tract Map The protect will provide a maximum of 269 single-family residences with a minimum lot size of 8,400 square feet and an average lot size of 11,600 square feet Development is planned to occur in five phases and would span over athree-year period A breakdown of proposed land uses is provided in Table 1 Existing roadways in the immediate protect vianity include Etiwanda Avenue, Wilson Avenue, and East Avenue The extension of Etiwanda Avenue north to the protect boundary along with the construction of Lower Crest Road will provide primary access The construction of East Avenue north to Lower Crest Road will provide additional access The Lower Crest Collector, which will be F'J 3 PLANNING COMMISSION STAFF REPORT DRC2003-01051, DRC2003-00410, DRC2003-00409, SUBTT14749, DRC2003-00411 June 9, 2004 Page 4 located above the southern SCE utility power line corridor, will be the primary east to west thoroughfare outside the gated portion of the protect The timing and alignment of this street extension is being coordinated with the Rancho Etiwanda Estates protect (located immediately west of the protect site) The residential portion of the protect will be gated, with the main gate located along Lower Crest Road A secondary gate will be located at the intersection of Lower Crest Road and East Avenue A third exit-only gate will be located at the terminus of the extension of Etiwanda Avenue north of Lower Crest The interior roadway system will consist of private streets and will be privately maintained by a Homeowners Assoaation, while the City will maintain the other road segments Channels will be provided and designed to accommodate off-site flows from the area tributary from future channel extension This will occur along the north side of this protect and the Rancho Etiwanda Estates protect Drainage from the north will be intercepted and discharged into East Etiwanda Creek A Fuel Modification Plan has also been prepared to assist in developing site-specific precautions for fire protection The purpose of the Fuel Modification Plan is to provide a wddland fire hazard assessment, along-term perimeter vegetative fuel modification and maintenance plan, and a long- term "firewise landscaping" and fuel modification plan for the landscaped area immediately surrounding all structures C Design Review Committee The Design Review Committee (Fletcher, McPhail, Fong) reviewed the • protect on September 2, 2003. Staff explained the unique conceptual use and design of the Open Space parcels The applicant provided conceptual designs based on criteria that had been provided by staff during earlier meetings Staff indicated that the Conceptual Landscape Plan was designed in accordance with the Etiwanda North Specific Plan Guidelines pertaining to the "Lower Crest Collector," neighborhood entry monument, and the palette of street trees and slope planting materials. The Committee recommended approval of the protect with no additional modifications D Park and Recreation Commission• The Park and Recreation Commission reviewed the Park Site Concept Plans assoaated with the protect on November 20, 2003. Staff indicated that the proposed development included the creation of open space and recreational use on two parcels of land One parcel, located on the southeast corner of the site on East Avenue, is being considered for an indoor Equestrian Center The other parcel, located on the southwest corner of the site on Etiwanda Avenue, is being explored by staff as a tradhead and information kiosk site for the North Etiwanda Preserve The Commission discussed several issues including adequacy of parking being provided at the proposed equestrian center, trails within the proposed development, whether the development is part of the equestrian overlay area, whether the two parcels are adtacent to public streets, how the equestrian center correlates with the General Plan Master Plan; the possibility of SCE using their easements, concern that motorists might be unaware of horse riders, and concern with the City's ability to maintain the equestrian facility It was indicated to the Commission that parking spaces would be designed to accommodate trucks with horse traders, no trails were planned within the development, the protect site was zoned within an equestrian overlay area with a $1,000 per dwelling mitigation fee being proposed as provided for under the Etiwanda North Specific Plan (See attached Exhibit "D" pages II- 24 through II-26 of the ENSP for reference). The Commission indicated that the protect was approved in concept following the addressing of two issues 1) Land Use, and 2) preparation of an operational model for the Center ~' J PLANNING COMMISSION STAFF REPORT DRC2003-01051, DRC2003-00410, DRC2003-00409, SUBTT14749, DRC2003-00411 June 9, 2004 Page 5 E Development Agreement The Development Agreement has been prepared in order to address protect-specific improvements, fees, and other development standards and expectations for the benefit of the property owner and the City The Development Agreement allows the applicant to identify all improvements and fees that will be required by the City upon annexation The Development Agreement has been reviewed by the City Attorney as to form and content The basic points of the Development Agreement are summarized below 1 Term of the Agreement 10 years 2 A Homeowner's Association must be formed to assume responsibility and maintenance of the gates, common area streets, drainage facilities interim detention basins, utility easements, streetlights, sidewalks, landscaping (including the north side of "Lower Crest Collector") and walls throughout the protect. 3 The property owner shall design and construct improvements to the City Commurnty Trail network along the Etiwanda Creek levee, and parallel to the northerly extension of Etiwanda Avenue along the west protect boundary, in accordance with City Standard Drawing No 1004. 4 The straight sections on interior streets (Street W) may be greater than 800 feet because the protect is a private gated community, thereby limiting traffic impacts from any other development through the protect 5 All interior streets that have driveway access to single-family residential lots may be designed with a 50-foot right-of-way utilizing a rolled curb, all other streets within the tract shall have a 60-foot right-of-way with a City standard 6-inch curb face 6 The property owner shall 1) improve Etiwanda Avenue as a Secondary Arterial, from the north boundary of Tract 16072 to "Lower Crest Collector," 2) construct East Avenue Collector Street improvements from the north boundary of Tract 16072 to "Lower Crest Collector," and 3) construct Lower Crest Collector Street improvements along the entire length of the protect site These improvements shall be completed prior to the first release of occupancy, or to the satisfaction of the City Engineer 7 Fees The property owner shall pay a sum totaling $269,000 00 (based upon $1,000 00 per unit) for equestrian mitigation purposes, The Property Owner shall pay a sum totaling $1,775,400 00 ($6,600 00 per unit) for park purposes, and In exchange for construction of landscaping improvements along the south side of "Lower Crest Collector," the property owner is not regwred to pay City Beautification Fee of $0 20 per square foot for residential construction 8 The protect shall be designed in accordance with the Low Residential District of the Etiwanda North Specific Plan F-15 PLANNING COMMISSION STAFF REPORT DRC2003-01051, DRC2003-00410, DRC2003-00409, SUBTT14749, DRC2003-00411 June 9, 2004 Page 6 9 Open Space Transfer Plan The Open Space Transfer Plan establishes a regwrement that the property owner transfer a minimum of 164 acres of land to the County of San Bernardino Speaal Districts OS-1 or other suitable non-profit agency as determined by the City Planner, for permanent open space and habitat preservation, along with funding (in an amount to be determined by the receiving agency), to provide for long-term maintenance of said land This shall be accomplished prior to recording of the Final Tract Map 10 The Development Agreement establishes timeframes for completion of key infrastructure and community amenities, including the following a) All perimeter landscaping, including the Upper Etiwanda Neighborhood Monumentation, fencing, signage, and landscaping shall be completed prior to release of occupancy of the 100th dwelling, and b) All Master Plan storm dram improvements shall be completed prior to the release of occupancy for the first dwelling in the protect F Annexation The proposed annexation would include the 268.77-acre protect site and adtacent parcels owned by SBCFCD for a total of 240 acres, located north of the SCE corridor between Etiwanda Avenue and East Avenue City staff wdl forward the annexation application and all assocated documentation to the Local Agency Formation Commission following City Council certification of the Environmental Impact Report (EIR) and approval of the protect. G Environmental Impact Report An Environmental Impact Report (EIR) was prepared to address all ~~ actions that are anticipated for the review and approval of the protect, including the actions by the Planning Commission and City Counal and the Local Agency Formation Commission as well as actions that may be regwred by SBCFCD, the Federal Emergency Management Agency, Army Corp of Engineers, Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB), and California Department of Fish and Game, as applicable. Based on the findings and conclusions of the Initial Study that was prepared for the protect, the following potentially significant environmental impacts were analyzed within the EIR: Land Use and Planning, Population and Housing, Earth Resources, Water Resources, Transportation and Circulation, Air Quality, Biological Resources, Energy and Mineral Resources, Hazards, Noise, Public Services, Utilities, Aesthetics, Cultural Resources, Agricultural Resources, and Recreation A summary of all of the protect-related impacts and the recommended mitigation measures are provided in Table ES-1 of the EIR The EIR concluded that upon implementation of protect design features and all recommended mitigation measures, short-term and long-term impacts to air quality would remain significant Additionally, direct impacts to Biological Resources related to loss of sage scrub habitat dominated by white sage, and impacts to Aesthetics related to transforming the existing natural terrain into a developed planned community and associated light and glare The Protect will also contribute incrementally to cumulatively considerable impacts related to land use, flood control, water quality from urban runoff, loss of alluvial fan sage scrub, hazardous material dumping, congestion of evacuation routes, overcrowded schools, inadequate utilities, and loss of wews Based on these findings, the City is required to adopt a Statement of Overriding Considerations in accordance with California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) Section 21081 The statement is attached to the Resolution of Approval F~J PLANNING COMMISSION STAFF REPORT DRC2003-01051, DRC2003-00410, DRC2003-00409, SUBTT14749, DRC2003-00411 June 9, 2004 Page 7 CORRESPONDENCE This item was advertised as a public hearing in the Inland Vallev Daily Bulletin newspaper, the property was posted, and notices were mailed to all property owners within a 300-foot radws of the protect site, and notices were sent to all individuals and organizations that have commented on the EIR during the public comment period In addition, all individuals that provided comments during the comment penod have received copies of the "Response to Comments" at least ten days pnor to this hearng, as required by CEQA RECOMMENDATION Staff recommends that the Planning Commission take the following actions in the order presented A Certify the EIR for the purposes of tentative tract map approval and recommend that the City Council certify the Final EIR for all other applications, and B Adopt the Resolution recommending the City Council initiate proceedings for Annexation DRC2003-01051, and C Recommend that the City Counal approve the General Plan Amendment, and D Recommend that the City Council approve Etiwanda North Specific Plan Amendment, and E Approve Tentative Tract Map SUBTT14749, and F Recommend that the City Council enter into Development Agreement DRC2003-00411 associated with the proposed profeci Respectfully submitted, Brad City Planner BB LH/ma Attachments Exhibit "A" - Location Map Exhibit "B" - Site Plan Exhibit "C" - Final Environmental Impact Report (under separate cover) Exhibit "D" - Etiwanda North Speafic Plan Pages II-24 thru II-26 Draft Resolution Recommending Certification of the Final EIR for Tentative Tract Map SUBTT14749 Draft Resolution to Irntiate Proceedings For Annexation DRC2003-01051 Draft Resolution Recommending Approval of General Plan Amendment DRC2003-00410 Draft Resolution Recommending Approval of Etiwanda North Specific Plan Amendment DRC2003-00409 Draft Resolution of Approval for Tentative Tract Map SUBTT14749 Draft Resolution Recommending Approval of Development Agreement DRC2003-00411 F-7 ~ ANNEXATION DRC2OO3-01051 ~~ 7 t, ~, - - -- :~_ ~__ -_ -;-- ~_ ~,~- -,-~ - ---i ~ ~ _. ®TRAIGH/PACIFIC ANNEXATION i;~ HENDERSON CREEK ANNEXATION 0 RICHLAND PINEHURST ANNEXATION ~~~1~ ETIWANDA CREEK ANNEXATION CITY BOUNDARY XHIBIT A P E SITE LOCATION MA F-~~' • .~ l ,~ .I . i `:~ ° ly s 3 E s :'° ` -tr , s - e ~ of 1 3 ~ .i i- tt rte r ~ t `e _~ : tt E:~ s: e ~ S~ iiiie ~ I ~ ~F! ={` ou r i~~F '- ~ Es ieisi E!~ $EI ~ si ii6+{{ li.s EE Iltll a 1 5 tt ~d~ Jr ~ •~ P 5 V d: O~ %`. 1 xB ~B a ~ ~, ~J ~ ~Et ~~~ ~- ~ ~ ~ rs a. ` s ~ i 1 Ee °~~ :i E! EE Ei E E ~ 0 a~+• ~.9 e." w . ~i i ,! { '~E~ F ~. to ~ 1 dir! i ~ ~ {{Fi i v~ W : ~~ o ~~ =z~~ E ~ ~ ~ U~ua ~ ~ ~ 1 z ~ ,!; ~lE3 { ~ i .~ ~Esiy {Etl~1,IIi L° s1 1 E 'ate ~~~ ~ g~~El !~y~y i N r ~ _t ~ ~~ '~~I~~ ~41~! . ~ e ' ~ ~ ,. I ~ l ,. ll~ll E~ e 6 o e r a t~ ~~ !!I E . y ~1. i ~ gs ,.,.-.. ®., , F-~g e, E je l i t \ l e e a t t s Lbn' e t e E 1 I 1 s r • s a e t s t e f a~ r i 1 • rt .. .. <; °. ~~ ~~ y (~! L !t1111l~6 'ul L }77 ) ) -•~~~~IR° ~ J J LL F+.I L~ ~~ E~ ~~ x DC Gzl EXHIBIT "C" PROVIDED UNDER SEPARATE COVER ~ F-1 io 7.0 OPEN SPACE AND TRAILS CONCEPT One of the primary goals in developing the Etiwanda North Specific Plan is the establishment of a comprehensive open space system (see Exhibit 10). The unique characteristics of the natural environment, including the narrow canyons and rocky peaks of the San Gabriel mountains, as well as the diverse biological and wildlife habitats found in the bog and the Etiwanda and San Sevaine Wash areas, are included in the Etiwanda North planning effort to ensure that these features become an integral part of the community. This can be accomplished by defining appropriate uses for the various open space elements and providing visual and/or physical access to them from other portions of the development. Complete connection of the open space system, along with the provision of substantially more open space than is typical, is possible in Etiwanda North because of the unusually large amounts of acreage controlled by public and quasi-public agencies, pursuant to negotiation of joint-use agreements. In addition, open space to the north, west, and east is protected by existing National Forest and potential part and conservation lands. The open space areas provide an abundant resource for and wildlife e recreation i , v community design, active and pass of habitat conservation. These natural areas, plus areas landscaping and trail development as part of street rights-of- way, provide the major elements of the open space network. ace network provides opportunities for pedestrian, en s p The op equestrian, and bicycle transportation links throughout the Etiwanda North community. The open space plan components are described as developed parkland, natural or undeveloped open space, enhanced open space and trails. 7,1 DEVELOPED PARKLAND Parks are a high community priority in the City of Rancho Cucamonga. A hierarchy of parks is included in the Etiwanda North Specific Plan. Park designations, as shown on the Land Use Plan, Exhibit 17, and the Open Space and Trails Plan, Exhibit 10, are not site-specific, and are shown to indicate the general location of parks within a neighborhood area. Improved park sites will be required as a condition of development. Park development shall be to the specifications of the City of Rancho Cucamonga Community Services and . Community Development Department. II-24 7.1.1 Regional Park . The purpose of the regional park is to provide unique recreational opportunities for the west Valley area of San Bernardino County. An opportunity exists to establish a regional park in conjunction with the 200-acre wildlife habitat preservation and mitigation area within the Day Creek Spreading Grounds. Historically, a regional park has been identified in the vicinity of the Day Creek Spreading Grounds as Chaffey Regional Park. The primary purpose of Chaffey Regional Park within the Plan area will be passive recreation compatible with the habitat preservation requirement for the area. Trails are a compatible use and shall be permitted. Active recreation is not permitted within a mitigation area. However, an area adjoining the habitat mitigation area could be established for compatible, but more intensive uses, including picnic facilities, day-use playing fields, equestrian trailer-in facilities, restrooms, and parking. Development of a County Regional Park would require County sponsorship. 7.1.2 Equestrian Center An opportunity for a minimum 25-acre equestrian center exists adjoining the Day Creek neighborhood on 55 acres of Southern California Edison surplus land. The site has excellent access to the community and regional trail system planned within the utility corridors. The same utility corridors also provide a boundary for the site on the north and south. Day Creek Boulevard provides the western boundary and Cucamonga County Water District's Royer-Nesbitt Water Treatment Plant provides a buffer to the east of the site. -~J II-25 F-S 12 The provision of a community equestrian center is in addition to the park requirements. The purpose of the equestrian center is to provide boarding facilities in-lieu of equestrian-size lots in order to be consistent with the policies and objectives of the Equestrian Overlay District of the General Plan. Since the equestrian center is mitigation in-lieu of equestrian lots within the Specific Plan, no park credit shall be awarded for the center. An equestrian center shall include but not be limited to the following: • a minimum 25-acre site • boarding and day use facilities • a buffer between equestrian use and residential development • a buffer between equestrian use and other active sport uses . access to community and regional trail facilities. Contribution toward the acquisition and development of the equestrian center shall be a condition of development for all tracts which have a minimum lot size of less than 20,000 square feet which are within the General Plan Equestrian Overlay District. Maintenance shall be supported by use fees. It is expected that the facility will be operated through a lease arrangement. Acquisition and development of the equestrian center shall be consistent with the Etiwanda North Specific Plan Infrastructure Phasing Plan (Appendix D). 7.1.3 Neighborhood Parks The neighborhood park needs for the Specific Plan area are discussed in Section 9.9. However, potential • neighborhood park facilities are II-26 F-~ -3 described in this section as they relate to the Open Space Plan. A minimum of five neighborhood parks shall be provided within the Etiwanda North Specific Plan area. The purpose of a neighborhood park is to provide "walk to" recreation facilities serving a one- mile radius and shall be centrally located within each neighborhood. At least one neighbc located in each of North neighborhoods. City's General Plan parks shall equal 5 population: ~rhood park shall be the five Etiwanda Consistent with the goal, neighborhood acres per thousand Day Creek - minimum five acre unencumbered site, it acres total required. Upper Etiwanda - minimum five acre unencumbered site, 20 acres total required. The Oaks - minimum 9.4 acre knoll • site. Etiwanda Highlands - minimum five acre unencumbered site, 15 acres total required. Chaffey - minimum 10 acre unencumbered site (includes 5 acres for the Caryn Planned Community park development). Where feasible, a neighborhood park shall be located adjacent to a school site and joint use facilities shall be encouraged. However, each facility shall be of adequate size to be a stand-alone facility. Neighborhood trails and paseos shall be located within adjoining developments to provide internal access to the park sites and Community trails. Also, internal paseos shall be encouraged to provide open space that is accessible to the • public. ZI-27 F-s ~`~ RESOLUTION NO 04-75 A RESOLUTION OF THE PLANNING COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF RANCHO CUCAMONGA, CALIFORNIA, CERTIFYING THE FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT PREPARED FOR TRACY RESIDENTIAL PROJECT, ADOPTING A MITIGATION MONITORING PROGRAM, ADOPTING A STATEMENT OF OVERRIDING CONSIDERATIONS, AND MAKING FINDINGS IN SUPPORT THEREOF , AS TO TENTATIVE TRACT MAP SUBTT14749, A RESIDENTIAL SUBDIVISION OF 168 77 ACRES INTO 269 LOTS FOR SINGLE-FAMILY DEVELOPMENT, LOCATED NORTH OF THE SCE BETW EEN ETIWANDA AVENUE AND EAST AVENUE ,AND RECOMMENDING THAT THE CITY COUNCIL CERTIFY THE FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT, ADOPT THE MITIGATION MONITORING PROGRAM, ADOPT A STATEMENT OF OVERRIDING CONSIDERATIONS, AND MAKE FINDINGS IN SUPPORT THEREOF FOR THE PROPOSED ANNEXATION, GENERAL PLAN AMENDMENT, ETIWANDA NORTH SPECIFIC PLAN AMENDMENT AND DEVELOPMENT AGREEMENT RELATED THERETO-APN 0225-083-05, 06, 07, 10, 22, 23, 25, AND 26, AND 0225-084-02 A Recitals 1 Traigh Pacific filed an application for the approval of Tentative Tract Map • SUBTT14749, as described in the title of this Resolution Hereinafter in this Resolution, the subject Tentative Tract Map request is referred to as "the application " 2 Traigh Pacific also filed applications for Annexation DRC2003-01051, General Plan Amendment DRC2003-00410, Etiwanda North Specific Plan Amendment DRC2003-00409, and Development Agreement DRC2003-00411, which are related to Tentative Tract Map SUBTT14749 Collectively, these applications are referred to as the "Project " 3 The Planning Commission is the final decision maker on Tentative Map SUBTT13749, subject to appeal to the City Council, whereas the Planning Commission's role as to the remaining applications is advisory to the City Council, which must make the final deasion on those applications 4 The City analyzed the Project's potential impacts on the environment in accordance with the California Environmental Quality Act ("CEQA") (Cal Pub Res Code § 21000 et seq) and the State CEQA Guidelines (the "Gwdelmes") (14 Cal Code Regs § 15000 et seq) promulgated with respect thereto 5 The City prepared an Initial Environmental Study (the "Initial Study") for the Project pursuant to Section 15063 of the Gwdelmes 6 The Initial Study concluded that there was evidence that the Project might have a significant environmental impact on several speafically identified resources, including air quality and biological resources . 7 Based upon the information contained in the Initial Study, the City ordered the preparation of an environmental impact report (the "EIR") for the Project in accordance with the provisions of Gwdelmes Sections 15064 and 15081 The City prepared and issued a Notice of Preparation of the EIR on August 11, 2003 F-~ ~s PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-75 CERTIFY EIR, ADOPT MITIGATION MONITORING PROGRAM, • ADOPT STATEMENT OF OVERRIDING CONSIDERATIONS -TRAIGH PACIFIC June 9, 2004 Page 2 g The City sent the Notice of Preparation to the State Clearinghouse in the Office of Planning and Research for the State of California (the "State Clearnghouse") and to other interested agencies and groups in accordance with Guidelines Section 15082(a) 9 In accordance with Guidelines Section 15083, the Planning Commission conducted a duly noticed public scoping session concerning the EIR on October 22, 2003, to provide an introduction to the Protect and CEQA process and to afford an opportunity for the public and interested agencies to comment on the issues to be analyzed in the EIR 10 The Draft Environmental Impact Report (the "DEIR"), together with those certain technical appendices (the "Appendices") was completed on December 4, 2003 (State Clearinghouse No 2003081085) 11 The City arculated the DEIR and the Appendices to the public, the State Clearinghouse, and other interested persons fora 45-day public review and comment period from December 5, 2003, through January 28, 2004 12 The City received seven written comments in response to the DEIR . 13 The City prepared wntten responses to all comments and made revisions and additions to the DEIR in response to the comments 14 The City completed the responses to comments on the DEIR and preliminary revisions to the DEIR in April 2004, and distributed those responses to commenting agencies and to the public Those comments and the responses thereto have been included in the Final Environmental Impact Report ("FEIR"), as have the appendices to the Draft EIR Those documents together comprise the Final EIR The Final EIR was distributed in accordance with the provisions of Public Resources Code section 21092 5, and at least ten (10) days prior to any Planning Commission consideration of the FEIR 15 On the 9th day of June 2004, the Planning Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga conducted a duly noticed public heanng on the FEIR, at which time all interested parties were given an opportunity to be heard and to present evidence regarding the FEIR. 16 All legal prerequisites prior to the adoption of this Resolution have occurred B Resolution NOW, THEREFORE, it is hereby found, determined, and resolved by the Planning Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga as follows 1 This Commission hereby specifically finds that all of the facts set forth in the Rentals, • Part A of this Resolution, are true and correct 2 Each finding herein is based upon the substantial evidence in the administrative record of proceedings before the Planning Commission, including testimony at the public hearing on June 9, 2004, the Final EIR, and written and oral staff reports F-~" ~~ PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-75 CERTIFY EIR, ADOPT MITIGATION MONITORING PROGRAM, ADOPT STATEMENT OF OVERRIDING CONSIDERATIONS - TRAIGH PACIFIC June 9, 2004 Page 3 3 Based upon the Initial Study and the record before the Planning Commission, the Planning Commission finds that the Prolect would not cause significant environmental impacts in the areas of Land Use, Population and Housing, Energy and Mineral Resources, Agriculture, and Recreation. Explanations for why the Planning Commission determined that the Prolect will have no impact or wdl cause a less than significant impact to the foregoing resources are contained in the "Findings Related to the Tracy Development Prolect and Environmental Impact Report in Compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA)" set forth in Exhibit "A," attached hereto, and incorporated herein by this reference 4 Based upon the FEIR and the record before the Planning Commission, the Planning Commission finds that the Prolect, as mitigated, would not cause significant environmental impacts in the areas of Earth Resources, Water Resources, Transportation and Circulation, Hazards, Noise, Public Services, Utilities, and Cultural Resources Explanations for whythe foregoing impacts were found to be mitigated to a level of less than significant are fully discussed in the "Findings Related to the Tracy Development Prolect and Environmental Impact Report in Compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA)" set forth in Exhibit "A,"attached hereto, and incorporated herein by this reference . 5 Based upon the FEIR and the record before the Planning Commission, the Planning Commission finds that the Prolect would create significant unavoidable impacts m the impact categories of Air Quality (short-term pollutants and long-term operational impacts), Biological Resources, and Aesthetics These impacts that are not fully mitigated to a level of less than significant are further described in the "Findings Related to the Tracy Development Prolect and Environmental Impact Report in Compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA)" set forth in Exhibit "A,"attached hereto, and incorporated herein by this reference The construction- related significant impacts to Air Quality that would arse from the Prolect are assoaated with construction egwpment and grading activities and that would be temporary in nature, while the operational impacts to Air Quality would belong-term in nature The long-term impacts to Biological Resources can be attributed to loss of alluvial fan vegetation The short-term impacts to Aesthetics are construction related, whereas the long-term impacts to are associated with transformation of the existing natural terrain into a developed and planned community 6 Based upon the FEIR and the record before the Planning Commission, the Planning Commission finds that the Prolect may produce potentially significant cumulative impacts related to land use, flood control, water quality, biological resources, hazardous materials, schools, utilities, and aesthetics Further, the proposed protect does create impacts related to air quality, biological resources, and aesthetics that are not fully mitigated and so will contribute incrementally to these cumulatively considerable impacts as well With the exception of the cumulative impacts listed here, the project's cumulative impacts are not significant Further explanation for this determination may be found in the "Findings Related to the Tracy Development Prolect and Environmental Impact Report in Compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA)" set forth in Exhibit "A," attached hereto, and incorporated herein by this reference F S ~'~ PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-75 CERTIFY EIR, ADOPT MITIGATION MONITORING PROGRAM, • ADOPT STATEMENT OF OVERRIDING CONSIDERATIONS - TRAIGH PACIFIC June 9, 2004 Page 4 7 Section 6 0 of the FEIR describes, and the Planning Commission has fully considered, a reasonable range of alternatives to the Prolect which might fulfill the basic obtectives of the Prolect These alternatives include "Alternative 61 -- No Prolect-No Development Alternative," "Alternatve 6.2 -- No Prolect-Open Space Alternative," "Alternative 6 3 -- Reduced Intensity Alternative," "Alternative 6 4 --Modified Site Plan Alternative," and "Alternative 6 5 --Rural Density Alternative The Planning Commission further fords that a good faith effort was made to incorporate alternatives into the preparation of the FEIR and that all reasonable alternatives were considered in the review process of the FEIR Asset forth in the "Findings," attached hereto as Exhibit "A,"the alternatives identified in the EIR are not feasible because they would not achieve the basic obtectives of the protect or would do so only to a much smaller degree and, therefore, would leave unaddressed the significant economic, infrastructure, and General Plan goals that the protect is intended to accomplish, and are thus infeasible due to social and economic considerations, and/or they are infeasible because they would not eliminate the adverse environmental impacts of the proposed protect. Accordingly, each of the alternatives is infeasible 8 Based on the FEIR and the "Findings," attached hereto as Exhibit "A" and incorporated herein by reference, the Plamm~g Commission finds that implementation of mitigation measures identified in the Final EIR and imposed as a condition of the approval of the Prolect will substantially mitigate many of the environmental impacts described in paragraph 4 of this section, to the extent feasible, as described in the "Findings "The Final EIR also identifies significant adverse impacts that cannot be fully mitigated or avoided, including impacts from short-term and long-term air quality from construction-related emissions and vehicle trips, cumulative impacts to biological resources, cumulative impacts to land use (consistency with NEOSHPP), flood control, water quality from urban runoff, hazardous material dumping, congestion of evacuation routes, overcrowded schools, inadequate utilities, and loss of views 9 Mitigation measures described in the Mitigation Monitoring Program, attached hereto as Exhibit "B," and incorporated herein by this reference, will avoid or substantially lessen the potentially significant environmental effects of the protect Further, the environmental, physical, social, economic and other benefits of the Prolect, as set forth in this section and in Exhibit "A," which is incorporated herein by this reference, outweigh any unavoidable, significant, adverse impacts that may occur as a result of the protect, including short-term impacts on arz quality from construction-related emissions, and long-term impacts on air quality from protect emissions, cumulative impacts related to land use, flood control, water quality from urban runoff, loss of alluvial fan sage scrub, hazardous material dumping, congestion of evacuation routes, overcrowded schools, inadequate utilities, and loss of views 10 The Planning Commission finds that the Final EIR was completed pursuant to the CEQA, and the State Gwdelines for Implementation of CEQA, 14 California Code of Regulations, Section 15000, et seq (the Guidelines) The Plamm~g Commission also finds that the Final EIR . represents the independent judgment of the Plamm~g Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga and adequately addresses the impacts of the protect and imposes appropriate mitigation measures for the protect The Planning Commission has also reviewed and considered the contents of the Final EIR, and has reached its own conclusions with respect to the protect and as to whether and how to approve Tentative Tract Map SUBTT14749 F 7 ~~ PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-75 CERTIFY EIR, ADOPT MITIGATION MONITORING PROGRAM, ADOPT STATEMENT OF OVERRIDING CONSIDERATIONS-TRAIGH PACIFIC June 9, 2004 Page 5 11 The Planning Commission finds that the additional information provided in the staff report, m attachments to the staff report, in the comments to the EIR, and presented at the public hearing, does not represent significant new information so as to regwre re-circulation of the EIR pursuant to Public Resources Code Section 21092 1 12 The Planning Commission hereby certifies the Final EIR as being the environmental document for the Protect and for the Planning Commission action in approving Tentative Tract Map SUBTT14749, which Final EIR was prepared m accordance with CEQA, and which facts and findings set forth herein, and in Exhibit "A" hereto, are supported by substantial evidence in the administrative record 13. The mitigation measures in the Final EIR that correspond to the environmental impacts which may result from the protect are hereby adopted and made a condition of approval of, or incorporated into, the protect The Planning Commission also hereby adopts the "Mitigation Monitoring Plan" attached hereto as Exhibit "B " The Mitigation Monitoring Plan will be used to monitor compliance with the mitigation measures and conditions that have been adopted or made a condition of protect approval as set forth in this Section of this Resolution and in Exhibit "B." 14 Due to overriding benefits of the Protect and because the altematlves identified m the EIR are not feasible, as discussed in paragraph 7 above, the Planning Commission hereby finds that any unavoidable impacts of the Protect, including the mitigated but unavoidable impacts from short-term and long-term impacts on air quality from construction-related emissions and protect emissions, cumulative impacts related to land use, flood control, water quality from urban runoff, loss of alluvial fan sage scrub, hazardous material dumping, congestion of evacuation routes, overcrowded schools, inadequate utilities, and loss of views, are acceptable based on the findings contained herein and in Exhibit "A," which is incorporated herein by this reference This determination shall constitute a statement of overriding considerations within the meaning of CEQA and is based on the enwronmental and other benefits of the Protect identified in the Final EIR, in the "Findings," attached hereto as Exhibit "A," and m the record of the Planning Commission's proceedings The specific benefits that outweigh the potential adverse envvonmental impacts assoaated with the protect include, but are not limited to, the following a Providing for the use of land consistent with the established policies and goals of the City of Rancho Cucamonga General Plan, Etiwanda North Specific Plan, City Development Code, and all other City Development guidelines, b Annexing the protect site into the City of Rancho Cucamonga, c Integrating the protect with the character of the surrounding neighborhoods and establish a development that results m logical, coordinated growth, d Establishing aprotect-wide circulation system that meets regional and local transportation needs and accommodates both vehicles and pedestrians, e Providing a system of public/communityfaalities, including trails, open space areas, and landscaping to support the residents of the protect and surrounding area in an efficient and timely manner, ~_ ~ ~ O PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-75 CERTIFY EIR, ADOPT MITIGATION MONITORING PROGRAM, ADOPT STATEMENT OF OVERRIDING CONSIDERATIONS-TRAIGH PACIFIC June 9, 2004 Page 6 Limiting Impacts to surrounding uses and residents, and to the community character, g Providing backbone public infrastructure (i a roads, utilities) to serve prolect residents and the surrounding community, h Minimizing impacts to, and generate revenues in excess of costs for, various public service agenaes, and i Providing quality housing opportunities compatible with existing and planned development that responds to market demands 15 The documents and other materials that constitute the record of the proceedings which include, but are not limited to, the staff report for the prolect, as well as all of the materials that comprise and support the Final EIR and support the staff reports concerning the prolect, are located in the office of the City Planner of the City of Rancho Cucamonga, at 10500 Civic Center Drive, Rancho Cucamonga, California 91730. The custodian of these documents is the City Planner of the City of Rancho Cucamonga. 16 Pursuant to provisions of the California Public Resources Code Section 21089 (b), this application shall not be operative, vested or final until the Notice of Determination (NOD) is fled and posted with the Clerk of the Board of Supervisors of the County of San Bernardino and all regwred fling fees assessed pursuant to California Fish and Game Code Section 711 4, together with any regwred handling charges, are paid to the County Clerk of the County of San Bernardino In the event this application is determined exempt from such filing fees pursuant to the provisions of the California Fish and Game Code, or the gwdelines promulgated thereunder, condition shall be deemed null and void 17 The Secretary to this Commission shall certify to the adoption of this Resolution APPROVED AND ADOPTED THIS 9TH DAY OF JUNE 2004 PLANNING COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF RANCHO CUCAMONGA BY ATTEST Rich Macias, Chairman Buller, Secretary F J~~ PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-75 CERTIFY EIR, ADOPT MITIGATION MONITORING PROGRAM, ADOPT STATEMENT OF OVERRIDING CONSIDERATIONS-TRAIGH PACIFIC June 9, 2004 Page 7 I, Brad Buller, Secretary of the Planning Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga, do hereby certify that the foregoing Resolution was duly and regularly introduced, passed, and adopted by the Planning Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga, at a regular meeting of the Planning Commission held on the 9th day of June 2004, by the following vote-to-wit AYES COMMISSIONERS NOES COMMISSIONERS ABSENT: COMMISSIONERS ~/J CEQA FINDINGS DISTRIBUTED UNDER SEPARATE COVER EXHIBIT A F ~~ • s MITIGATION MONITORING CHECKLIST s Project File No.: _SCH# 2003081085 Tract Develoament Proiect Applicant: Tracy Develoament Prepared by: Kent Norton -Michael Brandman Associates Date: April 28 2004 . • .. -. • 1.0 Land •- ~,msr~ ~ Use and Planning '`,~`.; z~.~, ~r ,~ ,.. ,~. ,:~ ~ , ~ • . ~r~ ~ =' . ,~< r ~' ~ ~ , ,c ;~ ..~. _. ,~a:~, ,b - ~ , _„ ,, , 1-1 Prior to recordation of each phase, or issuance of grading CP Prior to Recordation or C D ~ p permits for each phase, the applicant shall submit and obtain recordation grading permit , , approval of a landscape plan that demonstrates compliance or issuance issuance with the City of Rancho Cucamonga's Neighborhood Theme of grading Plan in the Etiwanda North Specific Plan, to the satisfaction of permits for the City Planning Department each phase 2.0 Population and Housing °~, "_ ~ • - ~ ~~"; ?;~~,~i fx x~ ^ c - ~°~ f + Yf Y. None Reqwred __ _- __ 3.0 Earth Resources _ i ,'5~°,~• .S- k« °~:~, t 3-1 Prior to the issuance of bwlding permits, the developer h ll d 80 B Pnor to bwlding C 2 s a emonstrate that each lot is buildable & complies with permit issuance n the recommendations and general earthwork and grading ~(,J specifications found in the RMA Group Geotechnical Investigation (DEIR Appendix C) This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Budding Official 3-2 Pnor to the issuance of grading permts and/or 60 B Pnor to grading C 1, 2 recordation of each phase, a detailed geologic and permit issuance geolechnical investigation shall be prepared and approved for and/or recordation the residential bwlding areas and all roads The report shall of each phase demonstrate that each lot is buldable and identify potential geologic and soil limitations and recommend appropriate engineering and design measures to adequately protect structures and inhabitants This report shall also examine the drainage area adjacent to East Etiwanda Creek to identfy potential landslide, erosion, or other slopes that could affect the residential area Subsequent foundation and otherdesign gwdelines in these studies shall be consistent with the standards established in the RMA Group Geotechnical Investigation (DEIR Appendix C) This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Crty Engineer << a .. . A . . ... .. :e of grading permits and/or easures recommended by the BO B Prwr to grading C t p ~tion identified in Measure 3-2 permit issuance 3 plans and implemented to the and/or recordation eer ~ grading permit for each phase , and submit a Dust Control Plan to gp g C Prior to grading A, C 2, q pplicable regwrements of the permit issuance e approved by the City Bwldmg for each phase for to issuance of the grading methods are in place to assure ~uctwn acbvrties and/or used to be sprayed with water at least and afternoon, or more often if Iratmg from the sde o be left m place for more than her be sprayed with anon-toxic lastic or revegelated until placed ashed before the vehicle leaves paved road all be removed daily to minimize building permits, where cut and CP B Prior to bullding A 2 ~~~ ~~~N~~ a~~ ~~cd~r~ ~~~yher than three feet, a detailed permit issuance Landscape and Irrigation Plan shall be submitted to the City Planning Department prior to grading plan approval The plans shall be reviewed for type and density of ground cover, shrubs, and trees, and shall be consistent with the Neighborhood Theme Plan of the Efiwanda North Specific Plan This measure shall be implemented to the safisfacfion of the City Planner 3-6 Prior to the issuance of building permits, graded, but BO B, C Prior to building A, C 2, 3 undeveloped land shall be maintained weed-free and planted permit issuance with interim landscaping within ninety days of completion of grading, unless bulding permits are obtained This measure shall be implemented to the safisfacfion of the City Building Official • ,~ J .. , • -. .. '. sE.t@t4~"Y+"i° ,M'tkik 3.0 Earth Resources ~n~a ~ ~ yl ?AY£ MrvF.W `,~~ _ ~- ~~ ~+~ ~~, ~ <~• xrt~, ~,er^~"'~<~~ a ~- e ~ ~ .. w 3-7 Pnor to the issuance of occupancy permits, planting of CE B, C Prior to A C 3 developed land shall comply with the National Pollutant occupancy permit , Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Best Management Practices Construction Handbook Section 6 2 This measure issuance shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer 3-8 Pnor to the issuance of bwldmg permits, all grading shall BO B, C Pnor to budding A C 2 be conducted in conformance with the recommendations permit issuance , contained within the Geotechnical Report included as DEIR Appendix B This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Cdy Engineer 4.0 Water Resources 4-1 Pnor to the issuance of a grading permit, the developer CE B Pnor to grading A, C 2 shall obtain Clean Water Act Section 401 and 404 permits (for permit issuance water quality certification for dredge and fill operations), if necessary, from the U S Army Corps of Engineers Copies of the same shall be provided to City Bwiding and Safety This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer 4-2 Prior to issuance of the fast occupancy permit, the CE B Prior to issuance B 3 planned revetment along the East Eliwanda Channel adjacent of fast occupancy to the project site shall be installed, subject to approval bythe permit San Bernardino County Flood Control District and receipt of that approval to the City Engineer 4-3 Prior to the recordation of each phase or approval of a CE B Prior to the A, B, C 1, 2 grading permit, the project proponent will implement the on- recordation of and off-site drainage system improvements as outlined in the each phase or project Drainage Study (DEIR Appendix D) This includes approval of a detention faalities proposed at 24th Street (Wilson Avenue) greding permit and Etiwanda Creek or onsite, participation in the County's Ehwanda Creek fee program, and participation in the City of Rancho Cucamonga's Etiwanda/San Sevaine Area Drainage Policy program, including appropriate fair share fees Implementation of this measure is subject to rewew and approval by the City Engineer prior to issuance of a grading permd r'1 J . ~- ~ a~~.~ l'K ~ 4. ; .. . - P, ~ w ~ -, , ~, -~.y~„~~ t.,, S4Yr _ -. .. E u~ M a u~ at . . . ~~.' a hu+~j °ti ";;-"" nldmg permits, the applicant shall r for approval of a Water Ouaht CE B Pnor to budding D p y °,,.^..y~,~~=~~~ ~~a~~ tvvvrvv'), including a protect descnption permd issuance and identifying Best Management Practices (BMPs) that will be used on-site to reduce pollutants into the storm drain system to the maximum extent practicable The WQMP shall identify the structural and non-structural measures consistent with the Guidelines for New Development and Redevelopment adopted by the City of Rancho Cucamonga June 2000 4-5 Pnor to issuance of grading or paving permts, applicant CE B shall submit to the Cdy Engineer a Notice of Intent (NOI) to Prwr to grading or D 2 comply with obtaining coverage under the National Pollutant pavng permits Discharge Ehmmation System (NPDES) General Construction Storm Water Permit from the State Water Resources Control Board Evidence that this has been obtained (i e , a copy of the Waste Dischargers Identification Number) shall be I submdted to the Crty Engineer for coverage underthe NPDES General Construction Permit 4-6 Prior to the issuance of building permits, drainage and CE B Pnor to bulding A C 2 flood control facilities and improvements shall be designed permit issuance , and constructed in accordance with the San Bernardino County Flood Control District requirements, as applicable This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the County Flood Control Distract and receipt of approval by the Cdy Engineer 4-7 Pnor to issuance of a grading permd, the developer wdl CE B Prwr to grading C 2 pay the required drainage fee related to the San Bernardino permit issuance County Flood Control District Etiwanda Creek watershed This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the County Flood Control District and receipt of approval by the Cdy Engineer i 'If `~ • .. ~ .. . • -• . .. 5.0 Transportation and Circulation ~ ~ ~''~"~ '~'"~~ "~"-°~ .~ i ' .ki „~ .fi^~A.,vO- `~ ' , ..LA :~ ~~°M1~ A v xx,'~"" ` ~"axr ff ' :4"~" - • r=`~~~° _« 5.1 Pnor to the issuance of the first occupancy permd for the . . j ®F°~fiy ~. protect, the following intersections are protected to be CE D Pnor to first B, D 3 warranted for traffic signals by opening year occu anc p y permit • Day Creek Boulevard (NS) at Banyan Avenue (EW) issuance • Day Creek Boulevard (NS) at SR-210 West Bound Ramp (EW) • Day Creek Boulevard (NS) at SR-210 East Bound Ramp (EW) • Etiwanda Avenue (NS) at Banyan Avenue (EW) • Etiwanda Avenue (NS) at Wilson Avenue (EW) • East Avenue (NS) at Banyan Avenue (EW) The applicant shall make a fair share contribution, as identified in the protect traffic report, to the traffic signal mitigation program of the County of San Bernardino and/or City of Rancho Cucamonga, as appropriate This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Ciiy Engineer 5-2 Prior to the issuance of bulding permits for each phase, the protect shall incorporate bus turn-outs and/or shelters if CE C Prior to building A, B, C 2 regwred by Omni-Trans and/or the Transportation permit issuance for each phase Commission The protect applicant shall consult with and obtain clearance from these agencies to assure compliance with the Regional Mobility and Air Quality Management Plans Confirmation of contact and compliance wHh their regwremenls shall be provided to the City Engineer This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer 5-3 Prior to the issuance of bulding permits for each phase, CE B Prior to bulding C 2 the applicant shall pay a fair share basis for off-site permit issuance improvements as identified in the protect traffic report This for each phase measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer, including but not hmded to the following • 24'" Avenue (Wilson Avenue) from Etiwanda Avenue to Day Creek, • Day Creek Boulevard from 24'" (Wilson) to Highland Avenue, • 24'" (Wilson) between Etiwanda Avenue and Wardman Bullock Road, and • East Avenue from south of the protect limit to 23rd Street .. - - ~ . - h-r5a j ~uy"5.-au 5.0 Trensportation~and~ kircula lo n , -. .. ... - - .. - ' tt~z~«,,,~w n , a . S-4 Prior to the issuance of bulding permits for each phase CE a cs aB;J' ".i~`~ A4_ n"":,. ~ ~ :;,nr'~;•'Tr,'t";,#`~ rt „ , the applicant shall pay a'Yair share" contribution towards off- B Pnor to building C p site impacts to linked roadways and intersections as outlined permit issuance , in the protect traffic report The protect share of the cost has for each phase been calculated based on the proportion of the protect peak hour traffic contributed to the improvement location relative to the total new peak hour Year 2015 traffic volume The protect's fair share of identihed mtersect~on and roadway fink cost is $63,818 as of the date of the traffic study This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of City Engineer, including any changes in the protect's fair share contribution due to changes in the Consumer Price Index or similar public works measures 5-5 Pnor to issuance of an occupancy permit far the fvst CE D Pnor to first A residential unit, the developer shall construct East Avenue 3 and Etiwanda Avenue to City standards, as outlined in the occupancy permit protect traffic report These improvements will be made to the issuance satisfaction of the Cary Engineer 5-6 Prior to the issuance of grading permits, the developer CE B Prior to grading A D 2 shall coordinate all construction-related activities to mimm¢e permit issuance , congestion and delay on local roadways, to the satisfaction of City Engineer rl u - •• - 5.0 Transportation and>Circulall n : >z . Q a, ~ q . p :~,~ xet, ,.rte, ~. 5-7 Prior to the issuance of grading permits, the developer ,•, n ,__., ~..„~` ;, ..m~a*. ~.. .. tint .~, _~.~ "~~`~ ~~„-;-,;°, shall submd a Dust Control Plan (DCP) to the Cdy Budding gC g Prior to grading D 2 and Safety Department consistent with SCA~MD gwdelines permit issuance The DCP shall include activities to reduce on-site and on-site dust production This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Cdy Budding Official Such activities shall include, but are not limited to, the following a)Throughout grading and construction activities, exposed sod shall be kept moist through a minimum of twice daily watering to reduce fugitive dust b)Street sweeping shall be conducted, when visible soil accumulations occur along site access roadways to remove dirt dropped by construction vehicles or dried mud earned oft by trucks moving dirt or bringing construction materials Site access driveways and adjacent streets will be washed if there are visible signs of any dirt track-out at the conclusion of any workday c)AIl trucks hauling dirt away from the site shall be covered to prevent the generation of fugitive dust d)During high wind conditions (i a ,wind speeds exceeding 25 mph), areas with disturbed soil wdl be watered hourly, and activities on unpaved surfaces shall be terminated until wind speeds no longer exceed 25 mph 6.0 Air Quality ~: x~ _- >~,,.w~r•k ;*e »~,>z~x - ,W • ~ ~~;~,~,;;, a , 6-1 During construction, all construction equipment shall be gp maintained in good operating condition so as to reduce C City Inspectors to A 4 operational emissions Contractor shall ensure that all monitor dunng construction equipment is being properly serviced and construction maintained as per manufacturers' specifications Maintenance records shall be available at the construction site for Cit ventication 6-2 Prior to the issuance of any grading permits, developer CP B Developer to C, D 2 shall submd construction plans to Crty denoting the proposed submd schedule and projected equpment use Construction documentation of contractors shall provide evidence that low emission mobile compliance construction egwpment will be utilized, or that their use was investigated and found to be infeasible for the project Contractors shall also conform to any construction measures City Inspectors to A q imposed by the South Coast Air Quality Management District monitor (SCAOMD) as well as Crty Planning Staff compliance .a14~'zy~I 4-~ <µ4 ~_,i„ A~: s's~ ~~^'d'rR,_.t • -. '`F`~Fw, ,i4~~iA • +~' a .. ~. - •.4 ~ .. .. ~ _, r ri'9. • w , r..w oatings shall meet or SCAOMD Rule 1113 BO C Cdy Inspectors to A q ether by hand or high monitor tisfaction of the City compliance during painting hall meet or exceed ND Rule 1108 to the BO C City Inspectors to A 4 , momtor compliance during paving the prime contractor rll not be left idling for BO C City Inspectors to A q minutes) momtor compliance during construction lion egmpment shall D3 to the satisfaction B0 C Cdy Inspectors to A 4 , itractors shall include monitor compliance ie construction sde during construction site haul roads, • acneauie acnvmes to mmim¢e the amounts of exposed excavated soil during and after the end of work periods, • Dispose of surplus excavated material in accordance with local ordinances and use sound engineering practices, • Sweep streets according to a schedule established by the City if silt is carried over to adjacent public thoroughfares or occurs as a result of hauling Timing may vary depending upon time of year of i construction, • Suspend grading operations during high winds (i e , wind speeds exceeding 25 mph) in accordance with Rule 403 requirements, and • Maintain a minimum 24-inch freeboard ratio on soils haul trucks or cover payloads using tarps or other swtable means • i • r~ W • 6.0 Air duality ; ~ ~ ..,.• ~~+~~~ ~~ .a~,° - • ~ ~,~;»,.~~-.~ ,< '~ ate" ~ ~. m "~' , ~ _ ~~.~ .. ~. ..,~, ,;_`r;9 . , - .. ?"'~fi~ ~ a , , < ~ P ,,,,~, , 6-7 Durng grading, the site shall be treated with water or BO 6 City Inspectors to A D 4 other soil-stabilizing agent (approved by SCAOMD and monitor , Regional Water Ouahty Control Board [RWOCB]) daily to reduce PM~o emissions, in accordance with SCAOMD Rule compliance dunng grading 403 This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Inspectors 6-8 Chemical soil stabilizers (approved by SCAOMD and BO C City Inspectors to A 4 RWOCB) shall be applied to all inactive construction areas that remain inactive for 96 hours or more to reduce PM monitor io emissions This measure shall be implemented to the compliance during satisfaction of the City Inspectors construction 6-9 During construction, contractors shall utilize electric or BO C City Inspectors to A 4 clean alternative fuel powered equipment where feasible monitor This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the compliance City Inspectors 6-10 During construction, contractors shall ensure that BO C City Inspectors to A 4 construction and grading plans include a statement that work monitor crews will shut off equipment when not in use This measure compliance shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Inspectors during construction 6-11 Prior to approval of bwlding permits, the developershall BO B Developer C 2 demonstrate that all residential structures have incorporated submits plans for high efficiency/low polluting heating, au conddiomng, approval appliances and water heaters This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Cdy Budding Official 6-12 Prior to approval of bwlding permits, the developershall BO B Developer C 2 demonstrate that all residential structures have incorporated submits plans for thermal pane windows and weather-stripping This measure approval shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Budding Official 6-13 Prior to the issuance of building permits, the developer CP B Developer C, D 2 shall submit and obtain approval of a plan for the provision of submits plans for adequate pedestrian and bicycle facilities for protect residents approval throughout the protect The plan shall detail the construction timing for bike racks at the two parks, sidewalks, and trails based upon completion prior to occupancy of the first unit of the subtec[ phase This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Cdy Planning Department - .. - ~i" 1r "Vx ai~"a-~'11~`yYP 42.'~~!-~Fy 6:0 AIr Quality" ~ - • • ~ • • • • ~ - ~5 . ( 1~t°Rt~ ~~ ,... SM~d ~. ;L. ~' t $ _ i,~~..- a ~ } S ~R t A+~` ~~-. „ y~ppp~~ 3a ,,,,, -'t..^s~i~"~.,, ~. rv'NCr' .aP 19d~r 6-14 Prwr to the issuance of th fi t i . h T e rs occupancy permd, the CE B D applicant shall make a fair share contribution to a park and eveloper C, D 2 nde facility along the I-15 or I-10 Freeways that would serve submits proof of protect residents The fair share calculation shall be fee payment determined to the satisfaction of City Engineer The applicant shall place the appropriate funds in a special account for such purposes This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer 6-15 Prior to issuance of the first occupancy permit, the CE E applicant shall provide a bus stop/shelter at the trailhead park Developer shall B, D g to OmniTrans standards if so directed by OmniTrans and to construct bus , the satisfaction of the City Engineer stop/shelter if needed 7.0 BiologtcalResources -• ;~±~-n^~~~s - 7-1 If necessary, the applicant shall obtain the appropriate CP B Developer shall B D federal Clean Water Act (CWA) Section 404 permit from the obtain , 2 U S Army Corps of Engineers It a permit is required, the determinatton applicant will mitigate any loss of tunsdiclional land orwetland from USACOE if areas at a minimum 1 1 ratio, which is consistent with the permit is needed protect delineation report This measure shall be -developer shall implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning obtain if needed Department prior to the issuance of grading permits 7-2 Prior to the issuance of a grading permit, the applicant CP B Developer shall B, D 2 shall obtain a CWA Section 401 Certification from the obtain Regional Water Quality Control Board, if necessary This determination measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City from RWQCB if Planning Department prior to the issuance of grading permits permit is needed -developer shall obtain rf needed 7-3 If necessary, the applicant shall obtain a Streambed CP B Developer shall B, 0 2 Alteration Agreement (SAA) from the California Department of obtain Fish and Game If an SAA is requred, the applicant will determination mitigate any loss of tunsdicfional land at a minimum 1 1 ratio from CDF&G rf as recommended by the protect biology report This measure permit is needed shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning -developer shall Department prior to the issuance of grading permits obtain if needed • • 11 l~ s • . 7.0 Biological Resources `" "`~~ ~ ~r ~:~~, .~..~ ~ .. ~s • ~s, ~' °' , ; _.. '?,~~,~~ t, , ° -,~_ - 7-4 Prior to the issuance of occupancy permits, all manufactured slopes on the periphery of the develo ment CP D Developer shall A 3 p shall be landscaped as approved by Plamm~g staff This install requred landscaping measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planner, prior to the issuance of occupancy permits for the first unit in each phase Prior to recordation of each phase, the phase map shall contain a note requning this measure 7-5 Prior to issuance of a grading permit, the applicant shall CP B Developer shall B D Z acquire and convey to the County Special District OS-1 or provide proof of , other appropriate conservation organization 164 acres of land CSD within or near the NEOSHPP area that supports alluvial fan establishment sage scrub and/or upland sage scrub This measure is proposed to mitigate the potential loss of habitat for sensitive plant and animal speaes, and the loss of raptor foraging land This offsite mitigation land (OML) shall be of equal or greater habitat value than that of the protect site The identiticahon and transfer of OML will be to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department, in accordance with the guidelines of the NEOSHPP All reasonable efforts will be made to locate the OML within or near the NEOSHPP area This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department 7-6 Pnor to the issuance of grading permits, a protocol CP B Biologist shall D 2 gnatcatcher survey shall be conducted If any individuals or conduct protocol nesting pairs of birds are found onsite, the developer shall surveys before obtain appropriate take authorization and additional mitigation grading land shall be added to the amount of Offsite Mitigation Land (OML) described in Measure 7-5 according to the following minimum ratios individual 15 acres, nested pau = 30 acres If gnatcalchers are Tound onsite, an Inadental Take Permit would be required from the U S Fish & Wildlife Service either by a Section 10(a) permit or through a Section 7 Consultation with the U S Army Corps of Engineers This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Cdy Planning Department • • 7.0 Blolo ical Resources `~'~ ~~~~"~ ~- ^~ , ""~"~~~ "r ~ u. .. ~. ~`ror"~~a ~ .. «~. *~~ ° *~ - , m 7-7 Pnor to the issuance of a grading permit, the developer CP B Biologist shall D 2 shall conduct a protocol survey for the San Bernardino conduct protocol kangaroo rat (SBKR) and the Santa Ana wooly star within surveys before those areas of East Etiwanda Creek within 50 feet of the "punch through" connection of the new northern drainage grading channel to the creek channel This survey is to verify that these species do not occupy area to be disturbed by construction If SBKR and/or Santa Ana wooly star are found to be present, the developer shall comply with applicable U S Fish and Wildlife Service requirements, which may include obtaining a federal Endangered Speaes Act Section 10(a) permit or a Section 7 Consultation through the U S Army Corps of Engineers SBKR or wooly star habitat disturbed by construction will be mitigated at a minimum ratio of 21 subtect to any subsequent USF&WS permit conditions and receipt or nohficahon to the City Planning Department 7-8 If grading of the site has not occurred before February 15 CP B Biologist shall D 2 of 2005, protocol surveys for SBKR and gnatcatchers will be conduct protocol performed over the entire site, and each spring thereafter, surveys before until grading is completed Any occupied habitat found dunng grading those surveys for either species will be added to the amount of offsrte mdigabon land regmred under the Draft EIR (164 acres) 7-9 The developer to provide an appropriate contribution for CP B Developer shall B 2 the protect toward funding a local brown-headed cowbird demonstrate proof irappmg program to further benefd gnatcatchers in this area of payment The amount of this contribution, and the location of the trapping program, shall be determined by the City in consultation with the California Department of Fish and Game The contribution shall be made prior to grading, to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department in consultation with the California Department of Fish and Game 7-10 Prwr to issuance of grading permits, a qualified biologist CP B Biologist shall D 2 shall conduct a survey for nesting birds on the site Any conduct protocol occupied nest shall be avoided and separated by at least 200 surveys before feet from ground-disturbingactrvities Nesting areas are to be grading marked by orange construction Penang The biologist shall verify a nest has been abandoned prior to removing the fenangand commenangground-disturbing actiwties in anyof these areas • r'~ W • S.0 Energy and MineralResources Yew None Regwred .. _ ._~ ~ 3 ,k;_~ . ~s'~f~ ~.: f r?',tat 'r~ ~~~b . ° 9.0 Wazards *•' ~r`r~~ _~~ .~ ~,~ ~ :'ks ~ ~~~~ ~ ~ ;; ~t ~~ , y'',~^ ~ ' gt'?~'F;a rn~ ~;,~~zrs; ~ +~'~,~~ =~,~,z . c „B . .hxC, „ ~ r , rs. ~ -^ f, ,vim 9-1 Prior to the issuance of grading permits, the developer CE 8 Developer shall B D 2 shall submit a plan to the Rancho Cucamonga Fire Protection submit plan for , District (RCFPD) for each phase for the proper clean up of review and any hazardous or toxic substance that is discovered or approval by released during construction The plan will regwre the RCFPD developer to properly clean-up and remove any contaminated soil or other material, restore the affected area to background conditions or to regulatory threshold levels for the contaminant(s) accidentally released or discovered, and deliver the contaminated material to an appropriate treatment, recycling, or landfill facility in accordance with the regulations for the type of contaminant accidentally released and collected for management This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the RCFPD 9-2 Each indroidual lot owner will be regwred to maintain their BO E RCFPD to A Notice/Fine for side and back yards with 30 feet of irrigated'Yirewise"Zone 1 conduct annual RCFPD to perform landscaping or equivalent No buddmgs are to be butlt within inspections requved work d this setback area Swimming pools and non-combustible needed deck coverings are permissible Any remaining portion of the backyard lot will be maintained to either Zone 1 or Zone 2 criteria depending on the lot depth This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Rancho Cucamonga Fve Protection Distract 93 Landscape and maintenance for the manufactured BO E RCFPD to A Notice/Fine for slopes common areas will be to Zane 2 criteria These areas conduct annual RCFPD to perform may be irrigated, ornamental firewise landscaping, or planted inspections regwred work if wdh native fire resistant plants and trees Access points needed every 500 feet shall be available to perform annual maintenance This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Rancho Cucamonga Fire Protection District q -Mn•, ~,;a ~ 9.0 Hazards ~ _ .. ~, :,'?~ ~`"~' a .ti - . ,v,.: _ =~ r ~.x-~~ ~ . ~ K~`~fi, e'`, u"rp{, .~*. ~~& r ~. ~,~~ ' . ''3(d. "S. ~• .. • •~,:~ ~-n ,...~ -„~-~ ~ ~ , ~i 9-4 A special fuel modification zone easement shall be BO E RCFPD to A located outside and adlacent to the northern protect boundary Notice/Fine for wrthm the electrc utddy corndor and on flood control distract conduct annual RCFPD to perform land where all native and exotic vegetation will be treated to inspections required work rf Zone 2 criteria on a strip of land 50 feet in width Also, a Fuel needed Modification Zone Easement of 75 feet in width will be created and maintained by the maintenance authority adlacent to the east side of Lot 46, Phase 4 Alternatively, the tentative tract map may be modified to allow an appropriate onsite Fuel Modification Zone along the northern boundary if the electric corridor cannot be used This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Rancho Cucamonga Fire Protection Distract 9-5 All residential structures within the Tract 14749 BO D RCFPD or City to A 3 development will be bwlt with a Class A Roof Assembly, conduct including a Class A roof covering and attic or foundation ventilation louvers or ventilation openings in vertical walls inspections shall not exceed 144 square inches per opening These opening shall be covered with Ye inch mesh corrosion- resistant metal screening or other approved material that offers equwalent protection Attic ventilation shall also comply with the regwrements of the Uniform Bwlding Code (U B C ) Ventilation louvers and openings may be incorporated as part of access assemblies This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Rancho Cucamonga Fire Protection Distract 9-6 A six-foot high solid non-combustible wall shall be CP D Developer to A 3 constructed along the entire length of the north, east and west construct property lines to minimize fire danger This measure shall be perimeter walls implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department 9.7 Prior to the issuance of the first occupancy permit, the CP D Developer to A 3 applicant shall provide signs along the community trails, prepare and including the west bank of East Etiwanda Creek, that wain install signs per residents of the potential risk of wddtife/human interactions Crty direction The wording, design, number, and placement of the signs shall be to the satisfaction of the Cdy Planning Department • 1! U t 9.0'liazards -~~ ~`'~ k.~-~;:~,:w< .. I l -• ~. .. ~ v.,~. 9-8 The applicant shall provide wildlife resistant trash receptacles at the parks and other public facilities to prevent CP D Developer shall A 3 foraging by local wildlife The design and placement of the provide required receptacles shall be to the satisfaction of the City Planning faali6es Department 10.0 Noise "-~~_ ;„~ „~ yi"n" ~d~. ~~„ n; , ?'tee ~. ~f ~„ - :~ .~, , ~ fi {' " h ' ~ " ~ a-nut F;~~fi ~ ~~'~~`~ ~'< ,ax: , `. ~' ~~ 10-1 Construction or grading noise levels shall not exceed CP C . r, 5 . .tl...:H75 u _ a8 s. the standards specified in Development Code Section Developer shall A q 17 02 120-D, as measured at the property line Developer retain noise shall hire a consultant to perform weekly noise level consultant to perform required monitoring as specified in Development Code Section monitoring 17 02 120 Monitoring at other times may be requred by the Planning Division Said consultant shall report their findings to the Planning Dvision within 24 hours, however, if noise levels exceed the above standards, then the consultant shall immediately notify the Planning Dvision If noise levels exceed the above standards, then construction acirvities shall be reduced in intensity to a level of compliance with above noise standards or halted 10-2 During construction, haul truck deliveries shall not take BO C City Inspectors to A 4 place between the hours of 8 00 p m and 6 30 a m on monitor weekdays, including Saturday, or at any lime on Sunday or a compliance national holiday Additionally, if heavy trucks used for hauling during would exceed 100 daily tops (counting both to and from the construction construction site), then the developer shall prepare a noise mitigation plan denoting any construction traffic haul routes To the extent feasible, the plan shall denote haul routes that do not pass sensitive land uses or residential dwellings 70.0 Noise .. ~_ *°ax~`x8 ~ . - «,r ~ N~,_e~.~ -. ~~ .~-; .~~ ~ Y_~~ ~i^` 4~ ` .. ~ ~;~,g ~ 2 ~ar:•,.a-,.~~.. _ ,, 10-3 Pnorto the issuance of grading and building permits for BO B Developer to D 2 each phase, the developer shall confirm to Building and submit Safety m writing that all construction equipment, fixed or documentation of mobile, shall use properly operating mufflers No combustion compliance to equipment, such as pumps or generators, shall be allowed to City operate within 500 feet of any occupied residence from 6 30 p m to 7 a m unless the equipment is surrounded by a noise protection barrier Stationary equipment shall be placed m such a manner as emitted noise is directed away from sensitive receptors Additionally, stockpiling of vehicles and staging areas shall be located as far as practical from sensitive noise receptors as well The developer shall include this provision and adherence to all conditions of approval as a requirement of all construction contracts for this site This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department 10-4 Pnorto the issuance of grading and/or bwldmg permits, CP B Developer C 2 all construction staging shall be performed at least 500 feet submits plan to from occupied dwellings The location of staging areas, as City for review indicated on the grading plan, will be subject to review and C A 4 approval by the City Planning Department Ci Ins tors ry momtor 10-5 Prior to the issuance of bwldmg permits for each phase, BO B Developer shall C, D 2 the developer wdl document that exterior residential areas will submit proof of have exterior noise levels of less than 65 dB CNEL, to the compliance satisfaction of the City Building and Safety Department 10-6 Prior to the issuance of occupancy permits for each BO D Developer shall D 3 phase, the developer shall document that interior living areas submit proof of have noise levels less than 45 d6 CNEL, to the satisfaction of compliance the Budding and Safety Department 10-7 Prior to the issuance of budding permts for each phase, BO D Cdy Inspectors to A, D 2 the developer shall incorporate site designs and measures to verify compliance help reduce proposed noise levels over the long-term Residential lots with rear yards or side yards adjacent to collector streets (i a Lower Crest) shall be constructed with a 6-foot black wall along the perimeter or demonstrate with an adddional noise study that ultimate traffic volumes onsde wdl not exceed the noise performance standards in the City Development Code to the satisfaction of the Building and Safety Department ~ i ~ it (~ ~.l ... - 1Y0. Public Services~~ ~ ~,~~ t Y 11-1 Prior to the issuance of bulding permits for each phase, BO B Developer to D p the developer and/or individual homebwiders shall pay all legally established public service fees, including police, fire, submit proof of fee payments schools, parks, and libraries to the affected public agencies as stipulated in the Development Agreement This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Building and Safety Department 11-2 Prior to the issuance of building permits for each phase, CP B Developer to C 2 the developer and/or individual homebuilders shall comply submit plans to with all design requirements of affected public agences such agencies for as police, fire, health, etc This measure shall be review and implemented to the satisfaction of the City Plamm~g approval Department 113 Prior to the issuance of bulding permits for each phase, FC B Developer to C 2 the applicant shall obtain approval of the Fire Department with submit plans to regard to determination of adequate fire flow and installation RCFD for review of acceptable fire resistant structural materials in protect and approval bwldings 11-4 Prior to the issuance of occupancy permits for each BO D Developer shall B 3 phase, the applicant shall pay all legally established impact submit proof of fees to the Etiwanda School District and the Chaffey Joint payment of school Union High School District in accordance with state law fees Proof of such payment shall be submitted to City Building and Safety Department 11-5 Prior to recordation for each phase, the developer shall CE B Developer shall D 1 post a bond in an amount to be determined by the City demonstrate Engineering Department to ensure installation and payment of bond maintenance of all public and pnvate roads and drainage facilities necessary for each phase of the protect This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer '12.O;Utilities ~ >,~~z,~`*~'~~~' ~~~ ~r~~T ~w'~' . ~~ ;ter ;s~'~.~m~.`; ~~°~ '~,~~t,~, ~ ., ~ ~ 12-1 Priorto the issuance of building permits for each phase, BO B Developer shall B 2 the applicant shall provide funding to the Cucamonga County demonstrate Water Dtstrict for sewer service Additionally, the Cucamonga payment County Water District will be required to provide funds to the Inland Empire Utilities Agency for treatment of the protect's wastewater Proof of such payment shall be submitted to the City Bulding and Safety Department • .. -. -. .. 12.0 Utilities . m .. ~., w~~~. ,: ~ ,~ ~.~ x F ~ .53 ~ ' $ '' ~ ~ ~ "~. ~, ~~~ tP~x~~ 4 ' ' .. ~~ ewan ~ ~~ ~ M ,. r „r a Dn ~fi .c.kW N^";,+°41i .. : ~ i.{w~,$,n ~ 6r _ ~ la ` .;' ,",? ~,v 4 12-2 Prior to the issuance of grading permits, development CE B Developer shall B plans shall be provided to Southern California Edison the p , Gas Company, and Verizon, as they become available in submit proof of order to faalitate engineering, design and construction of review and approval by other improvements necessary to provide electrical, natural gas, and telephone service to the protect site This shall be done agencies to the satisfaction of the City Engineer 12-3 Prior to the issuance of bulding permits, the applicant CE B Developer shall B shall apply for and obtain will-serve letters from SCE SCGC p , , and Verizon and place them on file with the City Engineer submit service letters from other agencies 12-4 Prior to the issuance of bulding permits, the applicant CE B Developer shall B C p shall comply with the gudelines provided by SCE, SCGC, and submit proof of , Verizon in regard to easement restrictions, construction review and guidelines, protection of pipeline easements, and potential approval by other amendments to right-of-way in the areas of any existing agences easements of these companies This shall be done to the satisfaction of the Crty Engineer 13.0 Aesthetics - ~~ -'r- ~1;,i^~~°~~~~ ~~~~ 13-1 All outdoor lighting shall be submitted to the Planning CP B Developer shall C 2 Department for plan check and shall comply with the submit lighting regwrements of Etiwanda North Speafic Plan design plans to City for guidelines and the City General Plan This measure shall be review and implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planner approval 13-2 Prior to issuance of building permits the developer shall CE B Developer shall C 2 submd construction plans for any signage associated wdh the submd signage site, including entrance monuments (but excluding street plans to City for signs and traffic signs), primarily of natural appearing review and materials (i a wood and rock), consistent with the Etiwanda approval North Specific Plan design guidelines If signs are lighted, light must be directed toward the sign rather than backlighting This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department 13-3 Priorto final inspection or occupancy of each phase, the CP D City Planners to A 3 City wdl evaluate the sde lighting, including entrance hghbng, inspect fighting The lighting will be adequately shielded or directed to mimmize on- and offsde impacts, to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department s • ~ ... . 13.0 Aesthetics ~~ ~ -P _ i,^'.. .. y3'k ~"~Y axi.m rl ~ .. yy §.4i" .. - . .:. kn/"F .~ .. ~~~""~~~~ 'k 13-4 Prior to recordation for each phase, the developer will provide the telephone numbers of persons to contact if there BO B Developer to D 1 are complaints about noise, odors, rnght-fighting, etc from provide numbers to City activmes on the prolect sde This information should be displayed on a sign visible from the entrance to the development This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Bwlding and Safety Department 13-5 Prior to issuance of budding permds the developer will CP B Developer to C prepare a detailed landscaping and wall treatment plan forthe submit landscape p Phase 1 area along the "Lower West Collector," to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department Speaal attention plans to City for shall be given to the landscape treatments along Etiwanda rewew and approval Avenue and East Avenue and at entrances to the protect 14.0 Cultural Resources ~ .';'~`~~`~ ~ ~ t; -~ 14-1 A qualified paleontologist shall conduct a Cp g - i.bsl.; u, , x Devel t A B D preconstruction field survey of the prolect site The oper o , , 2 _ ~ , paleontologist shall submit a report of findings that will also retain paleo to (~ provide speafic recommendaticnsregording further mitigation survey site measures (i e , paleontological monitoring) that may be appropriate Where mitigation monitoring is appropriate, the N program must include, but not be limited to, the following measures • Assign a paleontological monitor, trained and equipped to allow the rapid removal of fossils with minimal construction delay, to the site full-time during the interval of earth-disturbing achvdies, • Should fossils be found within an area being cleared or graded, divert earth-disturbing achwties elsewhere until the monitor has completed salvage If construction personnel make the discovery, the grading contractor should immediately divert construction and notify the monitor of the find, and Submit summary report to City of Rancho Cucamonga Transfer collected specimens with a copy of the report to San Bernardino County Museum .. .. .. ~ -• -. - - . - .. resources are ~~~~~ ~••-~•..y, ...z developer will Cp C Developer will A r , 4 retain a qualified archaeologist to momlor construction retain archaeo activities, to take appropriate measures to protect or preserve monitor them for study With the assistance of the archaeologist, the City of Rancho Cucamonga will • Enact interim measures to protect undesignated sties from demolrtron or signrficant modfication mnthout an opporturnty for the Crty to establish rts archaeological value, • Consider establishing provisions to requue incorporation of archaeological sites within new developments, using their special qualities as a theme or focal point, • Pursue educating the public about the area's archaeological heritage, • Propose mitigation measures and recommend conditions of approval to eliminate adverse protect effects on significant, important, and unique prehistoric resources, following appropriate CEQA guidelines, • Prepare atechnicalresources managementreport, documenting the inventory, evaluation, and proposed mitigation of resources within the protect area Submit one copy of the completed report with original illustrations, to the San Bernardino County Archaeological Information Center for permanent archiving, and • If artifacts of Native American (NA) origin are discovered, offiaal representatives ofthe NA group will be consulted to determine the most appropriate disposition of the artfacts, to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department m agreement with County Museum and the NA rou 15.0'Agricditural Resources ~-~ -~eY '~' ~ ~~ -;,-~. 'b'-~~.. ~: ~<;~, _ ~+'6 e.:.kr ? None Required w 16:0„Recreation .~` jy K , ~~^~~~~~:.~,; ' ;;~~~~ ~~,;. , , y 'f+"I .,~ _ ~ tA' Ri.YY ,S. ' 3~. SYi.;h a' _ ip.F+,i le t~s ~Y -a°3.~ ad. '&Ft' 16-1 The applicant will submit conceptual park design and CP B Developer to C 2 landscaping plans to the City subtect to the approval of the submit park plans Cny Piannmg Department to Crty for review and approval • • i • Key to Checklist Abbreviations Responsible Person Monitoring Frequency Method of Verification ~ ~ Sanctions CDD -Community Development Duector or designee A -With Each New Development A - On-site Inspection 1 -Withhold Recordation of Final Map CP -City Planner or designee CE -City Engineer or designee B -Prior To Construction 8 -Other Agency Permit /Approval 2 -Withhold Grading or Budding Permit BO - Bwltling Official or designee C -Throughout Construction D - On Completion C -Plan Check D S 3 - Withhold Certificate of Occupancy PO -Police Captain or designee E -Operating - eparate Submittal (Reports / Studies /Plans) 4 -Stop Work Order FC -Fire Chief or designee 5 -Retain Deposit or Bonds 6 -Revoke CUP 1~ RESOLUTION NO 04-76 A RESOLUTION OF THE PLANNING COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF RANCHO CUCAMONGA, CALIFORNIA, DECLARING INTENT TO PURSUE A CHANGE OF ORGANI7ATION AND REQUESTING THE LOCAL AGENCY FORMATION COMMISSION TO INITIATE PROCEEDINGS FOR THE ANNEXATION OF PROPERTY GENERALLY LOCATED NORTH OF THE SCE CORRIDOR BETWEEN ETIWANDA AVENUE AND EAST AVENUE- AS DESCRIBED IN EXHIBIT "A", ATTACHED AND AS SHOWN ON EXHIBIT "B," ATTACHED A Recatals 1 A Final Environmental Impact Report (EIR) has been presented to this Commission in contunction with the Commission's consideration of SUBTT14749, Development Agreement DRC2003-00411, and request for Annexation DRC2003-01051 2 The above-descnbed properties are located withm and consistent with the established Sphere of Influence of the City, and contiguous to current City limits, and • 3 The temtory proposed to be annexed is uninhabited (as defined under LAFCO), and a • descnption of the boundanes of the temtory is set forth in Exhibit "A" attached hereto and by this reference incorporated herein, and 4 On June 9, 2004, the Planning Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga conducted duly noticed public heanngs on the applications All legal prerequisites pnor to the adoption of this Resolution have occurred 6 The annexation of the property will represent a logical extension of the City's boundanes and urban services, and 7 It is the City's intention to provide the usual and necessary urban services to the area upon annexation, as outlined rn the Plan of Services attached to the staff report for this project, and incorporated herein by reference, and 8 The City has deterrrnned that the annexation of the properties would be beneficial to the public purposes of the City, in that the properties will provide for development within the City in a manner consistent with the City's General Plan and with related development, and 9 By Resolution No 04-75, the Planning Commission has certified the Enwronmental Impact Report (EIR) prepared for the protect as being in compliance with the regwrements of the California Environmental Quality Act (Public Resources Code Section 21000 et seq) for purposes of • taking action on the Tentative Tract Map and has recommended that the City Council certify the EIR for purposes of taking action on the related annexation PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-76 ANNEXATION DRC2003-01051 -TRAIGH PACIFIC . June 9, 2004 Page 2 B Resolution NOW, THEREFORE, it is hereby found, determined, and resolved by the Planning Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga as follows 1 This Commission hereby speafically finds that all of the facts set forth in the Rentals, Part A, of this Resolution are true and correct 2 Based upon the facts and information contained in the record of this protect, the Planning Commission makes the following findings and statements, and takes the following actions, pursuant to the California Environmental Quality Act ("CEQA") (Public Resources Code Section 21000 et seq) a The Protect that has been evaluated under CEQA involves a senes of actions related to the annexation of land from unincorporated San Bernardino County into the City of Rancho Cucamonga, the approval of a General Plan Amendment, Etiwanda North Spenfic Plan Amendment, Tentative Tract Map No 14749 ("TTM 14749") and the assonated Development Agreement The proposed protect includes 269 single-family housing units on approxmately 168 8 acres and inGudes a 3 1 acre neighborhood park, 2 7 acre equestnan park, 44 acre equestnan trail, and 61 5 acres of • remainder lots for flood control purposes The gross density of the protect is approximately 1 59 dwelling units per acre, a net density of 2 5 units per acre, a minimum lot size of 8,400 square feet, and an average lot size of 11,600 square feet b The City of Rancho Cucamonga, acting as the lead agency, prepared the Draft Environmental Impact Report ("Draft EIR") for the Protect (State Cleannghouse No 2003081085) The Draft EIR was nrculated fora 45-day public review and comment penod from December 5, 2003 through January 28, 2004 Comments were received dunng that penod and wntten responses were prepared and sent to all commentors Those comments and the responses thereto have been included in the Final EIR, as have the appendices to the Draft EIR Those documents together compose the Final EIR c The Planning Commission finds that the Final EIR was completed pursuant to the CEQA, and the State Gwdelines for Implementation of CEQA, 14 California Code of Regulations, Section 15000, et seq ("the Gwdelines") By Resolution No 04-75, the Planning Commission has certified the EIR as being in compliance with the regwrements of the CEQA d The Planning Commission finds that the Final EIR was presented to the Planning Commission and that the Planning Commission reviewed and considered the information in the Final EIR and has reached its own conclusions with respect to the Protect and as to whether and how to recommend approval of vanous components of the protect approvals before makings its recommendation in this Resolution • e The Planning Commission finds that the Final EIR represents the independent tudgment of the Planning Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga and adequately addresses the impacts of the Protect and imposes appropnate mitigation measures for the Protect -~ PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-76 ANNEXATION DRC2003-01051 - TRAIGH PACIFIC . June 9, 2004 Page 3 f The Planning Commission finds, based upon the Initial Study, the Final EIR, public comments, public agency comments, and the entire record before it, that the Protect may create significant impacts in the areas of Earth Resources, Water Resources, TransportatioNCirculation, Air Quality, Biological Resources, Hazards, Noise, Public Services, Utilities, Aesthetics, and Cultural Resources The proposed protect will also contnbute incrementally to cumulatively considerable impacts related to land use, flood control, water quality from urban runoff, loss of alluvial fan sage scrub, hazardous matenal dumping, congestion of evacuation routes, overcrowded schools, inadequate utilities, and loss of views With respect to the impacts to all of these resources and services, the EIR identifies mitigation measures for each of those impacts that will substantially lessen the impacts g Implementation of mitigation measures identified in the Final EIR will substantially mitigate many of the environmental impacts descnbed in paragraph f of this Section, to the extent feasible, as descnbed in Exhibit A of Resolution No 04-75, which is incorporated herein by reference The Final EIR also identifies significant adverse impacts that cannot be fully mitigated or avoided, including impacts from short-term impacts on air quality from construction-related emissions, long-term impacts on air quality from protect emissions, and biological resources h The Final EIR describes a range of altematrves to the Protect that might fulfill basic . obtectrves of the Protect These altematrves include the required "No Protect-No Development" altematrve, and the "No Protect -Open Space" altematrve, the "Reduced Density" altematrve, the Modified Site Plan (Gustered)" altematrve, and the "Rural Density' Alternative As set forth in the Exhibit A of Resolution No 0475, the altematrves identified in the EIR are not feasible because they would not achieve the basic obtectrves of the Protect or would do so only to a much smaller degree and, therefore, leave unaddressed the significant economic, infrastructure, and General Plan goals that the Protect is intended to accomplish, and are thus infeasible due to socal and economic considerations, and/or they are infeasible because they would not eliminate the adverse environmental impacts of the proposed Protect Accordingy, the Planning Commission recommends that the Gty Council find each of the altematrves is infeasrble i Mitigation measures descnbed in the Mitigation Monitoring Program will avoid or substantially lessen the potentially significant environmental effects of the Protect Further, the environmental, physical, social, economic and other benefits of the Protect, as set forth in this Section and Resolution No 04-75, and speafically Exhibit A thereto, which is incorporated herein by this reference, outweigh any unavoidable, significant, adverse impacts that may occur as a result of the Protect, including short-term impacts on air quality from construction-related emissions, cumulative long-term impacts on air quality from protect emissions, and impacts to biological resources Therefore, due to ovemding benefits of the Protect and because the altematrves identified in the EIR are not feasible, as discussed in paragraph i above, the Planning Commission hereby recommends that the City Council find that any unavoidable impacts of the Protect, including the mitigated but unavoidable impacts from short-term impacts on air quality from construction- related emissions, long-term impacts on air quality from protect emissions, and impacts to biological resources are acceptable based on the findings contained herein and in Resolution No 04-75 and the staff report, which are incorporated herein by this reference This determination shall constitute • the Planning Commission's recommendation to the City Council for a statement of ovemding considerations within the meaning of CEQA and is based on any one of the following environmental and other benefits of the Protect identified in the Final EIR and the record of the Planning Commission's proceedings ~ ~ ~h PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-76 ANNEXATION DRC2003-01051 -TRAIGH PACIFIC June 9, 2004 Page 4 i Providing for the use of land consistent with the established polices and goals of the City of Rancho Cucamonga General Plan, Etiwanda North Specfic Plan, City Development Code, and all other City Development gwdelines, Annexing the protect site into the City of Rancho Cucamonga, m Integrating the project with the character of the surrounding neighborhoods and establish a development that results in logical, coordinated growth, iv Establishing aprotect-wide crculation system that meets regional and local transportation needs and accommodates both vehicles and pedestnans, v Providing a system of public/community faclities, inGuding trails, open space areas, and landscaping to support the residents of the protect and surrounding area in an effiaent and timely manner, vi Limiting Impacts to surrounding uses and residents, and to the community character, vii Providing backbone public infrastructure (i a roads, utilities) to serve protect residents and the surrounding community, . viu Minimizing impacts to, and generate revenues in excess of costs for, vanous public service agenaes, and ix Providing quality housing opportunities compatible with existing and planned development that responds to market demands ~ The Planning Commission recommends that the Mitigation Measures in the FINAL EIR that correspond to the environmental impacts which may result from the Project be adopted and made a condition of approval of, or incorporated into, the Project The Planning Commission also recommends that the City Councl adopt the "Mitigation Monitonng Plan" attached hereto as Exhibit C The Mitigation Monitonng Plan will be used to monitor compliance with the mitigation measures and conditions that have been adopted or made a condition of Protect approval as set forth in this Section of this Resolution and Exhibit C of this Resolution 3 Based upon the substantial evidence presented to this Commission dunng the above-referenced public heanng on June 9, 2004, including wntten and oral staff reports, together vnth public testimony, and the consideration of the contents of the Final EIR in contunction with reviewing Tentative Tract Map SUBTT14749, Development Agreement DRC2003-00411, and the request for Annexation DRC2003-01051, this Commission hereby recommends that the Cdy Councl as governing body of the City of Rancho Cucamonga initiate proceedings for a Change of Organization (Annexation) for the subject properties pursuant to the Cortese-Knox-Hertzberg Local Govemment Reorganization Act of 2000, Division 3, Commencng with Section 56000 of the California Govemment Code, and, i 4 The Planning Commission recommends that the proposed annexation be subject to the following terms and conditions iO PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-76 ANNEXATION DRC2003-01051 - TRAIGH PACIFIC June 9, 2004 Page 5 1) The area proposed for annexation to be developed as proposed Tentative Track Map 14749 and subject to all conditions of approval and mitigation measures The property owner has requested this annexation by the City of Rancho Cucamonga The City is, therefore, requesting that the Local Agency Formation Commission approve the proposal with the waiver of further conducting authonty proceedings as authonzed by Govt Code Section 56663(c) 2) The proposed annexation shall be subject to all standard conditions required by the Local Agency Formation Commission The Secretary to this Commission shall certify to the adoption of this Resolution APPROVED AND ADOPTED THIS 9TH DAY OF JUNE 2004 PLANNING COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF RANCHO CUCAMONGA BY Rich Macias, Chairman ATTEST Brad Buller, Secretary I, Brad Buller, Secretary of the Plannrg Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga, do hereby certify that the foregoing Resolution was duly and regularly introduced, passed, and adopted by the Planning Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga, at a regular meeting of the Planning Commission held on the 9th day of June 2004, by the following vote-to-wit AYES COMMISSIONERS NOES COMMISSIONERS NOES COMMISSIONERS "C" 1 CITY OF RANCHQ CUCAMONGA Ol)N 0 3 2004 RECENED -PLANNING Exhibit "A" Annexation to the City of Rancho Cucamonga LAFCO No. That parcel of land m an umncorporated area of Rancho Cucamonga, being all of the NW Quarter, and the West Half of the Northeast Quarter of Section 21, Townslupl North, Range 6 West, San Bemazdino Meridian, in the County of San Bernazdino, State of Cahforma, more particularly descnbes as follows: BEGINNING at a northeast corner of the existing boundary of the City of Rancho Cucamonga, as established on "LAFCO No. 2879", said point also being the Northwest Comer of sazd Section 21, Thence leaving sazd existing city boundary line and continuing easterly along the northerly line of said Section 21 the following courses: 1 North 89°14'16" East, 1325.26 feet, 2 North 89° 14'56" East, 1325.25 feet, North 89° 14' 48" West, 1324 89 feet to the northeast comer of the West Half of the Northeast Quarter of said Section 21, 4 Thence southerly along the east line of said west half, South 00° 00'55" West, 2641 71 feet to the Southeast comer of said west half; Thence continuing westerly along the southerly tine of the North Half of said Section 21 the following courses 5 South 89° 16'39" West, 1324.88 feet; 6. South 89° 17'08" West, 1325 19 feet; 7 South 89° 14' 13" West, 1324.98 feet to a point on the west line of said Section 21, being also a point on the existing boundary of the City of Rancho Cucamonga as established by sazd LAFCO No 2879; 8 Thence continuing northerly along the existing city boundary line and said sectton Ime, North 00° 00'30" East, 2640 16 feet to the POINT OF BEGINNING F ~ 50 Page 1 of 2 ~~ This proposed annexation contains 240 97 acres, more or less This legal descnphon was prepared by me or under my duechon. By Robert D Vasquez, L S 7300 Deputy County Surveyor Date Job No. Prepared by RDV ^J S~ u Page 2 of 2 EXHIBIT 'B' NW 1/4, AND W 1/2, NE 1/4 OF SECTION 21 T 1 N, R 6 W, S B M N X CCQ SE[ 21 C NE LW Loco i3zava o1-m N1gOq~®W~®N°I C~4Q® X LT LINE OF SEC 21 11N gfiN 50N 109 ]1 16'E 1325 M N09 f1 Sfi f 1325 25 GRAPHIC 6ULE 1'-6000 z25-OB}26 0 0 20]9 600 0 600 1200 ETIXYgA TE9 A111EMAT39N @ 225-063-f0 ® ~ 223beJ-26 6S ® g ®® j z q ~ 9 / D a ~ @ a OQ~ ffi9 l~ ~ w ' 49 q, W®9~ EA p, EGEND b ® ~ L E%ISTING CRY OF RANCHO CUCAMONGA ® °z < ~ zz}oe3-o6 zz5-oe}o i 1 • 1 • BOUNDARY LINE }3 H zz5-90}z2 I PROPOSED ANNE%ATION BOUNDARY a !~ ~ g F- W 1 J @ ~I 2z5-OB}05 \~~///iii THIS ANNE%ATION PROPOSAL CONTAINS E) / n 21097 ACRES, MORE OR LESS ~ N PROPOSED 4(iWp D4®A% I ~~E]/~OSFLX212 I B9 fd d5'E 132d B9 -' 1 ~ y d y 225-081-Od 225-OBd-03 - ~ W ~ n R P ~ Z d 6 ~' @ 7 PPQ (3 a ~~~ p IY ~ g 6 N C3 Q ~ rn ~~~ ~ ® ~ P EA 225-OBd-02 ~ ~ ~ zzs-oed-o5 QIfIEP 1/d SEL 21 ® x /. E I/1 ~CN21/L 689 1d 19'N 1321 OB "~ ~ I\ S00 1] 00® 1925 19 ~A LOP O `6 LY LINE Oi THEN 1/2 66L 21 T1M. P6M 6BM z1 UDgOq~®W~®WA4Q® 4Q90W 04®W4f N E [OP 5EL 21 AFFECTED AGENCIES SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY SURVEYOR CRY OF RANCHO CUCAMONGA B2S E Tnirtl Street Sen Barnertllno, CA 92435-0835 °"°"" ""°"""" "°°°""° ANNEXATION TO THE CITY oA ~ EL c MOYE OF RANCHO CUCAMONGA 9 ''fix 1°SL9xwowo fAFCO NO LOCATED e..e FAST OF ETIWANDA/NORTH OF WILSON AVE r.N1 m .n rm wn ,-- -~ 1'- fi00 1 1 MITIGATION MONITORING CHECKLIST Project File No.: SCH# 2003081085 Tract Development Proiect Applicant: _ Tracy Development Prepared by: Kent Norton -Michael Brandman Associates Date: April 28. 2004 - •• - - ... -. ' m~~.,,.,NS..,,, 1.0 Land Use antl Planning "~ .~: ~ ., - ~~ 1-1 Prrorto recordation of each phase or issua f ".~ L`~ ~„~ " ° ~ ,. "P'.., a Y,?. ~ , ,c~ . ,'~ a tW, S- ~~+^'~ nt,°Y~'Y~r, b...~?„ ~'r , nce o grading permits for each phase, the applicant shall submit and obtain CP Pnor to Recordation or C, D 2 ~ approval of a landscape plan that demonstrates coin Hance P recordation grading permit , with the City of Rancho Cucamonga's Neighborhood Theme or issuance issuance Plan in the Etiwanda North Specific Plan to the satisfaction of of grading , the City Planning Department permits for each phase 2.0 Population and Hou i ~ ~ ~ s ng ~_ t ;- g;~ a `; ~" ~ °* ; x.,~~~xt ~ ~ M,~ `;`fl ~ , ~~~~"~~- :~ ' - ~ y~ ~ . None Regmred ,:~ ~ , ~ 3.0 Earth Resources ~ ~~" ~ i~ x3r ~ ;"~ -ro ~*,,~x~~'= ~ «..,~ s' ~aw~: s P'~ . ~_ ~w.. R m: x. ~~,~; ~ ii S~ i~ly9 kx~ e~ ~j.,f ~~ - v , , ~ 3-1 Prior to the issuance of building permits, the developer BO B shall demonstrate that each lot is buldable & complies with Prior to bulding C p the recommendations and general earthwork and grading permit issuance specdications found in the RMA Group Geotechnical Investigation (DEIR Appendix C) This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Bwlding Official 3-2 Pnor to the issuance of grading permts and/or BO B Pnor to grading C 1 2 recordation of each phase, a detailed geologic and permit issuance , geotechnical investigation shall be prepared and approved for and/or recordation the residential bulding areas and all roads The report shall of each phase demonstrate that each lot is buildable and identify potential geologic and soil limitations and recommend appropriate engineering and design measures to adequately protect structures and inhabitants This report shall also examine the I drainage area adjacent to East Ebwanda Creek to identity potential landslide, erosion, or other slopes that could affect the residential area Subsequent foundation and other design guidelines in these studies shall be consistent with the standards established in the RMA Group Geotechnicai Investigation (DEIR Appendix C) This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer `~ C a • • • V1 ~ 3.0 Earth Resource ~ ~ - ~'~~~°'~ t s .. ~ ~ ~~ -. "' a s a +~ _ .. ~° m~~~~~:zr° ^~ T. ~• v xa,~; ~~:. 33 Pnor to the issuance of grading permits and/or recordation, construction measures recommended by the BO 8 Pnor to grading C ~, 2 detailed geological investigation identfed in Measure 3-2 permit issuance shall be identified on grading plans and implemented to the and/or recordation satisfaction of the City Engineer 3-4 Prior to the issuance of a gradmg permit for each phase , the developer shall prepare and submit a Dust Control Plan to B0 B C Pnor to gradmg A, C 2, q the City that meets all applicable requirements of the permit issuance SCAOMD The Plan must be approved by the City Building for each phase and Safety Department, prior to issuance of the grading permit and demonstrate that methods are in place to assure the following a)Areas disturbed by construction activities and/or used to store backfill materials, will be sprayed with water at least twice a day, in the morning and afternoon, or more often if fugitive dust is observed migrating from the sde b)Storage piles, which are to be left in place for more than three working days shall either be sprayed with anon-toxic soil binder or covered with plastic or revegetated until placed in use c)Tires of vehicles will be washed before the vehicle leaves the protect site and enters a paved road d)Dirt on paved surfaces shall be removed daily to minimize generation of fugitive dust 3-5 Prior to the issuance of building permits, where cut and CP B Prior to building A 2 fill slopes are created higher than three feet, a detailed permit Issuance Landscape and Irrigation Plan shall be submitted to the Clty Planning Department prior to grading plan approval The plans shall be reviewed for type and density of ground cover, shrubs, and trees, and shall be consistent with the Neighborhood Theme Plan of the Etiwanda North Specific Plan This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planner 3-6 Prior to the issuance of building permits, graded, but BO B, C Prior to building A, C 2, 3 undeveloped land shall be maintained weed-free and planted permit issuance with mtenm landscaping within ninety days of completion of grading, unless building permits are obtained This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Building Offiaal ~ .. -. 3.0 Earth Resour esa~~~~°= _ J ~ ~ ` - y~ ' ~~ 1 • ~ ~ _ -• . _ • ~ 1 ~ O f _ ~ ~{}~'i-r' i'OM~n''^u y° h~ R[ '+ sv ~ " ' ; r .# ~ ir{ ~ b/ ~ r ,k y.fe n A 2p 6Y.., ~ r 3-7 Pnor to the issuance of occupancy permds, planting of CE B, C Pnor to A C 3 developed land shall comply with the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Best Management occupancy permit , Practices Construction Handbook Section 6 2 This measure issuance shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer 3-8 Prior to the issuance of building permits, all grading shall b BO B, C Prior to bulding A C e conducted in conformance with the recommendations , p contained within the Geotechnical Report included as DEIR permit issuance Appendix B This measure shall be implemented to the satisfacLOn of the Cdy Engineer 4.0 Water Resources ~ ~ ~ ~' ri~ ~ ~~~. 4-1 Prior to the issuance of a grading permit, the developer CE B Prior to grading A C 2 shall obtain Clean W ater Act Section 401 and 404 permits (for permit issuance , water quality certification for dredge and fill operations), if necessary, from the U S Army Corps of Engineers Copies of the same shall be provided to City Bwldmg and Safety This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer 4-2 Prior to issuance of the first occupancy permit, the CE B Prior to issuance 8 3 planned revetment along the East Etiwanda Channel adjacent of first occupancy to the project site shall be installed, subject to approval by the permit San Bernardino County Flood Control District and receipt of that approval to the City Engineer 4-3 Prior to the recordation of each phase or approval of a CE B Prior to the A, B, C 1, 2 grading permit, the project proponent will implement the on- recordation of and off-site drainage system improvements as outlined in the each phase or project Drainage Study (DEIR Appendix D) This includes approval of a detention faalities proposed at 24th Street (Wilson Avenue) grading permit and Etiwanda Creek or onsite, participation in The County's Etiwanda Creek fee program, and participation in the City of Rancho Cucamonga's Etiwanda/San Sevaine Area Drainage Policy program, including appropriate fair share fees Implementallon of this measure is subject to review and approval by the City Engineer prior to issuance of a grading permd 1, c,l V^I 0 4-4 Prior to issuance of building permits, the applicant shall CE - B ...-..a _, ~r,~;.n -.vim.-,-„a ...---•• submit to the City Engineer for approval of a Water Quality Pnor to bwldmg D p Management Plan (WpMP), including a protect descnption permit issuance and identifying Best Management Practices (BMPs) that will be used on-site to reduce pollutants into the storm dram system to the maximum extent practicable The W DMP shall identify the structural and non-structural measures consistent with the Guidelines for New Development and Redevelopment adopted by the City of Rancho Cucamonga June 2000 4-5 Prior to issuance of grading or paving permits, applicant shall submit to the City Engineer a Notice of Intent (NOI) t CE B Prior to grading or D 2 o comply with obtaining coverage under the National Pollutant paving permits Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) General Construction Storm Water Permit from the State Water Resources Control Board Evidence that this has been obtained (i e , a copy of the Waste Dischargers Identification Number) shall be submitted to the City Engineer forcoverage underthe NPDES General Construction Permit 4-6 Prior to the issuance of building permits, drainage and flood control facilities and improvements shall be designed CE B Pnor to bwldmg A, C 2 and constructed in accordance with the San Bernardino permit issuance County Flood Control District regwrements, as applicable This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the County Flood Control District and receipt of approval by the City Engineer 4-7 Pnor to issuance of a grading permit, the developer will CE B Prior to grading C 2 pay the required drainage fee related to the San Bernardino permit issuance County Flood Control District Etiwanda Creek watershed This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the County Flood Control District and receipt of approval by the Crty Engineer - .. , ... 5.0 Transportation and Clrculation'~`~ ~~~`~"_`` ; ~~`"~' ~~~ Y p1 , y~, ,,.,.~, „ , ,_ ,,,, , •. • 5-1 Pnor to the issuance of the first occu anc p y permit forthe , _ ~, q "~~~~~ ~ "~ ~ '~~ ~ ~- ~ ~ ' f- , , , ~ protect, the following intersections are protected to be CE p Prwr to first g, p 3 warranted for traffic signals by opening year occupancy permit • Day Creek Boulevard (NS) at Banyan Avenue (EW) issuance • Day Creek Boulevard (NS) at SR-210 West Bound Ramp (EW) • Day Creek Boulevard (NS) at SR-210 East Bound Ramp (EW) • Etiwanda Avenue (NS) at Banyan Avenue (EW) • Etiwanda Avenue (NS) at Wilson Avenue (EW) • East Avenue (NS) at Banyan Avenue (EW) The applicant shall make a fair share contnbution as , identified in the protect traffic report, to the traffic signal mitigation program of the County of San Bernardino and/or City of Rancho Cucamonga, as appropriate This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Cdy Engineer 5-2 Pnor to the issuance of budding permts for each phase CE C , the protect shall incorporate bus turn-outs and/or shelters if Pnor to budding A, B, C 2 required by Omni-Trans and/or the Transportation permit issuance for each phase Commission The protect applicant shall consult with and obtain clearance from these agencies to assure compliance with the Regional Mobility and Au Quality Management Plans Confirmation of contact and compliance with their requirements shall 6e provided to the City Engineer This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer 5-3 Prior to the issuance of bulding permits for each phase , the applicant shall pay a fair share basis for off-site CE g Prior to building C 2 improvements as identified m the protect traffic report This permit issuance measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City for each phase Engineer, including but not limited to the following • 24'" Avenue (Wilson Avenue) from Etiwanda Avenue tc Day Creek, • Day Creek Boulevard from 24'" (Wilson) to Highland Avenue, - 24'" (Wilson) between Etiwanda Avenue and Wardman Bullock Road, and • East Avenue from south of the protect limit to 23rd Street • ~,II n • - 5.0 Trans ~ ~~~ portation and ClFculation "~ ` °~ , %, <~' 5 4 P ~ ~ ,"~' ~~'~, a'~'* ~ -. `..,,r w: s-r%"'i'', .~X . x .. ~. ~ ,m.s, anc~"~-,y„ .. .. .r*r, ....~.? °iG .. as .a. ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~,,~~_~~~ ~; ~'q°-:~ _ - nor to the issuance of bwlding permts for each phase, the applicant shall pay a'Yav share" contribution towards off- CE B Pnor to budding C 2 site impacts to linked roadways and intersections as outlined permit issuance , in the protect traffic report The protect share of the cost has for each phase been calculated based on the proportion of the protect peak hour traffic contributed to the improvement location relative to the total new peak hour Year 2015 traffic volume The prclect's fair share of identified intersection and roadway knk cost is $63,818 as of the date of the traffic study This measure shall be implemented to the satisfachon of Crt y Engineer, including any changes in the project's fair share contribution due to changes m the Consumer Price Index or similar public works measures 5-5 Pnor to issuance of an occupancy permd for the first CE D Pnor to ivst A residential unit, the developer shall construct East Avenue occupancy permit 3 and Etiwanda Avenue to City standards, as outlined in the issuance project traffic report These improvements will be made to the satisfaction of the Cdy Engineer 5-6 Pnor to the issuance of grading permits, the developer CE B Pnor to grading A D 2 shall coordinate all construction-related activities to minimize permit issuance , congestion and delay on local roadways, to the satisfaction of Crty Engineer .. - . - . .. ... ., ,~~~~w,~~,-~ 5.0 Transportation and Clrculation~~~~ ~; , ,; , -. - - .. - . . 5-7 Prior to the issuance of radm r ~ ,~~ 9 g permits, the developer sh ll ~'~ ~ *+dE~~c~~i.°:. ~ 6 .,,~sk'e u :ru ~ y k ~ ~.T,y„ , t .~„m , ~ ~ ~ !, 3,E~~.,2;,~:~~"e --, ~ 3s °- .^~; a submd a Dust Control Plan (DCP) to the Cdy Bwldmg p B Pnor to grading p and Safety Department consistent with SCAQMD gwdelines The DCP shall include activities to reduc permit issuance 2 e on-site and on-site dust production This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Budding Official Such achvdies shall include, but are not limited to, the following a)Throughoutgrading andconstruction activdies,exposedsod shall be kept moist through a minimum of twice daily watering to reduce fugitive dust b)Street sweeping shall be conducted, when visible soil accumulations occur along site access roadways to remove dirt dropped by construction vehicles or dried mud carved off by trucks moving dirt or bringing construction materials Sde - access driveways and adjacent streets will be washed if there are visible signs of any dirt track-out at the conclusion of any workday c)AIl trucks hauling dirt away from the site shall be covered to prevent the generation of fugitive dust d)Dunng high wind condmons (i e , vend speeds exceeding 25 mph), areas with disturbed soil will be watered hourly, and achvi6es on unpaved surfaces shall be terminated unBl wind speeds no longer exceed 25 mph 6.0 Alr Quality : ~~ -,. ~_ -; ;~~~ ~"~;~~~>~ ~~~~ ~~ r - - ` - .'~ - - 6-1 During construction, all construchon equipment shall be ~ ' ,~ .~.~:~< _ , _ maintained in good operating condition so as to reduce BC C City Inspectors to A q operational emissions Contractor shall ensure that all monitor during construction equipment is being properly serviced and construction maintained as per manuTacturers' specrfications Maintenance records shall be available at the construction sde for Cd verrficatwn 6-2 Prior to the issuance of any grading permits, developer CP B Developer to C D 2 shall submit construchon plans to Cdy denoting the proposed submd , schedule and protected equpment use Construction documentation of contractors shall provide evidence that low emission mobile compliance construction equipment will be utilized, or that their use was investigated and fountl to be infeasible for the project Contractors shall also conform to any construction measures Ctty Inspectors to A imposed by the South Coast Air duality Management District monitor 4 (SCAQMD) as well as City Planning Staff compliance • i • T i .0 AlrQuelity ..r ,~. _ ,.;...,,. .. ,~.~,,,r- etazyas~ ~T ~- .. •. ?;~ .: . „_..., - . . , 6-3 Dunng construction, all paints and coatings shall meet or BO C City Inspectors to A exceed performance standards noted in SCAQMD Rule 1113 4 Paints and coatings shall be applied either by hand or high monitor volume, low-pressure spray, to the satisfaction of the City I t compliance during painting nspec ors 6-4 During construction, all asphalt shall meet or exceed BO C City Inspectors to A performance standards noted in SCAQMD Rule 1108 to the 4 , satisfaction of the City Inspectors monitor compliance during pawng 6-5 During grading and construction, the prime contractor BO C City Inspectors to A shall post signs requning that trucks shall not be left idling for q prolonged periods (i e , in excess of 10 minutes) monitor compliance dunng 6-6 Dunng construction, all conslructon egwpment shall constructton comply with SCAQMD Rules 402 and 403 to the satisfaction B0 C City Inspectors tc A q , of the City Inspectors Additionally, contractors shall include monitor the following provisions compliance • Reestablish ground cover on the construction site during construction through seeding and watering, • Pave or apply gravel to any on-site haul roads, • Schedule actiwhes to minimize the amounts of exposed excavated soil during and after the end of work periods, • Dispose of surplus excavated material in accordance with local ordinances and use sound engineering practices, • Sweep streets according to a schedule established by the City rf silt is carved over to adjacent public thoroughfares or occurs as a result of hauling Timing may vary depending upon time of year of construcbon, • Suspend grading operations dunng high winds (i e , wind speeds exceeding 25 mph) in accordance with Rule 403 requirements, and • Maintain a minimum 24•inch freeboard ratio on soils haul trucks or cover payloads using tarps or other swtable means ~ ~f ^- ~~i ` ~ . .. . - ~ .. - nygpr. , ~. .. . v .. treated with water or 2d by SCAOMD and BO B City Inspectors to A, D q ud [RWOCB]) daily to monitor :e with SCAOMD Rule compliance led to the satisfaction of during grading ived by SCAOMD and live construction areas BO C City Inspectors to A q more to reduce PM monitor io a implemented to the compiance during construction shall uhhze electric or ~~~a~~ anemauve mei powerea equipment where feasible BO C City Inspectors to A q This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the monitor City Inspectors compliance 6-10 During construction, contractors shall ensure that BO C Ciiy Inspectors to A q construction and grading plans include a statement that work monitor crews will shut off equipment when not in use This measure compliance shall be implemented tc the satisfaction of the City Inspectors during construction 6-11 Priorto approval of bulding permits, the developershall BO B Developer C 2 demonstrate that all residential structures have incorporated submits plans for high efficiency/low polluting heating, air conditioning, approval appliances and water heaters This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Bwlding Official 6-12 Prior to approval of building permits, the developershall BO B Developer C 2 demonstrate that all residential structures have incorporated submits plans for thermal pane windows and weather-stripping This measure approval shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Crty Bwldmg Offical 6-13 Prior to the issuance of bulding permits, the developer CP B Developer C, D 2 shall submit and obtain approval of a plan forthe provision of submits plans for adequate pedestrian and bicycle facilities for protect residents approval throughout the protect The plan shall detail the construction timing for bike racks at the two parks, sidewalks, and trails based upon completion prior to occupancy of the fust unit of the subtect phase This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department U N C~ ~ . ., . . ~ 6.0 AlrQual(ty -`-'~°`~~s~e' ,s _ sr, _ ~ ^;~,'~s~ .--. . ,'.a,,~,.~.<~,,- ~-~ -~ - 6-14 Prior to the issuance of the first occupancy permit, the CE B Developer C, D 2 applicant shall make a fair share contnbution to a park and submits proof of ride facility along the I-15 or I-10 Freeways that would serve fee payment protect residents The far share calculatwn shall be determined to the satisfaction of City Engineer The appltcanl shall place the appropriate fundsin aspecialaccountforsuch purposes This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Cdy Engineer 6-16 Prior to issuance of the first occupancy permit, the CE E Developer shall B, D 3 applicant shall provide a bus stop/shelter at the trailhead park construct bus to OmniTrans standards if so directed by OmniTrans, and to stop/shelter if the satisfaction of the City Engineer needed 7.0 Biological Resources ,= ~~~~~t>ti:r - 7-f If necessary, the applicant shall obtain the appropriate CP B Developer shall B, D 2 federal Clean Water Act (CWA) Section 404 permit from the obtain U S Army Corps of Engineers If a permit is requred, the determination applicant will mitigate any loss of turisdictional land orwetland from USACOE tf areas at a minimum 1 1 ratio, which is consistent with the permit is needed protect delineation report This measure shall be -developer shall implemented to the satisfaction of the Cdy Planning obtain rf needed Department pnor to the issuance of grading permts 7-2 Prior to the issuance of a grading permit, the applicant CP B Developer shall B, D 2 shall obtain a CWA Section 401 Certification from the obtain Regional Water Quality Control Board, if necessary This determination measure shall be tmplemented to the satisfaction of the City from RWQCB if Planning Department prior to the issuance of grading permtts permit is needed -developer shall obtain if needed 7-3 If necessary, the applicant shall obtain a Streambed CP B Developer shall B, D 2 Alteralton Agreement (SAA) from the California Department of obtain Fish and Game If an SAA is required, the applicant will determination mdigate any loss of tunsdictional land at a minimum 1 1 ratio from CDF&G rf as recommended by the protect biology report This measure permit is needed shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning -developer shall Department poor to the issuance of grading permits obtan rf needed • 7.0 Biological Resources ~ ~~~~''~°'^"~"-'~`'`~ .. --~` -. _, •~~ ~ '~'_ ... ., ~~'~~^ ~ , - u 7-4 Prior to the issuance of occupancy permits, all manufactured slopes on the periphery of the development CP D Developer shall A 3 shall be landscaped as approved by Planning staff This install required measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City landscaping Planner, prior to the issuance of occupancy permits for the first unit in each phase Prior to recordation of each phase, the phase map shall contain a note regwnng this measure 7-5 Prior to issuance of a grading permit, the applicant shall CP B Developer shall B D p acgwre and convey to the County Special District OS-1 or provide proof of , other appropriate conservation organization 164 acres of land CSD within or near the NEOSHPP area that supports alluvial fan establishment sage scrub and/or upland sage scrub This measure is proposed to mitigate the potential loss of habitat for sensitive plant and animal species, and the loss of raptorforaging land This offsrte mitigation land (OML) shall be of equal orgreater habitat value than that of the protect site The identification and transfer of OML will be to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department, in accordance with the gwdelines of the NEOSHPP All reasonable efforts will be made to locate the OML within or near the NEOSHPP area This measure shall be implemented to the sabsfaction of the Cdy Planning Department 7-6 Prior to the issuance of grading permits, a protocol CP B Biologist shall D 2 gnatcatcher survey shall be conducted If any individuals or conduct protocol nesting pairs of birds are found onsite, the developer shall surveys before obtain appropnate take authonzation and adddional mitigation grading land shall be added to the amount of Offsite Mitigation Land (OML) described in Measure 7-5 according to the following minimum ratios individual = 15 acres, nested pair = 30 acres If gnatcatchers are found onsite, an Inadental Take Permit would be regwred from the U S Fish & Wildlife Service either by a Section 10(a) permit or through a Section 7 Consultation with the U S Army Corps of Engineers This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department i • • ,Ir • 7.0 Biological Resources ~ - - .. '~~ r~-~~Q ~`~ '~''` -• `~`'"''`~"'~ ~. ~ ~r~,~, ,~- ' ` .,a~ .> .. . ~~~:~°~~~ .. - 7-7 Pnor to the issuance of a grading permit, the developer CP B Biologist shall D 2 shall conduct a protocol survey for the San Bernardino conduct protocol kangaroo rat (SBKR) and the Santa Ana wooly star within surveys before those areas of East Etiwanda Creek within 50 feet of the "punch through" connection of the new northern drainage grading channel to the creek channel This survey is to venfy that these species do not occupy area to be disturbed by construction If SBKR and/or Santa Ana wooly star are found to be present, the developer shall comply with applicable U S Fish and Wildlife Service requirements, which may include obtaining a federal Endangered Species Act Section 10(a) permit or a Section 7 Consultation through the U S Army Corps of Engineers SBKR or wooly star habitat disturbed by construction wdl be miLgated at a minimum ratio of 21 subject to any subsequent USF&WS permit conditions and receipt or notification to the Cdy Planning Department 7-8 If grading of the site has not occurred before February 15 CP B Biologist shall D 2 of 2005, protocol surveys for SBKR and gnatcatchers will be conduct protocol performed over the entue site, and each spring thereafter, surveys before until grading is completed Any occupied habitat found dunng grading those surveys for either spectes will be added to the amount of offsite mitigation land required under the Draft EIR (164 acres) 7-9 The developer to provide an appropriate contribution for CP B Developer shall B 2 the project toward funding a local brown-headed cowbird demonstrate proof trapping program to further benefit gnatcatchers in this area of payment The amount of this contribution, and the location of the trapping program, shall be determined by the Cdy m consultation with the California Department of Fish and Game The contnbution shall be made pnor to grading, to the satisfaction of the Ctty Planning Department in consultation with the California Department of Fish and Game 7-10 Prior to issuance of grading permits, a qualified biologist CP B Biologist shall D 2 shall conduct a survey for nesting birds on the site Any conduct protocol occupied nest shall be avoided and separated by at least 200 surveys before feet from ground-disturbing activities Nesting areas are to be grading marked by orange construction fencing The biologist shall venfy a nest has been abandoned prior to removing the fencing and commencing ground-disturbing activities in any of these areas .. 8.0 Energy arid MineralfResources _~v~ None Requved .. , ... .. a~a ~ ~..~ ~i:=,~~t~"~` 9.0 Hazards "`~"~"'=;~":rs3~s a;`~ C^ y,__ ~~x~~ ~~` d°"7^~~J 4' ~ .y6~~ ~ t ` Y '~ , ~t" ,~ ~ r ; `~-,^• 9-1 Prior to the issuance of radm g g permits the d l ' i ~ ~." ~SY'=~ fKG r~S `~•'~~ ' '" ~ , ~ .. ~~ ~~~ :"~"~~*-" ~ "`~'" , eve oper shall submit a plan to the Rancho Cucamonga Fire Protection CE B Developer shall B, D 2 District (RCFPD) for each phase for the proper clean up of submit plan for any hazardous or toxic substance that is discovered or review and released during construction The plan will regwre the approval by developer to properly clean-up and remove any contaminated RCFPD soil or other material, restore the affected area to background conditions or to regulatory threshold levels for the contaminant(s) accidentally released or discovered and , deliver the contaminated material to an appropriate treatment, recycling, or landfill facility in accordance with the regulations for the type of contaminant accdentally released and collected for management This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the RCFPD 9-2 Each individual lot owner will be required to maintain their BO side and back yards with 30 feet of urigated'Yirewise" Zone 1 E RCFPD to A Notice/Fine for landscaping or equivalent No bwldings are to be built within conduct annual RCFPD to perform this setback area Swimming pools and non-combustible inspections requred work if deck coverings are permissible Any remaining portion of the needed backyard lot will be maintained to either Zone 1 or Zone 2 criteria depending on the lot depth This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Rancho Cucamonga Fue Protecton District 93 Landscape and maintenance for the manufactured BO E RCFPD to A Notice/Fine for slopes common areas will be to Zone 2 criteria These areas may be irrigated, ornamental firewise landscaping or planted conduct annual RCFPD to perform , with natwe Fire resistant plants and trees Access points ~nspecticns regwred work if every 500 feet shall be available to perform annual needed maintenance This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Rancho Cucamonga Fire Protection Distract 1 ^~ 4 s 9.0 Hazards ,~ .. ,d<<~3 -. ~,t~s v „fi,.r.t, .. ~. ,,,rh;;rN .. ~~> ^ ~ t 9-4 A special fuel modification zone easement shall be BO E RCFPD to A Notice/Fine for located outside and adlacent to the northern protect boundary within the electric utility corndor and on flood control district conduct annual RCFPD to perform land where all natwe and exotic vegetation will be treated to inspections regwred work if Zone 2 criteria on a strip of land 50 feet in width Also, a Fuel needed Modification Zone Easement of 75 feet in width volt be created and maintained by the maintenance authority adlacent to the east side of Lot 46, Phase 4 Alternatively, the tentative tract map may be modified to allow an appropriate onsite Fuel Modification Zone along the northern boundary if the electric corridorcannol be used This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Rancho Cucamonga Fue Protection District 9-5 All residential structures within the Tract 14749 BO D RCFPD or City to A 3 development will be bwlt with a Class A Roof Assembly, conduct including a Class A roof covering and attic or foundation inspections ventilation louvers or ventlabon openings m vertical walls shall not exceed 144 square inches per opening These opening shall be covered with Y. inch mesh corrosion- resistant metal screening or other approved material that offers equwalent protection Attic ventilation shall also comply with the regwrements of the Uniform Bwlding Code (U B C ) Ventilation louvers and openings may be incorporated as part of access assemblies This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Rancho Cucamonga Fire Protection Distnct 9-6 A six-foot high solid non-combustible wall shall be CP D Developer to A 3 constructed along the entire length of the north, east and west construct property lines to minimize fue danger This measure shall be perimeter walls implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department 9-7 Prior to the issuance of the first occupancy permit, the CP D Developer to A 3 applicant shall prowde signs along the community trails, prepare and including the west bank of East Etiwanda Creek, that warn install signs per residents of the potential nsk of wildlrfe/human interactions City directron The wording, design, number, and placement of the signs shall be to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department • .. .. ~ . .. `~ ter. w~ X•" f ~" ~ b ~L ~ R J. c f x... F n~ . ,o Tv ik ~. v _ 4 rv 9-8 The applicant shall provide wildlife resistant trash CP D Developer shall A 3 receptacles at the parks and other public facihues to prevent provde requred foraging by local wildlife The design and placement of the facilities receptacles shall be to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department 10.0 Noise ~ 7, ~~~ ~•~ - -,~ - 10-1 Construction or grading noise levels shall not exceed CP C Developer shall A q the standards specified in Development Code Section retain noise 17 02 120-D, as measured at the property line Developer consultant to shall hire a consultant to perform weekly noise level perform requued morntonng as specrfied m Development Code Section monrtonng 17 02 120 Monitoring at other times maybe required by the Planning Dvision Said consultant shall report then findings to the Planning Division within 24 hours, however, if noise levels exceed the above standards, then the consultant shall immediately notify the Planning Diwsion If noise levels exceed the above standards, then construction activities shall be reduced in intensity to a level of compliance with above noise standards or halted 10-2 During construction, haul truck deliveries shall not take BO C City Inspectors to A 4 place between the hours of 6 00 p m and 6 30 a m on monitor weekdays, including Saturday, or at any time on Sunday or a compliance national holiday Additionally, if heavy trucks used for hauling during would exceed 100 daily trips (counting both to and from the construction construction site), then the developer shall prepare a noise mdigahon plan denoting any construction traffic haul routes To the extent feasible, the plan shall denote haul routes that do not pass sensitive land uses or residential dwellings • s s l1 • • • • 10.0 Noise ~- tior ~; +~ z~ .. -nt,. ~ z, ~ . _ ~, .r,%s^i ~ 1... ¢,q."U„{'altl y~~ ~. ~ "xz,.r_s°'er `._ , -. .. r~s'~,,.~.~z..~,~ .r ~,rr-,.-, .. 10-3 Prwr to the issuance of grading and budding permits for BO B Developer to D 2 each phase, the developer shall confvm to Building and submit Safety m wntmg that all construction egwpment, fixed or documentation of mobile, shall use properly operating mufflers No combustion compliance to egwpment, such as pumps or generators, shall be allowed to City operate within 500 feet of any occupied residence from 6 30 p m to 7 a m unless the egwpment is surrounded by a noise protection barrier Stationary egwpment shall be placed in such a manner as emitted noise is directed away from sensitive receptors Additionally, stockpiling of vehicles and staging areas shall be located as far as practical from sensitive noise receptors as well The developer shall include this provision and adherence to all conditions of approval as a regwrement of all construction contracts for this site This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department 10-4 Pnor to the issuance of gradmg and/or budding permits, CP B Developer C 2 all construction staging shall be performed at least 500 feet submits plan to from occupied dwellings The location of staging areas, as Cdy for review indicated on the grading plan, wdl be subject to review and C A 4 approval by the City Planning Department City Inspectors mondor 10-5 Prior to the issuance of building permits for each phase, BO B Developer shall C, D 2 the developerwill document that exterior residential areas volt submit proof of have exterior noise levels of less than 65 dB CNEL, to the compliance satisfaction of the City Bulding and Safety Department 10-6 Prior to the issuance of occupancy permits for each BO D Developer shall D 3 phase, the developer shall document that interior living areas submit proof of have noise levels less than 45 d8 CNEL, to the satisfaction of compliance the Building and Safety Department 10-7 Prior to the issuance of building permits for each phase, BO D City Inspectors to A, D 2 the developer shall incorporate site designs and measures to venfy compliance help reduce proposed noise levels over the long-term Residential lots with rear yards or side yards adjacent to collector streets (i a Lower Crest) shall be constructed with a 6-foot block wall along the perimeter or demonstrate with an additional noise study that ultimate traffic volumes onsite will not exceed the noise performance standards in the City Development Code to the satisfaction of the Bulding and Safety Department ,~ .. , ~ -. . .. ~ ~~ 'a`} ^6.. ' yx3 ~5:r 4;,~ s r 'G ' r4, Via- ~ ~"=' i ~. _ .rT , „ ..M ? a ,P ~k'aa <'„~Y~ __ ~' ~ermitsforeach phase, 80 B Developer to D ebwlders shall pay all p s, including police, fire, submit proof of fee payments ffected public agences Bement This measure .ion of the Cily Bwldmg permits foreach phase, ebwlders shall comply CP B Developer to C 2 3d public agencies such submit plans to is measure shall be agencies for review and of the City Planning approval - ~ ~~ ~~ iaouaiwe v. uuuuu,y permts for each phase, FC B Developer to C 2 the applicant shall obtain approval of the Fire Department with regard to determination of adequate fire flow and installation submit plans to RCFD for review of acceptable hre resistant structural materials in protect and approval buildings 11-4 Prior to the issuance of occupancy permits for each BO D Developer shall B 3 phase, the applicant shall pay all legally established impact submit proof of fees to the Eliwanda School District and the Chaffey Joint payment of school Union High School District in accordance with state law fees Prcof of such payment shall be submitted to City Building and Safety Department 11-5 Prior to recordation for each phase, the developer shall CE B Developer shall D 1 post a bond in an amount to be determined by the City demonstrate Engineering Department to ensure installation and payment of bond maintenance of all public and private roads and drainage faalities necessary for each phase of the protect This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer 12.0 Utilities ~ " ~~~~ ~ ` . ht?F ~t r .l `~ `'- -;~ , ~ `v3+f~ p "~' ~ ~ ~' ~ .. , „ a -`S4 >~~ ~ , m- "sh ~' Y f Y{ . ~;~~ z ~ _ ~ Z 12-1 Priorto the issuance of bwlding permits for each phase, BO B Developer shall B 2 the applicant shall provide funding to the Cucamonga County demonstrate WaterDistnctforsewerservice Addihonally,theCucamonga payment County Water Distract will be regwred to provide funds to the Inland Empue Utilities Agency for treatment of the profect's wastewater Proof of such payment shall be submitted to the City Bwldmg and fety Department ~ • • s ... -. 12.0 Utilities ~Q. .r-~~'^,~'su;~9,~. ,,~ ~x~ r~ °~F, ~" E :. ~S Ni;~~~ ~ -m,~i~ .~ ~'"` " ~ ~ , ;^s^"<'x',,<P q,'; .. ~. ~,~F t x~ e3r~. 3!rr.,n~,~,~r..rx -, 4.~ e ~ -5''r , . -T tSn '" -`k ~'^"„off: wad, - .,~ ~ ='mow*vYl,-__,-~.. . v , o. _ 12-2 Pnor to the issuance of grading permits, development CE B Developer shall B 2 plans shall be provided to Southern California Edison, the submit proof of Gas Company, and Venzon, as they become available in review and order to faalitate engineering, design and construction of approval by other improvements necessary to provide electrical, natural gas, agencies and telephone service to the protect site This shall be done to the satisfaction of the City Engineer 12-3 Prior to the issuance of bulding permits, the applicant CE B Developer shall B 2 shall apply for and obtain will-serve letters from SCE, SCGC, submit service and Venzon and place them on fde wdh the Cdy Engmeer letters from other agencies 12-4 Prior to the issuance of bwlding permits, the applicant CE B Developer shall B, C 2 shall comply with the guddelines provided by SCE, SCGC, and submit proof of Venzon in regard to easement restrictions, construction review and gudelines, protection of pipeline easements, and potential approval by other amendments to right-of-way in the areas of any existing agencies easements of these companies This shall be done to the satisfaction of the City Engineer '13.0 Aesthetics ~ '~ ~~° ; n ~~ a~ ~s~-n'`'- ,~~=~x°~` ~ ,_ ~, ; : , , 13-1 All outdoor lighting shall be submitted to the Planning CP B Developer shall C 2 Department for plan check and shall comply with the submit lighting requirements of Etiwanda North Specific Plan design plans to City for guidelines and the City General Plan This measure shall be revew and implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planner approval 13-2 Prior to issuance of building permits the developer shall CE B Developer shall C 2 submit construction plans for any signage associated with the submit signage site, including entrance monuments (bui excluding street plans to City for signs and traffic signs), primanly of natural appearing revew and materials (i a wood and rock), consistent with the Etiwanda approval North Specific Plan design guddelines If signs are lighted, light must be directed toward the sign rather than backlighting This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department 13-3 Prior to final inspection or occupancy of each phase, the CP D City Planners to A 3 Cdy will evaluate the site fighting, including entrance hghtmg, inspect hghtmg The lighting will be adequately shielded or directed to minimize on- and offsite impacts, to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department .. .- • - -. .. - ~. '13.0 Aesthetibs „; , ~~ ~~,~~~ 13-4 Prior to recordation for each phase, the developer will BO B Developer to D 1 provide the telephone numbers of persons to contact if there provide numbers are complaints about noise, odors, night-lighting, etc from to City ac4vdies on the proect sde This informatwn should be displayed on a sign visible from the entrance to the development This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Building and Safety Department 13-5 Prior to issuance of bwlding permits the developer will CP B Developer to C 2 prepare a detailed landscaping and wall treatment plan for the submit landscape Phase 1 area along the "Lower West Collector,' to the plans to City for satisfaction of the City Planning Department Speaal attention rewew and shall be given to the landscape treatments along Etiwanda approval Avenue and East Avenue and at entrances to the prolect i4:0 Cultural Resources „a*'-' ;:t~yt;~t ~~a,"wa ~ir~~y ~q?~rt~;s~~~x~~,~'~„~~ P,,y 7~~;;w1,,,r{~,~ ~w, ~ ~ ~ ~ g r . ~ ~ 4 ~ ~~~~~ ~„ -:", ~,~~~„;,;~a;;„ : ~ ,, ;_-. , -v ~ {F 0.-{da } ~4 -..t ~~i S.tr ~ a¢ a i _s I'.ti 413a ~ ,A~ N ~fn~~^ L ~ Y 5i' - ~~3 ~ n ~ryi itg5t 5v~e I ~ ~y 14-1 A qualified paleontologist shall conduct a CP B Developer to A B D 2 preconstruction field survey of the prolect site The retain paleo to , , paleontologist shall submit a report of findings that wdl also provide specific recommendations regarding further mitigation survey site measures (i e , paleontological monitoring) that may be appropriate Where mitigation monitonng is appropriate, the program must include, but not be limited to, the following measures • Assign a paleontological monitor, trained and egwpped to allow the rapid removal of fossils with minimal construction delay, to the site full-time during the interval of earth-disturbing activties, • Should fossils be found within an area being cleared or graded, divert earth-disturbing activities elsewhere until the monitor has completed salvage If construction personnel make the discovery, the grading contractor should immediately divert construction and notify the montor of the find, and Submit summary report to City of Rancho Cucamonga Transfer collected specimens with a copy of the report to San Bernardino County Museum i • ~ n pJ' Y .. ... -. .. • 14.0 Cultural ResourceM' s~'~~'~ -~~< s e K ~ - ~r~'?!~' 3' '~ry't...a'~..~4'.~ " - lr' .,t d~= ;,'"=2;. iS~ ~Sy ,t ) ~ ~ - _ ,r '~rt~ ~ ,. lt's~. ~ ) ~~S .~m.- 14-2 If any prehistoric archaeological resources are CP C Developer will A 4 encountered before or during grading, the developer will retain a qualified archaeologist to monitor construction retain archaeo activities, to take appropriate measures to protect orpreserve monitor them for study W ith the assistance of the archaeologist, the City of Rancho Cucamonga will • Enact interim measures to protect undesignated sties from demolition or significant modification vnthout an opportunity for the City to establish its archaeological value, • Consider establishing provisions to requue incorporation of archaeological sites within new developments, using their special qualities as a theme or focal point, • Pursue educating the public about the area's archaeological heritage, • Propose mitigation measures and recommend conditions of approval to eliminate adverse protect effects on significant, important, and unique prehistoric resources, following appropriate CEQA gwdelmes, Prepare atechnicalresources management report, documenting the inventory, evaluation, and proposed mtigaton of resources within the protect area Submit one copy of the completed report with onginal illustrations, to the San Bernardino County Archaeological Information Center for permanent archiving, and If artifacts of Native American (NA) origin are discovered, official representatives of the NA group will be consulted to determine the most appropnate disposition of the artrfacts, to the satisfaction of the Cdy Planning Department in agreement with County Museum and the NA rou ricultural Resources "'~~" `"""'~. 15 0 A ~ ~ ~''~ ~~'~ "~~ ' ~" ~~"~ ~ " ~ ~=~= ' g . .~ None Required 0 Recreation ~ ~ 16 ~ ~ '`1~ ~. "~ . _~".~ m . ~w, >fi - . ,. x 16-1 The applicant will submit conceptual park design and CP B Developer to C 2 landscaping plans to the City subtect to the approval of the submit park plans City Planning Department to Cdy for rewew and approval Key to Checklist Abbreviations Responsible Person Monitoring Frequency Method of Verlficetlon ~ _.~ ~` ~° ~ sanctions CDD -Community Development Director or designee A -With Each New Development A - On-site Inspection 1 -Withhold Recordation of Final Map CP -City Planner or designee CE -City Engineer or designee B - Pnor To Construction B -Other Agency Permit /Approval 2 -Withhold Grading or Bulldmg Pennrt BO -Building Official or designee C -Throughout Construction D - On Completion C -Plan Check D 3 - W tlhhold Certrficata of Occupancy PO -Police Captain or designee E -Operating -Separate Submittal (Reports /Studies /Plans) 4 -Stop Work Order FC -Fire Chief or designee 5 -Retain Deposit or Bonds 6 -Revoke CUP J N s • ~ RESOLUTION NO 04-77 A RESOLUTION OF THE PLANNING COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF RANCHO CUCAMONGA, CALIFORNIA, RECOMMENDING APPROVALOF LOW RESIDENTIALNDISTRICM(NDMDE\NIEDRNG UN TS PER ACRE) TO LOW RESIDENTIAL DISTRICT (2-4 DWELLING UNITS PER ACRE) AND RESOURCE CONSERVATION, FOR APPROXIMATELY 168 77 ACRES OF LAND, LOCATED NORTH OF THE SCE CORRIDOR BETWEEN ETIWANDA AVENUE AND EAST AVENUE, AND MAKING FINDINGS IN SUPPORT THEREOF - APN 0225-083-05, O6, 07, 10, 22, 23, 25, AND 26 AND 0225-084-02 A Recitals 1 Traigh Paafic filed an application for General Plan Amendment DRC2003-00410, as described in the title of this Resolution Hereinafter in this Resolution, the subtect General Plan Amendment is referred to as "the application " 2 On the 9th day of June 2004, the Planning Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga conducted a duly noticed public heanng on the application and concluded said heanng on that date 3 All legal prerequisites prior to the adoption of this Resolution have occurred • 4 The Planning Commission has reviewed and considered the associated Environmental Impact Report prepared for said protect 5 By Resolution No 04-75, the Planning Commission has certified the Environmental Impact Report (EIR) prepared for the project as being in compliance with the regwrements of the California Environmental Quality Act (Public Resources Code Section 21000 et seq) for purposes of taking action on the Tentative Tract Map and has recommended that the City Council certify the EIR for purposes of taking action on the related General Plan Amendment B Resolution NOW, THEREFORE, it is hereby found, determined, and resolved by the Planning Commission of the Gty of Rancho Cucamonga as follows 1 This Commission hereby specifically finds that all of the facts set forth in the Rentals, Part A, of this Resolution are true and correct 2 Based upon the facts and information contained in the record of this probed, the Plamm~g Commission makes the following findings and statements, and takes the following actions, pursuant to the California Environmental Quality Act ("CEQA") (Public Resources Code Section 21000 et seq ) a The Protect that has been evaluated under CEQA involves a series of actions related to the annexation of land from unincorporated San Bernardino County into the City of Rancho Cucamonga, the approval of a General Plan Amendment, Etiwanda North Speafic Plan Amendment, Tentative Tract Map No 14749 ("TTM 14749") and the assoaated Development Agreement The proposed protect includes 269 single-family housing units on approximately 168 8 aces and incudes remainder lots fo~flood control purposesuThe gr ss density of the protect isiapprowmately 1s59 ~ ~~~ PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-77 GPA DRC2003-00410-TRAIGH PACIFIC • June 9, 2004 Page 2 dwelling units per acre, a net density of 2 5 units per acre, a minimum lot size of 8,400 square feet, and an average lot size of 11,600 square feet b The City of Rancho Cucamonga, acting as the lead agency, prepared the Draft Environmental Impact Report ("Draft EIR") for the Protect (State Clearinghouse No 2003081085) The Draft EIR was circulated fora 45-day public review and comment penod from Decembers, 2003 through January 28, 2004 Comments were received during that penod and written responses were prepared and sent to all commentors Those comments and the responses thereto have been included in the Final EIR, as have the appendices to the Draft EIR Those documents together comprise the Final EIR c The Planning Commission finds that the Final EIR was completed pursuant to the CEQA, and the State Guidelines for Implementation of CEQA, 14 California Code of Regulations, Section 15000, et seq ("the Guidelines") By Resolution No 04-75, the Planning Commission has certified the EIR as being in compliance with the requirements of the CEQA d The Planning Commission finds that the Final EIR was presented to the Planning Commission and that the Planning Commission reviewed and considered the infonnaUon in the Final EIR and has reached its own conclusions with respect to the Protect and as to whether and how to recommend approval of various components of the protect approvals before makings its recommendation in this Resolution e The Planning Commission finds that the Final EIR represents the independent tudgment of the Planning Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga and adequately addresses the impacts of the Protect and imposes appropriate mitigation measures for the Protect f The Planning Commission finds, based upon the Initial Study, the Final EIR, public comments, public agency comments, and the entire record before it, that the Protect may create significant impacts in the areas of Earth Resources, Water Resources, Transportation/Circulation, Air Quality, Biological Resources, Hazards, Noise, Public Services, Utilities, Aesthetics, and Cultural Resources The proposed protect will also contribute incrementally to cumulatively considerable impacts related to land use, flood control, water quality from urban runoff, loss of alluvial fan sage scrub, hazardous material dumping, congestion of evacuation routes, overcrowded schools, inadequate utilities, and loss of views With respect to the impacts to all of these resources and services, the EIR identifies mitigation measures for each of those impacts that will substantially lessen the impacts g Implementation of mitigation measures identified in the Final EIR will substantially mitigate many of the envvonmental impacts described in paragraph f of this Section, to the extent feasible, as described in Exhibit A of Resolution No 75, which is incorporated herein by reference The Final EIR also identifies significant adverse impacts that cannot be fully mitigated or avoided, including impacts from short-term impacts on air quality from construction-related emissions, long- term impacts on air quality from protect emissions, and biological resources h The Final EIR describes a range of altematrves to the Protect that might fulfill basic obtectrves of the Protect These alternatives include the regwred "No Protect-No Development" altematrve, and the "No Protect -Open Space" alternative, the "Reduced Density" altematrve, the Modified Site Plan (clustered)" alternative, and the "Rural Density' Alternative As set forth in the Exhibit A of Resolution No 75, the altemat~ves identified in the EIR are not feasible because they would not achieve the basic obtectwes of the Protect or would do so only to a much smaller degree '~_~ ~ 5 PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-77 GPA DRC2003-00410 - TRAIGH PACIFIC June 9, 2004 Page 3 and, therefore, leave unaddressed the significant economic, infrastructure, and General Plan goals that the Project is intended to accomplish, and are thus infeasible due to social and economic considerations, and/or they are infeasible because they would not eliminate the adverse environmental impacts of the proposed Project Accordingly, the Planning Commission recommends that the City Councl find each of the alternatives is infeasible i Mitigation measures descnbed in the Mitigation Momtonng Program will avoid or substantially lessen the potentially significant environmental effects of the Protect Further, the environmental, physical, socal, economic and other benefits of the Protect, as set forth in this Section and Resolution No 75, and speafically Exhibit A thereto, ,which is incorporated herein by this reference, outweigh any unavoidable, significant, adverse impacts that may occur as a result of the Protect, including short-term impacts on air quality from construction-related emissions, cumulative long-term impacts on air quality from protect emissions, and impacts to biological resources Therefore, due to ovemding benefits of the Protect and because the altematrves identified in the EIR are not feasible, as discussed in paragraph i above, the Planning Commission hereby recommends that the City Council find that any unavoidable impacts of the Protect, including the mitigated but unavoidable impacts from short-term impacts on av quality from construction- related emissions, long-term impacts on air quality from protect emissions, and impacts to biological resources are acceptable based on the findings contained herein and in Resolution No 75 and the staff report, which are incorporated herein by this reference This determination shall constitute the Planning Commission's recommendation to the City Council for a statement of ovemding considerations wnthin the meaning of CEQA and is based on any one of the follownng environmental and other benefits of the Protect identified in the Final EIR and the record of the Planning Commission's proceedings i Prowding for the use of land consistent with the established polices and goals of the City of Rancho Cucamonga General Plan, Etiwanda North Specfic Plan, City Development Code, and all other City Development guidelines, Annexing the protect site into the City of Rancho Cucamonga, ui Integrating the protect with the character of the surrounding neighborhoods and establish a development that results in logical, coordinated growth, iv Establishing aprotect-wide arculation system that meets regional and local transportation needs and accommodates both vehicles and pedestnans, v Providing a system of public/community faclities, including trails, open space areas, and landscaping to support the residents of the protect and surrounding area in an effiaent and timely manner, vi Limiting Impacts to surrounding uses and residents, and to the community character, vu Providing backbone public infrastructure (i a roads, utilities) to serve protect residents and the surrounding community, vui Minimizing impacts to, and generate revenues in excess of costs for, venous public service agences, and r- ~- ~~ PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-77 GPA DRC2003-00410 - TRAIGH PACIFIC June 9, 2004 Page 4 rx Provrdrng quality housing opportunrtres compatible with existing and planned development that responds to market demands ~ The Planning Commission recommends that the Mitigation Measures rn the FINAL EIR that correspond to the environmental impacts which may result from the Project be adopted and made a condition of approval of, or incorporated into, the Protect The Planning Commission also recommends that the City Council adopt the "Mitigation Momtonng Plan" attached hereto as Exhibit C The Mitigation Momtonng Plan will be used to monitor compliance with the mitigation measures and conditions that have been adopted or made a condition of Protect approval as set forth in this Section of this Resolution and Exhibit C of this Resolution 3 Based upon the substantial evidence presented to this Commission dunng the above-referenced public heanng on June 9, 2004, including wntten and oral staff reports, together with public testimony, this Commission hereby specifically finds as follows a The application applies to approximately 168 77 acres of land, basically a rectangular configuration, located north of the SCE Comdor between Etrwanda Avenue and East Avenue, and rs presently vacant, undeveloped, land Said property rs currently designated as Very Low Residential (1-2 dwelling units per acre) and rs proposed as Low Residential (2-4 dwelling units per acre) and Resource Conservation as shown in Exhibit "A" attached, and b The property to the north of the subtect site rs designated Flood Control/Utility Comdor and Hillside Residential and rs compnsed of vacant land, utility comdors, and scattered single-family residences The property to the southeast rs designated Very Low Residential, Conservation and Flood Control/Utility Comdor and includes Etrwanda Creek Flood Control basins and conservation area The property to the east rs currently vacant and rs designated Very Low Residential and Low Residential and rs the site of Rancho Etrwanda and Rancho Etrwanda Estates The property to the east rs designated Very Low Residential (1-2 dwelling units per acre) and rs the site of proposed Tentative Tract Map 16324 -Henderson Creek Properties The property to the south rs designated Flood ControUUtilrty Comdor, Conservation, and Very Low Residential and includes vacant land, and utility comdors and is the proposed site of Tentative Tract Map 16072 - Rrchland Prnehurst, and c This amendment does not conflict with the Land Use Polraes of the General Plan, and will provide for development within the drstnct in a manner consistent with the General Plan and with related development, and d This amendment promotes the goals and ob~ectrves of the land use element, and e This amendment would not be matenally rn~unous or detnmental to the adjacent properties and would not have a significant impact on the environment nor the surrounding properties 4 Based upon the substantial evidence presented to this Commission dunng the above-referenced public heanng and upon the specific findings of facts set forth in paragraphs 1, 2 and 3 above, this Commission hereby finds and concludes as follows a The subtect property rs suitable for the uses permitted rn the proposed drstnct rn terms of access, size, and compatibility with existing land use rn the surrounding area, and S ~n PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-77 GPA DRC2003-00410 - TRAIGH PACIFIC • June 9, 2004 Page 5 b The proposed amendment would not have significant impacts on the environment nor the surrounding properties, and The proposed amendment is in conformance with the General Plan 5 The Planning Commission has reviewed and considered the associated Environmental Impact Report prepared for said protect This Commission hereby recommends that the City Councal make the following findings. a The facts and findings set forth in the Statement of Facts and Findings are supported by substantial evidence in the administrative record and the Final EIR b The Final EIR has identified all sigmficant physical environmental impacts of the project and there are no known potentially significant physically environmental impacts not addressed in the Final EIR c The significant physical impacts identified in the Final EIR, as a result of the protect have been mitigated, avoided, or reduced to an acceptable level by the imposition of mitigation measures on the protect These mitigation measures are attached hereto as part of the Mitigation Momtonng Program and are incorporated herein by this reference d The EIR identified unavoidable protect related impacts to short-term and long-term air quality as described in the Findings and the Final EIR, mitigation measures are incorporated into the protect to reduce all other impacts to less than significant levels The cumulative impacts of the protect in relation to other protects in the area have been considered The EIR identfied unavoidable cumulative impacts as described in the Findings and the Final EIR related to land use, flood control, water quality from urban runoff, loss of alluvial fan sage scrub, hazardous material dumping, congestion of evacuation routes, overcrowded schools, inadequate utilities, and loss of views 6 Based upon the findings and conclusions set forth in paragraphs 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 above, this Commission hereby recommends approval of General Plan Amendment DRC2003-00410 7 The Secretary to this Commission shall certify to the adoption of this Resolution APPROVED AND ADOPTED THIS 9TH DAY OF JUNE 2004 PLANNING COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF RANCHO CUCAMONGA BY Rich Macias, Chairman ATTEST Brad Buller, Secretary ~~ ~ 8 PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-77 GPA DRC2003-00410 - TRAIGH PACIFIC . June 9, 2004 Page 6 I, Brad Buller, Secretary of the Planning Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga, do hereby certify that the foregoing Resolution was duly and regularly introduced, passed, and adopted by the Planning Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga, at a regular meeting of the Planning Commission held on the 9th day June 2004, by the following vote-to-wit AYES COMMISSIONERS NOES COMMISSIONERS ABSENT COMMISSIONERS L_J F _~ ~q • ® PROPOSED LOW ® PROPOSED RESOURCE CONSERVATION GENERAL PLAN AMENDMENT EXHIBIT "f'1" DRC2003-00410 ~Q 1000 0 1000 2000 Feet MITIGATION MONITORING CHECKLIST ~1 ,~ OS~ N 3.0 Earth Resource `'~'""`'~' 'r ~. ~- .. .~ ~, ~~~~<w,,.~ 33 Pnor to the issuance of grading permits and/or recordation, construction measures recommended by the BO B Prior to grading C 1, 2 detailed geological investigation identified in Measure 3-2 permit issuance shall be identified on grading plans and implemented to the and/or recordation satisfaction of the City Engineer 3-4 Prior to the issuance of a grading permit for each phase , the developer shall prepare and submit a Dust Control Plan to BO B C Prior to grading A, C 2, 4 the Ctty that meets all applicable requirements of the permit issuance SCAOMD The Plan must be approved by the City Bwlding for each phase and Safety Department, poor to issuance of the grading permit and demonstrate chat methods are in place to assure the following a)Areas disturbed by construction activities and/or used to store backfill materials, will be sprayed with water at least twice a day, in the morning and afternoon, or more often if fugitive dust is observed migrating from the site b)Storage piles, which are to be left in place for more than three working days shall either be sprayed with anon-toxic soil binder or covered with plastic or revegetated until placed in use c)Tires of vehicles will be washed before the vehicle leaves the protect site and enters a paved road d)Dirt on paved surfaces shall be removed daily to minimize generation of fugitive dust 3-5 Prior to the issuance of building permits, where cut and CP B Prior to building A 2 fill slopes are created higher than three feet, a detailed permit issuance Landscape and Irrigation Plan shall be submitted to the City Planning Department poor to grading plan approval The plans shall be reviewed for type and density of ground cover, shrubs, and trees, and shall be consistent with the Neighborhood Theme Plan of the Etiwanda North Speafic Plan This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Cdy Planner 3-6 Prior to the issuance of building permits, graded, but BO B, C Prior to building A, C 2, 3 undeveloped land shall be maintained weed-free and planted permit issuance vath intenm landscaping within ninety days of completion of grading, unless budding permits are obtained This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Cdy Budding Official • .. • ., ~ ~ _ .. _ esouroes,~°~ °~~a~ ~,~ 3.0 Earth R ~~~ ~ ~ ' ~i ~ ~~. ff ~ . 3 7 P ~ O :~ .~ 2=~_ ~ ~,.,y~ ~~„,+~",~`-o - rior to the issuance of occupancy permits, planting of CE B, C Prior to A C 3 developed land shall comply with the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Best Management occupancy permit , Practices Construction Handbook Section 6 2 This measure issuance shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer 3-8 Pnor to the issuance of budding permts, all grading shall BO B, C Pnor to bwldmg A C 2 be conducted in conformance with the recommendations , contained within the Geotechnical Report included as DEIR permit issuance Appendix B This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer 4.0 Water Resources r »- ~ ~ y* ~~A~,,~„~~ ~ ~ ~~tz ~ ~ _~ 4-1 Prior to the issuance of a grading permit, the developer CE B Prior to grading A C 2 shall obtain Clean W ater Act Section 401 and 404 permits (for permit issuance , water quality certification for dredge and fill operations), if necessary, from the U S Army Corps of Engineers Copies of the same shall be provided to City Bwlding and Safety This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer 4-2 Prior to issuance of the fast occupancy permit, the CE B Pnor to issuance 8 3 planned revetment along the East Etiwanda Channel adtacent of fast occupancy to the protect site shall be installed, subtect to approval by the permit San Bernardino County Flood Control District and receipt of that approval to the City Engineer 4-3 Prior to the recordation of each phase or approval of a CE B Prior to the A, B, C 1, 2 grading permit, the protect proponent will implement the on- recordation of and off-site drainage system improvements as outlined m the each phase or protect Drainage Study (DEIR Appendix D) This includes approval of a detention facilities proposed at 24th Street (Wilson Avenue) grading permit and Etiwanda Creek or onsite, participation in the County's Etiwanda Creek fee program, and participation in the City of Rancho Cucamonga's Etiwanda/San Sevaine Area Drainage Policy program, including appropriate fair share fees Implementation of this measure is subtect to review and approval by the City Engineer prior to issuance of a grading permit i • • i i 4.0 Water Resources _, ,_„g - .. "'°~-r _ .. ,~~~~.c~~ -. - ti nr+~z~. _ ~ ,~. ~,~ ~ ~,•.a ... ~~'~"~ ~ ~~. -. .. ~ ~-r .,;~, = • , , . . x. 4-4 Prwr to issuance of budding permits, the applicant shall CE B Pnor to budding D 2 submit to the City Engineer for approval of a Water puality permit issuance Management Plan (WQMP), including a protect description and identdying Best Management Practices (BMPs) that will be used on-site to reduce pollutants into the storm drain system to the maximum extent practicable The WIMP shall identify the structural and non-structural measures consistent with the Guidelines for New Development and Redevelopment adopted by the City of Rancho Cucamonga June 2000 4-5 Prior to issuance of grading or paving permits, applicant CE B Pnor to grading or D 2 shall submit to the City Engineer a Notice of Intent (NOI) to paving permits comply with obtaining coverage under the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) General Construction Storm W ater Permit from the State Water Resources Control Board Evidence that this has been obtained (i e , a copy of the Waste Dischargers Identification Number) shall be submitted to the City Engineer forcoverage underthe NPDES General ConstrucUOn Permd 4-6 Pnor to the issuance of budding permits, drainage and CE B Pnor to budding A, C 2 1 flood control faalities and improvements shall be designed permit issuance and constructed in accordance with the San Bernardino ' County Flood Control Distnct regwrements, as applicable This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Ccunty Flocd Control Distnct and receipt of approval by the City Engineer 4-7 Pnor to issuance of a grading permd, the developer wdl CE 8 Pnor to grading C 2 pay the required drainage fee related to the San Bernardino permd issuance County Flood Control District Etiwanda Creek watershed This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the County Flood Control District and receipt of approval by the City Engineer - ~ 5.0 Transportation and Circulation,; - a°~~ '- ~ rr 5-1 Pnor to the issu f th f ~. ~, , ~ t•~;;M~ ~ , ~ -. ,~,, ~,~ ~ -~ n ... S .. xt.n,~ e~ an r ~~ >,r~; ~,~, ,K ~, ance o e irst occupancy permd for the protect, the following intersections are protected to be CE D Pnor to first B, D 3 warranted for traffic signals by opening year occupancy permit • Day Creek Boulevard (NS) at Banyan Avenue (EW) issuance • Day Creek Boulevard (NS) at SR-210 West Bound Ramp (EW) • Day Creek Boulevard (NS) at SR-210 East Bound Ramp (EW) • Etiwanda Avenue (NS) at Banyan Avenue (EW) • Etiwanda Avenue (NS) at Wilson Avenue (EW) • East Avenue (NS) at Banyan Avenue (EW) The applicant shall make a fair share contribution, as identified in the protect traffic report, to the traffic signal mitigation program of the County of San Bernardino and/or City of Rancho Cucamonga, as appropriate This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer 5-2 Prior to the issuance of building permits for each phase, CE C Prior to bulding A, B C 2 the protect shall incorporate bus turn-outs and/or shelters if permit issuance , regwred by Omni-Trans and/or the Transportation for each phase Commission The protect applicant shall consult with and obtain clearance from these agencies to assure compliance with the Regional Mobility and Air Quality Management Plans Confirmation of contact and compliance with their regwrements shall be provided to the City Engineer This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer 5-3 Prior to the issuance of bwldmg permts for each phase, CE B Pnor to bwldmg C 2 the applicant shall pay a fair share basis for off-site permit issuance improvements as identified in the protect traffic report This for each phase measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Cdy ' Engmeer, including but not limited to the following • 24'" Avenue (Wilson Avenue) from Etiwanda Avenue to Day Creek, • Day Creek Boulevard from 24~" (W ilson) to Highland Avenue, • 24~" (Wilson) between Etiwanda Avenue and Wardman Bullock Road, and • East Avenue from south of the protect limit to 23rd Street • it O'~ 5.0 Transportation antl Circul'at _ %" ,_ ^! to .d.~; .. ~~ ~a' ~. a, _ ~. .:-~. ~ .. ~sa,~3 ,5~a ~:~~'"~"~" ~~~I-~~,r., ~ ~', 5-4 Pnor to the issuance of building permits for each phase, CE B Pnor to budding C 2 the applicant shall pay a'9air share" contribution towards off- site impacts to finked roadways and intersections, as outlined permit issuance for each phase in the protect traffic report The protect share of the cost has been calculated based on the proportion of the protect peak hourtraffic contributed to the improvement location relative to the total new peak hour Year 2015 traffic volume The protect's fair share of identified intersection and roadway link cost is $63,818 as of the date of the traffic study This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of Crty Engineer, including any changes in the protect's fair share contribution due to changes in the Consumer Pnce Index or similar public works measures 5-5 Prior to issuance of an occupancy permit for the fast CE D Prior to first A 3 residential unit, the developer shall construct East Avenue occupancy permit and Etiwanda Avenue to City standards, as outlined in the issuance protect traffic report These improvements wdl be made to the satisfaction of the City Engineer 5-6 Pnor to the issuance of grading permits, the developer CE B Prior to grading A, D 2 shall coordinate all construction-related activities to minimize permit issuance congestion and delay on local roadways, to the satisfaction of City Engineer .. - .;~,.,~,~,~e 8.0 Transportation andCircul~tlon~~ x,'~>a A" a . ~ 5-7 Pnor to the issuance of radin j ~ r l F ,~ ~~ ,~t?~°, a=te ~ ~~ ~~ ~ '~"~ - "'~' ~ W ' ~" c ;r , n. 3x. ,~„w w L '~i `'`-~' ' shall submit a Dust Control Plan (DCP) to the City BwidPn r gD g Prior to grading D 2 and Safety Department consistent with SCAQMD guidelines permit issuance The DCP shall include activities to reduce on-site and on-site dust production This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Crty Building Official Such activties shall include, but are not limited to, the following a)Throughout grading and construction activities, exposed soil shall be kept moist through a minimum of twice daily watering to reduce fugitive dust b)Street sweeping shall be conducted, when visible soil accumulations occur along site access roadways to remove dirt dropped by construction vehicles or dried mud carried off by trucks moving dirt or banging construction matenals Ste access driveways and adjacent streets will be washed if there are visible signs of any dirt track-out at the conclusion of any workday c)AIl trucks hauling dirt away from the site shall be covered to prevent the generation of fugitive dust d)Dunng high wind conddions (i a ,wind speeds exceeding 25 mph), areas with disturbed soil will be watered hourly, and activities on unpaved surfaces shall be terminated until wind speeds no longer exceed 25 mph 6.0 Afr Quality ~ _ °„a * ~•,;- :a -~ ,:,t,, _ - 6-1 During construction, all construction equpment shall be gD C maintained in good operating condition so as to reduce City Inspectors to A 4 o perational emissions Contractor shall ensure that all monitordunng construction equipment is being properly serviced and construction maintained as per manufacturers' specifications ' Maintenance records shall be available at the construction site for Crt ventication 6-2 Prior to the issuance of any grading permits, developer CP B Developer to C D 2 shall submit construction plans to City denoting the proposed submit , schedule and projected egwpment use Construction documentation of contractors shall provide evidence that low emission mobile compliance construction egwpment will be utilized, or that their use was investigated and found to be infeasible for the project Contractors shall also conform to any construction measures City Inspectors to q q imposed by the South Coast Air Quality Management Distract mondor (SCAQMD) as well as City Planning Staff compliance • y aC • • 6.0 AlrQuahty _ ,~,.~ •• c~`~~:x~'~t:'+S~ ~. z"wr~~..,-_-~ ~. ..~~uY _ ... ~"~,:e~ .. >ax ~ -. ~~,• 6-3 During construction, all paints and coatings shall meet or BO C City Inspectors to A 4 exceed performance standards noted in SCAQMD Rule 1113 monitor Paints and coatings shall be applied either by hand or high compliance volume, low-pressure spray, to the satisfaction of the City during painting Inspectors 6-4 During construction, all asphalt shall meet or exceed BO C City Inspectors to A 4 performance standards noted in SCAQMD Rule 1108, to the monitor satisfaction of the City Inspectors compliance during paving 6-5 During grading and construction, the prime contractor BO C City Inspectors to A 4 shall post signs requiring that trucks shall not be left idling for monitor prolonged periods (i e , in excess of 10 minutes) compliance during construction 6-6 During construction, all construction equipment shall g0 C City Inspectors to A 4 comply with SCAQMD Rules 402 and 403, to the satisfaction of the City Inspectors Additionally, contractors shall include monitor the following provisions compliance • Reestablish ground cover on the construction sde during construction through seeding and watering, • Pave or apply gravel to any on-site haul roads, t Schedule activities to minimize the amounts of exposed excavated soil during and after the end of work periods, • Dispose of surplus excavated material in accordance with local ordinances and use sound engineering practices, • Sweep streets according to a schedule established by the Cdy rf stlt is carved over to adjacent public thoroughfares or occurs as a result of hauling Timing may vary depending upon time of year of construction, • Suspend grading operations during high winds (i e , wind speeds exceeding 25 mph) in accordance with Rule 403 regwrements, and • Maintain a minimum 24•inch freeboard ratio on soils haul trucks or cover payloads using tarps or other suitable means .. -. ... -. .. all be treated with water or proved by SCAOMD and BO B Cdy Inspectors to A, D q Board [RWOCB]) daily to monitor 'dance with SCAOMD Rule compliance _.mented to the satisfaction of during grading the City Inspectors 6-8 Chemical soil stabilizers (approved by SCAOMD and BO RWOCB) shall be applied to all inactive construchon ar C City Inspectors to A q eas that remain inactive for 96 hours or more to reduce PM monitor ~o emissions This measure shall be implemented to the t f compliance dunng sa is action of the Cdy Inspectors construction 6-9 During construction, contractors shall utilize electric or BO C Cit Ins e t t clean alternative fuel powered egwpment whe f bl y p c ors o A q re easi e This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the monitor City Inspectors compliance 6-10 Durng construction, contractors shall ensure that BO C City Inspectors to A q construction and grading plans include a statement that work crews will shut off egwpment when not in use This measure monitor compliance shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Cily Inspectors during construchon 6-11 Pricrto approval of bulding permits, the developershall BO B Developer C 2 demonstrate that all residential structures have incorporated submits plans for high eihctency/low polluting heating, air conddiomn9, approval appliances and water heaters This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Cdy Budding Official ~ 6-12 Prtorto approval of bwlding permts the developershall BO B D l , eve oper C 2 demonstrate that all residential structures have incorporated submts plans for thermal pane windows and weather-stripping This measure approval shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Cdy Budding Official 6-13 Prior to the issuance of building permits, the developer CP B Developer C, D 2 shall submit and obtain approval of a plan for the provision of submits plans for adequate pedestrian and bicycle facilities for protect residents approval throughout the protect The plan shall detail the construction timing for bike racks at the two parks, sidewalks, and trails based upon completion prior to occupancy of the first unit of the subtect phase This measure shall be implementedtothe satisfaction of the City Planning Department u i ~~ .. . . . .. -. . 6.0 Air Qualit ' ~'~ ~ s~r~Q° _ ~ ~i5 ~ 6-14 Prior to the issuance of the first occupancy permit, the CE B Developer C, D 2 applicant shall make a fair share contribution to a park and submits proof of ride faality along the I-15 or I-10 Freeways that would serve fee payment protect residents The fair share calculation shall be determined to the satisfaction of City Engineer The applicant shall place the appropriate funds in a special accountforsuch purposes This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer 6-15 Prior to issuance of the first occupancy permit, the CE E Developer shall B, D 3 applicant shall provide a bus stop/shelter at the trailhead park construct bus to OmniTrans standards if so duected by OmniTrans, and to stop/shelter if the satisfaction of the Cdy Engineer needed 7.0 Biological Resources ~ ~° ~ _.~~~-~ _ ' 7-1 If necessary, the applicant shall obtain the appropriate CP B Developer shall B, D 2 federal Clean Water Act (CW A) Section 404 permd from the obtain U S Army Corps of Engineers If a permit is required, the determination applicant wdl mitigate any loss of tunsdictional land orwetland from USACOE if areas at a minimum 1 1 ratio, which is consistent with the permit is needed protect delineation report This measure shall be -developer shall i implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning obtain rf needed Department prior to the issuance of grading permits 7-2 Prior to the issuance of a grading permit, the applicant CP B Developer shall B, D 2 shall obtain a CWA Section 401 Certfication from the obtain Regional Water Quality Control Board, if necessary This determination measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City from RWQCB if Planning Department poor to the issuance of grading permds permd is needed -developer shall obtain if needed 7-3 If necessary, the applicant shall obtain a Streambed CP B Developer shall B, D 2 Alteration Agreement (SAA) from the California Department of obtain Fish and Game If an SAA is requred, the applicant will determination mitigate any loss of tunsdictional land at a mimmum 1 1 ratio from CDF&G rf as recommended by the protect biology report This measure permit is needed shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning -developer shall Department prior to the issuance of grading permits obtain if needed .-~ LJ • .. a -,r e„ 7 0 Biological Resources ~`"~~' : "=`~"" .. . - ~~`~~'~` a ~ ... ~ ~ -• ~ ~ - r ... s k ~ ~„ ~~ _ 7-4 Prior to the issuance of occupancy permits, all manufactured slopes on the periphery of the development CP D Developer shall A 3 shall be landscaped as approved by Planning staff This install requred measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City landscaping Planner, prior to the issuance of occupancy permits for the first unit in each phase Prior to recordation of each phase , the phase map shall contain a note regwring this measure 7-5 Prior to issuance of a grading permit, the applicant shall CP B acgwre and convey to the County Speaal District OS-1 or Developer shall B, D 2 other appropriate conservation organization 164 acres of land provide proof of within or near the NEOSHPP area that su pports alluvial fan CSD establishment sage scrub and/or upland sage scrub This measure is proposed to mitigate the potential loss of habitat for sensibve plant and animal speaes, and the loss of raptor foraging land This offsite mitigation land (OML) shall be of equal or greater habitat value than that of the protect site The identification and transfer of OML wdl be to the satisfaction of the Cdy Planning Department, in accordance with the gwdelines of the NEOSHPP All reasonable efforts will be made to locate the OML within or near the NEOSHPP area This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department 7-6 Prior to the issuance of grading permits, a protocol CP B Biologist shall D 2 gnatcatcher survey shall be conducted If any indmduals or conduct protocol nesting pans of birds are found onsite, the developer shall surveys before obtain appropriate take authorization and additional mitigation grading land shall be added to the amount of Offsite Mitigation Land (OML) described in Measure 7-5 according to the following minimum ratios individual = 15 acres, nested pair = 30 acres If gnatcatchers are found onsite, an Inadental Take Permit would be required from the U S Fish R Wildlife Service either by a Section 10(a) permit or through a Section 7 Consultation with the U S Army Corps of Engineers This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department .. .. ~ -. . .. ~2~ ~s.~ w,~F w ,~, ,~. , .~ , ~ ;~r~~ - ~a ~~ ~,_w„~ , r developer Bernardino CP B w : . Biologist shall D 2 - star wrthio conduct protocol those areas of East Etiwanda Creek within 50 feet of the " surveys before punch through" connection of the new northern drainage grading channel to the creek channel This survey is to verify that these species do not occupy area to be disturbed by construction If SBKR and/or Santa Ana wooly star are found to be present, the developer shall comply with applicable U S Fish and Wildlife Service regwrements, which may include obtaining a federal Endangered Speaes Act Section 10(a) permit or a Section 7 Consultation through the U S Army Corps of Engineers SBKR or wooly star habitat disturbed by construchon wdl be mdigated at a minimum ratio of 21 subject to any subsequent USF&WS permit conditions and receipt or notification to the City Planning Department 7-8 If grading of the site has not occurred before February 15 CP B of 2005, protocol surveys for SBKR and gnatcatchers will be Biologist shall D 2 performed over the entire site, and each spring thereafter, conduct protocol surveys before until grading is completed Any occupied habitat found during grading those surveys for either species will be added to the amount of offsite mitigation land regwred under the Draft EIR (164 acres) 7-9 The developer to provide an appropriate contribution for CP B Developer shall B 2 the project toward funding a local brown-headed cowbird demonstrate proof trapping program to further benefit gnatcatchers in this area of payment The amount of this contribution, and the location of the trapping program, shall be determined by the City in consultation with the California Department of Fish and Game The contribution shall be made priorto grading, tothe satisfaction of the Cdy Planning Department m consultation with the California Department of Fish and Game 7-10 Pnor to issuance of grading permds, a qualified biologist CP B &ologist shall D 2 shall conduct a survey for nesting birds on the site Any conduct protocol occupied nest shall be avoided and separated by at least 200 surveys before feet from ground-disturbingachvities Nesting areas are to be grading marked by orange construction Penang The biologist shall verify a nest has been abandoned prior to removing the fenangand commenangground-disturbing actiwties in any of these areas ~\\ al • `~ `~ • • .. .. -. 8.0 Energy and Mineral Resour es" --~ • ~ :n ~ - None ~- Required ,e~.a YV~~- 9 0 Ha d '` '' ~ - ` " ' " '' . zar s ~, ~~ _ ~ ' ; ; ~'zt~+u^'z,`~°` ~ `""; -~ ~ _,~ 9-1 Prior to the issuance of gradin ermit th d g p s, e eveloper shall submit a plan to the Rancho Cucamonga Fire Protection CE B Developer shall B, D 2 District (RCFPD) for each phase for the proper clean up of submit plan for any hazardous or toxic substance that is discovered or review and released during construction The plan will regwre the approval by RCFPD developer to properly clean-up and remove any contaminated soil or other material, restore the affected area to background conditions or to regulatory threshold levels far the contaminant(s) accidentally released or discovered and , deliver the contaminated material to an appropriate treatment , recycling, or landfill facility in accordance with the regulations for the type of contaminant accidentally released and collected for management This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the RCFPD 9-2 Each individual lot owner will be requred to maintain their BO E side and back yards with 30 feet of urigated'Yirewtse"Zone 1 RCFPD to A Notice/Erie for landscaping or egwvalent No bwldings are to be bwlt within conduct annual RCFPD to perform this setback area Swimming pools and non-combustible inspections required work if deck coverings are permissible Any remaining portion of the needed backyard lot will be maintained to either Zone 1 or Zone 2 criteria depending on the lot depth This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Rancho Cucamonga Fire Protection District 9-3 Landscape and maintenance for the manufactured BO E RCFPD to A Notice/Fine for slopes common areas will be to Zone 2 criteria These areas conduct annual RCFPD to perform may be irrigated, ornamental firewise landscaping, or planted inspections requued work if with native fire resistant plants and trees Access points every 500 feet shall be available to perform annual needed maintenance This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Rancho Cucamonga Fire Protecbon Distract -• .. anon zone easement shall be BO E ~ to the northern prolectboundary RCFPD to A Notice/Fine for idor and on flood control distract conduct annual RCFPD to perform otic vegetation will be treated to inspections required work rf and 50 feet in width Also, a Fuel needed of 75 feet m Hndth wdl be created enance authonry adtacent to the Alternatively, the tentative tract Ilow an appropnate onsrte Fuel northern boundary if the electric s measure shall be implemented echo Cucamonga Fve Protection Lures within the Tract 14749 BO D RCFPD or City to A 3 vdh a Class A Roof Assembly, conduct ovenng and attic orfoundahon mspecuons anon openings in vertical walls re inches per opening These with ~/. inch mesh corrosion- ~r other approved material that Attic ventilation shall also comply with the requirements of the Uniform Building Code (U B C ) Ventilation louvers and openings maybe incorporated as part of access assemblies This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Rancho Cucamonga Fire Protection Distract 9-6 A six-foot high solid non-combustible wall shall be CP D Developer to A 3 constructed along the entire length of the north, east and west construct property lines to minimize fire danger This measure shall be perimeter walls implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department 9-7 Prior to the issuance of the first occupancy permit, the CP D Developer to A 3 applicant shall provide signs along the community trails, prepare and including the west bank of East Etiwanda Creek, that warn install signs per residents of the potential nsk of wildlife/human interactions City direction The wording, design, number, and placement of the signs shall be to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department • • ,~ f • • rtit.+R ~n'm~y~ ~ 9.O~Hazards ; ~ ~,.~ a ~ .v~,'r~ . , -- 9-8 The applicant shall provide wildlife resistant trash receptacles at the parks and other public facilities to prevent foraging by local wildlife The design and placement of the receptacles shall be to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department .. CP _ . D - eveloper shall provide requred faalities .. .. A -. .. ~,.~-u <,, , .. v ,~4-. ,~.~.'~ 3 10.0 Noise •~ ~nnr;~. ; °~„~ a ~ w, - soh `t 10-1 Construction or grading noise level h ll _ .., ~ .. w, s s a not exceed the standards specified in Development Code Section CP C Developer shall A 4 17 02 120-D, as measured at the property line Developer retain noise shall hire a consultant to perform weekly noise level momtonng as specdied m Development Cod S t consultant to perform required e ec ion 17 02 120 Monitonng at other times may be regwred by the momtonng Planning Division Said consultant shall report their findings to the Planning Division within 24 hours, however, if noise levels exceed the above standards, then the consultant shall immediately notify the Planning Dvision If noise levels exceed the above standards, then construction actmties shall be reduced in intensity to a level of compliance with above noise standards or halted 10-2 Dunng construction, haul truck deliveries shall not take BO C City Inspectors to A q place between the hours of S 00 p m and 6 30 a m on monitor weekdays, including Saturday, or at any time on Sunday or a compliance national holiday Additionally, if heavy trucks used forhauling dunng would exceed 100 daily taps (counting both to and from the construction construction site), then the developer shall prepare a noise mitigation plan denoting any construction traffic haul routes To the extent feasible, the plan shall denote haul routes that do not pass sensitive land uses or residential dwellings - 10.0 Noise ,a.. ~ , ~~, ,k4g~ .. , ~ -. ~ ~. ,~ i>~~'<~Tk,~,~.,Y~a'^¢;'~°x;~a, , ~; ~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~ .. ~ ~~~~ 10-3 Pnorto the issuance of radm and buddm 9 9 g permits for BO B Developer to - D each phase, the developer shall confirm to Building and p Safety in writing that all construction egwpment fixed or submit , mobile, shall use properly operating mufflers No combustion documentation of egwpment, such as pumps or generators, shall be allowed to compliance to operate within 500 feet of any occupied residence from 6 30 City p m to 7 a m unless the egwpment is surrounded by a noise protection barrier Stationary egwpment shall be placed in such a manner as emitted noise is dvected away from sensitive receptors Additionally, stockpiling of vehicles and staging areas shall be located as far as practical from sensitive noise receptors as well The developer shall include this provision and adherence to all conditions of approval as a requirement of all construction contracts for this site This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department 10-4 Prior to the issuance of grading and/or bulding permits, CP B Developer C 2 all construction staging shall be performed at least 500 feet submits plan to from occupied dwellings The location of staging areas, as City for revew indicated on the grading plan, will be subject to review and C A approval by the City Planning Department City Inspectors 4 monitor 10-5 Prior to the issuance of building permits for each phase, BO B Developer shall C, D 2 the developerwill document that exterior residential areas will submit proof of have exterior noise levels of less than 65 d8 CNEL, to the compliance satisfaction of the City Building and Safety Department 10-6 Prior to the issuance of occupancy permits for each BO D Developer shall D 3 phase, the developer shall document that interior living areas submit proof of have noise levels less than 45 d8 CNEL, to the satisfaction of compliance the Bulding and Safety Department 10-7 Prior to the issuance of bulding permits for each phase, BO D City Inspectors to A, D 2 the developer shall incorporate site designs and measures to venfy compliance help reduce proposed noise levels over the long-term Residential lots wdh rear yards or side yards adjacent to collector streets (i a Lower Crest) shall be constructed with a 6-foot block wall along the perimeter or demonstrate with an additional noise study that ultimate traffic volumes onsite will not exceed the noise performance standards in the City Development Code to the satisfaction of the Building and Safety Department • ,~ ~.~i ... -. 11.0 Public Services ti, °,.f_~g~.~°=.~. 1- ~ ,xc~€~ ,_ t~~ ~ , s *~~<- ~..~, ~,~.~ ~ - , 11-1 Pnor to the issuance of bulding permits for each phase, BO B Developer to D 2 the developer and/or individual homebuilders shall pay all legally established public service fees, including police, fire, submit proof of fee payments schools, parks, and libraries to the affected public agences as stipulated in the Development Agreement This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Building and Safety Department 11-2 Prior to the Issuance of bulding permits for each phase, CP B Developer to C 2 the developer and/or individual homebwlders shall comply with all design regwrements of affected public agencies such submit plans to agencies for as police, fire, health, etc This measure shall be rewew and implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning approval Department 11-3 Pnor to the issuance of building permits for each phase, FC B Developer to C 2 the applicant shall obtain approval of the Fire Department with submit plans to regard to determination of adequate fue flow and installation RCFD for review of acceptable fire resistant structural materials in protect and approval buildings 11-4 Prior to the issuance of occupancy permits for each BO D Developer shall B 3 phase, the applicant shall pay all legally established impact submit proof of fees to the Etiwanda School Dtstnct and the Chaffey Joint payment of school Umon High School District in accordance with state law tees Proof of such payment shall be submitted to City Bwlding and Safety Department 11-5 Prior to recordation for each phase, the developer shall CE B Developer shall D 1 post a bond in an amount to be determined by the City demonstrate Engineering Department to ensure installation and payment of bond maintenance of all public and private roads and drainage facilities necessary for each phase of the protect This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer 12.0 Utilities '~°~. *`°~`~~~" ~_ 12-1 Priorto the issuance of building permits for each phase, BO B Developer shall B 2 the applicant shall provide funding to the Cucamonga County demonstrate Water District for sewer service Additionally, the Cucamonga payment County W ater District will be required to provide funds to the Inland Empire Utilities Agency for treatment of the protect's wastewater Proof of such payment shall be submitted to the Cdy Budding and Safety Department • .. .. -' - a 12 0"Utilities ~~~`~'~~~'~` ~ 4 t' ~~~ ~ -. ~ ~ ~ - - ~ ~ - N . , .~~xyy~,~9 '. 1 ,~ t` 'ris v: u ` {-, ~ F a„ .,i. x ~, a S>3Ji w,_ u ~., n ~» 't r.,... f >, ,<' ~xvrya; 12-2 Pr t th . a ~ wr o e issuance of grading permts, development CE B D l plans shall be provided to Southern California Edison the eve oper shall B p , Gas Company, and Verizon, as they become available in submit proof of order to faahtate engmeenng, design and constructor of review and improvements necessary to provide electrical, natural gas, approval by other and telephone service to the protect site This shall be done agences to the sabsfaction of the Cdy Engineer 123 Pnor to the issuance of bulding permits, the applicant CE B shall apply for and obtain will-serve letters from SCE SCGC Developer shall B p , , and Verizon and place them on file with the City Engineer submit service letters from other agencies 12-4 Prior to the issuance of building permits, the applicant CE B Developer shall B C shall comply with the guidelines provided by SCE SCGC and , 2 , , Verizon in regard to easement restrictions, construction submit proof of review and gudelines, protection of pipeline easements, and potential approval by other amendments to right-of-way m the areas of any existing easements of these companies This shall be done to the agencies satisiaclion of the City Engineer ~a.o aesmatfos ~~~'~~=x~"t ~~~"~4 ~ ~ _~~;~ -~,~v~,`,;,; . ~. ,~, ~ . ~. y~ ~a a ~=~~~ ~ -~~.~ ~, r °~- 13-1 All outdoor lighting shall be submdted to the Planning CP B Developer shall C 2 Department for plan check and shall comply with the submit lighting requirements of Etiwanda North Specific Plan design plans to City for guidelines and the City General Plan This measure shall be review and implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planner approval 13-2 Prior to issuance of building permits the developer shall CE B Developer shall C 2 submd construction plans for any signage associated with the submd signage site, including entrance monuments (but excluding street plans to City for signs and traffic signs), primanly of natural appearing review and materials (i a wood and rock), consistent with the Etiwanda approval North Specific Plan design guidelines If signs are lighted, light must be directed toward the sign rather than backlighting This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department 133 Prtorto final inspection or occupancy of each phase, the CP D Cary Planners to A 3 City wdl evaluate the site lighting, including entrance lighting, inspect hghbng The lighting will be adequately shielded or directed to mmim¢e on-and offsde impacts, to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department •. .. ~ ... • -. . .. 13.0 Aesthetics ~ `."'~.,~ -- ~ ° ~ ~` 4': ' . e ' _ ~`"~``~ =s-~>~~"`~'`" ~ °'~"' u • , M~~r. $'4 ,A _ mi ~5~ 13-4 Pnor to recordation for each phase, the developer will BO B Developer to D 1 provide the telephone numbers of persons to contact if there provide numbers are complaints about noise, odors, night-lighting, etc from to City activities on the protect site This mformatron should be displayed on a sign visible from the entrance to the development This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Bwlding and Safety Department 13-5 Prior to issuance of building permits the developer will CP B Developer to C 2 prepare a detailed landscaping and wall treatment plan for the submit landscape Phase 1 area along the "Lower West Collector,' to the plans to City for satisfaction of the City Planning Department Special attention review and shall be given to the landscape treatments along Etiwanda approval Avenue and East Avenue and at entrances to the protect 14.0 Cultural Resources "'° ~~ <. ~;°, " ~""~ 14-1 A qualified paleontologist shall conduct a CP B Developer to A D B 2 I preconstruction Geld survey of the protect sde The retain paleo to , , paleontologist shall submit a report of findings that will also survey site provide specrfic recommendations regarding further mdigahon measures (i e , paleontological monitoring) that may be approprate Where mitigation monitoring is appropriate, the program must include, but not be limited to, the following measures • Assign a paleontological monitor, trained and egwpped to allow the rapid removal of fossils Hnth minimal construction delay, to the site full-time during the interval of earth-disturbing actiwties, • Should fossils be found within an area being cleared or graded, divert earth-disturbing activities elsewhere until the monitor has completed salvage If construction personnel make the discovery, the grading contractor should immediately divert construction and notify the monitor of the find, and Submit summary report to City of Rancho Cucamonga Transfer collected specimens with a copy of the report to San Bernardino County Museum -. - .. - - ~~ archaeological resources are ~Cp C ,rig grading, the developer wdl Developerwdl A q dogist to monitor construction retain archaeo measures to protect or preserve monitor ~istance of the archaeologist, the will 3sures to protect undesignated agnrficant modificauon without an to establish ds archaeological shmg provisions to require aeological sites wdhin new ~v special qualities as a theme or • rursue eoucating the public about the area's archaeological heritage, • Propose mitigation measures and recommend conditions of approval to eliminate adverse protect effects on significant, important, and unique prehistoric resources, following appropriate CE~A gwdelines, • Prepare a technical resources management report, documenting the inventory, evaluation, and proposed ' mitigahon of resources wdhm the protect area Submd one copy of the completed report with original illustrations, to the San Bernardino County Archaeological Information Center for permanent archiving, and • If artifacts of Natwe American (NA) origin are discovered, official representatives ofthe NA group will be consulted to determine the most appropriate disposdwn of the artifacts, to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department in agreement with County Museum and the NA rou 15.0 Agricultural Resources ~'-, ~ - ~~:;~~. n~Fr'a ,m . ~~~„=` ~ ° `~ 'S':-~ "` ~`" a~ ~'~"`"~``~~ a,. .sit ~5~2~..' t None Required ~B ..r! 0 Reoreation ~s~, 16 '#?`m'Yi~T*~':.a tiu~. raJ ,,,; , .. ~ xf ~sS~ ~ ; " ~ b-N A, ~~,r~ n .~ 4tlY . , ~ ~ , u ~ ,~ , r~ 16-1 The applicant will submit conceptual park design and CP B Developer to C 2 landscaping plans to the City subtect to the approval of the submit park plans City Planning Department to City for review and approval ! • • Key to Checklist Abbreviations Responsible Person Monitoring Frequency Method of Verlllcatlon Sanctions CDD -Community Development Director or designee A -With Each New Development A - On-site Inspection 1 -Withhold Recordation of Final Map CP -City Planner or designee B -Prior To Construction B -Other Agency Permit /Approval 2 -Withhold Grading or Building Permit CE -City Engineer or designee BO -Building Offiaal or designee C -Throughout Construction C -Plan Check 3 -Withhold Certficate of Occupancy PO -Police Captain or designee D - On Completion D -Separate Submittal (Reports / Studies /Plans) 4 - Stop W ork Order FC - Fue Chief or designee E -Operating 5 -Retain Deposit or Bonds 6 -Revoke CUP ~i / . RESOLUTION NO 04-76 A RESOLUTION OF THE PLANNING COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF RANCHO CUCAMONGA, CALIFORNIA, RECOMMENDING, APPROVAL OF ETIWANDA NORTH SPECIFIC PLAN AMENDMENT DRC2003-00409, A REQUEST TO CHANGE THE DISTRICT DESIGNATION FOR APPROXIMATELY 168 77 ACRES OF LAND FROM VERY LOW RESIDENTIAL (1-2 DWELLING UNITS PER ACRE) TO LOW RESIDENTIAL (2-4 DWELLING UNITS PER ACRE) AND CONSERVATION, AND MASTER PLANNED CIRCULATION MODIFICATIONS TO THE NORTH, FOR LAND GENERALLY LOCATED NORTH OF THE SCE CORRIDOR BETWEEN ETIWANDA AVENUE AND EAST AVENUE, ,MAKING FINDINGS IN SUPPORTTHEREOF-APN 0225-083-05, O6, 07, 10, 22, 23, 25, AND 26 AND 0225-084-02 A Recitals 1 Traigh Pacific filed an application to amend the zoning designation of the Etrvvanda North Specific Plan, as described in the title of this Resolution Hereinafter in this Resolution, the subtect Amendment is referred to as "the application " 2 On the 9th day of June 2004, the Planning Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga conducted a duly noticed public hearing on the application and concluded said hearing on that date 3 By Resolution No 04-75, the Planning Commission has certified the Environmental Impact Report (EIR) prepared for the project as being in compliance with the requirements of the California Environmental Quality Act (Public Resources Code Section 21000 et seq) for purposes of taking action on the Tentative Tract Map and has recommended that the City Council certify the EIR for purposes of taking action on the related Etiwanda North Specific Plan Amendment 4 All legal preregwsites prior to the adoption of this Resolution have occurred B Resolution NOW, THEREFORE, it is hereby found, determined, and resolved by the Planning Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga as follows 1 This Commission hereby specifically finds that all of the facts set forth in the Recitals, Part A, of this Resolution are true and correct 2 Based upon the facts and information contained in the record of this prolect, the Planning Commission makes the following findings and statements, and takes the following actions, pursuant to the California Environmental Quality Act ("CEQA°) (Public Resources Code Section 21000 et seq ) a The Project that has been evaluated under CEQA involves a series of actions related to the annexation of land from unincorporated San Bernardino County into the City of Rancho Cucamonga, the approval of a General Plan Amendment, Etiwanda North Specific Plan Amendment, Tentative Tract Map No 14749 ("TTM 14749") and the assoaated Development Agreement The proposed protect includes 269 single-family housing units on approximately 168 8 acres and includes a 3 1 acre neighborhood park, 2 7 acre equestrian park, 44 acre equestrian trail, and 61 5 acres of remainder lots for flood control purposes The gross density of the protect is approximately 1 59 F S ~oZ PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-78 ENSPA DRC2003-00409 - TRAIGH PACIFIC . JUNE 9, 2004 Page 2 dwelling units per acre, a net density of 2 5 units per acre, a minimum lot size of 8,400 square feet, and an average lot size of 11,600 square feet b The City of Rancho Cucamonga, acting as the lead agency, prepared the Draft Environmental Impact Report ("Draft EIR") for the Protect (State Cleannghouse No 2003081085) The Draft EIR was circulated fora 45-day public review and comment penod from Decembers, 2003 through January 28, 2004 Comments were received dunng that penod and wntten responses were prepared and sent to all commentors Those comments and the responses thereto have been included in the Final EIR, as have the appendices to the Draft EIR Those documents together compose the Final EIR c The Planning Commission finds that the Final EIR was completed pursuant to the CEQA, and the State Gwdelines for Implementation of CEQA, 14 California Code of Regulations, Section 15000, et seq ("the Guidelines") By Resolution No 04-75, the Planning Commission has certified the EIR as being in compliance with the requirements of the CEQA d The Planning Commission finds that the Final EIR was presented to the Planning Commission and that the Planning Commission reviewed and considered the information in the Final EIR and has reached its own conclusions vnth respect to the Protect and as to whether and how to recommend approval of vanous components of the protect approvals before makings its recommendation in this Resolution e The Planning Commission finds that the Final EIR represents the independent tudgment of the Planning Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga and adequately addresses the impacts of the Protect and imposes appropnate mitigation measures for the Protect f The Planning Commission finds, based upon the Initial Study, the Final EIR, public comments, public agency comments, and the entire record before it, that the Protect may create significant impacts m the areas of Earth Resources, Water Resources, Transportation/Circulation, Air Qualdy, Biological Resources, Hazards, Noise, Public Services, Utilities, Aesthetics, and Cultural Resources The proposed protect vnll also contnbute incrementally to cumulatively considerable impacts related to land use, flood control, water quality from urban runoff, loss of alluvial fan sage scrub, hazardous matenal dumping, congestion of evacuation routes, overcrowded schools, inadequate utildies, and loss of views With respect to the impacts to all of these resources and services, the EIR identifies mitigation measures for each of those impacts that v~nll substantially lessen the impacts g Implementation of mitigation measures identified in the Final EIR will substantially mitigate many of the environmental impacts descnbed in paragraph f of this Section, to the extent feasible, as descnbed in Exhibit A of Resolution No 04-75, which is incorporated herein by reference The Final EIR also identifies significant adverse impacts that cannot be fully mitigated or avoided, including impacts from short-term impacts on air quality from construction-related emissions, long-term impacts on air quality from protect emissions, and biological resources h The Final EIR descnbes a range of alternatives to the Protect that might fulfill basic obtectrves of the Protect These alternatives include the regwred "No Protect-No Development" alternative, and the "No Protect -Open Space" alternative, the "Reduced Density" altematrve, the Modified Site Plan (clustered)" altematrve, and the "Rural Density' Altematrve As set forth in the Exhibit A of Resolution No 04-75, the alternatives identified in the EIR are not feasible because they would not achieve the basic obtectrves of the Protect or would do so only to a much smaller degree F S l03 PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-78 ENSPA DRC2003-00409 - TRAIGH PACIFIC JUNE 9, 2004 Page 3 and, therefore, leave unaddressed the significant economic, infrastructure, and General Plan goals that the Pro/ect is intended to accomplish, and are thus infeasible due to social and economic considerations, and/or they are infeasible because they would not eliminate the adverse environmental impacts of the proposed Protect Accordingly, the Planning Commission recommends that the City Councl find each of the alternatives is infeasible i Mitigation measures descnbed in the Mitigation Monitonng Program wdl avoid or substantially lessen the potentially significant environmental effects of the Protect Further, the environmental, physical, socal, economic and other benefits of the Project, as set forth in this Section and Resolution No 0475, and specfically Exhibit A thereto, ,which is incorporated herein by this reference, outweigh any unavoidable, significant, adverse impacts that may occur as a result of the Protect, including short-term impacts on air quality from construction-related emissions, cumulative long-term impacts on air quality from pro/ect emissions, and impacts to biological resources Therefore, due to ovemding benefits of the Pro/ect and because the altematrves identified in the EIR are not feasible, as discussed in paragraph i above, the Planning Commission hereby recommends that the City Councl find that any unavoidable impacts of the Protect, including the mitigated but unavoidable impacts from short-term impacts on air quality from construction- related emissions, long-term impacts on air quality from pro/ed emissions, and impacts to biological resources are acceptable based on the findings contained herein and in Resolution No 04-75 and the staff report, which are incorporated herein by this reference This determination shall constitute the Planning Commission's recommendation to the City Counal for a statement of ovemding considerations vnthin the meaning of CEQA and is based on any one of the follov~nng environmental and other benefits of the Pro/ect identified in the Final EIR and the record of the Planning Commission's proceedings i Providing for the use of land consistent with the established polices and goals of the City of Rancho Cucamonga General Plan, Etiwanda North Speafic Plan, City Development Code, and all other City Development guidelines, Annexing the protect site into the City of Rancho Cucamonga, ni Integrating the pro/ect with the character of the surrounding neighborhoods and establish a development that results in logical, coordinated growth, rv Establishing a project-wide crculation system that meets regional and local transportation needs and accommodates both vehicles and pedestnans, v Providing a system of publiGcommunity faalities, including trails, open space areas, and landscaping to support the residents of the project and surrounding area in an efficent and timely manner, vi Limiting Impacts to surrounding uses and residents, and to the community character, vn Providing backbone public infrastructure (i a roads, utilities) to serve protect residents and the surrounding community, • vui Minimizing impacts to, and generate revenues in excess of costs for, vanous public service agences, and ~ ~ ~o~ PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-78 . ENSPA DRC2003-00409 - TRAIGH PACIFIC JUNE 9, 2004 Page 4 ix Providing quality housing opportunities compatible with existing and planned development that responds to market demands ~ The Planning Commission recommends that the Mitigation Measures in the FINAL EIR that correspond to the environmental impacts which may result from the Prolecl be adopted and made a condition of approval of, or incorporaied into, the Protect The Planning Commission also recommends that the City Council adopt the "Mitigation Mondonng Plan" attached hereto as Exhibit C The Mitigation Monitonng Plan Hell be used to monitor compliance with the mitigation measures and conditions that have been adopted or made a condition of Project approval as set forth in this Section of this Resolution and Exhibit C of this Resolution 3 Based upon the substantial evidence presented to this Commission dunng the above-referenced public heanng on June 9, 2004, including wntten and oral staff reports, together with public testimony, this Commission hereby specifically finds as follows a The application applies to property currently located within the City of Rancho Cucamonga's Sphere of Influence The application applies to approximately 168 77 acres of land, basically a rectangular configuration, located north of the SCE Comdor between Etiwanda Avenue and East Avenue, and is presently vacant, undeveloped, land Said property is currently designated as Very Low Residential (1-2 dwelling units per acre) and is proposed as Low Residential (2-4 dwelling units per acre) and Resource Conservation as shown in Exhibit "A" attached, and Master . Planned Circulation Modifications as shown in Exhibit "B" attached, and b The property to the north of the sub/ect site is designated Flood Control/Utility Comdor and Hillside Residential and is compnsed of vacant land, utility comdors, and scattered single-family residences The property to the southeast is designated Very Low Residential, Conservation and Flood Control/Utility Corndor and includes Etiwanda Creek Flood Control basins and conservation area The property to the west is currently vacant and is designated Low Residential and is the site of the future Rancho Etiwanda Estates The property to the east is designated Very Low Residential (1-2 dwelling units per acre) and is the site of proposed Tentative Tract Map 16324 -Henderson Creek Properties The property to the south is designated Flood Control/Utility Comdor, Conservation, and Very Low Residential and includes vacant land, and utility comdors and is the proposed site of Tentative Tract Map 16072 -Richland Pinehurst, and c This amendment does not conflict with the Land Use or Circulation Polices of the General Plan, and will provide for development within the distnd in a manner consistent with the General Plan and vv~th related development, and d This amendment does promote the goals and objectives of the Land Use Element and Circulation Element, and e This amendment would not be matenally intunous or detnmental to the adtacent - properties and would not have a significant impact on the environment nor the surrounding properties 4 Based upon the substantial evidence presented to this Commission dunng the • above-referenced public heanng and upon the specfic findings of facts set forth in paragraphs 1, 2 and 3 above, this Commission hereby finds and concludes as follows ~ 7 SOS PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-78 ENSPA DRC2003-00409 - TRAIGH PACIFIC JUNE 9, 2004 Page 5 a The subtect property is swtabie for the uses permitted m the proposed distnct in terms of access, size, and compatibility with existing land use in the surrounding area, as evidenced by its frontage on a public street and its size exceeding minimum size regwrements for the land use designation, and b The proposed amendment would not have significant impacts on the environment nor the surrounding properties, and c The proposed amendment is m conformance with the General Plan and the Etiwanda North Speafic Plan 5 The Planning Commission has reviewed and considered the assoGated Environmental Impact Report prepared for said project This Commission hereby recommends that the City CounGl make the following findings a The facts and findings set forth in the Statement of Facts and Findings are supported by substantial evidence m the administrative record and the Final EIR b The Final EIR has identified all sigmficant physical environmental impacts of the project and there are no known potentially sigmficant physically environmental impacts not addressed m the Final EIR c The significant physical impacts identified in the Final EIR, as a result of the protect have been mitigated, avoided, or reduced to an acceptable level by the imposition of mitigation measures on the protect These mitigation measures are attached hereto as part of the Mitigation Monitonng Program and are incorporated herein by this reference d The EIR identified unavoidable protect related impacts to short-term and long-term air quality as descnbed m the Statement of Facts of Findings and the Final EIR, mitigation measures are incorporated into the protect to reduce all other impacts to less than significant levels The cumulative impacts of the project m relation to other protects in the area have been considered The EIR identified unavoidable cumulative impacts as descnbed in the Statement of Facts of Findings and the Final EIR related to land use, Flood control, water quality from urban runoff, loss of alluvial fan sage scrub, hazardous matenal dumping, congestion of evacuation routes, overcrowded schools, inadequate utilities, and loss of views 6 Based upon the findings and conclusions set forth m paragraphs 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 above, this Commission hereby recommends approval of Etiwanda North Specific Plan Amendment DRC2003-00409 to establish a Low Residential Distnct at the site descnbed in this Resolution The Secretary to this Commission shall certify to the adoption of this Resolution APPROVED AND ADOPTED THIS 9TH DAY OF JUNE 2004 PLANNING COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF RANCHO CUCAMONGA • BY Rich Macias, Chairman ~'.~ ~U~ PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-78 ENSPA DRC2003-00409 - TRAIGH PACIFIC • JUNE 9, 2004 Page 6 ATTEST Brad Buller, Secretary I, Brad Buller, Secretary of the Planning Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga, do hereby certify that the foregoing Resolution was duty and regularly introduced, passed, and adopted by the Planning Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga, at a regular meeting of the Planning Commission held on the 9th day of June 2004, by the following vote-to-wit AYES COMMISSIONERS NOES COMMISSIONERS NOES COMMISSIONERS • • F S ~o~ 1000 0 1000 2000 Feet ® PROPOSED LOW ® PROPOSED RESOURCE CONSERVATION • ETIWANDA NORTH SPECIFIC PLAN AMENDMENT EXHIBIT "~" DRC2003-00409 -,~ l 0 ~S Pbn LEGEND ~~ Mayor Dmded Arterial •oer G«k eemeYero ^^.^^^ SpeGal Dlrtded Sectxtdary Arterial Wils¢n Avenue (east al DeY Geek Bh0.) Secondary Arterial -VAbon Avenue £twanOO Avemra •MIIkkM Avenue {leper UaY Gaek apulevar0 Ltlnry Avenue ~~~~ CA~~BCtOr •Berryan Street •gp~e¢ter Avenue Viroape Drive •WarBmen aulbck Roe0 •Summit Avenue fe¢t Avenue •Sen Sevaine -0tker Loop Street¢ ~ ,000' 2000• 4000' II-36 ExN(~t l ' `(' ~ ~ F-S ~~ Al Typical Section aN 12 Etiwanda North Specific Plan c,ty os Rancho Cucamonga ADOPTED 4J1/92 t~i~- zoo 3 - ~~ `~ °~t MITIGATION MONITORING CHECKLIST Project File No.: SCH# 2003081085 Tract Development Proiect Applicant: Tracy Development Prepared by: Kent Norton -Michael Brandman Associates Date: April 28. 2004 ~_ O • ... ~ -• .. 1.0 Land Use and Plannirig~~`"'~`"'" . ; ~ , „ , 1-1 Pnor to recordation of each phase, or issuance of grading CP Pnor to Recordation or C, D 1, 2 permits for each phase, the applicant shall submit and obtain recordation grading permit approval of a landscape plan that demonstrates compliance or issuance issuance with the Cdy of Rancho Cucamonga's Neighborhood Theme of grading Plan in the Etiwanda North Specific Plan, to the satisfaction of permits for the City Planning Department each phase 2.0 Po ulationandHousin ~ sx~^~-~`ri~'r" ~ k+'~"`'~`~ '~ `~ "~'"~`~~"` ~~`.'z~ ~'»= ' a'; ~ ~_ None Required __ __ __ __ __ __ 3.0 Earth Resources _~` ° ~ ~ .,`,~_ '~~ °,°s ~; ~^k ~" 3 ' ~ u ~„za~; y°m~pr,~ ^ ~ Y - ~ ~ , .. _ r 5 'Y» ,p ~ ~ Ytt` r2P xt.~ ves l. ~4t-_ 3-1 Prior to the issuance of bwlding permits, the developer BO B Prior to bwlding C 2 shall demonstrate that each lot is buildable & complies with permit issuance the recommendations and general earthwork and grading specifications found in the RMA Group Geotechnical Investigation (DEIR Appendix C) This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Budding Official 3-2 Pnor to the issuance of gradmg permds and/or BO B Pnor to gradmg C 1 , 2 recordation of each phase, a detailed geologic and permit issuance geotechnical investigation shall be prepared and approved for and/or recordation the residential bwlding areas and all roads The report shall of each phase demonstrate that each lot is buldable and identify potential geologm and soil limdations and recommend appropriate engineering and design measures to adequately protect structures and inhabitants This report shall also examine the drainage area adjacent to East Etiwanda Creek to identity potential landslide, erosion, or other slopes that could affect the residential area Subsequent foundation and other design guidelines in these studies shall be consistent with the standards established in the RMA Group Geotechnical Investigation (DEIR Appendix C) This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Cdy Engineer ~,~N . - 2~ ~# .vin. .Y. .. ~ v., u,,. ~. .. ~. ., '°`t~e 5,a~.'m a, l ,u. $"et ~+r,~i iµ -~~~"~~` f grading permits and/or Tres recommended 6y the BO B Pnor to grading C t, p identified in Measure 3-2 permit issuance ms and implemented to the and/or recordation ,ding permit for each phase , submit a Dust Control Plan to B0 B C Pnor to grading A, C p, q :able requirements of the permd issuance proved by the Cary Building for each phase o issuance of the grading :hods are in place to assure ~n actrvdies and/or used to sprayed with water at least afternoon, or more often if ig from the site left in place for more than ~e sprayed with anon-toxic or revegetated until placed ;d before the vehicle leaves ed road e removed daily to mimm¢e ding permits, where cut and CP B Prior to building A 2 than three feet, a detailed permit Issuance Landscape and Irrigation Plan shall be submdted to the Cdy Planning Department prior to grading plan approval The plans shall be reviewed for type and density of ground cover, shrubs, and trees, and shall be consistent with the Neighborhood Theme Plan of the Etiwanda North Specific Plan This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Cdy Planner 3-6 Pnor to the issuance of budding permits, graded, but BO B, C Pnor to budding A, C 2, 3 undeveloped land shall be maintained weed-free and planted permit issuance with interim landscaping within ninety days of completion of grading, unless building permits are obtained This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Building Offiaal ~ _~ 1 .. ... -. .. 3.0~`Earth Resources ~.F~~.°tin, ~ ~ ~ „", ~,, ~; 3-7 Prior to the issuance of occupancy permits, planting of CE B, C Prior to A, C 3 developed land shall comply with the Na4onal Pollutant occupancy permit Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Best Management issuance Practices Construction Handbook Section 6 2 This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer 3-8 Prior to the issuance of building permits, all grading shall BO B, C Prior to bulding A, C 2 be conducted in conformance with the recommendations permit issuance contained within the Geotechnical Report included as DEIR Appendix B This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Cdy Engineer 4.0 Water Resources - - ° ' ' :~ `' v,""~'~ ~`.'~' ~ ~ w-' ' ~ ~' ' ~ > > 4-1 Pnor to the issuance of a grading permit, the developer CE B Pnor to grading A, C 2 shall obtain Clean W ater Act Section 401 and 404 permits (for permit issuance water quality certification for dredge and fill operations), if necessary, from the U S Army Corps of Engineers Copies of the same shall be provided to City Building and Safety This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer 4-2 Prior to issuance of the first occupancy permit, the CE B Prior to issuance B 3 planned revetment along the East Etiwanda Channel adjacent of fust occupancy to the prolect site shall be installed, sublect to approval by the permit San Bernardino County f=lood Control District and receipt of that approval to the Cdy Engineer 4-3 Prior to the recordation of each phase or approval of a CE B Pnor to the A, B, C ~ ~ 2 grading permit, the prolect proponent will implement the on- recordation of and off-site drainage system improvements as outlined in the each phase or prolect Drainage Study (DEIR Appendix D) This includes approval of a detention facilities proposed at 24th Street (Wilson Avenue) grading permit and Etiwanda Creek or onsrte, participation in the County's Etiwanda Creek tee program, and participation in the Cily of Rancho Cucamonga's Etiwanda/San Sevaine Area Drainage Policy program, including appropriate fair share fees Implementatien of this measure is sublect to review and approval by the Cily Engineer prior to issuance of a grading permd '~ -. .. 4.O~VVater'Resources'~ .aF~ ,,.,+~ ~, `"<`'°+~`" 4-4 Prior to issuance of bwlding permits, the applicant shall CE B Prior to bwiding D 2 submit to the City Engineer for approval of a W ater Quality permit issuance Management Plan (WIMP), including a protect description and identifying Best Management Practices (BMPs) that will be used on-site to reduce pollutants into the storm drain system to the maximum extent practicable The WQMP shall identify the structural and non-structural measures consistent with the Gwdelines for New Development and Redevelopment adopted by the City of Rancho Cucamonga June 2000 4-5 Prior to issuance of grading or paving permits, applicant CE B Prior to grading or D 2 shall submit to the City Engineer a Notice of Intent (N01) to paving permits comply with obtaining coverage under the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) General Construction Storm W ater Permit from the State Water Resources Control Board Evidence that this has been obtained (i e , a copy of the Waste Dischargers Identification Number) shall be submitted to the City Engineerforcoverage underthe NPDES General Construction Permit 4-6 Pnor to the issuance of bwidmg permts, drainage and CE B Pror to bwlding A, C 2 flood control facilities and improvements shall be designed permit issuance and constructed in accordance with the San Bernardino County Flood Control District regwrements, as applicable This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the County Flood Control District and receipt of approval by the Cdy Engineer 4-7 Pnor to issuance of a grading permit, the developer will CE B Prior to grading C 2 pay the required drainage fee related to the San Bernardino permit issuance County Flood Control District Ehwanda Creek watershed This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the County Flood Control District and receipt of approval by the Cdy Engineer s • • • 5.0 Trans ortation and ~ ~ ,..~~ p Circulation .. y~r~, `~„ ~ ; ~-` <' -. 3 r a~ ~ ~, "~~" \ .. ~~°' s~~'~° ' ""'~~ '~' .~`~• ~` 5-1 Pnor to the issuance of the first occupancy permit for the CE D Pnor to first B, D 3 protect, the following intersections are protected to be occupancy permit warranted for traffic signals by opening year • Day Creek Boulevard (NS) at Banyan Avenue (EW ) issuance • Day Creek Boulevard (NS) at SR-210 West Bound Ramp(EW) • Day Creek Boulevard (NS) at SR-210 East Bound Ramp (EW) • Etiwanda Avenue (NS) at Banyan Avenue (EW) • Etiwanda Avenue (NS) at Wilson Avenue (EW) • East Avenue (NS) at Banyan Avenue (EW ) The applicant shall make a fair share contribution, as identified in the protect traffic report, to the traffic signal mitigation program of the County of San Bernardino and/or City of Rancho Cucamonga, as appropriate This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer 5-2 Pnor to the issuance of building permits for each phase, CE C Pnor to building A, B, C 2 the protect shall incorporate bus turn-outs and/or shelters if permit issuance requued by Omni-Trans and/or the Transportation for each phase - Commission The protect applicant shall consult wdh and obtain clearance from these agencies to assure compliance with the Regional Mobility and Air Quality Management Plans Confirmation of contact and compliance with then requirements shall be provided to the City Engineer This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer 5-3 Pnor to the issuance of budding permits for each phase, CE B Prwr to bwldmg C 2 the applicant shall pay a fair share basis for off-site permit issuance improvements as identified in the protect traffic report This for each phase measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer, including but not limited to the following 24'" Avenue (Wilson Avenue) from Etiwanda Avenue to Day Creek, • Day Creek Boulevard from 24'" (Wilson) to Highland Avenue, • 24~" (Wilson) between Etiwanda Avenue and Wardman Bullock Road, and • East Avenue from south of the protect limit to 23rd Street 5.0 Transportation and Circulation; ~..',~ -. -. .. ,,- ~` ~ ~ • ~*~~ _ - 5-4 Pnor to the issuance of bwlding permits for each phase, CE B Pnor to bwldmg C 2 the applicant shall pay a'Yair share" contribution towards off- permit issuance site impacts to linked roadways and intersections, as outlined for each phase m the protect traffic report The protect share of the cost has been calculated based on the proportion of the protect peak hour traffic contributed to the improvement location relatwe to the total new peak hour Year 2015 traffic volume The protect's fav share of identified mtersechon and roadway hnk cost is $63,818 as of the date of the traffic study This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of City Engineer, including any changes in the protect's fau share contribution due to changes in the Consumer Price Index or similar public works measures 5-5 Prior to issuance of an occupancy permit for the first CE D Prior to first A 3 residential unit, the developer shall construct East Avenue occupancy permit and Etiwanda Avenue to City standards, as outlined in the issuance protect traffic report These improvements will be made to the satisfaction of the City Engineer 5-6 Prior to the issuance of grading permits, the developer CE B Prior to grading A, D 2 shall coordinate all construction-related actwities to minimize permit issuance congestion and delay on local roadways, to the satisfaction of Cdy Engineer • . • • . . -. .. 5.0 Transportation and Cir¢ulation`~Ay~ ~°~~ ! ts~ ~. ~,"'~"""'" , ~p 5-7 Prior to the issuance of grading permits, the developer gp g Pnor to grading D 2 shall submit a Dust Control Plan (DCP) to the Cdy Budding and Safety Department consistent with SCAQMD guidelines permd issuance The DCP shall include activities to reduce on-site and on-site dust production This measure shall be implemented to the satisfactwn of the Cdy Budding Official Such actvtes shall include, but are not limited to, the following a)Throughout grading and construction activities, exposed soil shall be kept moist through a minimum of twice daily watering to reduce fugitive dust b)Street sweeping shall be conducted, when visible soil accumulations occur along site access roadways to remove dirt dropped by construction vehicles or dried mud carried off by trucks moving dirt or bnngmg construchon matenals Sde access driveways and adtacent streets will be washed if there ' are wsible signs of any dirt track-out at the conclusion of any workday c)AIl trucks hauling dirt away from the site shall be covered to prevent the generation of fugitive dust d)During high wind conditions (i a ,wind speeds exceeding 25 mph), areas with disturbed soil will be watered hourly, and actrvroes on unpaved surfaces shall be terminated until wind speeds no longer exceed 25 mph 0 Alr Quality - 6 , -`. N3 ~ ~~~ . 4~- .4r~stp*~,;;,~ r . 6-1 During construction, all construction equpment shall be g0 C City Inspectors to A 4 maintained in good operating condition so as to reduce monitor during operational emissions Contractor shall ensure that all construction construction equipment is being properly serviced and maintained as per manufacturers' specifications Maintenance records shall be available at the construction sde for Cd ventication 6-2 Prior to the issuance of any grading permits, developer CP B Developer to C, D 2 shall submd construchon plans to Cdy denoting the proposed submd schedule and protected egwpment use Construction documentation of contractors shall provide evidence that low emission mobile compliance construction egwpment wdl be utilized, or that their use was investigated and found to be infeasible for the protect i Contractors shall also conform to any construction measures City Inspectors to A 4 imposed by the South Ccast Air ~uahty Management Distract momtor (SCAQMD) as well as City Planning Staff compliance B.0 AfrQualitY "~ ~'' ~~, .. . - .. ~~. ~. ^~~, ,~, y ry ~ ~ ~ a .. "~. .~., r* .~•w'. _ „ 6-3 During construction, all paints and coatings shall meet or BO C Cily Inspectors to A 4 exceed performance standards noted in SCAOMD Rule 1113 monitor Paints and coatings shall be applied either by hand or high compliance volume, low-pressure spray, to the satisfaction of the City during painting Inspectors 6-4 During construction, all asphalt shall meet or exceed BO C Crty Inspectors to A 4 performance standards noted in SCAOMD Rule 1108, to the monitor satisfaction of the City Inspectors compliance dunng paving 6-5 During grading and construction, the prime contractor BO C City Inspectors to A 4 shall post signs requiring that trucks shall not be left idling for monitor prolonged periods (i e , in excess of 10 minutes) compliance dunng construction 6-6 During construction, all construction equipment shall g0 C City Inspectors to A 4 comply with SCAOMD Rules 402 and 403, to the satisfaction monitor of the City Inspectors Additionally, contractors shall include compliance the following provisions during • Reestablish ground cover on the construction site construction ~ through seeding and watering, • Pave or apply gravel to any on-site haul roads, • Schedule activities to minimize the amounts of exposed excavated soil during and after the end of work periods, • Dispose of surplus excavated material in accordance with local ordinances and use sound engineering practices, • Sweep streets according to a schedule established by the City rf sdt is carved over to adjacent public thoroughfares or occurs as a result of hauling Timing may vary depending upon time of year of construction, • Suspend grading operations dunng high winds (i e , wind speeds exceeding 25 mph) in accordance with Rule 403 regwrements, and • Maintain a minimum 24-inch freeboard ratio on soils haul trucks or cover payloads using tarps or other swtable means • • • 6.0 Air Quality " -w°*rg,.~, m~>~";~c~ h y., -- . ~4~,. s~, an ,;; ~ V~ z; ~ M~~.. CRY :t`We tii=n `. .. 3", r^~ ` ~~~.g3~,k,x~~ E .,~,ny„7~.;,u.- , 6-7 During grading, the site shall be treated with water or BO B City Inspectors to A, D 4 other soil-stabilizing agent (approved by SCAOMD and monitor Regional Water Ouahty Control Board [RWOCB]) daily to compliance reduce PMIO emissions, In accordance with SCAOMD Rule during grading 403 This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Inspectors 6-B Chemical soil stabilizers (approved by SCAOMD and BO C City Inspectors to A 4 RWOCB) shall be applied to all inactive construction areas monitor that remain Inactwe for 96 hours or more to reduce PMIO compliance emissions This measure shall be implemented to the during satisfaction of the City Inspectors construction 6-9 During construction, contractors shall utilize electric or BO C City Inspectors to A 4 clean alternative fuel powered egwpment where feasible monitor This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the compliance City Inspectors 6-10 During construction, contractors shall ensure that BO C City Inspectors to A 4 construction and grading plans include a statement that work monitor crews will shut off egwpment when not in use This measure compliance ~ shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Inspectors during ~ construction 6-11 Prior to approval of bwlding permits, the developershall BO B Developer C 2 demonstrate that all residential structures have incorporated submits plans for high effiaency/low polluting healing, air conditioning, approval appliances and water heaters This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Bmldmg Official 6-12 Prior to approval of bwlding permits, the developershall BO B Developer C 2 demonstrate that all residential structures have incorporated submits plans for thermal pane windows and weather-stripping This measure approval shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Bwlding Official 6-13 Prior to the issuance of bwlding permits, the developer CP B Developer C, D 2 shall submit and obtain approval of a plan forthe provision of submits plans for adequate pedestrian and bicycle facilities for protect residents approval throughout the protect The plan shall detail the construction timing for bike racks at the two parks, sidewalks, and trails based upon completion prior to occupancy of the fast unit of the subtect phase This measure shall be Implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department T C1~ ~JJ ~1 .. .. . -• .. B.OAIrQuality~-~*~".~,, ~ 4?~r?~:~. >>„ ~~~,, _~ ~, ~.z~ ~,- 6-14 Pnor to the issuance of the first occupancy permit, the CE B Developer C D 2 applicant shall make a fair share contribution to a park and submits proof of , ride facility along the I-16 or I-10 Freeways that would serve fee payment protect residents The fair share calculation shall be determined to the satisfaction of City Engineer The applicant shall place the appropriate funds in a speaal account for such purposes This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer 6.15 Prior to issuance of the fast occupancy permit, the CE E Developer shall B D 3 applicant shall provide a bus stop/shelter at the trailhead park construct bus , to OmniTrans standards if so directed by OmniTrans, and to stop/shelter if the satisfaction of the City Engineer needed 7.0 Biological Resources r - ~ ~ •'~ ~ ti , "3~}~° •~ ~, , as. , ~_ F ~Yt"F„k~,"~~,~;~x~. a..~+'~~-- , <, , t 7-1 If necessary, the applicant shall obtain the appropriate CP B Developer shall B D 2 federal Clean Water Act (CWA) Section 404 permtt from the obtain U S Army Corps of Engineers If a permit is required, the determination applicant will mitigate any loss of turisdiclional land orwetland from USACOE if areas at a minimum 1 1 ratio, which is consistent with the permit is needed protect delineation report This measure shall be -developer shall implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning obtain if needed Department prior to the issuance of grading permits 7-2 Pnor to the issuance of a grading permit, the applicant CP B Developer shall B, D 2 shall obtain a CWA Secton 401 Certfication from the obtain Regional Water Quality Control Board, if necessary This determination measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City from RWQCB it Planning Department prior to the issuance of grading permits permit is needed -developer shall obtain if needed 7-3 If necessary, the applicant shall obtain a S[reambed CP B Developer shall B, D 2 Alteration Agreement (SAA) from the California Department of obtain Fish and Game If an SAA is regwred, the applicant will determination mtigate any loss of tunsdictional land at a minimum 1 1 ratio from CDF&G rf as recommended by the protect biology report This measure permit is needed shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning -developer shall Department prior to the issuance of grading permits obtain if needed • i 'J u n~ n s ~ 7.0 BIDf~ fCaf ' ~£ ~ g Resources ~ ~~~i'~~µ~°~( ~, .. ~ V t n ~. ... ~,~ ~ ^'Kya r t P Ott SiY i c 7-4 Prior to the issuance of occupancy permits, all CP D Developer shall A 3 manufactured slopes on the periphery of the development install regwred shall be landscaped as approved by Planning staff This landscaping measure shall be implemented to the sabsfaction of the City Planner, prior to the issuance of occupancy permits for the first unit in each phase Prior to recordation of each phase, the phase map shall contain a note requiring this measure 7-5 Prior to issuance of a grading permit, the applicant shall CP B Developer shall B, D 2 acquire and convey to the County Special District OS-1 or provide proof of other appropriate conservation organization 164 acres of land CSD within or near the NEOSHPP area that supports alluvial fan establishment sage scrub and/or upland sage scrub This measure is proposed to mitigate the potential loss of habitat for sensitive plant and animal species, and the loss of raptor foraging land This offsite mitigation land (OML) shall be of equal or greater habdat value than that of the protect site The identification and transfer of OML will be to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department, in accordance with the gwdelines of the NEOSHPP All reasonable efforts will fie made to locate the OML within or near the NEOSHPP area This measure shall ~ be implemented to the satisfaction of the Cdy Planning Department ' 7-6 Pnor to the issuance of grading permts, a protocol CP B Biologist shall D 2 gnatcatcher survey shall be conducted If any individuals or conduct protocol nesting pairs of birds are found onsite, the developer shall surveys before obtain appropriate take authorization and adddional mitigation grading land shall be added to the amount of Offsite Mitigation Land (OML) described in Measure 7-5 according to the following minimum ratios individual = 15 acres, nested pair = 30 acres If gnatcatchers are found onsite, an Incidental Take Permit would be regwred from the U S Fish & Wildlife Service either by a Section 10(a) permit or through a Section 7 Consultation with the U S Army Corps of Engineers This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department s` ~~~.~;,~~, ~. --s;.. ~~H ~;~ .. ~~-gym," z~ ,~ -• .. ~- .. :x~ . ~~~~• ,- a grading permd, the developer purvey for the San Bernardino CP B Biologist shall conduct protocol D 2 he Santa Ana wooly star within Ada Creek within 50 feet of the surveys before ~ of the new northern drainage grading iel This survey is to verify that cupy area to be disturbed by x Santa Ana wooly star are found 'shall comply with applicable U S egwrements, which may include lered Species Act Section 10(a) sultation through the U S Army or wooly star habitat disturbed by rted at a minimum ratio of 21 USFBWS permit conddions and City Planning Department > not occurred before February 15 CP B Biologist shall D 2 x SBKR and gnatcatchers will be conduct protocol site, and each spring thereafter, surveys before Any occupied habitat found during grading :aes will be added to the amount :gwred under the Draft EIR (164 de an appropriate contribution for CP B Developer shall B 2 1 a local brown-headed cowbird demonstrate proof benefd gnatcatchers m this area of payment The amount of this contribution, and the location of the trapping program, shall be determined by the City in consultation with the California Department of Fish and Game The contribution shall be made prior to grading, to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department in consultation with the California Department of Fish and Game 7-10 Prior to issuance of grading permits, a qualified biologist CP 8 Biologist shall D 2 shall conduct a survey for nesting buds on the site Any conduct protocol occupied nest shall be avoided and separated by at least 200 surveys before feetfromground-disturbing activities Nesting areas are to be grading marked by orange construction fenang The biologist shall verify a nest has been abandoned prior to removing the fenang and commenangground-disturbing achvrties m anyof these areas i .. .. . .. 8.0 Energy antl Mineral Resource`s"~'~ 'n'~" ~ ' ; ~° ' •~ ~ ~ ~ `~~T ~~ ~~~f~" , , ~ ~ None Regwred 9.0 Hazards --< "~'°;«'~x~~~~~;, :~~r,,,. :{,r - it _. 9-1 Prior to the issuance of grading permits, the developer CE B Developer shall B, D 2 shall submit a plan to the Rancho Cucamonga Fire Protection submit plan for District (RCFPD) for each phase for the proper clean up of review and any hazardous or toxic substance that is discovered or approval by released during construction The plan will regwre the RCFPD developer to properly clean-up and remove any contaminated soil or other material, restore the affected area to background conditions or to regulatory threshold levels for the contaminant(s) accidentally released or discovered, and deliver the contaminated material to an appropriate treatment, recycling, or landfill facility in accordance with the regulations for the type of contaminant accidentally released and ~ collected for management This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the RCFPD 9-2 Each mdroidual lot owner will be regwred to maintain then BO E RCFPD to A Notice/Fine for ~ side and back yards with 30 feet of irrigated'Yirewise" Zone t conduct annual RCFPD to perform landscaping or equwalent No bwldmgs are to be bwlt wdhm inspections regwred work rf I this setback area Swimming pools and non-combustible needed deck coverings are permissible Any remaimng portion of the backyard lot will be maintained to either Zone 1 or Zone 2 criteria depending on the lot depth This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Rancho Cucamonga Ftre Protection Distnct 93 Landscape and maintenance for the manufactured BO E RCFPD to A Notice/Fine for slopes common areas will be to Zone 2 criteria These areas conduct annual RCFPD to perform may be vrigated, ornamental firewise landscaping, or planted inspections regwred work if with native fue resistant plants and trees Access points needed every 500 feet shall be available to perform annual maintenance This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Rancho Cucamonga Fire Protection Distnct ' .. $`i i ~1t -• .. 3 ~ ~ ion zone easement shall be ~ the northern protect boundary BO E RCFPD to d A Notice/Fine for x and on flood control district con uct annual RCFPD to perform c vegetation will be treated to inspections regwred work if ~ 50 feet in width Also, a Fuel needed f 75 feet in width will be created lance authority adjacent to the Uternatively, the tentative tract w an appropriate onsite Fuel trthern boundary if the electric neasure shall be implemented to Cucamonga Fire Protection res within the Tract 14749 BO D RCFPD or City to A 3 h a Class A Roof Assembly, conduct ~enng and attic or foundation inspections ion openings m vertcal walls inches per opening These iith ~/. inch mesh corrosion- other approved material that ,ttic ventilation shall also comply niform Bwlding Code (U B C ) igs may be incorporated as part easure shall be implemented to o Cucamonga Fire Protection uistnct 9-6 A six-foot high solid non-combustible wall shall be CP D Developer to A 3 constructed along the entire length of the north, east and west construct property lines to minimize fire danger This measure shall be perimeter walls implemented to the saLSfachon of the Cdy Planning Department 9-7 Prior to the issuance of the first occupancy permit, the CP D Developer to A 3 applicant shall provide signs along the community trails, prepare and including the west bank of East Etiwanda Creek, that warn install srgns per residents of the potential nsk of wddhfe/human interactions City direction The warding, design, number, and placement of the signs shall be to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department .. 4 ~ 9.0 Hazards ~~ ~ ~ ttV~ ~ `- l~~ tit 4 0..."4'm~ ~ ~ 'e ~ pr. 9-8 The applicant shall provide wddhfe resistant trash receptacles at the parks and other public facilities to prevent foraging by local wildlife The design and placement of the receptacles shall be to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department P D eveloper shall provde requued facilities A ~' u iB ~ ~~r441~«? ~Y~i ~ ~ ~ ~ tii ~ ~ 4i~?, ^* r 3 10.0 Noise t ~'ta ^ -qy s i.,,~.ws ~r~ ~t 'n `~"ru "r~~~ :3% ,iw., t;;*?~ as.~ ~'~ ,~.~r s~.~ nyk <;S ~ ov ,~~„~ a^,m °~";u, ~, >`.~pr,:r r„" - ~..+r ~ ~' , V w~~, ~ ,~ '~ 1 , ~ , ,i 10-1 Construction or grading noise levels shall not exceed CP C Developer shall A 4 the standards specified in Development Code Section retain noise 17 02 120-D, as measured at the property line Developer consultant to shall hire a consultant to perform weekly noise level perform requved monitoring as specified in Development Code Section monitoring 17 02 120 Monitoring at other times may be regwred by the Planning Division Said consultant shall report then findings to the Planning Division within 24 hours, however, if noise levels exceed the above standards, then the consultant shall immediately notify the Planning Division If noise Ieveis exceed the above standards, then construction activities shall be reduced m intensity to a level of compliance with above noise standards or halted I 10-2 Dunng construction, haul truck delwenes shall not take BO C City Inspectors to A 4 place between the hours of S 00 p m and 6 30 a m on monitor weekdays, including Saturday, or at any time on Sunday or a compliance national holiday Additionally, if heavy trucks used forhauling during would exceed 100 daily trips (counting both to and from the construction construction site), then the developer shall prepare a noise mitigation plan denoting any construction traffic haul routes To the extent feasible, the plan shall denote haul routes that do not pass sensitwe land uses or residential dwellings 10.0 Noise ~sm.~s°~;^~,,,-~~ ~, - .. *r", .,~i,a-rev ^xx~,;" "*,4~_~t: ~, ~t, .. ~.==w:`~"`r~;~rN~ , .',~;y ~"s'~'~~, ~.k 10-3 Prior to the issuance of grading and building permits for BO B Developer to D 2 each phase, the developer shall confirm to Building and submit Safety m wntmg that all construction equipment, fixed or documentation of mobile, shall use properly operating mufflers No combustion compliance to equipment, such as pumps or generators, shall be allowed to City operate within 500 feet of any occupied residence from 6 30 p m to 7 a m unless the egwpment is surrounded by a noise protection barrier Stationary equipment shall be placed in such a manner as emitted noise is duected away from sensitive receptors Additionally, stockpiling of vehicles and staging areas shall be located as far as pracfical from sensitve noise receptors as well The developer shall include this provision and adherence to all conditions of approval as a regwrement of all construction contracts for this stte This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department 10-4 Prior to the issuance of grading and/or building permits, CP B Developer C 2 all construction staging shall be performed at least 500 feet submits plan to from occupied dwellings The locafion of staging areas, as CRy for revew indicated on the grading plan, will be subject to review and C A 4 approval by the City Planning Department City Inspectors mondor 10-5 Pnor to the issuance of bulding permits for each phase, BO B Developer shall C, D 2 the developer will document that exterior residential areas volt submit proof of have exterior noise levels of less than 65 d6 CNEL, to [he compliance satisfaction of the City Building and Safety Department 10-6 Prior to the issuance of occupancy permits for each BO D Developer shall D 3 phase, the developer shall document that interior living areas submit proof of have noise levels less than 45 d6 CNEL, to the satisfaction of compliance the Building and Safety Department 10-7 Priorto the issuance of bulding permits for each phase, BO D City Inspectors to A, D 2 the developer shall incorporate site designs and measures to verify compliance help reduce proposed noise levels over the long-term Residential lots with rear yards or side yards adjacent to collector streets (i a Lower Crest) shall be constructed with a 6-fool block wall along the perimeter or demonstrate with an additional noise study that ultimate traffic volumes onsite wdl not exceed the noise performance standards in the City Development Code to the satisfaction of the Bulding and Safety Department --~ 1 • r~ `'~ .. . . , 71.0 Public Services ~ ~-tr. ~ ` ~,~s ~ z 9 N _: x '~ °t ~~„r , ^<u e-~ vf 'i „~ ,~~~,xfP~~-~ ,. a ~, , i ry :F Fa „+ i glifl 'St ~ry v~ ' .~ ^Kw.~i^•k~TV. ay, „4~ ~ y~ ~ ~,,,a2v~ ~ ~ ~"4~'Ft^rJ ~ + 4 11-1 Prior to the issuance of building permits for each phase, BO B Developer to D 2 the developer and/or indvidual homebwiders shall pay all b legally established public service fees, including police, fue, su mit proof of fee payments schools, parks, and libraries to the affected public agencies as stipulated in the Development Agreement This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Building and Safety Department 11-2 Prior to the issuance of building permits for each phase, CP B Developer to C 2 the developer and/or individual homebwlders shall comply with all design requirements of affected public agenctes such submit plans to as police, fire, health, etc This measure shall be agencies for review and implemented to the satisfacticn of the City Planning approval Department 11-3 Priortotheissuance ofbwlding permitsforeach phase, FC B Developer to C 2 the applicant shall obtain approval of the Fve Department with b regard to determinatwn of adequate fire flow and installation su mit plans to RCFD for revew of acceptable fire resistant structural materials m protect and approval bwldings 11-4 Prior to the issuance of occupancy permits for each BO D Developer shall B 3 phase, the applicant shall pay all legally established impact submit proof of fees to the Etiwanda School District and the Chaffey Joint payment of school Union High School District in accordance with state law fees Proof of such payment shall be submitted to City Building and Safety Department 11-5 Prior to recordation for each phase, the developer shall CE B Developer shall D 1 post a bond in an amount to be determined by the City demonstrate Engineering Department to ensure installation and payment of bond maintenance of all public and private roads and drainage facilities necessary for each phase of the protect This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer 12.0 Utilities '""' 12-1 Prior to the issuance of bulding permits for each phase, BO B Developer shall B 2 the applicant shall provde funding to the Cucamonga County demonstrate WaterDistnctforsewerservice Adddtonally,theCucamonga payment County Water District will be regwred to provide funds to the Inland Empire Utilities Agency for treatment of the protect's wastewater Proof of such payment shall be submitted to the Ctty Building and Safety Department .. ~ 12.0 `Utilities _ K~~~ `~~"`- 'c~ ~ kr'c-v"~i Gn l.u drt A ~ i »a~ti~~ e h ' ,~ it~}1,hil§ Ux a , i '.. t ? dx S Y &S+' t F--iw 12-2 Prior to the issuance of grading permits, development CE B Developer shall B 2 plans shall be provided to Southern California Edison, the submit proof of Gas Company, and Verizon, as they become available in review and order to faaldate engmeenng, design and construction of approval by other improvements necessary to provide electrical, natural gas, agencies and telephone service to the protect site This shall be done to the satisfaction of the Cdy Engineer 12-3 Pnor to the issuance of budding permits, the applicant CE B Developer shall B 2 shall apply for and obtain will-serve letters from SCE, SCGC, submit service and Verizon and place them on file with the City Engineer letters from other agenaes 12-4 Prior to the issuance of bulding permits, the applicant CE B Developer shall B, C 2 shall comply with the gudelines provided by SCE, SCGC, and submit proof of Venzon m regard to easement restnctrons, construction review and gudelines, protection of pipeline easements, and potential approval by other amendments to right-of-way in the areas of any existing agenaes easements of these companies This shall be done to the satisfaction of the City Engineer 13.0 Aesthetics - , r w,r` '`_ ~~-~~~;a ",t ~ m we~'~ ~~ ~,-~ . . 13-1 All outdoor lighting shall be submitted to the Planning CP B Developer shall C 2 Department for plan check and shall comply with the submit lighting requtiements of Etiwanda North Speafic Plan design plans to City for gudelines and the City General Plan This measure shall be review and implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planner approval 13-2 Prior to issuance of building permits the developer shall CE B Developer shall C 2 submit construction plans for any signage assoaated vnth the submit signage site, including entrance monuments (but excluding street plans to City for signs and traffic signs), primarily of natural appearing review and materials (i a woad and rock), consistent with the Etiwanda approval North Speafic Plan design guidelines If signs are lighted, light must be drected toward the sign rather than backlighting This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department 13-3 Priortofinal inspection oroccupancy of each phase, the CP D City Planners to A 3 City wdl evaluate the site fighting, including entrance lighting, inspect lighting The lighting will be adequately shielded or directed to minimize on- and ofisite impacts, to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department ^l J • 11 ~pp-i X~/ C~ .. ... .. 13.0 Aesthetics ~ ~~`' n"#~'t ~-~ ~_ ,4 *•• ~~ ' `r -~; ' '~` ° ~'~`~ ," , z , ,+ca. ~.~ .. -fix , t. , ~ .: ~,. ~'4., 13-4 Prior to recordation for each phase, the developer will BO B Developer to D 1 provide the telephone numbers of persons to contact d there provide numbers are complaints about noise, odors, night-lighting, etc from to Cdy activities on the protect site This information should be displayed on a sign visible from the entrance to the development This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Bwlding and Safety Department 13-5 Prior to issuance of bwlding permits the developer will CP B Developer to C 2 prepare a detailed landscaping and wall treatment plan forthe submit landscape Phase 1 area along the "Lower West Collector," to the plans to City for satisfaction of the City Planning Department Special attention rewew and shall be given to the landscape treatments along Etiwanda approval Avenue and East Avenue and at entrances to the protect 14.0 Cultural Resources ~ ST., ~ e K.. C.'x~~~~;,,n,~ 1 , - 14-1 A qualified paleontologist shall conduct a CP B Developer to A, B, D 2 preconstruction field survey of the protect site The retain paleo to paleontologist shall submit a report of findings that will also survey site provide speafic recommendations regarding further mitigation measures (i e , paleontological monitoring) that may be appropriate Where mitigation monitoring is appropriate, the program must include, but not be limited to, the following measures Assign a paleontological monitor, trained and egwpped to allow the rapid removal of fossils with minimal construction delay, to the sde full-hme during the interval of earth-disturbing activities, • Should fossils be found within an area being cleared or graded, divert earth-disturbing activities elsewhere until the monitor has completed salvage If construction personnel make the discovery, the grading contractor should immediately divert construction and notify the monitor of the find, and Submit summary report to Cary of Rancho Cucamonga Transfer collected specimens with a copy of the report to San Bernardino County Museum OQ ~ .. ~ -• . . .. ;~ 3 r I$ tati x '~ ~ ' ~~ , -. yF r". .,~s .~ ..a> ~ " " ~ ~t~ " ~r niN?x ~U ~ archaeological resources are nng grading, the developer will Cp C Developer will : A 5~ r ~ ., +E :.~4 . xn~ q ologist to monitor construction retain archaeo e measures to protect or preserve monitor sistance of the archaeologist, the t will :asures to protect undesignated sigmticant modrfication without an y to establish its archaeological hshmg provisions to regwre haeological sites wdhm new eir speaal qualities as a theme or ig the public about the area's i, ion measures and recommend o eliminate adverse protect effects rtant, and unique prehistoric propriate CEQA guidelines, • rrepare a recnnical resources management report, documenting the inventory, evaluation, and proposed mitigation of resources within the protect area Submit one copy of the completed report with original illustrations, to the San Bernardino County Archaeological Information Center for permanent archiving, and • If artrfacls of Native Amencan (NA) origin are discovered, offiaal representatives of the NA group will be consulted to determine the most appropriate disposition of the artfacts, to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department in agreement with County Museum and the NA rou 15:0 Agricultural`Resources ` "" ` ,~,; ~ ~,~. u -~ N~'~r°,, ~ ~"~~~~"'~' ~~s=~~ *'~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ " None Reqwred 1"6 0 Recreation ~'' vi~ ~ v's~~,~ ~~~'~~ ~-~;^ '"~`~-~,~`fy' ~`~~ ~ ~,h - „. ~< ~„:.:°s , . ~ X - ".tea ~ ; Y 16-1 The applicant will submit conceptual park design and CP B Developer to C 2 landscaping plans to the City subtect to the approval of the submit park plans Cdy Planning Department to Cdy for review and approval J • • • • s • Key to Checklist Abbreviations Responsible Person Monitoring Frequency„x~ _ ' Method orVeiiflca'tion~'~' '"~~,Y~>~~, Sanctions- - - CDD -Community Development Director or designee A -With Each New Development A - On-site Inspection 1 -Withhold Recordation of Final Map CP -City Planner or designee B - Pnor To Construction B -Other Agency Permit /Approval 2 -Withhold Grading or Building Permit CE -City Engineer or designee BO -Building Official or designee C -Throughout Construction D - On Completion C -Plan Check D -Separate Submittal (Reports /Studies /Plans) 3 -Withhold Certificate of Occupancy 4 -Stop Work Order PO -Police Captain or designee E -Operating 5 -Retain Deposit or Bonds FC -Fire Chief or designee 6 -Revoke CUP 1J y RESOLUTION NO 04-79 A RESOLUTION OF THE PLANNING COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF RANCHO CUCAMONGA, CALIFORNIA, APPROVING TENTATIVE TRACT MAP SUBTT14749, A RESIDENTIAL SUBDIVISION OF 168 77 ACRES INTO 269 LOTS FOR SINGLE-FAMILY DEVELOPMENT, WITHIN THE VERY LOW RESIDENTIAL DISTRICT (1-2 DW ELLING UNITS PER ACRE) OF THE ETIWANDA NORTH SPECIFIC PLAN, LOCATED NORTH OF THE SCE CORRIDOR BETWEEN ETIWANDA AVENUE AND EAST AVENUE, SUBJECT TO CONDITIONS OF APPROVAL, AND MAKING FINDINGS IN SUPPORT THEREOF-APN 0225-083-05, 06, 07, 10, 22, 23, 25, AND 26, AND 0225-084-02 A Rentals 1. Traigh Paafic filed an application for the approval of Tentative Tract Map SUBTT14749, as described m the title of this Resolution Hereinafter in this Resolution, the subtect Tentative Tract Map request is referred to as "the application " 2 Traigh Pacific also filed applications for Annexation DRC2003-01051, General Plan Amendment DRC2003-00410, Etiwanda North Specific Plan Amendment DRC2003-00409, and Development Agreement DRC2003-00411, which are related to Tentative Tract Map SUBTT14749 Collectroe, there applications are referred to as the "Protect " 3 On the 9th day of June 2004, the Planning Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga conducted a duly noticed public hearing on the application and concluded said hearing on that date 4 By Resolution No 04-75, the Planning Commission has certified the Environmental Impact Report (EIR) prepared for the Protect as being in compliance with the requirements of the California Environmental Quality Act (Public Resources Code Section 21000 et seq) for purposes of taking action on the Tentative Tract Map _ All legal prerequisites prior to the adoption of this Resolution have occurred B Resolution NOW, THEREFORE, it is hereby found, determined, and resolved by the Planning Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga as follows 1 This Commission hereby speafically finds that all of the facts set forth in the Recitals, Part A, of this Resolution are true and correct 2 Based upon the facts and information contained in the record of this protect, the Planning Commission makes the following findings and statements, and takes the following actions, pursuant to the California Environmental Quality Act ("CEQA") (Public Resources Code Section 21000 et seq) a The Protect that has been evaluated under CEQA involves a series of actions related to the annexation of land from unincorporated San Bernardino County into the City of Rancho Cucamonga, the approval of a General Plan Amendment, Etiwanda North Specific Plan Amendment, Tentative Tract Map No 14749 ('TTM 14749") and the associated Development ~_S ~~1 PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-79 SUBTT14749 - TRAIGH PACIFIC June 9, 2004 Page 2 Agreement The proposed protect includes 269 single-family housing units on approximately 168 8 acres and includes a 3 1 acre neighborhood park, 2 7 acre equestrian park, 44 acre equestrian trail, and 61 5 acres of remainder lots for flood control purposes The gross density of the protect is approximately 1 59 dwelling units per acre, a net density of 2 5 units per acre, a minimum lot size of 8,400 square feet, and an average lot size of 11,600 square feet b. The City of Rancho Cucamonga, acting as the lead agency, prepared the Draft Environmental Impact Report ("Draft EIR") for the Protect (State Clearinghouse No 2003081085) The Draft EIR was circulated fora 45-day public review and comment period from December 5, 2003 through January 28, 2004 Comments were received during that period and written responses were prepared and sent to all commentors Those comments and the responses thereto have been included in the Final EIR, as have the appendices to the Draft EIR Those documents together comprise the Final EIR c The Planning Commission fords that the Final EIR was completed pursuant to the CEQA, and the State Guidelines for Implementation of CEQA, 14 California Code of Regulations, Section 15000, et seq. ('Yhe Guidelines") By Resolution No. 04-75, the Planning Commission has certified the EIR as being in compliance with the requirements of the CEQA d The Planning Commission fords that the Final EIR was presented to the Planning Commission and that the Planning Commission reviewed and considered the information in the Final EIR and has reached its own conclusions with respect to the Protect and as to whether and how to recommend approval of various components of the protect approvals before taking its action in this Resolution e The Planning Commission finds that the Final EIR represents the independent tudgment of the Planning Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga and adequately addresses the impacts of the Protect and imposes appropriate mitigation measures for the Protect f The Planning Commission finds, based upon the Initial Study, the Final EIR, public comments, public agency comments, and the entire record before it, that the Protect may create significant impacts in the areas of Earth Resources; Water Resources, Transportation/Circulation, Av Quality, Biological Resources, Hazards, Noise, Public Services, Utilities, Aesthetics, and Cultural Resources The proposed protect will also contribute incrementally to cumulatively considerable impacts related to land use, flood control, water quality from urban runoff, loss of alluvial fan sage scrub, hazardous material dumping, congestion of evacuation routes, overcrowded schools, inadequate utilities, and loss of views With respect to the impacts to all of these resources and services, the EIR identifies mitigation measures for each of those impacts that will substantially lessen the impacts g Implementation of mitigation measures identified in the Final EIR will substantially mitigate many of the environmental impacts described in paragraph f of this Section, to the extent feasible, as described in Exhibit A of Resolution No 04-75, which is incorporated herein by reference The Final EIR also identifies significant adverse impacts that cannot be fully mitigated or avoided, including impacts from short-term impacts on air quality from construction-related emissions, long-term impacts on air quality from protect emissions, and biological resources h The Final EIR describes a range of alternatives to the Protect that might fulfill basic obtectives of the Protect These alternatives include the required "No Protect-No Development" F-S ~ 3a PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-79 SUBTT14749 - TRAIGH PACIFIC June 9, 2004 Page 3 alternative, and the "No Protect -Open Space" alternative, the "Reduced Density" alternative, the Modified Site Plan (clustered)" alternative, and the "Rural Density' Alternative As set forth in the Exhibit A of Resolution No 04-75, the alternatives identified in the EIR are not feasible because they would not achieve the basic obtectives of the Protect or would do so only to a much smaller degree and, therefore, leave unaddressed the significant economic, infrastructure, and General Plan goals that the Protect is intended to accomplish, and are thus infeasible due to socal and economic considerations, and/or they are infeasible because they would not eliminate the adverse environmental impacts of the proposed Protect Accordingly, the Planning Commission finds each of the alternatives is infeasible i Mitigation measures described in the Mitigation Monitoring Program will avoid or substantially lessen the potentially significant environmental effects of the Protect Further, the environmental, physical, social, economic and other benefits of the Protect, as set forth in this Section and Resolution No. 04-75, and specifically Exhibit "A" thereto, which is incorporated herein by this reference, outweigh any unavoidable, significant, adverse impacts that may occur as a result of the Protect, including short-term impacts on air quality from construction-related emissions, cumulative long-term impacts on air quality from protect emissions, and impacts to biological resources Therefore, due to overriding benefits of the Protect and because the alternatives identified in the EIR are not feasible, as discussed in paragraph i above, the Planning Commission hereby recommends that the City Council find that any unavoidable impacts of the Protect, including the mitigated but unavoidable impacts from short-term impacts on air quality from construction- related emissions, long-term impacts on air quality from protect emissions, and impacts to biological resources are acceptable based on the findings contained herein and in Resolution No 04-75 and the staff report, which are incorporated herein by this reference This determination shall constitute the Planning Commission's adoption of a statement of overriding considerations within the meaning of CEQA and is based on any one of the following environmental and other benefits of the Protect identified in the Final EIR and the record of the Planning Commission's proceedings i Providing for the use of land consistent with the established policies and goals of the City of Rancho Cucamonga General Plan, Etiwanda North Speafic Plan, City Development Code, and all other City Development gwdelines, Annexing the protect site into the City of Rancho Cucamonga, m Integrating the protect with the character of the surrounding neighborhoods and establish a development that results in logical, coordinated growth, iv Establishing aprotect-wide circulation system that meets regional and local transportation needs and accommodates both vehicles and pedestrians, v Providing asystem ofpublic/communityfaalities, including trails, open space areas, and landscaping to support the residents of the protect and surrounding area in an efficient and timely manner, vi Limiting Impacts to surrounding uses and residents, and to the community character, vu Providing backbone public infrastructure (i a roads, utilities) to serve protect residents and the surrounding community, F ~ 133 PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-79 SUBTT14749 -TRAIGH PACIFIC June 9, 2004 Page 4 viu Minimizing impacts to, and generate revenues in excess of costs for, various public service agencies, and nr Providing quality housing opportunities compatible with existing and planned development that responds to market demands t The Planning Commission adopts the Mitigation Measures in the FINAL EIR that correspond to the environmental impacts which may result from the Protect and makes those measures conditions of approval incorporated into the Profect The Planning Commission also adopts the "Mitigation Monitoring Plan" attached hereto as Exhibit "A" The Mitigation Monitoring Plan wtll be used to monitor compliance with the mitigation measures and conditions that have been adopted or made a condition of Profect approval as set forth in this Section of this Resolution and Exhibit A of this Resolution. 3 Based upon the substantial evidence presented to this Commission dunng the above-referenced public hearing on June 9, 2004, including written and oral staff reports, together with public testimony, this Commission hereby speafically finds as follows a The application applies to 168 77 acres of property, located north of the SCE corridor between Etiwanda Avenue and East Avenue, and is presently unimproved property, and i b The property to the north of the subtect site is designated Flood Control/Utility ! Corridor and Hillside Residential and is comprised of vacant land, uttlity corridors, and scattered single-faintly residences The property to the southeast is designated Very Low Residential, Conservation and Flood Control/Utility Corridor and includes Etiwanda Creek Flood Control basins and conservation area The property to the east is currently vacant and is designated Very Low Residential and Low Residential and is the site of Rancho Etiwanda and Rancho Etiwanda Estates The property to the east is designated Very Low Residential (1-2 dwelling units per acre) and is the site of proposed Tentative Tract Map 16324 -Henderson Creek Properties The property to the south is designated Flood Control/Uttlity Corridor, Conservation, and Very Low Residential and includes vacant land, and utility corridors and is the proposed site of Tentative Tract Map 16072 - Richland Pinehurst, and c The tentative tract map includes the subdivision of 168 77 acres and wtll include 269 residential lots and 18 lettered lots Residential lots will have a minimum lot size of 8,400 square feet and an average lot size of 11,600 square feet The density will be approximately 2 5 dwelling units per acre based on 269 units on 107 3 acres proposed for housing, drainage, and open space The 18 lettered lots will consist of designated parks, equestrian trial, and open space drainage/flood control areas The protect proposes 5 81 acres of parks on two sites One park is designated as a tratlhead for the North Etiwanda Preserve and will consist of 3 10 acres and will be located at the southwest corner of the protect site The other park site is designated for equestrian use and will include 2 71 acres and is proposed near the southeast corner of the protect site adfacent to the flood control channel d The protect is consistent with the density provisions of the General Plan Land Use Designations of Low Residential (2-4 dwelling units per acre) as averaged across the protect site (as described in subsection c above), and F-S ~ 3u PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-79 SUBTT14749 - TRAIGH PACIFIC June 9, 2004 Page 5 e The equestrian park will connect to a proposed equestrian trail located adjacent to the flood control channel Both parks are located outside the gated residential portion of the prolect and therefore are accessible to the general public, and f. Development of the prolect site will result in the loss of 109 acres of "white sage serves" a type of Riversidian sage scrub The prolect proponent is regwred through the certification of the EIR and the adoption of the Mitigation Momtonng Program to acgwre 164 acres of land (a 1 5 1 ratio) within or near the North Etiwanda Open Space and Habitat Preservation Program (NEOSHPP) area for habitat preservation and provide an endowment for long-term maintenance, and g The prolect proponent shall submit and obtain approval of a Landscape Plan that demonstrates compliance with the City's neighborhood Theme Plan as contained in the Etiwanda North Specific Plan, and h The prolect will generate approximately2,956 daily trips that can be accommodated through street improvement upgrades as conditioned herein, and as regwred through certification of the EIR and adoption of the Mitigation Monitoring Program, and i The proposed prolect, together with all conditions of approval and the provisions of the Development Agreement, will not be detrimental to the public health and safety, or welfare or materially injurious to properties or improvements m the vicinity 4 Based upon the substantial evidence presented to this Commission during the above-referenced public hearing and upon the specific findings of facts set forth m paragraphs 1, 2 and 3 above, this Commission hereby finds and concludes as follows a That the tentatroe tract is consistent with the General Plan, Development Code, and any applicable specific plans, and b The design or improvements of the tentative tract is consistent with the General Plan, Development Code, and any applicable speafic plans, and The site is physically suitable for the type of development proposed, and d The design of the subdivision is not likely to cause substantial environmental damage and avoidable injury to humans and wildlife or their habitat, and The tentative tract is not likely to cause serous public health problems, and f The design of the tentative tract will not conflict with any easement acquired by the public at large, now of record, for access through or use of the property within the proposed subdivision 5 Mitigation measures described in the Mitigation Monitoring Program will avoid or substantially lessen the potentially significant environmental effects of the prolect Further, the environmental, physical, social, economic and other benefits of the Project, outweigh any unavoidable, significant, adverse impacts that may occur as a result of the prolect ~ ~ l35 PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-79 SUBTT14749-TRAIGH PACIFIC • June 9, 2004 Page 6 6 The mitigation measures m the Final EIR that correspond to the environmental impacts, which may result from the protect are hereby adopted and made a condition of approval of, or incorporated into, the protect The Planning Commission also hereby adopts the "Mitigation Monitoring Plan" attached hereto as Exhibit "A " The Mitigation Monitoring Plan will be used to monitor compliance with the mitigation measures and conditions that have been adopted or made a condition of protect approval as set forth in this Section of this Resolution and Exhibit "A " 7 Pursuant to provisions of the California Public Resources Code Section 21089 (b), this application shall not be operative, vested or final until the Notice of Determination (NOD) is filed and posted with the Clerk of the Board of Supervisors of the County of San Bernardino and all required filing fees assessed pursuant to California Fish and Game Code Section 711 4, together with any required handling charges, are paid to the County Clerk of the County of San Bernardino In the event this application is determined exempt from such fling fees pursuant to the provisions of the Califorrna Fish and Game Code, or the gwdelines promulgated thereunder, condition shall be deemed null and void 8 Based upon the findings and conclusions set forth m paragraphs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 above, this Commission hereby approves the application subtect to each and every condition set forth below and in the Standard Conditions, attached hereto as Exhibit "B"and incorporated herein by this reference Plannmg Division 1) All future applications for development review shall be reviewed for consistency with the approved tentative tract map and provisions of the associated development agreement, along with the design guidelines of the Etiwanda North Specific Pian, including standards for parkways and streetscape design, slope planting, and neighborhood monumentation and wall designs 2) The construction of the commurnty trail through the protect shall incorporate all standard trail improvements m accordance with City Standard Drawings, including gates, access, signage, and fencing as applicable 3) The width of the Community Trail along Etiwanda Creek should be the City standard 20-foot width In the final design of the trail, an emergency Fire Department access point shall be provided from the north end of Street "O"onto the trail for access to the Fire access road along the north protect boundary 4) The access road along the north boundary of the protect shall be 20 feet to double as a Fire access and Flood Control maintenance road 5) Construction of the community trail shall include drive approaches at the entry from the local streets, along with gates and step-through • posts in accordance with City standards ~ s ~~~ PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-79 SUBTT14749-TRAIGH PACIFIC • June 9, 2004 Page 7 6) All corner turns shall receive scorner-cutoff as necessary to allow through traffic 7) The effective date of the approval of Tentative Tract Map SUBTT14749 shall be the last to occur of all of the following events: (i) the date that General Plan Amendment DRC2003- 00410takes effect, (ii) the date that Etiwanda North Specific Plan Amendment DRC2003-00409 takes effect, (iii) the date that Development Agreement DRC2003-00411 takes effect, and (iv) the date that the annexation of the property into the City has occurred. Enaineenna Division 1) This development shall construct iwo (2) fully improved points of access prior to any occupancy Lower Crest Collector and both Etiwanda and East Avenues shall be fully improved from the south protect boundary to the nearest existing public street to the south In addition, no interior street shall extend more than 600 feet without a second access completed The developer shall receive credit against, and reimbursement of costs in excess of, the Transportation Development Fee for backbone improvements in conformance with City policy 2) Etiwanda Avenue shall be improved as follows a) Install full width "SecondaryArtenal" street improvements (64 feet curb-to-curb) from the north tract boundary of Tract 16072 to "Lower Crest Collector" This includes curb and gutter, sidewalk, 5800 Lumen HPSV street lights, a parkway Community Trad on the east side, sidewalk with LMD landscaping on the west side, traffic striping and signage, including R26(s) posted for the entire length of Etiwanda Avenue frontage b) Provide for bike lanes on both sides of Etiwanda Avenue c) The developer shall receive credit against, and reimbursement of costs in excess of, the Transportation Development Fee for backbone improvements south of Lower Crest Collector, including the middle 38 feet of pavement, in conformance with City Policy. The developer may request a reimbursement agreement to recover the cost of permanent off site improvements other than the . backbone portion from future development of the adjacent property. If the developer fails to submit for said reimbursement agreement within 6 months of the F- s ~.~ 7 PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-79 SUBTT14749-TRAIGH PACIFIC • June 9, 2004 Page 8 public improvements being accepted by the City, all rights of the developer to reimbursement shall terminate. n1 Dr.n4 .{.., ~h nr.~ti ..f C{.. ...1.. A..o..~.o {o..r... ...4h .. ..nn F... d) Etiwanda Avenue cul-de-sac north of "Lower Crest" shall be posted "No Parking 10 pm to 5 am " e) Proposed drive aisle north of the Etiwanda Avenue terminus shall be for emergency access only. Provide a gate and post signs for "No Motor Driven Cycles." f) Emergency access shall be constructed in existing 40- foot Etiwanda Avenue right-of-way with 26-foot pavement width (or to the satisfaction of the City Fire . Chief) and balance as a Community Trail. €g) Provide all-way stop sign and markings at the intersection of Etiwanda Avenue and Lower Crest 3) If there are developable properties to the north of this tract that are not included in the Etiwanda Preserve, public street access shall be provided to these areas by one of the following options: a) Construct a minimum 26-foot "half street" section within the existing 40-foot right-of-way for Etiwanda Avenue, with a 12-foot parkway Community Trail on the east side, and negotiate with adjacent developer to the west for additional rights-of-way to complete afull- width local street (36 feet curb-to-curb). This shall be in lieu of a cul-de-sac on the north side of Lower Crest Collector. b) Stub out an interior street to the north tract boundary, including a culvert crossing of the channel, and provide an access easement in favor of the applicable properties. Developer may process a vacation of the existing street right-of-way along the west tract boundary, after determining whom the land would F .~ ~3~ PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-79 SUBTT14749-TRAIGH PACIFIC • June 9, 2004 Page 9 revert to and the extent of easements needing to remain. Retain or dedicate sufficient right-of-way for a 20-foot Community Trail. 4) East Avenue shall be improved as follows a) Install full width "Collector" street improvements (44 feet curb-to- curb) from the north tract boundary of Tract 16072 to "Lower Crest Collector" This includes curb and gutter, sidewalk, 5800 Lumen HPSV street lights, a parkway Community Trail on the west side, sidewalk LMD landscaping on the east side, traffic striping and signage, including R26(s) posted for the entire length of East Avenue frontage b) Since access to the gated community and the park on Lot C will require dnve approaches, a City standard knuckle should be installed at the intersection of East Avenue and "Lower Crest Collector " c) There shall be no "Stop" signs at the intersection of East Avenue and Lower Crest d) The developer shall receive credit against, and reimbursement of costs in excess of, the Transportation Development Fee for backbone improvements south of Lower Crest Collector in conformance with City policy. If the developer fails to submit for said reimbursement agreement within 6 months of the public improvements being accepted by the City, all rights of the developer to reimbursement shall terminate. 5) Improvements to East Avenue shall conform to Etiwanda North Specific Plan Landscape Theme Section B-1 Use Section B-2 for the "Lower Crest Collector' and M-1 for Etiwanda Avenue South side of "Lower Crest Collector" shall include 5-foot parkway, non- irrigated 2:1 slope adjacent to the SCE corridor and a toe ditch. 6) Lower Crest shall be improved as follows a) Install full width "Collector" street improvements (44 feet curb-to- curb), including curb and gutter, 6 5-foot sidewalk on north • side only, 5800 Lumen HPSV streetlights, a 5-foot parkway with LMD landscaping on the south side, , traffic stnping and signage, including R26(s) posted for the entire length of Lower Crest frontage F-J i39 PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-79 SUBTT14749 - TRAIGH PACIFIC June 9, 2004 Page 10 b) There shall be no driveways directly accessing Lower Crest c) Lower Crest shall have a tangent of 140 feet in length between 600-foot radws reversing curves Gr.. ..a., ni,..~ti e..,.,. ~,. oi.,.. ~..ti ti r ~ ~e d) The developer shall receive credit against, and reimbursement of costs in excess of, the Transportation Development Fee for backbone improvements in conformance with City policy. If the developer fails to submit for said reimbursement agreement within 6 months ofthe public improvements being accepted by the City, all rights of the developer to reimbursement shall terminate. 7) Streets "H"and "Q" shall be improved as follows a) Install full width "Local Residential" street improvements (36 feet curb-to-curb, 60-foot R/W)), including curb and gutter, sidewalk, street trees and 5800 Lumen HPSV streetlights in accordance with City standards b) All intersections shall comply with City sight line criteria c) There shall be no driveways to Street "H," except from Lots 64- 69 d) There shall be no driveways to Street "O"between Street "M"and Lower Crest 8) All internal street frontage improvements to be in accordance with City "Local Residential" standards, including but not limited to the following a) Street widths shall be 50 feet of right-of-way, 36 feet curb-to-curb b) Provide curb and gutter, sidewalk, street trees and asphalt and 5800 Lumen HPSV streetlights in accordance with City Standard. c) All intersections shall comply with City sight line criteria • C1 J • ~'- 7 / j'D PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-79 SUBTT14749 - TRAIGH PACIFIC • June 9, 2004 Page 11 9) All aboveground facilities on the interior local streets shall be located behind the curb-adjacent sidewalk, including streetlights On mtenor local streets within a 50-foot right-of-way, an easement shall be provided behind the sidewalk for said facilities 10) Dnve approaches for Street "K"and the proposed equestnan trail north of the Etiwanda Avenue cul-de-sac shall be per City Standard Drawing No 101, Type R-1 11) Construct a 20-foot wide Commurnty Trad along the Etiwanda Creek levee ~ ti i a a ~ti C4 .+ o is r i a a ., ~ti..~i 12) Proposed gated entrances shall be designed and constructed per the City gated entrance design guide. • 13) Install local storm drains to convey development drainage to the Master Plan Storm Drain. Extend the local storm drain system as far on site as needed to contain Q25 within tops of curbs, Q100 within rights-of-way and provide a 10- footdry lane in Q10. The cost of local storm drains shall be borne by this development with no fee credit. 14) Where sump catch basins are used, provide two and intercept Q100 in both sump catch basins and their laterals. 15) Development shall provide adequate easements and construct local and Master Plan System 3 drainage facilities extending from the site to the Etiwanda Regional Spreading Grounds. System 3 include the projection of the existing open channel on the north boundary of Tract 14139, east of East Avenue to the Etiwanda Spreading Grounds. /~- ~ ! ~°/ PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-79 SUBTT14749-TRAIGH PACIFIC • June 9, 2004 Page 12 a) Development shall participate in construction of Interim Master Plan Basin No. 2 and either the Etiwanda/Summit or Etiwanda/Arrow Interim Regional Basin, as directed by SBCFCD. b) Standard drainage fees for the site shall be credited to the cost of permanent master plan facilities, in accordance with City policy. The developer may request a reimbursement agreement to recover over sizing costs, in excess of fees, from future development. If the developer fails to submit for said reimbursement agreement within 6 months of the public improvements being accepted by the City, all rights of the developer to reimbursement shall terminate. ~~~ o.n.. a~ .tiSF~G~Ta„r-oQ~:2tS~/v.~2Fe .F.,,.o a.~n s~n.l+e • a ti...no in cfrnef nn ~.1,. frnnn f n ~f...,R,. ~ti~n tie ae+~ ~e.a n ~ F:~ ~n/tin.n ~....,.. n.,i,.ti I,..~ n ...+ ., ., an i,.,n .,na nfnrnnnf n~l nn n 7 L:\ fl....nlnn.r.e nf r.4...II n ...An .,.~len ~.fe~ o nnfo nnll n nc+...n4 Inn~l .n ~~n... ...~., .,,a ne.. fn. .,,. ol..n c.,~tn... ~ ,a.., .. ~ f.... I f n n.,~e n.l nn F.nn, fhe ~~+e fn ` fl+ Cf a ., o.. ..I Cn.n..a ..., n.n .n.+~ c,~fn.., ~ ..I ,Ino fL.n n .r.c ~ ....... ... ... ....~..,..... ..,......._...~ ~.__..__ _~_._... _ ... _.____ _.._ ~A11~ ~... 1 of C~,of A.mn o fn fL.e Cf .. n.l.. Cnrn...l~nn (`_rn~~n,-lo i Ci i /A I 1 /C Q ~... Aln 9 ^ va~....__- ..... n. .. ....... n e~n .+n.1 o fL.n.fL.n C4..,.+n11 ~. mm nr ~~m. ~.~..o~~oa.. ..~ _..__._.._. _.._-_.___.____.___._. _ - _ _ o...~~.c..... f f fh.+ rc.,.. .... .. ... . f r~L...ll L......erl fns fn fhn nnnf nF no.... on{ ...n nln. nlnn _...._'..'~_... ..._._._. ~.~.. ..... ... ..... .... ... .,.....,,_ ......_. ____ _. ~ L. ... ! -... r~.r. r.nf u. iL.m R m....fhn r.F 4L.e .. LI n m...r...cmn Tc (. rc............,..........,~. _-.,..._... ...... _..._.....__. ..._,,__.._. .n. _. _..._~._ L.., .. enfnri 1... f4.n /" f.. ..II . ni. {.. ni fL.o .1 n..nlnnn. fn .n m{~ enf c 1. ~.ll~~gi~ F-S/%/a PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-79 SUBTT14749 - TRAIGH PACIFIC • June 9, 2004 Page 13 16) Proposed north tract channel amounts to portions of Master Plan System 2 needed to protect the site from upstream flows Channel shall be designed to be extended west along the Rancho Etiwanda Estates property Developer may also be regwred to install Interim Master Plan Basin No 1, within the protect I~mits, to the satisfaction of the SBCFCD a) Flood protection facilities shall be completed pnor to occupancy release b) Standard drainage fees for the site shall be credited to the cost of permanent master plan facilities, in accordance with City policy. The developer may request a reimbursement agreement to recover over sizing costs, in excess of fees, from future development. If the developer fails to submit for said reimbursement agreement within 6 months of the public improvmements being accepted by the City, all rights of the developer to reimbursement shall terminate. r~ U 17) If required by the San Bernardino County Flood Control District, construct Etiwanda/San Sevaine Interim Master Basin Nos. land/or 2 as follows, justified by a final drainage report approved by the City Engineer. a) Provide an ultimate design for each basin to serve the entire developed tributary area. b) Install sufficient capacity to mitigate the increased runoff from this development, with an outlet system capable of handling the ultimate basin design (entire tributary area) with a minimum amount of modification as incremental development occurs. c) Provide an easement to the City over any lots containing the initial basin and an irrevocable offer of dedication for the remainder of the ultimate basin design. d) An assessment district shall be formed for • maintenance of the detention basin or a maintenance agreement shall be executed to the satisfaction of the City Engineer and the City Attorney guaranteeing ~~s `y~ b PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-79 SUBTT14749 - TRAIGH PACIFIC • June 9, 2004 Page 14 private maintenance is insufficient and allowing the City to assess those costs to the developer. Said agreement shall include a cash deposit as security for any maintenance costs the City may incur. Said agreement shall be recorded to run with the property. e) The developer may request a reimbursement agreement to recover the proportionate cost ofthe land and ultimate basin related facilities (outlet, etc.) from future development using the basin. If the developer fails to submit said reimbursement agreementwithin 6 months ofthe public improvements being accepted by the City, all rights of the developer to reimbursement shall terminate. f) Interim basins shall have secondary overflow routes without impacting adjacent lots. 18) Obtain off site easements, for grading and improvements in the SCE • and SBFCD easements adjacent to the protect, prior to grading permit issuance 19) If any of the above-mentioned faalities (street, storm drain, etc) are constructed by others, this developer will be responsible for reimbursing their fair share 20) Parkways shall slope at 2 percent from the top of curb to one foot behind the sidewalk along all street frontages 21) The City Attorney shall approve CC&Rs for the pnvate streets and drainage facilities a) Address HOA maintenance of interior streets, streetlights, lettered lots and parkways, both interior and along perimeter streets and Community Trails, private storm drains, WQMP measures and interim basins (if applicable). 22) Maintenance of Best Management Practices (BMP's) identified in the Water Quality Management Plan (WQMP) shall be addressed in the project CC&Rs 23) A portion of the required Equestrian Mitigation Fee shall be • set aside as an endowment for capital replacement and maintenance purposes, in the event of private maintenance default by the tenant organization. The amount to be set ~"3 /// c. PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-79 SUBTT14749-TRAIGH PACIFIC • June 9,2004 Page 15 aside shall be based on studies by the developer, subject to approval of the City Planner and City Engineer. The endowment shall be paid to the City prior to the issuance of building permits for the facility. 9 The Secretary to this Commission shall certify to the adoption of this Resolution APPROVED AND ADOPTED THIS 9TH DAY OF JUNE 2004 PLANNING COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF RANCHO CUCAMONGA BY Rich Macias, Chairman ATTEST • Brad Buller, Secretary I, Brad Buller, Secretary of the Planning Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga, do hereby certifythat the foregoing Resolution was duly and regularly introduced, passed, and adopted by the Planning Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga, at a regular meeting of the Planning Commission held on the 9th day of June 2004, by the following vote-to-wit AYES COMMISSIONERS NOES COMMISSIONERS ABSENT COMMISSIONERS • /'-S ~/~ ~ PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-79 SUBTT14749 - TRAIGH PACIFIC • June 9, 2004 Page 7 6) All corner turns shall receive acorner-cutoff as necessary to allow through traffic Enomeenna Diwsion 1) This development shall construct two (2) fully improved points of access prior to any occupancy Lower Crest Collector and bo Etiwanda and East Avenues shall be fully improved from the s th protect boundary to the nearest existing public street to the so In addition, no interior street shall extend more than 600 feet hout a second access completed The developer shall receive cre against, and reimbursement of costs in excess of, the Tr sportation Development Fee for backbone improvements in con rmance with City policy 2) Etiwanda Avenue shall be improved as follows a) Install full width "Secondary Arterial" sire improvements (64 feet curb-to-curb) from the north tract bo dary of Tract 16072 to "Lower Crest Collector" This include curb and gutter, sidewalk, 5800 Lumen HPSV street lights, a arkway Community Trail on . the east side, sidewalk with LMD andscaping on the west side, traffic striping and signage, Intl mg R26(s) posted for the entire length of Etiwanda Ave front ge b) Provide for bike la es on oth sides of Etiwanda Avenue c) Post drroe aisle no o tiwanda Avenue terminus with signs for "No Motor Drive Cv es " d) ^Proposed ,~f~Wey/ay access from the Etiwanda Avenue termmatio shal a for emergency access only e) I ~tiw rid `Av~Enue north of "Lower Crest" shall be posted "No ark 10 m to5am" f) rove II-way stop signs and markings at the intersection of Eti n a Avenue and Lower Crest 3) East gver7Le shall be improved as follows a) I tall full width "Collector" street improvements (44 feet curb-to- urb) from the north tract boundary of Tract 16072 to "Lower Crest Collector" This includes curb and gutter, sidewalk, 5800 Lumen HPSV street lights, a parkway Community Trail on the west side, sidewalk LMD landscaping on the east side, traffic • ` striping and signage, including R26(s) posted for the entve length of East Ave frontage ~ S 13n PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-79 SUBTT14749-TRAIGH PACIFIC June 9, 2004 Page 8 b) Since access to the gated community and the park o Lot C wdl require dnve approaches, a City standard knuckl should be installed at the intersection of East Avenue and Lower Crest Collector " c) There shall be no "Stop" signs at the interse ion of East Avenue and Lower Crest 4) Improvements to East Avenue shall co rm to Etiwanda North Specific Plan Landscape Theme Section -1 Use Section B-2 for the "Lower Crest Collector" and M-1 for Eti nda Avenue 5) Lower Crest shall be improved as a) Install full width "Coll tor" s eet improvements (44 feet curb-to- curb), mcludiog c and utter, 5-foot sidewalk, 5800 Lumen HPSV streetlights, MD I dscaping, traffic stnping and signage, including R26 oste for the entire length of Lower Crest frontage - b) There shall(be no driveways directly accessing Lower Crest c) I ~owe~Cr~s`E sha~'have a tangent of 140 feet in length between 00-f t r thus eversmg curves d) mpro emen to the "Lower Crest Collector" shall conform to w da N rth Specific Plan Exhibit 13E 6) Streets 'H" an 'O" shall be improved as follows a) Inst i f I width "Local Residential" street improvements (36 feet curb- -curb), including curb and gutter, sidewalk and 5800 Lum HPSV streetlights in accordance with City standards b) All yfitersections shall comply with City sight line criteria c) T~fiere shall be no driveways to Street "H", except from Lots 64- d)/ There shall be no driveways to Street "O" between Street "M" and Lower Crest 7) /All internal street frontage improvements to be in accordance with City Local Residential" standards, including but not limited to the following a) Street widths shall be 50 feet of right-of-way, 36 feet curb-to-curb b) Provide curb and gutter, sidewalk, street trees and asphalt pavement, as required F-~ 13g • • PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-79 SUBTT14749 - TRAIGH PACIFIC • June 9, 2004 Page 9 c) All driveways shall be constructed in accordance ith City Driveway Standard d) All intersections shall comply wdh City sight line cr ena 8) All aboveground facilities on the interior local street shall be located behind the sidewalk On interior local streets withi a 50-foot right-of- way, an easement shall be provided behind t e sidewalk for said facddies 9) Drive approaches for Street "K"and the pro osed equestrian trail north of the Etiwanda Avenue cut-de-sac shall per City Standard Drawing No 101, Type R-1 10) Construct a 20-foot vide Cq~lmuni Trail along the Etiwanda Creek levee JJJJJJ ~~,~~, 11) There maybe some ar of I d to the north of this protect that may not be included m the an Preserve If not included, access shall be provided to said ea th ugh this tract by one of the following two options . a) De el pe all rocess a vacation of all existing easements alo g he ste protect boundary and determine the owners of the vert d I d Provide reciprocal access and any necessary utdi se nts The Homeowner's- Association of subtect pros ct sh maintain this area b) Deve p r shall dedicate a minimum of 40 feet and improve with 26 fe of pavement Provide curb and gutter, sidewalk, street trees d asphalt pavement, as regwred 12) Propose gated entrances shall be designed and constructed per the City ga d entrance design gwde 13) Prov a curbside drain outlets where surface drainage faalities dis arge to street On-site transition structures shall be detailed on th Gradmp Plans 14) stall local storm drains to convey development drainage to the Master Plan Storm Drain Extend the local storm dram system as far on site as needed to contain 025 within tops of curbs, 0100 within rights-of- way and provide a 10-foot dry lane in 010 The cost of local storm drains shall be borne by this development with no fee credit 15) Where sump catch basins are used, provide two and intercept 0100 in both sump catch basins and their laterals F 7 ~~~ PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-79 SUBTT14749 - TRAIGH PACIFIC June 9, 2004 Page 10 16) Development shall provide adequate Baser and Master Plan System 3 drainage facilities the Etiwanda Regional Spreading Ground protection of the existing open channel on h 14139, east of East Avenue to the E ai Development shall participate in cons uctic 'pts and construct local tending from the site to System 3 includes the north boundary of Tract la Spreading Grounds of Intenm Master Plan Basin No 2 and either the Etiwanda/ mmit or Etiwanda/Arrow Intenm Regional Basin, to the satisfaction o the SBCFCD Standard drainage fees for the site shall be credited t he cost of permanent master plan facilities, m accordance with City olicy The developer may request a reimbursement agreement to r over over sizing costs, in excess of fees, from future development If the developer fails to submit for said reimbursement agreement wi in 6 months of the public improvements being accepted by the City, I nghts of the developerto reimbursement shall terminate a) Proposed n rth tra channel amounts to portions of Master Plan System 2 ede to protect the site from upstream flows Charmel s II b designed to be extended west along the Rancho an a Estates property Developer may also be required t ins II Intenm Master Plan Basin No 1, within the protect I its, t the satisfaction of the SBCFCD 17) Itnmt im actir 1 S) Obta c and S F issuanc 19) If any of construc reimburs 20) Parkway behind ty Flood drotecTJon faalities shall be completed pnor to occupancy have secondary overflow routes to streets without lots ts, for grading and improvements in the SCE adtacent to the protect, prior to grading permit above-mentioned facilities (street, storm dram, etc) are by others, this developer wtll be responsible for their fair share shall slope at 2 percent from the top of curb to one foot sidewalk along all street frontages 21) The City Attorney shall approve CC&Rs for the private streets and drama a factldies a) Ad ss HOA maintenance of interior streets, streetlights, ettered lots and parkways, as well as the maintenance of any private cross-lot terrace drams and the slopes above them, it necessary • ~'~ ~ `~~ PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-79 SUBTT14749 - TRAIGH PACIFIC . June 9, 2004 Page 11 b) Maintenance of Best Management Pract es (BMP's) identified in the W ater Quality Management Plan ( MP) shall be addressed in the protect CC&Rs 9 The Secretary to this Commission shall cerjrfy to the adoption of this Resolution APPROVED AND ADOPTED THIS 9TH DAX OF JUNE 2004 PLANNING COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF~{ANCHO CUCAMONGA BY Rich Macias h v an ATTEST Brad Buller, S etary I, Brad Buller, Secretary the Planning Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga, do hereby certify that the foregoin Resolution was duly and regularly introduced, passed, and adopted by the Planning Commissio of the City of Rancho Cucamonga, at a regular meeting of the Planning Commission held o the 9th day of June 2004, by the following vote-to-wit AYES CO ISSIONERS NOES C MISSIONERS ABSENT OMMISSIONERS u ~~~ ~~~ _~r ^'tr MIT Project File No.: SCH# 2003081085 Tract P IGATION MO Development P NITORING roiect CHECKLIST Applicant: _ T racv Develo pment repared by: Kent Norton -Michael Bra ndman Assoc iates Date: Ap ril 28. 2004 ' .. , .~ 1:0 Cand°Usexan"tl P nnin'g ='fi =~s~; 3y • ~ ... ~ .. - ' _ , 1-1 Pnor to recordation of each phase,onssuance of radm 9 9 permits for each phase, the applicant shall submit and bt CP Pnor to Recordation or C D -' '"'z'" ' o ain approval of a landscape plan that demonstrates compliance recordation grading permit , f 2 with the City of Rancho Cucamonga's Neighborhood Theme Plan in the Etiwanda North Specific Plan to th t or issuance of grading issuance , e sa isfaction of the City Planning Department permits for each phase 2.0 Population and Housing N R ~ :,r,:~~5~ 's'~." >5 ° ~ r +i t~~ ~ ~ ~ o one equired ¢ e._ ~ ( .,X, 4 ,b'Y"ttn .a. ~?' 3.0 Earth Resources _ ' e ,"r 3 ~ e~„~~~ ~ ~~k ` , - t u.. . ~ Mtv'~: ~~it 4 -- ~' .~`}', ~.., ~ )_ -- rt (1 ~ -- -- a ~f -}-}~ t 4 ~`y5~ ~SYV'"CI~'t~-T~S ,G( ix ~e' 3-1 Pnor to the issuance of budding permits, the developer BO r shall demonstrate that each lot is buildable 8 complies with B Prwr to bwldmg C p the recommendations and general earthwork and grading permit issuance speafications found in the RMA Group Geotechnical Investigation (DEIR Appendix C) This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Bwldmg Offiaal 3-2 Pnor to the issuance of grading permits and/or recordation of each phase, a detailed geologic and BO 8 Prwr to grading C ~ p geotechnical investigation shall be prepared and approved for permit issuance the residential bwlding areas and all roads The report shall and/or recordation demonstrate that each lot is buldable and identify potential of each phase geologic and soil limitations and recommend appropriate engineering and design measures to adequately protect structures and inhabitants This report shall also examine the drainage area adtacent to East Etiwanda Creek to identify potential landslide, erosion, or other slopes that could affect the residential area Subsequent foundation and other design gwdelines in these studies shall be consistent with the standards established in the RMA Group Geotechnicel Investigation (DEIR Appendix C) This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer ~ l /~ G ,~/j. ~ i • '~ ~J'' - - .0 Earth Resources ~~~~ ~ ~"~'~~"'~ ~~;:~r~° 33 Pnor t th .. • .. + , ~ -• .. °~,., o e issuance of grading permts and/or recordation, construction measures recommended by the BO B Pnor to grading C ~ ~ 2 detailed geological investigation identified in Measure 3-2 permit issuance shall be identified on grading plans and implemented to the and/or recordation satisfaction of the City Engineer 3-4 Prior to the issuance of a grading permit for each phase , the developer shall prepare and submit a Dust Control Plan to BO B C Prior to grading A, C p q the City that meets all applicable requirements of the permit issuance SCAOMD The Plan must be approved by the City Building for each phase and Safety Department, prior to issuance of the grading permit and demonstrate that methods are m place to assure the following a)Areas disturbed by construction activities and/or used to store backfill materials, will be sprayed with water at least twice a day, in the morning and afternoon, or more often if fugitive dust is observed migrating from the site b)Storage piles, which are to be left in place for more than three working days shall either be sprayed with anon-toxic soil binder or covered with plastic or revegetated until placed in use c)Tires of vehicles will be washed before the vehicle leaves the protect site and enters a paved road d)Dirt on paved surfaces shall be removed daily to minimize generation of fugitive dust 3-5 Prior to the issuance of bulding permits, where cut and CP B Prior to building A p fill slopes are created higher than three feet, a detailed Landscape and Irrigation Plan shall be submitted to the City permit issuance Planning Department prior to grading plan approval The plans shall be reviewed for type and density of ground cover, shrubs, and trees, and shall be consistent with the Neighborhood Theme Plan of the Etiwanda North Speafic Plan This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planner 3-6 Pnor to the issuance of bwldmg permits, graded, but BO B, C Pnor to budding A, C 2 3 undeveloped land shall be maintained weed-free and planted permit issuance , with interim landscaping within ninety days of completion of grading, unless building permits are obtained This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Cdy Bwldmg Official y .. 3 b' ~ h`~i s ' ° ~ ... _ ' . art e ources - ~ ~,n;,.~ •~ 3-7 Pnor to the issuance of occu anc p l ' CE ~ '~'"~"` f~° -` °"'~° ~~^`'~_` -- developed land shall comply with the Na onaP Pol lutant B, C Prior to A, C 3 Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Best Management occupancy permit Practices Construction Handbook Section 6 2 This measure issuance shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer 3-8 Prior to the issuance of budding permits, all grading shall gD be conducted in conformance with the recommendations B, C Prior to bwlding A, C 2 contained wdhm the Geotechnical Report included as DEIR permit issuance Appendix B This measure shall be implemented to th e satisfaction of the Cdy Engineer 4 0 Water Res - . ources tiV ._~ ~ ; ~ a~> w .w .1 ~~, ~. ,~ ~. '~, 4b~~~ w ~ ~ ~ "~~i` `~ ~ ~ 4-1 Prior to the issuance of a gradin ermit th d L '33n ~ "` s - §j ~ t` g p , e eveloper CE g P shall obtain Clean Water Act Section 401 and 404 permits (for rior to grading A, C p water quality certficahon for dredge and till operaLOns), d permd tssuance necessary, from the U S Army Corps of Engineers Copies of the same shall be provided to City Bwlding and Safety This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer 4-2 Prior to issuance of the first occupancy permit the CE B , planned revetment along the East Etiwanda Channel adjacent Prior to issuance B 3 to the protect site shall be installed, subject to approval by the of first occupancy San Bernardino County Flood Control Distract and receipt of permit that approval to the City Engineer 4-3 Prior to the recordation of each phase or approval of a CE B Prior to the A B C 1 grading permit, the project proponent will implement the on- , , , 2 and off-site drainage system improvements as outlined in the recordation of project Drainage Study (DEIR Appendix D) This includes each phase or approval of a detention facilities proposed at 24th Street (Wilson Avenue) grading permit and Etiwanda Creek or onsde, partcipation m the County's Etiwanda Creek fee program, and partiapatton in the City of Rancho Cucamonga's Etiwanda/San Sevaine Area Drainage Policy program, including appropriate fair share fees Implementation of this measure is subject to review and approval by the City Engineer prior to issuance of a grading permd S ~1 y V\ .. - - - . ~ o n " # ~ 4.0 Water Resources ~ ' "-' ~ "'~ ~~~ ,.n . 4-4 Pnor to issuance of building permits the a l 'b:,i- :'-; .~ ' ~ ` ', ~ tNl"... d ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~'~ ~~~ ~ ~ . SA":V~r ~'~rS;`Mf ~ r • vs , pp cant shall submn to the Crty Engineer for approval of a W star Quality CE B Pnor to bwldmg p 2 Management Plan (WpMP), including a protect description permit issuance and identifying Best Management Practices (BMPs) that will be used on-site to reduce pollutants into the storm drain system to the maximum eMent practicable The WQMP shall identify the structural and non-structural meas ures consistent with the Gwdelines for New Development and Redevelopment adopted by the City of Rancho Cucamonga June 2000 4-6 Prwr to issuance of grading or pavng permits, applicant CE B shall submit to the Crty Engineer a Notice of Intent (NOI) to Pnor to grading or p 2 comply with obtaining coverage under the National Pollutant paving permits Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) General Construction Storm Water Permit from the State Water Resources Control Board Evidence that this has been obtained (i e , a copy of the Waste Dischargers Identification Number) shall be submitted to the Cdy Engineer for coverage underthe NPDES General Construction Permd 4-6 Prior to the issuance of building permits, drainage and CE B flood control facilities and improvements shall be designed Prior to bwldmg A, C 2 and constructed in accordance with the San Bernardino Permit issuance County Flood Control Distract requitements, as applicable This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the County Flood Control District and receipt of approval by the City Engineer 4-7 Pnor to issuance of a grading permit, the developer wdl CE 6 Pnor to grading C pay the required drainage fee related to the San Bernardino 2 County Flood Control District Etiwanda Creek watershed permit issuance This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the County Flood Control District and receipt of approval by the Cdy Engineer ~_ J 5.0 Transportation grid Clrculatlon'`4-~,n's:~'_ 5-1 Prwr to the issuance of the fvsl occu anc t r t .. _ ~ , • • - .. •• ^ ~u' ~ `f ~ ~ , • protect, the following intersections are protect d fo he CE D Pnor to first g, p 3 warranted for traffic si nals b o enin 9 Y P g year occupancy permit • Day Creek Boulevard (NS) at Banyan Avenue (EW) Issuance • Day Creek Boulevard (NS) at SR-210 West Bound Ramp (EW) • Day Creek Boulevard (NS) at SR-270 East Bound Ramp (EW) • Ehwanda Avenue (NS) at Banyan Avenue (EW) • Ehwanda Avenue (NS) at Wilson Avenue (EW) • East Avenue (NS) at Banyan Avenue (EW) The applicant shall make a fair share contribution, as identified m the protect traffic re ort t th t p , o e raffic signal mitigation program of the County of San Bernardino and/or City of Rancho Cucamonga, as appropriate This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer 5-2 Prior to the issuance of budding permds for each phase CE , the protect shall incorporate bus turn-outs and/or shelters if C Pnor to budding A, B, C 2 required by Omni-Trans and/or the Transportation permit issuance for each phase Commission The protect applicant shall consult with and obtain clearance from these agencies to assure compliance with the Regional Mobility and Au Quality Management Plans Confirmation of contact and compliance with their regwrements shall be provided to the City Engineer This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer 5-3 Prior to the issuance of bwlding permits for each phase , the applicant shall pay a fair share basis for off-site CE g Prior to buildin g C 2 improvements as identified m the protect traffic report This permd issuance measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City for each phase Engineer, including but not limited to the following • 24'" Avenue (Wilson Avenue) from Ehwanda Avenue to Day Creek, • Day Creek Boulevard from 24'" (Wilson) to Highland Avenue, • 24'" (Wilson) between Ehwanda Avenue and Wardman Bullock Road, and • East Avenue from south of the protect limit to 23rd Street 1' - 5.0 Transportation and ClrculaYlonP ~" ~ ~~?-~" 5 4 P .. ~ ~,,~,~~ r ; ~ ` ,„,,_ ~ o ~ ,. ~ -, ~ ~ a«~>~ ~rn;~^~~as~, ~~. - , , - - nor to the issuance of bwiding permits for each phase, the applicant shall pay a'Yair share" contribution towards off- CE B Pnor to budding C 2 site impacts to linked roadways and intersections as outlined permit issuance , in the protect traffic report The protect share of the cost has for each phase been calculated based on the proportion of the protect peak hour traffic contributed to the improvement location relative to the total new peak hour Year 2015 traffic volume The protect's fair share of identified intersection and roadway link cost is $63,878 as of the date of the traffic study This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of City Engineer, including any changes in the protect's fair share contribution due to changes in the Consumer Price Index or similar public works measures 5-5 Prior to issuance of an occupancy permit for the tirst CE D Prior to first q residential unit, the developer shall construct East Avenue g and Etiwanda Avenue to City standards, as outlined m the occupancy permit protect traffic report These improvements will be made to the issuance satisfaction of the Cdy Engineer 5-6 Prior to the issuance of grading permits, the developer CE B Prior to grading A D 2 shall coordinate all construction-related actrvdies to minimize pemtrt issuance , congestion and delay on local roadways, to the satisfaction of Cdy Engineer - .. .. • -. 5.0 Transportation end CIi culatb ° ' _ ~ ~ ~xS ~~"~~~ ~ 5-7 Pnor to the issuance of radm ~ ? ~~ ~ 9 g permits the dev l tai '~~~~~"4"~' ~ ~. ~ Y ro »~'~ : z ~" b ~~ ~ ~- '~ ~" ^ "~ `~~ ~ ` , e oper shall submit a D t C BC w - •~~ ,_ ~ s,-£~ ~~ us ontrol Plan (DCP) to the Cdy Budding B Pnor to grading p and Safety Department consistent with SCAQMD guidelines The DCP shall include activities to red Permit issuance 2 uce on-site and on-site dust production This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Cdy Budding Official Such activd~es shall include, but are not hmrted to the follow , ing a)Throughout grading and construction actvties, exposed sod shall be kept moist through a minimum of twice daily watering to reduce fugitive dust b)Street sweeping shall be conducted, when visible soil accumulations occur along site access roadways to remove dirt dropped by construction vehicles or deed mud carved off by trucks moving dirt or bringing construction materials Sde access driveways and adtacent streets will be washed it there are visible signs of any din track-out at the conclusion of any workday c)AIl trucks hauling dirt away from the site shall be covered to prevent the generation of fugitive dust d)Dunng high wind conddions Q e ,wind speeds exceeding 25 mph), areas with disturbed soil will be watered hourly, and activities on unpaved surfaces shall be terminated until wind speeds no longer exceed 25 mph 6.0 Alr Qualit r : > . ~ , t- ; ~ y ~, R , x s .,~~,. ~,,,~,py~., ~~ ; , ~~ ~, ..,_ 6-1 During construction, all construction equpment shall be maintained in good operating condition so as to reduce BO C City Inspectors to A q operational emissions Contractor shall ensure that all monitor during construction equipment is being properly serviced and construction maintained as per manufacturers' specrficahons Maintenance records shall be available at the construction site for Crt verification 6-2 Prior to the issuance of any grading permits, developer CP B shall submit construction plans to City denoting the proposed Developer to C, D 2 schedule and protected equipment use Construction submit documentation of contractors shall provide evidence that low emission mobile construction equipment will be utilized, or that their use was compliance investigated and found to be infeasible for the protect Contractors shall also conform to any construction measures imposed by the South Coast Au Quality Management District City Inspectors to q q (SCAQMD) as well as City Planning Staff monitor compliance s \J ;1 • •- - •' 6.0 Alr Quality '„"""'`'y'"- 4 . , 6-3 During constructOn ll _ _ _ ~ • ~ - - -• - .. - ~~ •p~''` ~"~ x , a paints and coatings shall meet or exceed performance standards noted in SCAOMD Rule 1113 BO C Cdy lnspectors to A 4 Paints and coatings shall be applied edher by hand or high mondor volume, low-pressure spray, to the satisfaction of the City compliance Inspectors during painting 6-4 During construction, all asphalt shall meet or exceed BO C performance standards noted in SCAOMD Rule 1108 to the City Inspectors to A 4 , satisfaction of the Crty Inspectors mondor compliance 6-5 During grading and construcnon, the prime contractor BO C dunng pawng shall post signs regwring that trucks shall not be left idling for City Inspectors to A 4 prolonged periods (i e , in excess of 10 minutes) mondor compliance dunng 6-6 During construction, all construction equipment shall construcbon comply with SCAQMD Rules 402 and 403, to the satisfaction BO C Cary Inspectors to A q of the Cdy Inspectors Adddionally, contractors shall include mondor the following provisions compliance • Reestablish ground cover on the construction site during through seeding and watering, construcpon • Pave or apply gravel to any on-site haul roads, • Schedule activities to minimize the amounts of exposed excavated soil during and after the end of work periods, • Dispose of surplus excavated material in accordance with local ordinances and use sound engineering practices, • Sweep streets according to a schedule established by the Cdy if sdt is carved over to adjacent public thoroughfares or occurs as a result of hauling Timing may vary depending upon time of year of construction, • Suspend grading operations during high winds (i e , wind speeds exceeding 25 mph) in accordance with Rule 403 regwrements, and • Maintain a minimum 24-inch freeboard ratio on soils haul trucks or cover payloads using tarps or other suitable means ~l 6.0 Air ~uality~ ' ,_,~.,~„" ~~; , ..~.., 6-7 Durng gradmg the site shall be t t d .. . - x~ , .. -. - , rea e wdh water or other soil-stabilizing agent (approved by SCAQMD and BO B Crty Inspectors to A, D q Regional Water Quality Control Board [RWQCB]) daily to monitor reduce PM~o emissions, in accordance with SCAQMD Rule compliance 403 This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of dunng grading the City Inspectors 6-8 Chemical soil stabilizers (approved by SCAQMD and BO RWQCB) shall be applied to all inactive construction r C City Inspectors to A q a eas that remain inactive for 96 hours or more to reduce PM monitor ~o emissions This measure shall be implemented to the f compliance during satis action of the City Inspectors construction 6-9 During construction, contractors shall utilize electric or clean alternative fuel powered equipment where feasible BO C City Inspectors to A q This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the monitor City Inspectors compliance 6-10 During construction, contractors shall ensure that BO C City inspectors to A q construction and grading plans include a statement that work crews will shut off equpment when not in use This measure monitor compliance I shall be implemented to the satsfaction of the City Inspectors dunng construction 6-11 Prior to approval of bulding permits, the developershall BO B Developer C p demonstrate that all residential structures have incorporated submits plans for high efficiency/low polluting heating, au conddionm9, approval appliances and water heaters This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Cdy Budding Official 6-12 Prior to approval of bulding permits, the developershall BO B Developer C 2 demonstrate that all residential structures have incorporated submits plans for thermal pane windows and weather-stripping This measure approval shall be tmplemented to the sahsfacbon of the Crty Budding Offical 6-13 Prior to the issuance of building permits, the developer CP B Developer C, D 2 shall submit and obtain approval of a plan for the provision of submits plans for adequate pedestrian and bicycle facilities forproject residents approval throughout the protect The plan shall detail the construction timing for bike racks at the two parks, sidewalks, and trails based upon completion prior to occupancy of the first unit of the subject phase This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Cdy Planning Department • i • J V1 .. , .. 6.0 Alr~uality-~- ~~`~~~~~°: ' , ~~~ry"~ ,`. . .i..t~rTe4 e: x...~.a^.ar.- 6-14 Prior to the issuance of the first occupanc er t th 1- _ _ ~_ .. iW~-^, 'r. rY~ .~.:~J..t y p mi , e applicant shall make a fair share contribution to a park and CE B Developer C, D 2 nde facility along the I-15 or I-10 Freeways that would serve submits proof of protect residents The fair share calculation shall be fee payment determined to the satisfaction of Cdy Engineer The applicant shall place the appropriate funds in a special accountforsuch purposes This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer 6-15 Prior to issuance of the first occupancy permit the CE , applicant shall provide a bus stop/shelter at the trailhead park E Developer shall B, D g to OmniTrans standards if so duetted by OmniTrans, and to construct bus the satisfaction of the City Engineer stop/shelter if needed 7 0 Biol i l R _ ° . og ca esources - - ~ : ~`~ u~j ,, r ~s~'mi x , o- t ~ I '$kSAY,~ ~3,~,*°x~r Y, p x , - 7-1 If necessary the applicant shall obt th r , ain e appropriate CP B Dev l h federal Clean Water Act (CWA) Section 404 permit from the e oper s all B, D 2 U S Army Corps of Engineers If a permit is required the obtain , applicant will mitigate any loss of turisdictional land orwetland determination areas at a minimum 1 1 ratio, which is consistent with the from USACOE if protect delineation report This measure shall be permit is needed -developer shall implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning obtain if needed Department pnor to the issuance of grading permits 7-2 Pnor to the issuance of a grading permit, the applicant CP B Developer shall B D p shall obtain a CWA Section 401 Certdication from the obtain , Regional Water Quality Control Board, if necessary This determination measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City from RWQCB if Planning Department prior to the issuance of grading permits permit rs needed -developer shall obtain rf needed 73 If necessary, the applicant shall obtain a Streambed CP B Developer shall B D 2 Alteration Agreement (SAA) from the Cakfomia Department of obtain , Fish and Game If an SAA is required, the applicant will determination mtigate any loss of tunsdictional land at a minimum 1 1 ratio from CDF&G d as recommended by the protect biology report This measure permit is needed shall be tmplemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning -developer shall Department prior to the issuance of grading permits obtain if needed J ~~ .. . - ~ V S'n a"~'~,Ri~t -. `,x ~ •'S Sk r ,iy~ .. ~. !~q ~~, ,_ .. ,:f AL. a"'d~R'~+f7 §~*,:.ifia.a. ,, cupancy permits, all y of the develo m t CP D Developer shall A g p en Planning staff This install required satisfaction of the City landscaping ipancy permits for the dation of each phase, qumng this measure mit, the applicant shall ~eaal District OS•1 or CP B Developer shall B, D p ration 164 acres of land provide proof of st supports alluvial fan CSD ub This measure is establishment of habitat for sensitive of raptor foraging land II be of equal or greater site The identdication ~ahsfachon of the City nth the gwdelines of the I be made to locate the as This measure shall of the Cdy Planning 7-6 Prior to the issuance of grading permits, a protocol CP B Biologist shall D 2 gnatcatcher survey shall be conducted If any individuals or conduct protocol nesting pans of birds are found onsite, the developer shall surveys before obtain appropriate take authorization and additional mitigation grading land shall be added to the amount of Offsite Mitigaton Land (OML) described in Measure 7-6 according to the following minimum ratios individual = 15 acres, nested pair = 30 acres If gnatcatchers are found onsite, an Incidental Take Permit would be required from the U S Fish 8 Wildlife Service either by a Section 10(a) permit or through a Section 7 Consultation with the U S Army Corps of Engineers This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department • • /r ~/`i • • 4<;~. • -. .. 3ding permit, the developer y for the San Bernardino CP B Biologist shall D 2 onto Ana wooly star within conduct protocol :reek within 50 feet of the surveys before -- - .,, :he new northern drainage grading channel to the creek channel This survey is to verify that these species do not occupy area to be disturbed by construction If SBKR and/or Santa Ana wooly star are found to be present, the developer shall comply with applicable U S Fish and Wildlife Service requirements, which may include obtaining a federal Endangered Speaes Act Section 10(a) permit or a Section 7 Consultation through the U S Army Corps of Engineers SBKR or wooly star habitat disturbed by construction wdl be mitigated at a minimum ratio of 21 subtect to any subsequent USF&WS permit conditions and receipt or notification to the City Planning Department 7.8 If grading of the site has not occurred before February 15 CP B Biologist shall D of 2005, protocol surveys for SBKR and gnatcatchers will be 2 performed over the entire site, and each spring thereafter, conduct protocol surveys before until grading is completed Any occupied habitat found dunng grading those surveys for either species will be added to the amount of offsite mitigation land required under the Draft EIR (164 acres) 7-9 The developer to provide an appropriate contribution for CP B Developer shall B 2 ~ the protect toward funding a local brown-headed cowbird demonstrate proof trapping program to further benefd gnatcatchers m this area of payment The amount of this contribution, and the location of the trapping program, shall be determined by the City in consultation with the California Department of Fish and Game The contribution shall be made prior to grading, to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department in consultation with the California Department of Fish and Game 7-10 Prwrto issuance of grading permds, a qua68ed biologist CP B Biologist shall D 2 shall conduct a survey for nesting buds on the site Any conduct protocol occupied nest shall be avoided and separated by at least 200 surveys before feet from ground-disturbing activities Nesting areas are to be grading marked by orange construction fencing The biologist shall verify a nest has been abandoned prior to removing the fencing and commencing ground-disturbing activities in any of these areas V` .. ~ . .. '~~ M~, ~R~~~ . ~~ ~ a t ,., zr, . ~ ~ -~~ ` ;~<~ S the developer CE B ~ Sx r, fim ,,..xz„ Fire Protection Developer shall B, D 2 •.. ,.,..per clean up of submd plan for any hazardous or toxic substance that is discovered or review and released during construction The plan will regwre the approval by developer to properly clean-up and remove any contaminated RCFPD soil or other material, restore the affected area to background conditions or to regulatory threshold levels for the contaminant(s) accidentally released or discovered, and deliver the contaminated material to an appropriate treatment, recycling, or landfill facility in accordance with the regulations far the type of contaminant accidentally released and collected for management This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the RCFPD 9-2 Each individual lot owner will be required to maintain their BO E RCFPD to A side and back yards wdh 30 feet of ungated'9irewise" Zone 1 landscapin or e uival nt N b ld conduct annual Notice/Fine for RCFPD to perform g q e o m mgs are to be bwlt within '~ this setback area Swimming pools and non-combustible inspections required work d deck coverings are permissible Any remaining portion of the needed backyard lot will be maintained to either Zone 1 or Zone 2 criteria depending on the lot depth This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Rancho Cucamonga Fire Protection District 9-3 Landscape and maintenance for the manufactured BO E RCFPD to A Notice/Fine for slopes common areas will be to Zone 2 criteria These areas conduct annual RCFPD to perform may be irrigated, ornamental firewise landscaping, orplanted inspections required work if with native fue resistant plants and trees Access points needed every 500 feet shall be available to perform annual maintenance This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Rancho Cucamonga Fue Protection Distract • • • (f V~ .. 9.0 Hazards "`~`.- ~~ 9 4 .. -. .. ~. .. H - A special fuel modification zone easement shall be located outside and adjacent to the northern protect boundary BO E RCFPD to A Notice/Fine for wthin the electric uWrty corridor and on flood control district conduct annual RCFPD to perform land where all native and exotic vegetation will be treated to inspections required work if Zone 2 criteria on a strip of land 50 feet in width Also, a Fuel needed Modification Zone Easement of 75 feet in width will be created and maintained by the maintenance authority adjacent to the east side of Lot 46, Phase 4 Alternatively, the tentative tract map may be modified to allow an appropriate onsite Fuel Modification Zone along the northern boundary if the electric corridor cannot be used This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Rancho Cucamonga Fire Protection Distract 9-5 All residential structures within the Tract 14749 development will be built with a Class A Roof Assembly BO D RCFPD or City to A 3 , Including a Class A roof covering and attic or foundation conduct ventilation louvers or ventilation openings m vertical walls inspections shall not exceed 144 square Inches per opening These opening shall be covered with Y. Inch mesh corrosion- resistant metal screening or other approved material that offers equivalent protection Attic ventilation shall also comply with the requirements of the Uniform Building Code (U B C ) Ventilation louvers and openings may be incorporated as part of access assemblies This measure h ll b l s a e imp emented to the satisfaction of the Rancho Cucamonga Fire Protection District 9-6 A six-foot high solid non-combustible wall shall be CP D Developer to A 3 constructed along the entire length of the north, east and west construct property lines to minimize fire danger This measure shall be perimeter walls implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department 9-7 Prior to the issuance of the first occupancy permit, the CP D Developer to A 3 applicant shall provide signs along the community trails, prepare and including the west bank of East Etiwanda Creek, that warn install signs per residents of the potential risk of wildlife/human interactions City direction The wording, design, number, and placement of the signs shall be to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department 11 U` .. ~ -. • ~ ~. . ., - ~„" "'"~"° "~a°` 9.0 Hazards 9-8 The applicant shall provide wildlife resistant trash CP D Developer shall A receptacles at the parks and other public faalities to prevent g foraging by local wildlife The design and placement of the provide required receptacles shall be to the satisfaction of the City Planning facilities Department 10.0 Noise ~ , `,~~~~_ ^.g~ ;: ;, ; w , : ~ „ ,~ p e 10-1 Construction or grading noise levels shall not exceed CP C the standards specified in Development Code Section Developer shall A q 17 02 120-D, as measured at the property line Developer retain noise consultant to shall hue a consultant to perform weekly noise level perform regwred momtonng as specified m Development Code Section mondonng 17 02 120 Monitoring at other times may be required by the Planning Division Said consultant shall report then findings to the Planning Dvision within 24 hours, however, if noise levels exceed the above standards, then the consultant shall immediately notify the Planning Division If noise levels exceed the above standards, then construction actiwties shall be reduced in intensity to a level of compliance with above noise standards or halted 10-2 During construction, haul truck deliveries shall not take BO C City Inspectors to A 4 place between the hours of 8 00 p m and 6 30 a m on monitor weekdays, including Saturday, or at any time on Sunday or a compliance national holiday Additionally, if heavy trucks used for hauling during would exceed 100 daily trips (counting both to and from the construction construction site), then the developer shall prepare a noise mdigahon plan denoting any construction traffic haul routes To the extent feasible, the plan shall denote haul routes that do not pass sensitive land uses or residential dwellings U .. - .. ~ 10.0 Noise ..~ •~:~*~ ~~`~' ~ ;« +,, ~;" ti,~'~~~ 10-3 Prior to the issuance of grading and building permits for BO B Developer to D each phase, the developer shall confirm to Bulding and 2 Safety m writing that all construction egwpment fixed or submit , mobile, shall use properly operating mufflers No combustion documentation of egwpment, such as pumps or generators, shall be allowed to compliance to operate within 500 feet of any occupied residence from 6 30 City p m to 7 a m unless the equipment is surrounded by a noise protection barrier Stationary egwpment shall be placed in such a manner as emitted noise is directed away from sensitive receptors Additionally, stockpiling of vehicles and staging areas shall be located as far as practical from sensitive noise receptors as well The developer shall include this provision and adherence to all conditions of approval as a requirement of all construction contracts for this site This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department 10-4 Prior to the issuance of grading and/or building permits, CP B Developer C all construction staging shall be performed at least 500 feet submits plan to p from occupied dwellings The location of staging areas, as City for review indicated on the grading plan, will be subject to review and C approval by the City Planning Department City Inspectors A 4 momtor 10-5 Prior to the issuance of building permits for each phase, the developer will document that exterior residential areas will BO B Developer shall C, D 2 have exterior noise levels of less than 65 dB CNEL, to the submit proof of compliance satisfaction of the City Building and Safety Department 10-6 Pnor to the issuance of occupancy permds for each BO D Developer shall D 3 phase, the developer shall document that interior living areas submit proof of have noise levels less than 45 dB CNEL, to the satisfaction of compliance the Bulding and Safety Department 10-7 Prior to the issuance of bulding permits for each phase, BO D City Inspectors to A, D 2 the developer shall incorporate site designs and measures to verity compliance help reduce proposed noise levels over the long-term Residential lots with rear yards or side yards adjacent to collector streets (i a Lower Crest) shall be constructed with a 6-foot block wall along the perimeter or demonstrate with an additional noise study that ultimate traffic volumes onsite will not exceed the noise performance standards in the City Development Code to the satisfacuon of [he Bulding and Safety Department .. . - .. -. .. -,,,; µ.,, . ermitsforeachphase, >builders shall a ll BO B Developer to D p p y a ,including police fire submit proof of , , acted public agencies fee payments cement This measure on of the City Budding anu oniery ~epanmern 11-2 Prior to the issuance of building permits for each phase CP B , the developer and/or individual homebwlders shall comply Developer to C p with all design requirements of affected public agencies such submit plans to as police, fire, health, etc This measure shall be agences for revew and implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning approval Department 11-3 Prior to the issuance of bulding permits for each phase, FC B Developer to C 2 the applicant shall obtain approval of the Fire Department with regard to determination of adequate fire flow and installation submit plans to RCFD for review of acceptable fue resistant structural materials in protect and approval buildings 11-4 Prior to the issuance of occupancy permits for each BO D Developer shall B 3 phase, the applicant shall pay all legally established impact submit proof of fees to the Etiwanda School District and the Chaffey Joint payment of school Umon High School District in accordance with state law fees Proof of such payment shall be submitted to City Bwlding and Safety Department 11-5 Prior to recordation for each phase, the developer shall CE B Developer shall D 1 post a bond in an amount to be determined by the City demonstrate Engineering Department to ensure installation and payment of bond maintenance of all public and private roads and drainage facilities necessary for each phase of the protect This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer 12.0, Utilities ,,>', xam~~-;',air ,,',~~,~,xw, ,~~~ ~3~, ,}r,~;~ ~~~~~~ ~ ~, -=~, :;~'~a. ~, r=~~ ~;~j~ ` . 12-1 Prior to the issuance of bulding permits for each phase, BO B Developer shall B 2 the applicant shall provde funding to the Cucamonga County demonstrate Water District for sewer service Additionally, the Cucamonga payment County W ater District will be requued to provide funds to the Inland Empire Utilities Agency far treatment of the protect's wastewater Proof of such payment shall be submitted to the City Bwlding an afety Department i~~ "nn J` >D • • • .I 1 U` .. ... - ... .. .. .. . '12:0~"~Utiitiies ~° , 12-2 Prior to the tssuance of grading permits, development CE B Developer shall B 2 plans shall be provided to Southern California Edison, the submit proof of Gas Company, and Verizon, as they become available in review and order to facilitate engineering, design and construction of approval by other improvements necessary to provide electrical, natural gas , and telephone service to the protect site This shall be done agences to the sahsfaction of the Crty Engineer 12-3 Prwr to the issuance of building permits, the applicant CE B Developer shall B p shall apply for and obtain will-serve letters from SCE SCGC , , and Verizon and place them on file with the City Engineer submit service letters from other agencies 12-4 Prior to the issuance of building permits, the applicant CE B Developer shall B C 2 shall comply with the guidelines provided by SCE, SCGC, and submit proof of , Venzon m regard to easement restrictions, construchon review and gwdelines, protection of pipeline easements, and potential approval by other amendments to right-of-way in the areas of any existing a en easements of these companies This shall be done to the g cies satisfaction of the City Engineer > , mf any , x~ r~, ,~'18~U,AeSthetics ,;;3~ xh %,7sF°~~ ~~ '~~~ a ~' ~' ~ ~ ~ °~~" ~x~. "~~a*'~~~~~;rh 13-1 All outdoor 6ghbng shall be submitted to the Planning CP B Developer shall C 2 Department for plan check and shall comply with the submtt lighting regwrements of Etiwanda North Speafic Plan design plans to City for guidelines and the City General Plan This measure shall be review and implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planner approval 13-2 Prior to issuance of building permits the developer shall CE B Developer shall C 2 submit construction plans for any signage assoctatedvnth the submit signage site, including entrance monuments (but excluding street plans to City for signs and traffic signs), primarily of natural appearing review and materials (i a wood and rock), consistent with the Etiwanda approval North Specific Plan design gudelines If signs are lighted, light must be directed toward the sign rather than backlighting This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department 13-3 Prior to final inspection or occupancy of each phase, the CP D City Planners to A 3 Cdy wdl evaluate the site hghtmg, including entrance hghbng, inspect hghtmg The lighting will be adequately shielded or drected to minimize on- and offsite impacts, to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department .. - - ' .. .. , .. - - ... -. '13.0 A}®stii to Cis ~~~ s°; ~ ~~3 ~4x -. • .. • , 13-4 Pnor to recordation for each phase, the developer will BO ~5te,.„~ ' r t provde the telephone numbers of persons to contact if there B Developer to D ~ are complaints about noise, odors, night-lighting, etc from provide numbers activities on the protect site This information should be to City displayed on a sign visible from the entrance to the development This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Building and Safety Department 13-5 Pnor to issuance of building permits the developer will CP prepare a detailed landscaping and wall treatment plan for the B Developer to C 2 Phase 1 area along the "Lower West Collector ' to the submit landscape , satisfaction of the City Planning Department Special attention plans to City for shall be given to the landscape treatments along Etiwanda review and Avenue and East Avenue and at entrances to the protect approval 14.0Cultural R ~ ~ _ ` ~ ~ ~~ r `_<~~~ ~ ~ ~m esource '~ °~~' ~' ~`~ ~ ~ 4t ~ ~ '~ F r s _ 'MY aE.~'rs4 R~r ~ ~.F"6~~?^S !~~~~r f~~, »~~ ~ ' T ' y~ ~0.' }~}~`~yyqq~'r.°„xt°z~.'uP,*ex v ~ a 5 ~~rsu jVu`"+~ttk^~yy-~~P.?~. ^M~y~'~q°~~ ~ w ~ 14-1 A qualified paleontologist shall conduct a mrr , ., } 'a y ~ vu a'„ 5~,. 4 5ts 2'b y~n Yx l ra. rai";-: preconstruction field survey of the protect site The Cp g Developer to A, B, D p paleontologist shall submit a report of findings that will also retain paleo to provide speafic recommendations regarding further mitigation survey site measures (i e , paleontological monitoring) that may be appropriate Where mitigation monitoring is appropriate the , program must include, but not be limited to, the following measures • Assign a paleontological monitor, trained and egwpped to allow the rapid removal of fossils with minimal construction delay, to the site full-time during the interval of earth-disturbing actvties, • Should fossils be found within an area being cleared or graded, divert earth-disturbing activities elsewhere until the monitor has completed salvage If construction personnel make the discovery, the grading contractor should immediately divert construction and notify the monitor of the find, and Submit summary report to City of Rancho Cucamonga Transfer collected speamens with a copy of the report to San Bernardino County Museum 1J r~ i e-- ~~ u • .. • ., • ~ . . .. ~ ~~.: gym,,, ~. ~,~,~ ..~~ _ 14,0 Cultural Resources ~ ~- ~- ~ ~' .~. ., ~ , 14-2 If any prehistoric archaeological resources are „ ~ ;~~ encountered before or during grading, the developer will Cp C Developer will A q retain a qualified archaeologist to monitor construction retain archaeo activities, to take appropriate measures to protect or preserve monitor them for study With the assistance of the archaeologist, the City of Rancho Cucamonga will • Enact interim measures to protect undesignated sites from demolition or sigrnficant modrfication without an opportunity for the City to establish its archaeological value, • Consider estabhshmg prowsrons to regmre incorporation of archaeological sites within new developments, using their special qualities as a theme or focal point, • Pursue educating the public about the area's archaeological heritage, • Propose mitigation measures and recommend conditions of approval to eliminate adverse protect effects on sigmLcant, important, and unique prehistonc resources, following appropriate CEQA guidelines, • Prepare a technical resources management report, ' documenting the inventory, evaluation, and proposed mitigation of resources within the protect area Submit one copy of the completed report with original illustrations, to the San Bernardino County Archaeological Information Center for permanent archiving, and • If artifacts of Natroe Amencan (NA) ongin are discovered, official representatives of the NAgroup will be consulted to determine the most appropnate disposition of the artifacts, to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department in agreement with County Museum and the NA rou 15.0 Agricultural Resources ~ ~ '„ :rv` < :u"'-„F, ~~ y~F' ` ~ '~ ~~~~= a- - f- '"',s, „„ h l None Required 16.0 Recreation ~ ~ ~ .~>. ~ °~~` =~'~~° 16-1 The applicant will submit conceptual park design and CP B Developer to C 2 landscaping plans to the City subtect to the approval of the submit park plans CRy Plannng Department to City for rewew and approval Key to Checklist Abbreviations Responsible Person Monitoring Frequency ~ -- - '~" Method`$t Yertlication','~s~+~~)r;?„~~_ - ~ , ~ ' Sanctions CDD -Community Development Director or designee A -With Each New Development .. x . ~ e x „ _w ~~, sr..~w~.«,,. . ,~; A - On-site Inspection 1 * CP -City Planner or designee CE - Cny Engineer or designee B -Prior To Construction B -Other Agency Permit! Approval Withhold Recordation of Final Map 2 -Withhold Grading or Building Permit BO -Building Official or designee C -Throughout ConstructOn D - On Completion C -Plan Check 3 -Withhold Certtlcate of Occupancy PO -Police Captain or designee E -Operating D -Separate Submittal (Reports /Studies /Plans) 4 -Stop Work Order FC - Fve Chief or designee 5 -Retain Deposit or Bonds 6 • Revoke CUP J .--. N • i ~ C~ .+~, COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT STANDARD CONDITIONS PROJECT#: SUBTT14749 SUBJECT: TENTATIVE TRACT MAP APPLICANT: TRAIGH PACIFIC DEVELOPMENT LOCATION: NORTH OF THE SCE CORRIDOR BETWEEN ETIWANDA AVENUE AND EAST AVENUE ALL OF THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS APPLY TO YOUR PROJECT. APPLICANT SHALL CONTACT THE PLANNING DIVISION, (909) 477-2750, FOR COMPLIANCE WITH THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS: A. General Requirements The applicant shall agree to defend at his sole expense any action brought against the City, its agents, officers, or employees, because of the issuance of such approval, or in the alternative, to relingwsh such approval The applicant shall reimburse the City, its agents, officers, or employees, for any Court costs and attorney's fees which the City, its agents, officers, or employees maybe required by a court to pay as a result of such action The City may, at its sole discretion, participate at its own expense in the defense of any such action but such participation shall not relieve applicant of his obligations under this condition Approval of Tentative Tract Map No SUBTT16324 is granted subject to the approval of annexation Copies of the signed Planning Commission Resolution of Approval No 04-60, Standard Conditions, and all environmental mitigations shall be included on the plans (full size) The sheet(s) are for information only to all parties involved in the construction/grading activities and are not required to be wet sealed/stamped by a licensed Engineer/Architect B. Time Limits This tentative tract map or tentative parcel map shall expire, unless extended by the Planning Commission, unless a complete final map is filed with the City Engineer within 3 years from the date of the approval C. Site Development 1 The site shall be developed and maintained in accordance with the approved plans which include site plans, architectural elevations, exterior materials and colors, landscaping, sign program, and grading on file in the Planning Division, the conditions contained herein, Development Code regulations, and the Etiwanda North Specific Plan Completion Dale -/_J- / / -/-/- / / -/-/- F-'SI~3 Protect No SUBTT14749 Completion Date 2 Prior to any use of the protect site or business activity being commenced thereon, all Conditions of Approval shall be completed to the satisfaction of the City Planner 3 Occupancy of the faalities shall not commence until such time as all Uniform Bwldmg Code and State Fve Marshal regulations have been complied with Prior to occupancy, plans shall be submitted to the Rancho Cucamonga Fire Protection District and the Bwldmg and Safety Division to show compliance The buildings shall be inspected for compliance prior to occupancy 4 Revised site plans and building elevations incorporating all Conditions of Approval shall be submitted for City Planner review and approval prior to the issuance of bulding permits 5 All site, grading, landscape, irrigation, and street improvement plans shall be coordinated for consistency prior to issuance of any permits (such as grading, tree removal, encroachment, building, etc) or prior to final map approval in the case of a custom lot subdivision, or approved use has commenced, whichever comes first 6 Approval of this request shall not waive compliance with all sections of the Development Code, all other applicable City Ordinances, and applicable Community or Specific Plans in effect at the time of building permit issuance 7 If no centralized trash receptacles are provided, all trash pick-up shall be for individual units with all receptacles shielded from public view 8 All ground-mounted utility appurtenances such as transformers, AC condensers, etc ,shall be located out of public view and adequately screened through the use of a combination of concrete or masonry walls, berming, and/or landscaping to the satisfaction of the City Planner For single- family residential developments, transformers shall be placed in underground vaults 9 Street names shall be submitted for City Planner review and approval in accordance with the adopted Street Naming Policy prior to approval of the final map 10 A detailed plan indicating trail widths, maximum slopes, physical conditions, fencing, and weed control, in accordance with City Master Trail drawings, shall be submitted for City Planner review and approval prior to approval and recordation of the Final Tract Map and prior to approval of street improvement and grading plans Developer shall upgrade and construct all trails, including fencing and drainage devices, in contunction with street improvements a Local Feeder Trails (i a ,private equestrian easements) shall, at a minimum, be fenced with two-rail, 4-inch lodgepole "peeler" logs to define both sides of the easement, however, developer may upgrade to an alternate fence material b Local Feeder Trail entrances shall also provide access for service vehicles, such as veterinarians or hay deliveries, including a 12-foot minimum drive approach Entrance shall be gated provided that equestrian access is maintained through step-throughs c Local Feeder Trail grades shall not exceed 0 5% at the downstream end of a trail for a distance of 25 feet behind the public right-of-way line to prohibit trail debris from reaching the street Drainage devices may be required by the Building Official d For single family residential development within the Equestrian/Rural Overlay District, at least one model home shall be provided with a constructed 24-foot by 24-foot corral with appropriate fencing 11 The Covenants, Conditions, and Restrictions (CC&Rs) shall not prohibit the keeping the egwne animals where zoning regwrements for the keeping of said animals have been met Individual lot owners in subdivisions shall have the option of keeping said animals without the necessity of appealing to boards of directors of homeowners' associations for amendments to the CC&Rs 12 The Covenants, Conditions, and Restrictions (CC&Rs) and Articles of Incorporation of the Homeowners' Association are subtect to the approval of the Planning and Engineering Divisions and the City Attorney They shall be recorded concurrently with the Final Map or prior to the issuance of building permits, whichever occurs first A recorded copy shall be provided to the City Engineer The Homeowners' Association shall submit to the Planning Dmsion a list of the _/_/~ -/-/- / / / / / / -/_/- / / _/_/~ _!~_ _/~_ / / -/~- _/~- / / _/-/~ p ~ ~ ~ lV`~ Protect No SUBTT14749 Completion Date name and address of then officers on or before January 1 of each and every year and whenever said information changes 13 All parkways, open areas, and landscaping shall be permanently maintained by the property owner, homeowners' association, or other means acceptable to the City Proof of this landscape maintenance shall be submitted for Cary Planner and City Engineer review and approved prior to the issuance of building permits 14 The developer shall submit a construction access plan and schedule for the development of all lots for City Planner and Cary Engineer approval, including, but not limited to, public notice regwrements, special street posting, phone listing for community concerns, hours of construction activity, dust control measures, and security fencing 15 Six-foot decorative block walls shall be constructed along the protect perimeter If a double wall condition would result, the developer shall make a good faith effort to work with the adjoining property owners to provide a single wall Developer shall notify, by mail, all contiguous property owner at least 30 days prior to the removal of any existing walls/ fences along the project's perimeter 16 Construct block walls between homes (i a ,along interior side and rear property lines), rather than wood fencing for permanence, durability, and design consistency 17 Access gates to the rear yards shall be constructed from a material more durable than wood gates Acceptable materials include, but are not limited to, wrought iron and PVC 18 For residential development, return walls and corner side walls shall be decorative masonry 19 Slope fencing along side property lines may be wrought uon to maintain an open feeling and enhance views . 20 On corner side yards, provide minimum 5-foot setback between walls/fences and sidewalk The 5-foot wall/fence setback and the parkway shall have landscape and urigation in addition to the requred street trees Detailed landscape and irrigation plans shall be submitted for City Planner review and approval pnor to issuance of bulding permits The parkway landscaping including trees, shrubs, ground covers and irrigation shall be maintained by the property owner The developer shall provide each prospective buyer written notice of the parkway maintenance regwrement, in a standard format as determined by the City Planner, prior to accepting a cash deposit on any property 21 Where rock cobble is used, it shall be real river rock Other stone veneers may be manufactured products D. Building Design 1 For all residential development, provide conduit from each uniUlot and a pull box to connect to the street Provide interior structured wiring for each house/budding with minimum Category 5 copper wire, Radio Grade 6 coaxial cable, and a central distribution panel, prior to release of occupancy (fiber-to-the building, FTTB) Plans shall be submitted for City Planner and Building Official review and approval pnor to issuance of bwlding permits E. Landscaping 1 A detailed landscape and irrigation plan, including slope planting and model home landscaping in the case of residential development, shall be prepared by a licensed landscape architect and submitted for City Planner review and approval prior to the issuance of building permits or prior final map approval in the case of a custom lot subdivision 2 All private slopes of 5 feet or more in vertical height and of 5 1 or greater slope, but less than 2 1 slope, shall be, at minimum, irrigated and landscaped with appropriate ground cover for erosion control Slope planting required by this section shall include a permanent irrigation system to be installed by the developer prior to occupancy /-/. / / / / / / -/-/- / / -/-/- -/-/- / / / / / / / / 3 F S l (05 Protect Na SUBTT14749 Completion Date F. G. 3 All private slopes in excess of 5 feet, but less than 8 feet in vertical height and of 2 1 or greater slope shall be landscaped and irrigated for erosion control and to soften then appearance as follows one 15-gallon or larger size tree per each 150 sq ft of slope area, 1-gallon or larger size shrub per each 100 sq ft of slope area, and appropriate ground cover In addition, slope banks in excess of 8 feet in vertical height and 2 1 or greater slope shall also include one 5-gallon or larger size tree per each 250 sq ft of slope area Trees and shrubs shall be planted in staggered clusters to soften and vary slope plane Slope planting required by this section shall include a permanent irrigation system to be installed by the developer prior to occupancy 4 For single-family residential development, all slope planting and irrigation shall be continuously maintained in a healthy and thriving condition by the developer until each individual unit is sold and occupied by the buyer Prior to releasing occupancy for those units, an inspection shall be conducted by the Planning Droision to determine that they are in satisfactory condition 5 Front yard and corner side yard landscaping and irrigation shall be required This regwrement shall be in addition to the required street trees and slope planting 6 The final design of the perimeter parkways, walls, landscaping, and sidewalks shall be included in the requred landscape plans and shall be subject to City Planner review and approval and coordinated for consistency with any parkway landscaping plan which may be regwred by the Engineering Division 7 Landscaping and irrigation systems required to be installed within the public right-of-way on the perimeter of this project area shall be continuously maintained by the developer 8 All walls shall be provided with decorative treatment If located in public maintenance areas, the design shall be coordinated with the Engineering Dmsion 9 Landscaping and irrigation shall be designed to conserve water through the prinaples of Xeriscape as defined in Chapter 19 16 of the Rancho Cucamonga Municipal Code Environmental 1 The developer shall provide each prospective buyer written notice of the Fourth Street Rock Crusher project in a standard format as determined by the City Planner, prior to accepting a cash deposit on any property 2 The developer shall provide each prospective buyer written notice of the City Adopted Special Studies Zone for the Red Hill Fault, in a standard format as determined by the City Planner, prior to accepting a cash deposit on any property 3 The developer shall provide each prospective buyer written notice of the 210 and I-15 Freeways in a standard format as determined by the City Planner, prior to accepting a cash deposit on any property 4 Mitigation measures are regwred for the project The applicant is responsible for the cost of implementing said measures, including monitoring and reporting Applicant shall be required to post cash, letter of credit, or other forms of guarantee acceptable to the Ctty Planner in the amount of $1,00000 prior to the issuance of building permits, guaranteeing satisfactory performance and completion of all mitigation measures These funds maybe used by the City to retain consultants and/or pay for City staff time to monitor and report on the mitigation measures Failure to complete all actions required by the approved environmental documents shall be considered grounds for forfeit Other Agencies The applicant shall contact the U S Postal Service to determine the appropriate type and location of mailboxes Multi-family residential developments shall provide a solid overhead structure for mailboxes with adequate lighting The final location of the mailboxes and the design of the overhead structure shall be subject to City Planner review and approval prior to the issuance of budding permits _/_/~ -~-~- _/_J- _/~- -~-~. _/~. _/_/~ / / / / / / _~_/~ rJ ~ ~ t!~ Prgect No SUB7T74749 Comoletion Date i APPLICANT SHALL CONTACT THE BUILDING AND SAFETY DIVISION, (909) 477-2710, FOR COMPLIANCE WITH THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS: NOTE ANY REVISIONS MAY VOID THESE REQUIREMENTS AND NECESSITATE ADDITIONAL REVIEW(S) General Requirements H. Submit true complete sets of plans including the following a Site/Plot Plan, b Foundation Plan, c Floor Plan, d Ceiling and Roof Framing Plan, J. e Electrical Plans (2 sets, detached) including the size of the main switch, number and size of service entrance conductors, panel schedules, and single line diagrams, f Plumbing and Sewer Plans, including isometrics, underground diagrams, water and waste diagram, sewer or septic system location, fixture units, gas piping, and heating and air conditioning, and g Planning Division Protect Number (i e , SUBTT #, SUBTPM#, DRC #) clearly identified on the outside of all plans 2 Submit two sets of structural calculations, energy conservation calculations, and a soils report Architect's/Engineer's stamp and "wet" signature are required pnor to plan check submittal 3 Contractors must show proof of State and City licenses and W orkers' Compensation coverage to the City pnor to permit issuance 4 Separate permits are required for fencing and/or walls 5 Developers wishing to participate in the Community Energy Efficiency Program (CEEP) can contact the Building and Safety Division staff for information and submittal requirements Site Development 1 Plans shall be submitted for plan check and approved prior to construction All plans shall be marked with the protect file number (i e , SUBTT16324) The applicant shall comply with the latest adopted California Codes, and all other applicable codes, ordinances, and regulations in effect at the time of permit application Contact the Building and Safety Dvision for availability of the Code Adoption Ordrnance and applicable handouts 2 Prior to issuance of building permits for a new residential protect or mator addition, the applicant shall pay development fees at the established rate Such fees may include, but are not limited to City Beautification Fee, Park Fee, Drainage Fee, Transportation Development Fee, Permit and Plan Check Fees, Construction and Demolition Diversion Program deposit and fees and School Fees Applicant shall provide a copy of the school fees receipt to the Bwlding and Safety Division prior to permit issuance 3 Street addresses shall be provided by the Building and Safety Offiaal after tracUparcel map recordation and prior to issuance of building permits 4 Construction activity shall not occur between the hours of 8 00 p m and 6 30 a m Monday through Saturday, with no construction on Sunday or holidays New Structures Roofing material shall be installed per the manufacturer's "high wind" instructions / / / / / / / / / / ~_/- / / / / / / / / 5 ~ ~ ~ lip Protect N o SUBTTt4749 Comole6on Date 2 Roofing materials shall be Class "A " -/-/~ K. Grading 1 Grading of the sublect property shall be in accordance with California Building Code, City Grading _/-/_ Standards, and accepted grading practices The final grading plan shall be in substantial conformance with the approved grading plan 2 A sobs report shall be prepared by a qualified engineer licensed by the State of California to -/-/_ perform such work 3 A geological report shall be prepared by a qualified engineer or geologist and submitted at the -/-/._ time of application for grading plan check 4 The final grading, appropriate certifications and compaction reports shall be completed, -/_/- submitted, and approved by the Building and Safety Official prior to the issuance of bwlding permits 5 As a custom-lot subdivision, the following requirements shall be met -/-1- a Surety shall be posted and an agreement executed guaranteeing completion of all on-site -/-/_ drainage facilities necessary for dewatering all parcels to the satisfaction of the Bwlding and Safety Official prior to final map approval and prior to the issuance of grading permits b Appropriate easements for safe disposal of drainage water that are conducted onto or over ~~- adlacent parcels, are to be delineated and recorded to the satisfaction of the Bwlding and Safety Official prior to the issuance of grading and bulding permits c On-site drainage improvements, necessary for dewatering and protecting the subdivided -/-/~ properties, are to be installed prior to issuance of bulding permits for construction upon any parcel that may be sublect to drainage flows entering, leaving, or within a parcel relative to which a building permit is requested d Final grading plans for each parcel are to be submitted to the Building and Safety Division _/-/- for approval prior to the issuance of grading and building permits (this may be on an incremental or composite basis) e All slope banks in excess of 5 feet in vertical height shall be seeded with native grasses or -/-/- planted with ground cover for erosion control upon completion of grading or some other alternative method of erosion control shall be completed to the satisfaction of the Building and Satety Official In addition, a permanent irrigation system shall be provided This requirement does not release the appltcant/developer from compliance with the slope planting requirements of Section 17 08 040 of the Development Code 6 A separate grading plan check submittal is requued for all new construction protects and for ~~- existing buildings where improvements being proposed will generate 50 cubic yards or more of combined cut and fill The grading plan shall be prepared, stamped, and signed by a California registered Ciwl Engineer APPLICANT SHALL CONTACT THE ENGINEERING DIVISION, (909) 477-2740, FOR COMPLIANCE WITH THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS: L. Dedication and Vehicular Access 1 Rights-of-way and easements shall be dedicated to the City for all interior public streets, ent h _/_/ m community trails, public paseos, public landscape areas, street trees, traffic signal encroac ~ and maintenance, and public drainage facilities as shown on the plans and/or tentative map Private easements for non-public facilities (cross-lot drainage, local feeder trails, etc) shall be reserved as shown on the plans and/or tentative map ~ ~ ~~~ 6 Protect No SUBTT74749 Comoletion Date M. Dedication shall be made of the following rights-of-way on the perimeter streets (measured from street centerline) 44 feet total feet on Etiwanda Avenue 33 feet total feet on East Avenue 33 feet total feet on Lower Crest 3 An irrevocable offer of dedication for roadway purposes shall be made for the private streets 4 Corner property line cutoffs shall be dedicated per City Standards 5 All existing easements lying within future rights-of-way shall bequit-claimed or delineated on the final map 6 Easements for public sidewalks and/or street trees placed outside the public right-of-way shall be dedicated to the City 7 The developer shall make a good faith effort to acquire the required off-site property interests necessary to construct the required public improvements, and if he/she should fail to do so, the developer shall, at least 120 days prior to submittal of the final map for approval, enter into an agreement to complete the improvements pursuant to Government Code Sections 66462 and 66462 5 at such time as the City decides to acquire the property interests required for the improvements Such agreement shall provide for payment bythe developer of all costs incurred bythe City if the City decides to acquire the off-site property interests required in connection with the subdivision Security for a portion of these costs shall be in the form of a cash deposit in the amount given in an appraisal report obtained by the City, at developer's cost The appraiser shall have been approved by the City prior to commencement of the appraisal This condition applies in particular, but not limited to East Avenue and Etiwanda Avenue across SCE / / -/-/- -/-/- -/-/- -/-/- -/-/- -/-/- Street Improvements All public improvements (interior streets, drainage facilities, community trails, paseos, landscaped areas, etc) shown on the plans and/or tentative map shall be constructed to City Standards Interior street improvements shall include, but are not limited to, curb and gutter, AC pavement, drive approaches, sidewalks, streetlights, and street trees Pursuant to City Council Resolution No 88-557, no person shall make connections from a source of energy, fuel or power to any building service equipment which is regulated by technical codes and for which a permit is required unless, in addition to any and all other codes, regulations and ordinances, all improvements required by these conditions of development approval have been completed and accepted by the City Council, except that in developments containing more than one building or unit, the development may have energy connections made to a percentage of those buildings, or units proportionate to the completion of improvements as required by conditions of approval of development In no case shall more than 95 percent of the buildings or units be connected to energy prior to completion and acceptance of all improvements required by these conditions of approval of development A minimum of 26-foot wide pavement, within a 40-foot wide dedicated right-of-way shall be constructed for all half-section streets Construct the following perimeter street improvements including, but not limited to Street Name Curb & Gutter AC Pvmt Side- walk Drive Appr Street Lights Street Trees Comm Trail Median Island Bike Trail Other Etiwanda Avenue X X X X X X X East Avenue X X X X X X Lower Crest X X X X X -/-/- J-/- -/-/- -/-/- -/-/- -/-/- ,FS~~~ Protect No SU6T714749 Completion Date Improvement Plans and Construction a Street improvement plans, including street trees, street lights, and intersection safety lights _/_/_ on future signal poles, and traffic signal plans shall be prepared by a registered Croil Engineer and shall be submitted to and approved by the City Engineer Security shall be posted and an agreement executed to the satisfaction of the Ctty Engineer and the City Attorney guaranteeing completion of the public and/or private street improvements, poor to final map approval or the issuance of building permits, whichever occurs first b Prior to any work being performed in public right-oi-way, fees shall be paid and a _/_/_ construction permit shall be obtained from the City Engineer's Office in addition to any other permits requred c Pavement striping, marking, traffic signing, street name signing, traffic signal conduit, and _/~_ interconnect conduit shall be installed to the satisfaction of the City Engineer d Signal condwt with pull boxes shall be installed with any new construction or reconstruction _/~_ protect along major or secondary streets and at intersections for future traffic signals and interconnect wrong Pull boxes shall be placed on both sides of the street at 3 feet outside of BCR, ECR, or any other locations approved by the Ctty Engineer Notes 1) Pull boxes shall be No 6 at intersections and No 5 along streets, a maximum of 200 feet apart, unless otherwise specified by the City Engineer 2) Conduit shall be 3-inch galvanized steel with pull rope or as specified e Handicapped access ramps shall be installed on all corners of intersections per City _/~ Standards or as directed by the Cary Engineer ~ f Existing City roads requiring construction shall remain open to traffic at all times with _/_/_ adequate detours during construction Street or lane closure permits are required A cash deposit shall be provided to cover the cost of grading and paving, which shall be refunded upon completion of the construction to the satisfaction of the Cary Engineer g Concentrated drainage flows shall not cross sidewalks Under sidewalk drains shall be _/~_ installed to City Standards, except for single family residential lots h Street names shall be approved by the City Planner prior to submittal for first plan check _/~_ Provide a minimum of 3-inch condwt for future fiber optic use on all streets with connection _/_/_ through the parkway to each lot or parcel (fiber-to-the curb, FTTC) The size, placement, and location of the condwt shall be shown on the Street Improvement Plans and subfect to City Engineer review and approval prior to issuance of bwlding permits or final map approval, whichever comes first Street improvement plans per City Standards for all private streets shall be provided for review ~_/_ and approval by the City Engineer Prior to any work being performed on the prroate streets, fees shall be paid and construction permits shall be obtained from the City Engineer's Office in addition to any other permits required Street trees, a minimum of 15-gallon size or larger, shall be installed per City Standards in _/_/_ accordance with the City's street tree program 8 ~~ ~ ~ l U Protect No SUBTT74749 ComoleUOn Date 9 Install street trees per City street tree design guidelines and standards as follows The completed legend (box below) and construction notes shall appear on the title page of the street improvement plans Street improvement plans shall include a line item within the construction legend stating "Street trees shall be installed per the notes and legend on Sheet 1 (typically sheet 1) " Where public landscape plans are required, tree installation in those areas shall be per the public landscape improvement plans The City Engineer reserves the right to adtust tree species based upon field conditions and other variables For additional information, contact the Protect Engineer Street Name Botanical Name Common Name Min Grow Space Spacing Size aty East Avenue Within the ENSP Cercis occidentalls Western Redbud 3 ft 20 ft o c 15-gal N/o W ilson Avenue Pinus canariensis Canary Island Pine 8 ft 25 ft o c 15-gal Fill- In Etiwanda Avenue Within the ENSP Cercis occidentalls Western Redbud 3 ft 20 ft o c 15-gal N/o Wilson Avenue Pinus canariensis Canary Island Pine B ft 25 ft o c 15-gal N. O. Construction Notes for Street Trees 1) All street trees are to be planted in accordance with City standard plans 2) Prior to the commencement of any planting, an agronomic soils report shall be furnished to the City inspector Any unusual toxicities or nutrient deficiencies may require backfill soil amendments, as determined by the City inspector 3) All street trees are subtect to inspection and acceptance by the Engineering Division 4) Street trees are to be planted per public improvement plans only 10 Intersection line of sight designs shall be reviewed by the City Engineer for conformance with adopted policy On collector or larger streets, lines of sight shall be plotted for all protecT intersections, including driveways Local residential street intersections and commercial or industrial driveways may have lines of sight plotted as required Public Maintenance Areas 1 A separate set of landscape and irrigation plans per Engineering Public Works Standards shall be submitted to the City Engineer for review and approval prior to final map approval or issuance of building permits, whichever occurs first The following landscaped parkways, medians, paseos, easements, trails or other areas shall be annexed into the Landscape Maintenance District Etiwanda Avenue East Avenue and the south side of Lower Crest Collector 2 Public landscape areas are required to incorporate substantial areas (40%) of mortared cobble or other acceptable non-irrigated surfaces 3 A signed consent and waiver form to loin and/or form the appropriate Landscape and Lighting Districts shall be filed with the City Engineer prior to final map approval or issuance of building permits whichever occurs first Formation costs shall be borne by the developer 4 All regwred public landscaping and irrigation systems shall be continuously maintained by the developer until accepted by the City 5 Parkway landscaping on the Beautification Master Plan EI Drainage and Flood Control street(s) shall conform to the results of the It shall be the developer's responsibility to have the current FIRM Zone'D' designation removed from the protect area The developer shall provide drainage and/or flood protection facilities sufficient to obtain an unshaded "X" designation The developer's engineer shall prepare all necessary reports, plans, and hydrologic/hydraulic calculations A Conditional Letter of Map / / / / -/-/- / / / / / / / / -/-/ g e'_J ~'LI Protect No SUBTT14749 Comolehon Date Revision (CLOMR) shall be obtained from FEMA prior to final map approval or issuance of building permits, whichever occurs first A Letter of Map Revision (LOMB) shall be issued by FEMA prior to occupancy or improvement acceptance, whichever occurs first 2 A final drainage study shall be submitted to and approved by the City Engineer prior to final map approval or the issuance of bulding permits, whichever occurs first All drainage facilities shall be installed as required by the City Engineer 3 Adequate provisions shall be made for acceptance and disposal of surtace drainage entering the property from adtacent areas 4 A permit from the San Bernardino County Flood Control District is requued for work within its right-of-way P. Utilities Provide separate utility services to each parcel including sanitary sewerage system, water, gas, electric power, telephone, and cable TV (all underground) in accordance with the Utility Standards Easements shall be provided as requred The developer shall be responsible for the relocation of existing utilities as necessary Water and sewer plans shall be designed and constructed to meet the requrements of the Cucamonga County W ater District (CCW D), Rancho Cucamonga Fire Protection District, and the Environmental Health Department of the County of San Bernardino A letter of compliance from the CCW D is regwred prior to final map approval or issuance of permits, whichever occurs first Such letter must have been issued bythe water district within 90 days prior to final map approval in the case of subdivision or prior to the tssuance of permits in the case of all other residential protects Approvals have not been secured from all utilities and other interested agencies involved Approval of the final parcel map will be subtect to any requirements that may be received from them Q. General Requirements and Approvals 1 Etiwanda/San Sevaine Area Regional Mainline, Secondary Regional, and Master Plan Drainage Fees shall be paid prior to final map approval or prior to building permit issuance if no map is involved 2 Permits shall be obtained from the following agencies for work within their right of-way SCE and San Bernardino County Flood Control Distract 3 A signed consent and waiver form to loin and/or form the Law Enforcement Community Facilities District shall be filed with the City Engineer prior to final map approval or the issuance of bulding permits, whichever occurs first Formation costs shall be borne by the Developer 4 Anon-refundable deposit shall be paid to the City, covering the estimated operating costs for all new streetlights for the first six months of operation, prior to final map approval or prtorto bulding permit issuance if no map is involved 5 Prior to finalization of any development phase, sufficient improvement plans shall be completed beyond the phase boundaries to assure secondary access and drainage protection to the satisfaction of the City Engineer Phase boundaries shall correspond to lot lines shown on the approved tentative map ~-~. -~-~- ~_~- -~-~- -/~_ _/_/- -/-~ -~-~- -~-~- ~-~- -/~_ -/_/ F s Ana ,o Protect No SUBTT14749 Comoletion Date 6 Prior to the issuance of building permits, a Diversion Deposd and related administrative fees shall • be paid for the Construction and Demolition Diversion Program The deposit is fully refundable tf at least 50% of all wastes generated during construction and demolition are diverted from landf111s, and appropriate documentation is provided to the City Form CD-1 shall be submitted to the Engineering Division when the first building permit application is submitted to Building and Safety Form CD-2 shall be submitted to the Engineering Division within 60 days following the completion of the construction and/or demolition protect APPLICANT SHALL CONTACT THE FIRE SAFETY DIVISION, FIRE PROTECTION PLANNING SERVICES AT, (909) 477-2770, FOR COMPLIANCE WITH THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS: SEE ATTACHED • • _~-~- ~~i~3 FIRE PROTECTION DISTRICT FIRE SAFETY DIVISION STANDARD CONDITIONS FD PLAN REVIEW#: FD-03-0905 PROJECT #: PROJECT NAME: DATE: PLAN TYPE: APPLICANT NAME: OCCUPANCY CLASS• FLOOR AREA (S): TYPE CONSTRUCTION FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM REQUIRED: LOCATION: SUBTT14749, DRC2003-00410 Tract 14749 May 12 2003 None North end of Etiwanda Ave FD REVIEW BY: Tlm Feferan Flre Inspector PLANNER: Debra Meier w ~,oa„~ ~•, a,~. ,~ ,.. e,~,.,e,~~.,,.-,~,.-,,, ~,~,..,~,,,,v,,...,,.,>,~,.u..,,.~y,..,..,,.w,~,.F....F.,,kr~,.w,.~..,,,..o,.~ ,.,.- , ALL OF THE FOLLOWING STANDARD CONDITIONS APPLY TO YOUR PROJECT. APPLICANT SHALL CONTACT THE FIRE SAFETY DNISION, (909) 477-2770, TO VERIFY COMPLIANCE WITH THE FOLLOWING RANCHO CUCAMONGA FIRE DISTRICT- STANDARD CONDITIONS & REQUIREMENTS - General, Procedural, Technical, or Operational Information that shall be Included, Corrected, or Completed as noted below. The following is applicable to the above project. FSC-1 General Requirements for Public and Private Water Supply 1 General Gwdance for Fire Hydrants• The following provides general gwdance for the spacing and location of fire hydrants Remember these are the maximum permitted distances between fire hydrants a For single-family residential protects in the designated Hazardous Fire Area the maximum distance between fire hydrants is 400-feet No portion of the exterior wall facing the addressed street shall be more than 200•feet from an approved fire hydrant For cul-de-sacs the distance shall not exceed 150 ft b Fue hydrants are to be located 1 At the entrance(s) to a protect from the existing public roadways This includes subdivisions and industrial parks 2 At intersections 3 On the right side of the street, whenever practical and possible 4 As required by the Fire Safety Division to meet operational needs ~-s r~~ Unknown • • • 5 The location of fue hydrants is based upon the operational needs of the Fire District to control a fire 6 Fire hydrants shall be located a minimum of forty (40) feet from any building Contact the Fire Safe Division 909 477-2770 2 Minimum Fire Flow: The required fire flow for this protect is 1750 gallons per minute at a minimum residual pressure of 20 pounds per square inch This requirement is made in accordance with Fire Code Appendix III-A, as amended Please see "Water Availabilit>r' attachment for required verification of fire flow availability for the proposed protect Contact the Fire Safety Division (909) 477-2770 3 Hazardous Fire Area• The requred minimum fire flow for structures located in the designated hazardous fire area shall be not less than 1750 gpm at 20 p s i residual For structures in excess of 3600 square feet use Table A-III-A-1 This flow may be reduced when the structure is protected by an approved automatic fire sprinkler system Contact the Fire Saiery Division (909) 477-2770 4 Single-family Residential Plans: For single-family residential and accessory structures show all fire hydrants located within 600-feet of the proposed protect site FSC-4 Fire Distract Site Access- Technical Comments 1 Access Roadways Defined. Fire District access roadways include public roads, streets, and highways, as well as private roads, streets, drive aisles and designated fue lanes 2 Location of Access: All portions of the structure or facility or any portion of the exterior wall of the first story shall be located within 150-feet of Fire District vehicle access, measured by an unobstructed approved route around the exterior of the building Landscaped areas, unpaved changes in elevation, gates, and fences are an obstruction 3 Private Roadways and Fue Lanes• The minimum specifications for private fire district access roadways are a The minimum unobstructed width is 26-feet b The inside turn radds shall be 20-feet c The outside tum radius shall be not less than 50-feet d The minimum radius for cul-de-sacs is 45-feet e The minimum vertical clearance is 14 feet, 6 inches f At any private entry median, the minimum width of traffic lanes shall be 20-feet g The angle of departure and approach shall not exceed 9 degrees or 20 percent h The maximum grade of the driving surface shall not exceed 12% i Support a minimum load of 70,000 pounds gross vehicle weight (GVW) 4 Restricted Residential Access Gated or access for all residential development shall comply with the following a All automatic gates shall be provided with a Fire District approved, compatible traffic pre-emption device Approved devices are available from Opticom (3M), Fire Strobe 2000 (Access Products Inc ), and Tomar Electronics Devices shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions and specifications b A Knox Rapid Entry System Key Box is required to be installed adtacent to each gate in a Fire District approved location The box shall be mounted where it is clearly visible and access is unobstructed c Vehicle access gates shall be provided with an approved Fire District Knox Key Switch F-s i ~ s d The key switch shall be located immediately adjacent to the Knox Box for use in the event that the traffic pre-emption device fads to operate e The gate shall remain m the open position for not less than 20-minutes and shall automatically reset Contact Buildin and Safet /Fire Construction Services 909 477-2713 for ins ection 5 Vegetation• Trees and shrubs planted in any median shall be kept trimmed to a minimum of 14-feet, 6-inches from the ground up, so as not to impede fire vehicles Contact the Fire Safety Division (909) 477-2770 FSC-5 Hazardous Fire Area 1 Designated Hazardous Fire Area: This project is located within the "State Responsibtlity Ares' (SRA), the "Very High Fne Hazard Seventy Zone" (VHFHSZ), City of Rancho Cucamonga "Htllside Distract;' or within the area identified on the Rancho Cucamonga General Plan, Exhibit V-7 as High Probabddy-High Consequence for Fire Rrsk These locations have been determined to be within the "Hazardous Fire Area" as defined by the Fire District This determination is based on maps produced by the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection and the City of Rancho Cucamonga Contact the Fire Safety Division (909) 477-2770 2 Hazardous Fire Area Development: Hazardous Fire Area Development: Place a note on the plans statin -Pnor to the issuance of a building permit, the applicant shall meet all requrements for development and construction within the designated "Hazardous Fire Area " The minimum standard adopted by the Fire District and the Crty of Rancho Cucamonga is contained in the County Fre Satety Overlay District Standards This standard includes provisions for the following a Class A roof assemblies, b Fuel modification/hazard reduction plans, c Approved Fire Distract access roadways, d One-hour fire-resistive construction with protected openings may be required, e Fue sprinkler system may be requred, f The regwred fire flow of minimum duration shall be provided from an on-site water supply g Visit www co san Bernardino ca us/landuseservices/DevCode/805-Overlav%20Districts odf, for an Adobe copy The regulations are contained in Chapter 2- Hazard Protection, Article 2- Fire Safety (FR) Overlay Distract Contact the Fire Safe Division 909 477-2770 3 Construction Standards• Summary of construction requirements for the Hazardous Fire Area a The roof shall be aClass A fre-resistive assembly approved by Building and Safety Fre- retardant Class A wood shakes and shingles shall have completed a 10-year "natural" weathering test Class A roof assemblies shall be installed in accordance with their listing and manufacturer's instructions b The space between rafts at exterior walls shall be solidly filled with tight-fitting wood blocks at one and one-half (1-1/2) inches thick May be "boxed " c The exposed surface of exterior wall must be listed as one-hour fire-resistive construction d All exterior doors must be solid core or wood portions shall be solid core wood e All windows, sliding glass doors or glass insets in does shall be constructed of approved dual- pane glass f Cantilevered or standard type desks shall be constructed of 1) A minimum of at least one and one-half (1-1/2) inch wood deck, and/or 2) Protected on the underside by materials approved for one (one) hour fire-resistive construction, and/or 3) Be of non-combustible materials, as defined in the Building Code F~~ ~r~~J i g Patio covers attached or within 10-feet of a residential structure shall be constructed of materials not less than one-half (1/2) inch Plastic, bamboo, straw, fiberglass, orwood-lattice less than one-half (1/2) inch are not permitted h All regwred fences adtacent to fuel modification areas or wildland areas as conditions of approval for a protect shall be of non-combustible materials as defined in the Building Code Any fence within 10-feet of the fuel modification area or wildland area shall be non-combustible Beyond 10 feet the may be constructed of any approved material All other fences, including those on the interior of the protect are not subtect to this requirement i Visit www co san-Bernardino ca us/landuseservices/DevCode/805-Overlay%20Districts odf, for an Adobe copy The regulations are contained in Chapter 2- Hazard Protection, Article 2- Fire Safety (FR) Overlay Distract Review the County Fire Safety Overlay Distract standard for complete regwrements Contact the Fire Safety Division (909) 477-2770 4 Perimeter Roadway Required: A roadway shall be provided along the protect penmeter exposed to a fire hazard or fuel modified area The roadway is to allow fire district vehicle access Such roadway shall be a minimum twenty (20) feet in width, with a grade not to exceed fourteen percent (14%), and capable of supporting fire fighting vehicles Contact the Fire Safety Division at (909) 477-2770, Extension 3009, for specfic regwrements Correct North Access road to reflect minimum of 20 feet. 5 Power-operated Equipment Use m a Hazardous Fire Area: Submit a "Fire Prevention and Control Plan" to the Rancho Cucamonga Fire Protection District, Fue Safety Division for review and approval The plan shall include tob location, specific fire tools to be maintained on-site, person(s) responsible for supervising the protect (on-site), method of reporting a fire (cell phone, etc ), City or County Permit Number, contractors license number, address, telephone number, etc Fire Distract Approval Required for Equipment Use. No power-operated equipment, including mobile, stationary, or portable, shall be used without Fire Safety Division written approval 6 Combustible Vegetation• During the declared 'Mire season" or at any other time when ground litter and vegetation will sustain combustion permitting the spread of fire, contact the Fue Protection District dunng normal business hours to determine if "special fire protection measures" are regwred to operate power equipment Call (909) 477-2770, Monday through Thursday, between 7 00 AM and 5 00 PM The purpose of the call is to determine if extreme fire weather conditions are present or expected to occur 7 Special Fve Protection Required: "Special fire protection measures" include, but are not limited to, a A stand-by water tender with operating pump, tested and maintained fire hose and nozzles b Pre-wetting of the site to avoid the production of sparks, i e ,contact between blades or tracks and rocks, etc c The Fire District requires the contractor to maintain a firewatch for a minimum of one-hour following cessation of operations each day d For welding, cutting or grinding clear away all flammable material from the area around such operation for a minimum distance of 10-feet A "hot-work" permit will be required e Maintain one serviceable round point shovel with an overall length of not less than forty-six (46) inches and one five (5) gallon backpack water pump-type fire extinguisher fully egwpped and ready for use at the immediate area during the operation Contact the Fire Safet Division 909 477-2770 FSC-6 Fuel Modification/Hazard Reduction Plan (Required Notes for All Maps and Plans) 1 Hazardous Fve Area: This protect is located in the "Hazardous Fire Area" based on proximity to or exposure urban-wildland interface Mitigation measures are required The building(s) shall be constructed in accordance with the standards contained in the San Bernardino County Fire Safety Overlay District- Area FR-1 or Area FR-2 ~~~ ~~~ Reqwred Landscaping Plans: Landscaping plans shall be submitted to the Fire Safety Division for review of proposed vegetation All groundcover, shrubs, plants, and trees are required to be fue-resistive in accordance with three (3) published references Refer to the following web site http //www ucfpl ucop edu/I- Zone/XIV/veaetati htm for additional information The plant palette shall include the common name for all vegetation The landscaping plan shall identify all native species proposed for retention Preliminary Fuel Modification Plan. Prior to the issuance of a preliminary grading the applicant shall obtain the Fire District approval of a preliminary fuel modification/hazard reduction plan and program The plan(s) shall be prepared by an indiwdual or firm qualified and experienced in wildfire hazard mitigation planning a Show all property lines, contour lines, locations of proposed bwldings or structures, b Show the 30-foot minimum defensible space for slopes less than 15% and 100-feet for slope 15% or more (Zone 1-Setback Zone) around the perimeter of each building or structure c Show each fuel modification zone (setback, irrigated, thinning, and intertace thinning) d Show existing vegetation impacted by the required fuel modification and, if available, proposed vegetation to be planted in the fuel modification area The preliminary plans should be sensitive to rare, threatened, or endangered species and the applicant must be prepared to address their disposition in the final plans e Include photographs of the area that show the type of vegetation currently existing, include height and density, and relationship to grade f Describe the fuel modification methods to be used for vegetation removal, if appropriate, i e , mechanical or manual g Describe on the plan what exists up to not less than 600-feet beyond the site or development property line in all directions, i e ,built-up area, natural vegetation, roads, parks, green space, etc State on the plan who will have ultimate responsibility for maintenance of fuel modification zones 4 Frnal Fuel Modrfication Plan: Prior to the issuance of any building permit, the applicant shall obtain Fire District approval of a final fuel modification hazard reduction plan and program The plan shall indicate the proposed means of achieving an acceptable level of risk to the structures by vegetation a Show each fuel modification zone (setback, irrigated, thinning, and interface thinning) Indicate locations of permanent zone identification markers b Include irrigation plans and specifications c Attach a landscape plan The landscape plan must identify the location and type of supplemental plantings The plans and specifications shall include both the common and botanical names of new and existing plants within the fuel modification area Clearly indicate on the plans the disposition of impacted existing vegetation d The landscape plan shall include any special or specific maintenance intended for the site such as pruning, "lambing" up, mowing, etc e Describe the fuel modification methods to be used for vegetation removal, if appropriate, i e , mechanical or manual t Describe on the plan what exists up to not less than 600-feet beyond the site or development property line in all directions, i e , bwit-up area, natural vegetation, roads, parks, green space, etc g State on the plan who will ultimate responsibility for maintenance of fuel modification zones h Include on the title sheet any tract/profect conditions of approval, CC&R's, and/or deed restrictions related to the site or final fuel modification area Include a copy of the approved preliminary fuel modification plans with this submittal F s l ~l g- u i Provide an appropriate recorded document filed with the County Recorder showing continued maintenance responsibility in the event of property transfer, change in membership of directors, change in CC&R's t Maintenance responsibility requirements and appropriate recorded document tiled with the County Recorder 5 Initial Inspection Prior to the issuance of a building permit, the developer shall have completed, in cooperation with the Fire District, that portion of the approved fuel modification hazard reduction plan determined to be necessary by the Fire District, before the introduction of any combustible materials into the protect area Approval is subtect to final on-site inspection , 6 Final Inspection and Documentation• Prior to the issuance of any Certificate of Occupancy, the remainder of the fuel modification hazard reduction plan shall be installed The Fire Distnct shall inspect and approve the completed fuel modfication areas Further, the installed fuel modification plant pallet shall be established to a degree meeting the approval of the Fire District The CC&R's shall contain provisions for maintaining the fuel modification zones, including the removal of all dead and dying vegetation subtect to (annual) triennial inspections 7 Phased or Temporary Plans: Phased protects or temporary fuel modfication plans must meet the requirements for permanent plans and be approved by the Fire District 8 Single-family In-fill Protects For asingle-family dwelling protect located in the Hazardous Fire Area, a simplrfied landscaping/fuel modification plan may be acceptable The plan shall detail the defensible space Provide a minimum thirty (30) foot space for slopes less than 15% and a minimum one hundred (100) feet space for slopes of 15% or more Show proposed and/or existing vegetation Refer to the following web site for further information- http //www ucfpl ucop edu/I-Zone/XIV/vegetate htm The Fire District can provide a single page sheet of standardized notes for inclusion on the construction plans Call (909) 477-2770 to obtain a copy, and to determine if your protect is eligible FSC-12 Plan Submittal Required Notice Requred plans shall be submitted and approved prior to construction in accordance with 2000/2001 Bwlding, Fire, Mechanical, and Plumbing Codes, 1999 Electrical Code, Health and Safety Code, Public Resources Code, and RCFPD Ordinances FD15 and FD39, Gwdelines and Standards NOTE In addition to the fees due at this time please note that separate plan check fees for tenant improvements, fire protection systems and/or any consultant reviews will be assessed at time of submittal of plans PRIOR TO ISSUANCE OF BUILDING PERMITS- Complete the following: 1 Public Fire Hydrants: Prior to issuance of any building permit, the applicant shall submit a plan showing the locations of all new public fire hydrants for the review and approval by the Fire District and the Water District On the plan show all existing fire hydrants within a 600-foot radius of the protect Contact the Fire Safety Division (909) 477-2770 2 Public Installation: All required public fire hydrants shall be installed, flushed, and operable prior to delivering any combustible building materials on-site (i a ,lumber, roofing materials, etc) Water District personnel shall inspect the installation and witness hydrant flushing The builder/developer shall submit a copy of the Water District inspection report to the Fire Safety Division Contact Water District to schedule testing 3 Hazardous Fire Area Construction The bwlding or protect is located within the designated Hazardous Fire Area All bwldings and structures shall be constructed in accordance with the provisions of County Fire Safety Review Area (One or Two) [FR-1/FR-2] standards In the Hazardous Fire Area the applicant shall provide a modified one-hour fire-resistive wall for the following exterior wall(s) based on exposure to unmodified native vegetation or potential exposure to embers or debris from awind-driven fire a North Side- b South Side- ~-~ i ~1 q c East Side- d West Side- No vent openings are permitted on or in bwlding components or surfaces that are parallel to any wall required to be constructed of modified one-hour fire-resistive construction Contact the Fire Safet Division 909 477-2770 4 Hazardous Fue Area Development• Hazardous Fue Area Development Place a note on the plans statin -Prior to the issuance of a building permit, the applicant shall meet all requirements for development and construction within the designated "Hazardous Fire Area " The minimum standard adopted by the Fire District and the City of Rancho Cucamonga is contained in the County Fire Safety Overlay District Standards This standard includes provisions for the following a Class A roof assemblies, b Fuel modification/hazard reduction plans, c Approved Fire District access roadways, d One-hour fire-resistive construction for exterior walls may be required, e The regwred fire flow of minimum duration shall be provided from the public water system or an on-site water supply 5 Architectural Plans- Single-family Residential Hazardous Fire Area: Prior to the issuance of a bwlding permR the applicant shall submit architectural plans for the review and approval of the Fire Safety Division The Fire Safety Division review is intended to ensure that conditions established during the development review have been included in the design of the protect Contact the Fire Safety Division (909) 477-2770 6 Fuel Modification Plan- Initial Inspection. Prior to the issuance of a bwlding permit, the developer shall have completed, in cooperation with the Fire District, that portion of the approved fuel modfication/hazard reduction plan determined to be necessary by the Fire District before the introduction of any combustible materials into the protect area Approval is subtect to final on-site inspection Contact the Fire Safety Division (909) 477-2770 PRIOR TO OCCUPANCY OR FINAL INSPECTION- Complete the following: 1 Hydrant Markers• All fire hydrants shall have a blue reflective pavement marker indicating the fire hydrant location on the street or drweway in accordance with Rancho Cucamonga Fire Protection District and City of Rancho Cucamonga Engineering Standard Plan 134, "Installation of Reflective Hydrant Markers " On private property these markers are to be maintained in good condition by the property owner Contact Building and Safety/Fire Construction Services (909) 477-2713 2 Address Single-family: New single-family dwellings shall post the address wrth minimum 4-inch numbers on a contrasting background The numbers shall be internally or externally illuminated during periods of darkness The numbers shall be visible from the street When building setback from the public roadway exceeds 100 feet, additional 4-inch numbers shall be displayed at the property entry 3 Required Landscaping Plans Landscaping plans shall be submitted to the Fire Safety Division for review of proposed vegetation All groundcover, shrubs, plants, and trees are required to befire-resistive in accordance with at least three (3) published references Refer to the following web site for additional information- http //www ucfpl ucop edu/I-Zone/XIV/vegetate htm The plant palette shall include the common name for all vegetation The landscaping plan shall identify all native species proposed for retention Contact the Fire Safety Division (909) 477-2770 4 Fuel Modrfication Plan- Final Inspection and Documentation: Prior to the issuance of any Certificate of Occupancy, the remainder of the fuel modfication/hazard reduction plan shall be installed The Fue District shall inspect and approve the completed fuel modification areas Further, the installed fuel modification plant pallet shall be established to a degree meeting the approval of the Fue District The CC&R's shall contain provisions for maintaining the fuel modification zones, including the removal of all dead and dying vegetation subtect to (annual) triennial inspections Contact the Fue Safety Division (909)477-2770 F S 1 ~b C_~ Items or Issues Not Identified Elsewhere 1 Perimeter wall construction on the North, West, and East of the development shall be block construction unless mitigated through other means of fuel modification and management Fire Distract Forms and Letters Note If these conditions are part of the final Standard Conditions issued by the Planning Division referenced Fire Distract forms and letters are not included Contact the Fve Safety Division for copies of forms or letters The forms and letter are also found m previously issued Fire Distract comments. Fire District Review Letter (P&E)-Template SL 10/31/02 Revision (_ ~ I ~-l i RESOLUTION NO 04-80 A RESOLUTION OF THE PLANNING COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF RANCHO CUCAMONGA, CALIFORNIA, RECOMMENDING THAT THE CITY OF RANCHO CUCAMONGA ENTER INTO DEVELOPMENT AGREEMENT DRC2003-00411, ASSOCIATED WITH TENTATIVE TRACT MAP SUBTT14749, AS PROVIDED FOR IN SECTION 65864 OF THE CALIFORNIA GOVERNMENT CODE, AND MAKING FINDINGS IN SUPPORT THEREOF - APN 0225-083-05, O6, 07, 10, 22, 23, 25, and 26, and 0225-084-02 A Recitals 1 Traigh Pacific filed an application for Development Agreement DRC2003-00411, as descnbed in the title of this Resolution Hereinafter in this Resolution, the subtect Development Agreement is referred to as "the application " 2 On the 9th day of June 2004, the Planning Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga conducted a duly noticed public heanng on the application and concluded said heanng on that date The subtect property of the Development Agreement is legally descnbed herein 4 A true and correct copy of the proposed Development Agreement is attached as Exhibit "A" to this Resolution 5 By Resolution No 04-75, the Planning Commission has certified the Environmental Impact Report (EIR) prepared for the protect as being in compliance with the requirements of the Califomia Environmental Quality Act (Public Resources Code Section 21000 et seq) for purposes of taking action on the Tentative Tract Map and has recommended that the City Council certify the EIR for purposes of taking action on the related Development Agreement 6 All legal preregwsites prior to the adoption of this Resolution have occurred B Resolution NOW, THEREFORE, it is hereby found, determined, and resolved by the Planning Commission of the Gty of Rancho Cucamonga as follows 1 This Commission hereby specifically finds that all of the facts set forth in the Rectals, Part A, of this Resolution are true and correct 2 Based upon the facts and information contained in the record of this protect, the Plannng Commission makes the following findings and statements, and takes the following actions, pursuant to the California Environmental Quality Act ("CEQA") (Public Resources Code Section 21000 et seq ) a The Protect that has been evaluated under CEQA involves a senes of actions related to the annexation of land from unincorporated San Bernardino County into the Gty of Rancho Cucamonga, the approval of a General Plan Amendment, Etiwanda North SpeGfic Plan Amendment, Teontosed Tro ect iincludes 269 singe am ly4housing uhmts onoappeox~Dmately168 8 acres and ndudes P P P 1 a 3 1 acre neighborhood park, 2 7 acre equestnan park, 44 acre equestnan trail, and 61 5 acres of F~'S ~ gZ PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-80 DEVELOPMENT AGREEMENT DRC2003-00411 -TRACY DEVELOPMENT • June 9, 2004 Page 2 remainder lots for flood control purposes The gross density of the protect is approximately 1 59 dwelling units per acre, a net density of 2 5 units per acre, a minimum lot size of 8,400 square feet, and an average lot size of 11,600 square feet b The Gty of Rancho Cucamonga, acting as the lead agency, prepared the Draft Environmental Impact Report ("Draft EIR") for the Protect (State Cleannghouse No 2003081085) The Draft EIR was circulated fora 45-day public review and comment penod from December 5, 2003 through January 28, 2004 Comments were received dunng that penod and wntten responses were prepared and sent to ail commentors Those comments and the responses thereto have been included in the Final EIR, as have the appendices to the Draft EIR Those documents together compnse the Final EIR c The Planning Commission finds that the Final EIR was completed pursuant to the CEQA, and the State Gwdelmes for Implementation of CEQA, 14 California Code of Regulations, Section 15000, et seq ("the Guidelines") By Resolution No 04-75, the Planning Commission has certified the EIR as being in compliance wrath the regwrements of the CEQA d The Planning Commission finds that the Final EIR was presented to the Planning Commission and that the Planning Commission reviewed and considered the information in the Final EIR and has reached its own conclusions with respect to the Protect and as to whether and how to recommend approval of vanous components of the protect approvals before makings its recommendation in this Resolution e The Planning Commission finds that the Final EIR represents the independent tudgment of the Planning Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga and adequately addresses the impacts of the Protect and imposes appropnate mitigation measures for the Protect f The Planning Commission finds, based upon the Initial Study, the Final EIR, public comments, public agency comments, and the entire record before it, that the Protect may create significant impacts in the areas of Earth Resources, Water Resources, Transportation/Circulation, Arr Quality, Biological Resources, Hazards, Noise, Public Services, Utilities, Aesthetics, and Cultural Resources The proposed protect will also contnbute incrementally to cumulatively considerable impacts related to land use, flood control, water quality from urban runoff, loss of alluvial fan sage scrub, hazardous matenal dumping, congestion of evacuation routes, overcrowded schools, inadequate utilities, and loss of views With respect to the impacts to all of these resources and services, the EIR identifies mitigation measures for each of those impacts that well substantially lessen the impacts g Implementation of mitigation measures identified in the Final EIR will substantially mitigate many of the environmental impacts descnbed in paragraph f of this Section, to the extent feasible, as descnbed in Exhibit A of Resolution No 04-75, which is incorporated herein by reference The Final EIR also identifies significant adverse impacts that cannot be fully mitigated or avoided, including impacts from short-term impacts on air quality from construction-related emissions, tong-term impacts on air quality from protect emissions, and biological resources h The Final EIR descnbes a range of alternatives to the Protect that might fulfill basic obtectives of the Protect These altematrves include the regwred "No Protect-No Development" alternative, and the "No Protect -Open Space" alternative, the "Reduced Density" altematrve, the Modified Site Plan (clustered)" alternative, and the "Rural Density" Alternative As set forth in the Exhibit A of Resolution No 04-75, the alternatives identified in the EIR are not feasible because they ~ 5~~3 PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-80 DEVELOPMENT AGREEMENT DRC2003-00411 -TRACY DEVELOPMENT • June 9, 2004 Page 3 would not achieve the basic obtectives of the Protect or would do so only to a much smaller degree and, therefore, leave unaddressed the significant economic, infrastructure, and General Plan goals that the Protect is intended to accomplish, and are thus infeasible due to socal and economic considerations, and/or they are infeasible because they would not eliminate the adverse environmental impacts of the proposed Protect Accordingly, the Planning Commission recommends that the Cdy Council find each of the alternatives is infeasible i Mitigation measures descnbed in the Mitigation Monitonng Program well avoid or substantially lessen the potentially significant environmental effects of the Pro/ect Further, the environmental, physical, social, economic and other benefits of the Protect, as set forth in this Section and Resolution No 04-75, and speafically Exhibit A thereto, ,which is incorporated herein by this reference, outweigh any unavoidable, significant, adverse impacts that may occur as a resuH of the Protect, including short-term impacts on air quality from construction-related emissions, cumulative long-term impacts on air quality from protect emissions, and impacts to biological resources Therefore, due to ovemdmg benefits of the Protect and because the alternatives identified m the EIR are not feasible, as discussed m paragraph i above, the Planning Commission hereby recommends that the City Councl find that any unavoidable impacts of the Protect, including the mitigated but unavoidable impacts from short-term impacts on air quality from construction- related emissions, long-term impacts on air quality from protect emissions, and impacts to biological resources are acceptable based on the findings contained herein and m Resolution No 04-75 and the staff report, which are incorporated herein by this reference This determination shall constitute • the Planning Commission's recommendation to the City Council for a statement of ovemdmg considerations wrthm the meaning of CEQA and is based on any one of the following environmental and other benefits of the Protect identified m the Final EIR and the record of the Planning Commission's proceedings i Providing for the use of land consistent with the established policaes and goals of the Gty of Rancho Cucamonga General Plan, Etrvvanda North SpeGfic Plan, City Development Code, and all other City Development gwdelmes, Annexing the pro/ect site into the City of Rancho Cucamonga, ui Integrating the protect with the character of the surrounding neighborhoods and establish a development that results m logical, coordinated growth, iv Establishing apro/ect-wide circulation system that meets regional and local transportation needs and accommodates both vehicles and pedestnans, v Providing a system of publiGcommunity facilities, including trails, open space areas, and landscaping to support the residents of the pro/ect and surrounding area m an efficient and timely manner, vi Limiting Impacts to surrounding uses and residents, and to the community character, vu Providing backbone public infrastructure (i a roads, utilities) to serve protect residents and the surrounding community, • viu Minimizing impacts to, and generate revenues in excess of costs for, venous public service agenaes, and F-~ I ~~ PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-80 DEVELOPMENT AGREEMENT DRC2003-00411 -TRACY DEVELOPMENT June 9, 2004 • Page 4 ix Providing quality housing opportunities compatible with existing and planned development that responds to market demands ~ The Planning Commission recommends that the Mitigation Measures in the FINAL EIR that correspond to the envvonmental impacts which may result from the Protect be adopted and made a condition of approval of, or incorporated into, the Protect The Planning Commission also recommends that the City Counal adopt the "Mitigation Monitonng Plan" attached hereto as Exhibit B The Mitigation Morntonng Plan will be used to monitor compliance with the mitigation measures and conditions that have been adopted or made a condition of Protect approval as set forth in this Section of this Resolution and Exhibit B of this Resolution 3 This Commission hereby speafically finds that the Development Agreement and each and every term and provision contained therein conforms to the General Plan of the City of Rancho Cucamonga Speafically, the project that will be approved as part of this protect provides a logical transition of land uses in this area, based upon surrounding existing and approved land uses This project is within an equestnan overlay zone and provides amenities consistent with that overlayzone The protect is consistent wrath the General Plan guidelines and will be consistent with the net density regwrements based on the concurrent amendment to the General Plan 4 The Commission hereby specifically finds that the Development Agreement and each and every term and provision contained therein conforms to the Etiwanda North Speafic Plan based on the concurrent amendment to that Specific Plan The proposed protect wrath ds two parks, equestnan • trails, landscaping plan and other design considerations is generally consistent wrath the intent and goals of the Etiwanda North Speafic Plan 5 The Planning Commission finds that the Development Agreement does comply with the regwrements of California Govemment Code Sections 65865 through 65869 5 in that the Development Agreement does speafy in detail and contains the following a Provisions are inGuded in Section 3 (A) of the Development Agreement requinng penodic review of the Agreement at least every twelve months, at which time the applicant shall be requred to demonstrate good faith compliance with the terms of the Agreement (California Govemment Code Section 65865 1) b The duration of the Development Agreement is speafied in Section 2 1 of the Agreement as being for ten (10) years (Govemment Code Section 65865 2) c The permitted uses of the property, the density and intensity of use, the maximum height and size of the proposed structures, and other required provisions are referred to in Sections 2 (A) of the Development Agreement (Govemment Code Section 65865 2) d The Development Agreement includes conditions, terms, restnctions and requirements for subsequent discretionary actions in Section 2 (B) of the Agreement (Govemment Code Section 65865 2) e The Development Agreement includes terms and conditions in Section 2 (C) (6) and (7) that regwre the developer to improve portions of public streets around the perimeter of the . property and provide for and improve private streets inside the development (Govemment Code Section 65865 2) F-s ~ gs PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO 04-80 DEVELOPMENT AGREEMENT DRC2003-00411 -TRACY DEVELOPMENT . June 9, 2004 Page 5 f The Development Agreement speafies that the project is to be constructed in coordination with the construction of certain public infrastructure improvements as specified in Section 2 (D) of the Agreement (Government Code Section 65865 2) 6 Based upon all the findings contained in this Resolution, this Commission hereby recommends approval of the Development Agreement attached hereto as Exhibit "A " 7 The Secretary to this Commission shall certify to the adoption of this Resolution APPROVED AND ADOPTED THIS 9TH DAY OF JUNE 2004 PLANNING COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF RANCHO CUCAMONGA BY Rich MaGas, Chairman ATTEST • Brad Buller, Secretary I, Brad Buller, Secretary of the Planning Commission of the Crty of Rancho Cucamonga, do hereby certify that the foregoing Resolution was duly and regularly introduced, passed, and adopted by the Planning Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga, at a regular meeting of the Planning Commission held on the 9th day of June 2004, by the follomnng vote-to-vnt AYES COMMISSIONERS NOES COMMISSIONERS ABSENT COMMISSIONERS F-S ~ g~ DRAFT (as revised 06/02/2004) DEVELOPMENT AGREEMENT DRC2003-00411 DEVELOPMENT AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE CITY OF RANCHO CUCAMONGA AND TRAIGH PACIFIC PROPERTIES (dba TRACY DEVELOPMENT) CONCERNING THE PROPOSED TENTATIVE TRACT 14749 This Agreement (the "Development Agreement") is made and entered into this _ day of , 2004, by and between Trargh Pacific Properties (dba Tracv Development) Distract, and the City of Rancho Cucamonga, a muniapal corporation (the "CITY") pursuant to the authority of Section 65864 through 65869 5 of the California Government Code Tra~gh Paaf~c Properties Parkwest Landscape, and San Bernardino Flood Control Drstnct, and its successors and assigns, if any, are referred to collectively hereinafter as the "Property Owner" The CITY and Traigh Paafic Properties et al are collectively referred to herein as the "Parties" RECITALS A To provide more certainty m the approval of development protects, to encourage private participation m comprehensive planning, and to reduce the economic risk of development, the Legislature of the State of California has adopted Sections 65864, et seq of the Califorrna Government Code, thus authorizing the CITY to enter into binding development agreements with persons having legal or equitable interests in real property, in order to establish development rights with respect thereto B Section 65865(b) of the California Government Code authorizes the CITY to enter into a binding development agreement with respect to real property which is m unincorporated territory but also within the CITY's sphere of influence, provided that the effectiveness of the development agreement is conditioned upon the annexation of such real property to the CITY within the period of time for annexation as specified m the Development Agreement C Property Owner owns fee title to approximately 168 8-acres of real property located entirely within the County of San Bernardino (the "County") and more particularly described in Exhibit "A" and depicted on Exhibit "B" attached hereto (the "Protect Site") D On April 24, 2003 the City received an application for Tentative Tract Map (SUBTT14749), a General Plan Amendment (DRC2003-00410), an Etiwanda North Specific Plan Amendment (DRC2003-00409), along with this Development Agreement (DRC2003-00411) and a request for Annexation (DRC2003-01051) of the Proposed Protect An Environmental Impact Report has been prepared to address the potential environment impacts of the proposed protect and all discretionary actions anticipated by the CITY and the Local Agency Formation Commission E As set forth in Ordinance No _ adopted by the City Council on • (the "Enacting Ordinance"), the execution of this Development Agreement and performance of and compliance with the terms and conditions set forth herein by the ~ TI Development Agreement 1 ~ r Q~r-1 Traigh Pacific Properties F 10' 1 Parties hereto (Q is in the best interest of the CITY, (u) wilt promote the public convenience, general welfare, and good land use practices in the CITY, (ui) will promote preservation of land values, (iv) will encourage the development of the Protect by providing a level of certainty to the Property Owner, and (v) will provide for orderly growth and development of the CITY consistent with the CITY's General Plan AGREEMENT NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the above recitals, and the mutual promises and covenants of the Parties, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and suffiaency of which us hereby acknowledged, the Parties agree as follows Section 1. GENERAL PROVISIONS A. Effectiveness of Development Agreement Notwithstanding the effective date of the Enacting Ordinance, this Development Agreement shall only become effective, and the rights and obligations of the Parties shall only arise, upon the date that the last of the following have occurred 1 The protect site has been annexed to the CITY and said annexation is final as to any and all administrative actions, and is not subfect to fudicial challenge, and 2 The Protect and the Final EIR have been approved by the CITY and all entitlements have been issued for completion by Property Owner . B. Term The term of this Development Agreement shall commence on the Effective Date and shall extend for a period of 10 years thereafter, unless this Development Agreement is terminated, modified or extended by circumstances set forth in this Development Agreement, including, without limitation, the extensions provided below and any extensions attributable to "force mafeure" circumstances described in Section 2 D 4 hereof or by mutual written consent of the Parties Following the expiration of the Term, this Development Agreement shall be deemed terminated and of no further force and effect, provided, however, that such termination shall not affect any right or duty arising from the protect entitlements granted prior to, concurrently with, or subsequent to the approval of this Development Agreement and the structures that are developed in accordance with this Development Agreement and the use of those structures shall continue to be governed by this Development Agreement for purposes of ensuring, for land use purposes, that those structures continue to be legal conforming structures and that those uses continue to be legal conforming uses C. Assignment Subfect to the terms of this Development Agreement, Property Owner shall have the right to convey, assign, sell, lease, sublease, encumber, hypothecate or otherwise transfer (for purposes of this Development Agreement, "Transfer") the Protect Site, in whole or in part, to any person, partnership, Point venture, firm or corporation or other • entity at any time during the term of this Development Agreement, and to the extent of each such Transfer, the transferor shall be relieved of its legal duty to perform such obligations under this Development Agreement at the time of the Transfer, except to the Development Agreement ~ ~ ~~ ~ Traigh Paafic Properties extent Property Owner is in default, as defined in Section 3 C hereof, of any of the terms of this Development Agreement when the Transfer occurs If all or a portion of the Protect Site is Transferred and there is noncompliance by the transferee owner with respect to any term and condition of this Development Agreement, or by the transferor with respect to any portion of the Protect Site not sold or Transferred, such noncompliance shall be deemed a breach of this Agreement by that transferee or transferor, as applicable, but shall not be deemed to be a breach hereunder against other persons then owning or holding any interest in any portion of the Protect Site and not themselves m breach under this Development Agreement Any alleged breach shall be governed by the provisions of Section 3 C hereof In no event shall the reservation or dedication of a portion of the Protect Site to a public agency cause a transfer of duties and obligations unless specifically stated to be the case in this Development Agreement, any of the exhibits attached to this Development Agreement, the instrument of conveyance used for such reservation or dedication, or other form of agreement with such public agency Concurrently, with any such sale, transfer or assignment, or within ten business days thereafter, the Property Owner shall notify the CITY, in writing, of such sale, transfer or assignment and shall provide the CITY with an executed agreement, in a form reasonably acceptable to the CITY, by the purchaser, transferee or assignee and providing therein that the purchaser, transferee or assignee expressly and unconditionally assumes ail the duties and obligations of the Property Owner under this agreement p. Amendment of Agreement This Development Agreement may be amended from time to time by mutual consent of the Parties in accordance with the provisions of Government Code Sections 65867 and 65868 Notwithstanding anything stated to the contrary in this Development Agreement, the parties may enter into one or more implementing agreements, as set forth below, to clarify the intended application or interpretation of this Development Agreement, without amending this Development Agreement Property Owner and the CITY acknowledge that the provisions of this Development Agreement require a close degree of cooperation between Property Owner and the CITY and that, in the course of the development of the Protect Site, it may be necessary to supplement this Development Agreement to address the details of the Parties' respective performance and obligations, and to otherwise effectuate the purposes of this Development Agreement and the intent of the Parties If and when, from time to time, the Parties find that it is necessary or appropriate to clarify the application or interpretation of this Development Agreement, the Parties may do so through one or more implementing agreements (the "Implementing Agreement"), which shall be executed by the City Planner and by an authorized representative of Property Owner After execution, each Implementing Agreement shall be attached as an addendum and become a part of this Development Agreement, and may be further changed or supplemented from time to time as necessary Such Implementing Agreement shall not require the approval of the City Council of the CITY and shall only be executed by the City Planner (on Behalf of the CITY), if the City Planner has made a reasonable determination that such implementing agreements are not materially inconsistent with this Development Agreement, and applicable ordinances, rules, Development Agreement ~ 3 ~ ~ ~ Traigh Pacrfic Properties regulations and official policies of the CITY in effect at the time of execution of this Development Agreement Any changes to this Development Agreement which would impose additional obligations on the CITY beyond those which would be deemed to arise under a reasonable interpretation of this Development Agreement, or which would purport to change land use designations applicable to the Protect Site under the applicable Prolect Entitlements, shall be considered "material" and shall require amendment of this Agreement in accordance with the provisions of California Government Code Sections 65867 and 65868 Section 2. PLANNED DEVELOPMENT OF THE PROJECT A. Land Use and Proiect Entitlements The Protect Entitlements are depicted on the Tentative Tract Map, Conceptual Grading Plan, and Conceptual Landscape Plan, attached hereto as Exhibits 1A - 1C Protect Entitlements refers to the following material related to the approval of the Development Agreement (DRC2003-00411) and the Tentative Tract Map (SUBTT14749) all plans that constitute the approved protect, all Planning Commission and City Council Resolutions of Approval including the associated conditions of approval, and all mitigation measures included in the Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Plan and the Environmental Impact Report The Parties acknowledge that, without being obligated to do so, Property Owner plans to develop the Protect Site in substantial conformity with the Protect Entitlements as approved by this Development Agreement During the Term of this agreement, the permitted uses for the Protect, or any portion thereof, the density and intensity of use, zoning, maximum height and size of proposed buildings, bwlding and yard setback regwrements, provisions for the reservation or dedication of land, design and performance standards and other terms and conditions of development of the Protect constitute the Entitlements as approved by this Development Agreement The specific terms of this Development Agreement shall supercede and be controlling over any conflict and/or inconsistency with the Protect Entitlements The Parties acknowledge and agree that the total number of lots in the approved tract totals 269 lots, and that lots may be shifted between phased tracts without increasing the overall number of lots and be in substantial conformity with the Protect Entitlements as approved by this Development Agreement The CITY Planner shall exercise his reasonable discretion to review transfers of lots between tracts and make the determination of substantial compliance Other certain specific modifications of the Protect Entitlements to which the Parties agree are set forth below Ali Exhibits attached hereto constitute material provisions of the Development Agreement, and are incorporated herein B. Rules and Reoulations Pursuant to California Government Code Section 65856 and except as otherwise expliatly provided in this Development Agreement, (1) the ordinance, rules and regulations and official policies governing permitted uses of the Protect Site, the density and intensity of such uses, and the design, improvement, and construction standards and specifications applicable to development of the Protect and in effect as of the date of this Development Agreement, and (2) and those ordinances of the CITY, as implemented by this Development Agreement, rules, regulations and official policies in effect as of the date of this Development Agreement, but only to the extent that they are Development Agreement L~4 T O Tra~gh Pacific Properties J ~~ consistent with the Protect Entitlements, as modified and/or amended by this Development Agreement (collectively the "Existing Laws"), except that the CITY's street " " ) ADA improvement, lighting, storm drain, and the Amencans with Disabilities Act ( standards shall be followed, and the landscape standards applicable shall be those ' s specified in this Development Agreement or if none are so specified, the CITY Standards In the event of any conflict between the Existing Laws and the other CITY ordinances, rules, regulations and official policies, then the Existing Laws shall control The CITY shall not be prevented in subsequent actions applicable to the Protect, from applying new ordinances, rules regulations, and policies in effect ("Future Policies") to the extent that they do not conflict with the Existing Laws Such conflict shall be deemed to occur if, without limitation, such Future Pol~aes 1. Modify the permitted types of land uses, the density or intensity of use, the maximum height or size of proposed buildings on the property, building and yard setback requirements, or impose requvements for the construction or provisions of on- site or offsite improvements or the reservation or dedication of land for public use, or the payment of fees or the imposition of extractions, other than as are in each case speatically provided for in this Development Agreement; 2 Prevent the Property Owner from obtaining all necessary approvals, permits, certificates or other entitlements at such dates and under such arcumstances as the Property Owner would otherwise be entitled under this Development Agreement, 3. Render any conforming use of the Protect Site anon-conforming use or any structure on the Protect Site anon-conforming structure C. Design and Infrastructure Issues Gated Community The Proposed Protect is approved as a pnvate gated community, which shall include formation of a Homeowners Assocation The Homeowners Association must be formed to assume responsibility and maintenance of the gates, common area streets, drainage faalities, intenm detention basins, utility easements, streetlights, sidewalks, landscaping (including the north side of 'Lower Crest Collector') and walls throughout the protect The terms and conditions of the CC&Rs establishing the Homeowners Association shalt be subtect to City approval pnor to recordation p Homeowners Assocation and Pnvate In-tract Slopes In-tract streetscape plans depicting slopes on the Homeowners Association and private slopes shall be reviewed and approved by CITY Slopes of a ratio 2H iV may be permitted up to 30-feet in height upon rewew and approval of the City Planner with retaining walls as approved by the City Planner Proposed specific slope treatments, which shall be applied are depicted on Exhibit 2 Dry Utilities The Protect Entitlements do not regwre that Burd vaults be installed and . the CITY and Property Owner agree that no Burd vaults will be required throughout the Protect Site Development Agreement 5 Traigh Pacific Properties F-s tq ~ 4 Community Trail The Property Owner shall design and construct improvements to the CITY Community Trail network along the Etiwanda Creek levee, and parallel to the northerly extension of Etiwanda Avenue along the west protect boundary, m accordance with CITY Standards 5 Gradin The Grading Plan, included in the Protect Entitlements, shall conform to the Design Guidelines of the Etiwanda North Specific Plan However, with an average slope across the site less than 8%, the Protect is exempt from the CITY Hillside Development Regulations of the Development Code 6 Street Sections The CITY desires that the design of East Avenue, Etiwanda Avenue and "Lower Crest Collector', be designed as depicted in the Etiwanda North Speafic Plan Exhibit 13(D)/with community trail, and Exhibit 13(E), respectively The following deviations from the standard CITY Engineering Division street standards or polices are acceptable as depicted on the approved plans included as part of the Protect Entitlements a The straight sections on interior streets (Street W) may be greater than 800-feet due to the fact that the protect is a private gated community, thereby limiting the protect from traffic impacts form any other development through the protect b All interior streets that have driveway access to single-family residential lots may be designed with a 50-foot right-of-way utilizing a rolled curb, all other streets within the tract shall have a 60-foot right-of-way with a City standard 6-inch curb face 7 Circulation Issues and Fees a Transportation Fee/Traffic Impact Analysis The Property Owner shall construct all circulation improvements necessary to serve the area m and around the Protect Site, as generally depicted on Exhibits 3A - 6A In addition, the Property Owner shall comply with Transportation Development Fees In accordance with CITY ordinance Upon formation of a Community Facilities District ("CFD") Property Owner may include the cost of the improvement specified in this Section 2 C 7 b as part of the CFD financing The Property Owner shall receive credit against, or reimbursement of costs, in excess of the Transportation Development Fee for the following "backbone" improvements as described herein, in conformance with City Policy East Avenue, Lower Crest Collector and middle 38 feet of Etiwanda Avenue (full width across Southern California Edison corridor) Development Agreement 6 Traigh Pacific Properties ~~2 ~~ Other Circulation Improvements The Property Owner shall design and construct the following improvements (i) Etiwanda Avenue Improve as a Secondary Arterial from the north boundary of Tract 16072 to Lower Crest Collector, as depicted in Exhibit 4A These improvements shall be completed prior to the first release of occupancy, or to the satisfaction of the City Engineer Property Owner may request reimbursement agreement to recover the cost for non-backbone improvements west of the centerline from future development as it occurs on adtacent properties in the City limits If the Property Owner fails to submit for said reimbursement agreement within 6-months of the public improvements being accepted by the City, all rights of the Property Owner to reimbursement shall terminate (u) East Avenue Construct Collector Street improvements from the north boundary of Tract 16072 to Lower Crest Collector, as depicted in Exhibit 3A These improvements shall be completed poor to the first release of occupancy, or to the satisfaction of the City Engineer (ui) Lower Crest Collector Construct Collector Street improvements along the entire length of the Protect Site, as depicted in Exhibit 6A These improvements shall be completed prior to the first release of occupancy, or to the satisfaction of the City Engineer 8 Storm Drains The Property Owner shall design and construct the following improvements based on the cntena in the Etiwanda/San Sevaine Drainage Policy a Etiwanda/San Sevaine Area 3 Master Plan Storm Dram (i) The Property Owner shall prowde adequate easements and construct local and Master Plan System 3 drainage facilities extending from the Protect Site to the Etiwanda Regional Spreading Grounds System 3 includes the protection of the existing open channel on the north boundary of Tentative Tract 14139, east of East Avenue to the Etiwanda Spreading Grounds Standard drainage fees for the protect shall be credited to the cost of permanent master plan facilities, in accordance with City Policy The Property Owner may request a reimbursement agreement within 6 months of public improvements being accepted by the CITY, or all rights of the development to reimbursement shall terminate (u) The Property Owner shall partiapate in construction of Interim Master Plan Basin No 2 and either the Etiwanda/Summit or the Etiwanda/Arrow Interim Regional Basin, to the satisfaction of the San Bernardino County Flood Control Distract b Etiwanda/San Sevaine Area 2 Master Plan Storm Drain Development Agreement 7 Traigh Pacific Properties F s ~a3 (Q The channel along the north tract boundary constitutes a portion of the Master Plan System 2, which is regwred to protect the site from upstream flows The channel shall be designed to be extended westerly along the Rancho Etiwanda Estates protect The Property Owner may also be regwred to install interim Master Plan Basin No 1, within the Protect Site, to the satisfaction of the San Bernardino County Flood Control District All flood protection improvements shall be completed pnor to the fast release of occupancy, or to the satisfaction of the City Engineer, including a Letter of Map Revision (LOMB) issued by FEMA Standard drainage fees for the protect shall be credited to the cost of permanent master plan facilities, in accordance with City Policy The Property Owner may request a reimbursement agreement within 6 months of public improvements being accepted by the CITY, or all rights of the development to reimbursement shall terminate (n) Property owner shall construct Intenm Master Plan Basin No 1 if so directed by the San Bernardino County Flood Control Distnct These improvements shall be completed pnor to the first release of occupancy, or to the satisfaction of the City Engineer c Local Storm Drams The Property Owner shall construct local storm drams to convey development drainage to the Master Plan Storm Drain Extend the local storm drain system as far on the Protect Site as needed to contain 025 within the tops of curbs, 0100 within nghts-of-way and provide a 10-foot dry lane in 010 The cost of the local storm dram system shall be borne by the Property Owner without Fee Credits • d If Intenm basins are required by the San Bernardino County Flood Control District, easements shall be provided to the City for any lots containing said basins Also, a maintenance agreement shall be executed guaranteeing private maintenance of the facilities, but providing the City with the right of access to maintain the facilities if private maintenance is insufficient and allowing the City to assess those costs to the developer The developer may request a reimbursement agreement to recover the proportionate cost of the land and ultimate basin related facilities (outlet, etc) from future development using the basin If the developer fads to submit said reimbursement agreement within 6 months of the public improvements being accepted by the City, all rights of the developer to reimbursement shall terminate e Development within the Etiwanda/San Sevaine Drainage Area is responsible for the City's adopted regional drainage fee, which is not subfect to fee crediUreimbursement like the master plan drainage fee g Development of Park Sites Property owner agrees to construct the Parks in substantial conformity with the depiction and description of Exhibits 7A, 7B, and 7C m conformance with all applicable standards and permit regwrements The Parks improvements shall be completed substantially complete by the one-hundredth (100"') budding permit issuance in the Protect The Property Owner will make a good faith effort to complete all actions necessary to secure and complete work necessary to include the off-site special event parking area as depicted in Exhibit 7A The City agrees to promptly process all applications and permits consistent with its usual and customary procedures A portion of the regwred Equestrian Mitigation Fee shall be set aside as an endowment for capital replacement and maintenance purposes, in the event of private maintenance default by the tenant Development Agreement ~ 8 ~ f ~~i Traigh Pacific Properties organization The amount to be set aside shall be based on studies by the developer, • subfect to approval of the City Planner and City Engineer The endowment shall be paid to the City prior to the issuance of building permits for the facility 10 Park Fee/Equestnan Mitigation Fee/Beautification Fee The Property Owner shall pay the following fees a Property Owner will pay CITY a sum totaling $269,000 (based upon $1,000 per urnt) for equestrian purposes, however, the Property Owner shall receive Equestnan Mitigation Fee credit for development of the North Etiwanda Equestnan Center on Lot E as depicted on Exhibit 7A, which Equestrian Center development costs will be limited to the total amount of Equestrian Mitigation Fees paid by Tentative Tract 14749 and other contributing protect The current estimate of available Equestrian Mitigation Fees is $1 54 million In addition, the Property Owner may request a reimbursement agreement from the City for costs incurred in the development of the Equestnan Center that are over and above the obligation as noted above The credit will be based on the actual cost of the improvements toward payment of the standard CITY Equestrian Mitigation Fee and the CITY Park Fee listed below in Section 10 b Reimbursement in excess of the CITY Equestnan Mitigation Fee reimbursement shall be in the form of Park Fee credits toward the payment of the City Park Fee listed below in Section 10 b The North Etiwanda Equestnan Center shall be constructed with phase 1 of protect development b The Property Owner shalt pay the CITY a sum totaling $1,775,400 r~ for park purposes (based upon a value of $6,600 per unit), however, the Property Owner shall receroe Park Credit for the improvements to the North Etiwanda Preserve Trailhead on Lot F as depicted on Exhibit 7C, and for the excess development cost of the Equestrian Center pursuant to Section 10 a above The credit will be based on the actual cost of the improvements toward payment of the standard CITY Park Fee The North Etiwanda Preserve Trailhead shall be constructed with phase 1 of protect development c In exchange for construction of landscaping improvements along the south side of Lower Crest Collector, the Property Owners shall not be required to pay CITY Beautification Fees for future residential construction 11 Development Standards The protect shall be developed in accordance with the following Development Standards The Development Standards set the minimum requirements, however, the intent of the Protect is to develop the protect consistent with the goals of the CITY's Low-Density Residential District of the Etiwanda North Specific Plan Lot Area 7,200 SF minimum b Lot Width 60-feet minimum as measured at building setback line d Lot Coverage 40% maximum of lot area for building structures Paving driveways patios or pools shall not be calculated as part of budding coverage Development Agreement 9 Traigh Pacific Properties F77G~5 e Bwlding Setbacks (i) Front Yard Should be staggered with a minimum of 18- feet and an average of 20 feet throughout the tract as measured at the right-of-way line (u) Side Yard 15-feet budding separation is required with a minimum of 5-feet and 10-feet side yards measured form the property line (ui) Rear Yard 15-feet minimum useable (iv) Garage Placement Where garages are entered from the local street and the garage doors do not face the street (side-entry garages) the setback shall be 10-feet minimum from the back of the sidewalk (v) Budding Height• 35-feet mawmum Number of Housing Units The protect entitlements include 269 housing units 12 Design Review Process The Protect, and all subsequent applications for residential development, shall be subtect to the CITY DevelopmenUDesign Revew process • 13 Architectural Guidelines The Protect, and all subsequent applications for residential development, shall be subtect to the Architectural Gwdelines of the Etiwanda North Speafic Plan 14 Open Space Transfer Plan The Property Owner shall transfer to the County of San Bernardino Special Districts OS-1 other qualified conservation entity approved by the City, in fee, a minimum of 164-acres of off-site land for permanent open space and habitat preservation, along with funding in an amount to be determined by County of San Bernardino Special Distracts (or other conservation entity), to provide for long-term maintenance of said land The preferred location of the off-site land is in the environment surrounding the North Etiwanda Preserve in the CITY Sphere of Influence, other properties may be considered based the review of appropriate Biological Habitat Assessments and concurrence of the CITY Planner The transfer and funding shall occur prior to recording of the first final map of the Protect D. Timing of Development and Fees 1 Development of the Perimeter Landscaoing and the Etiwanda North Specific Plan Neighborhood Monumentation • All perimeter landscaping, including the Upper Etiwanda Neighborhood Monumentation, Penang, signage, and landscaping as depicted in the Etiwanda North Speafic Plan Exhibit 25A-C, shall be completed prior to the release of occupancy of the Development Agreement 10~ l~ ~ Traigh Paafic Properties 100'h dwelling within the protect In addition, improvements to East Avenue, Etiwanda . Avenue and Lower Crest Collector shall conform to the Upper Etiwanda Neighborhood Landscape theme as illustrated in the Etiwanda North Speafic Plan Exhibit 21 (Landscape Street Sections B-1, M-1, and B-2, respectively) The landscape improvements shall be annexed to LMD No 7, or other district as approved by the City Engineer 2 Development of the Remainder of the Site Neither the property owner nor CITY can presently predict when or the rate at which phases of the protect shall be developed, since such decisions depend on numerous factors which are not within the control of the Property Owner including, without limitation, market orientation and demand, interest rates, absorption, competition and other factors The parties acknowledge and agree that Property Owner, subtect to the restrictions and conditions in the Development Agreement, retains flexibility under this Development Agreement to develop the Protect in such order and at such rate and times as are appropriate within the exerese of the Property Owner's business tudgment The CITY further acknowledges that Property Owner may desire to market, sell, or otherwise arrange for disposition of some or all of the Protect Site, prior to development, and that the rate at which the Protect develops will likely depend upon the business tudgment of subsequent owners of the Protect Site 3 CITY's Cooperation CITY shall use good faith efforts to promptly process and take final action on any applications for permits or approvals filed by Property Owner with respect to the Protect Such cooperation shall include, without limitation, (a) using good faith efforts to process subsequent DevelopmenUDesign Review in accordance with state regulations, and (b) promptly processing all ministerial permits in accordance with Section 2 I below Without limiting the effect of any other provision of this Development Agreement, any future regulation, whether adopted by initiative or otherwise, limiting the rate or timing of development of the Protect Site or the extent thereof, shall be deemed to conflict with Property Owner's vested rights to develop the Protect under this Development Agreement and shall, to that extent, not apply to the development of the Protect Processing and review of development proposals shall be subtect to established procedures in effect in the entire CITY, including Development and Design Review, as specified in the Existing Laws However, the criteria used in the evaluation of each development proposal shall be based on the obtectives, pollees and speefic development standards specified herein 4 Force Maieure CJ Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in the Development Agreement, Property Owner and CITY shall be excused from performance of their obligations under this Development Agreement during any period of delay caused by • acts of God or evil commotion, riots, strikes, picketing, or other labor disputes, shortage of materials or supplies, or damage to or prevention of work by reason of fire, floods, earthquake, or other casualties, litigation, acts or neglect of the Property Owner, as Development Agreement ~11 ~~ Traigh Pacific Properties • applicable The time of performance of such obligations as well as the term of this Development agreement shall automatically be extended by the period of such delay hereunder E. Future Entitlements With respect to any entitlements that Property Owner may require in the future, including, without limitation, tentative tract and parcel map approvals, conditional use permits, and DevelopmenUDesign Review, the CITY shall retain its discretionary review authority and the CITY's applicable ordinances, rules, regulations and official policies However, any such discretionary review shall be expressly sublect to the provisions of this Development Agreement and the CITY may only impose conditions upon such discretionary entitlements which are consistent with the Protect Entitlements as approved by this Development Agreement, except as otherwise specifically regwred by state or federal law F. Environmental Review Other than the mitigation measures and conditions of approval set forth in the EIR and the Protect Entitlements (and any additional future mitigation programs contemplated therein), no other mitigation measures for environmental impacts created by the Protect, as presently approved and as evaluated in the EIR, shall be regwred In connection with the CITY's issuance of any further entitlement (as contemplated in Section 2 E above), which is sublect to CEQA, the CITY shall promptly commence and diligently process any and all initial studies and assessments required by CEQA, and to the extent permitted by CEQA, the CITY shall use the EIR and other existing • environmental reports and studies as adequately addressing the environmental impacts of such matter or matters, without requiring new or supplemental environmental documentation In the event CEQA regwres any additional environmental review, the CITY may impose additional measures (or conditions) to mitigate, as permitted by CEQA, the adverse environmental impacts of such future entitlements, which were not considered at the time of approval of the Protect G. CITY Fees and Mandates by State and Federal Laws The Parties acknowledge and agree that the fees and impositions which may potentially be imposed by the CITY on the Protect and Property Owner (collectively "fees") fall within one of three categories (a) fees for processing land use and construction permit applications which are not otherwise governed by the provisions of Section 66000 of the Government Code (but which are sublect to the limitations set forth in Sections 66013, 66014, and 66016-66018 5 of the Government Code) (collectively, the "Processing Fees"), (b) fees or other monetary exactions which are contemplated under ordinances or resolutions in effect as of the date of this Development Agreement and which purport to defray all or a portion of the cost of impacts to certain public facilities, improvements and other amenities from the development protects, including any fees described in Government Code Sections 66000 et seq (collectively, the "Existing Fee Categories") (the Existing Fee Categories include any increases, decreases, or other modifications to existing fees, so long as such modified fees relate to the same category of impacts identified in the Existing Fee Categories), and (c) fees or other monetary exactions which may be imposed in the future by the CITY for purposes of defraying all or a portion of the cost of public facilities, improvements, or amenities related to development protects, but excluding the Existing Fee Categones ("other Fees") The Property Owner's obligation to pay Fees shall be specifically governed by the following provisions Development Agreement 12 ~~ ~ Traigh Pacific Properties FS • 1 Processing Fees The CITY may charge Planning and Engineering Plan Check and Permit Fees and Building Permit Fees, which are in force and effect on a CITY-wide basis at the time of Property Owner's application for a land use entitlement, or a construction permit The amount of any Processing Fees shall be determined by the CITY in accordance with all applicable laws, including, without limitation, Government Code Sections 66013, 66014, and 6601 7-6601 8 5 (or any successor laws, as applicable) Unless otherwise agreed by Property Owner and the CITY, the Processing Fees assessed Property Owner shall be the same as those imposed upon other development protects throughout the turisdictional limits of the CITY p Other Fees In consideration of the Property Owner's Agreement to modify the Protect Entitlements as specifically set forth in this Development Agreement and implement the timing of development in accordance with the terms set forth above, no Other Fees shall be imposed upon the Property Owner or the Protect dunng the term of this Development Agreement, except as may be speafically required to carry out any state or federal law or mandate enacted after the effective date of this Development Agreement, as necessary to mitigate environmental impacts of the protect in accordance with 2 G above 3 Fiscal Impact Analysis CITY does not regwre Property Owner or the Protect to complete a fiscal impact analysis for application or issuance of any approvals or permits that CITY might issue under this Development Agreement H. Non-discretionary Permits The Parties acknowledge that in the course of implementing the Protect, Property Owner will, from time to time, apply to the CITY for vanous mirnsterial permits, licenses, consents, certificates, and approvals, including, without limitation, non-discretionary subdivision approvals, grading permits, construction permits, certificates of occupancy and permits requred to connect the Protect to utility systems under the CITY's tunsdiction (collectively the "Non-Discretionary Permits") Property Owner shall have the right to apply for any such Non-Discretionary Permits in accordance with the Existing Laws (and any applicable Future Policies under Section 2 B, above) The CITY shall issue to Property Owner, upon such applications, all regwred Non-Discretionary Permits, subtect only to compliance with the terms of this Development Agreement, the CITY's usual and customary tees and charges for such applications and Non-Discretionary Permits (subtect to the provisions of Section H above) and the terms and conditions of the applicable permit application The CITY further agrees that upon its approval of any plans, specifications, design drawings, maps, or other submittals of Property Owner in contunction with such Non-Discretionary Permits (the "Approved Plans"), all further entitlements, approvals and consents required from the CITY to implement the Protect which are consistent with and further implement such Approved Plans, shall be expeditiously processed and approved by the CITY in accordance with this Development Agreement Cooperation 1 Cooperation with Other Public Agenaes The CITY acknowledges that • the Property Owner may apply from time to time for permits and approvals as may be required by other governmental or quasi-governmental agencies having turisdiction over the Protect, in contunction with the development of or provision of services to the Protect, Development Agreement 13 Traigh Pacific Properties F-S laq . including, without limitation, approvals in connection with the developing and implementing a tertiary water system, potential transportation improvements and other on-site and off-site infrastructure The CITY shall cooperate with Property Owner in its efforts to obtain such permits and approvals from such agencies (including without limitation, the Cucamonga Valley Water Distract, the Inland Empire Utilities Agency, the San Bernardino County Flood Control District and Southern California Edison), and shall provide any documents or certificates reasonably regwred to process and obtain such permits and approvals 2 Construction of Off-Site Improvements To the extent that Property Owner is regwred to construct any off-site street improvements as a condition of developing the Protect, the Property Owner shall make good faith efforts to acgwre any off-site property interests necessary to construct the regwred public improvements If Property Owner fails to do so, Property Owner shall, at least 120 days prior to submittal of the fast final subdivision map for approval, enter into an agreement to complete the improvements under Government Code Section 66462 and 66462 5 at such time as the CITY deades to acgwre the property interests required for the public improvements Such agreement shall provde for payment by Property Owner of all costs incurred by the City if the City deades to acquire the off-site property interests regwred in connection with the subdivision Security for a portion of those costs shall be in the form of a cash deposit in the amount given in an appraisal report obtained by the City, at Property Owner's cost The appraiser shall have been approved by the CITY prior to commencement of the appraisal To the extent that such off-site improvements, or the construction of any substantial infrastructure on-site, substantially benefit other property owners or other portions of the turasdiction of limits of the CITY, the CITY agrees to assist Property Owner to the fullest extent possible in obtaining reimbursement or other fair share contribution by such other benefited property owners Such assistance may include, without limitation, conditioning the approval of development protects proposed by such benefited property owners upon such owners' contribution, on a fair share, pro-rata basis, to the construction cost of such improvements Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the CITY agrees with respect to the infrastructure improvements which are adtacent to and benefit other properties (whether such properties are undeveloped or developed), any further discretionary approvals sought by such property owners shall be conditioned to regwre fair share reimbursement to Property Owner for construction and related costs incurred in providing such improvements to the extent legally permissible 3 Public Finanancl The Parties hereby acknowledge that substantial public improvements must be funded in order to contribute to the Park, Beautification, Equestrian and School Fees, and the remainder of the Protect Site and that public finanang of a substantial portion of these improvements will be critical to the economic viability of the Protect Subtect to CITY's ability to make all findings required by applicable law and complying with all applicable legal procedures and requirements, the CITY agrees to cooperate with and assist Property Owner to the fullest extent possible in developing and implementing a public finanang plan for the payment of public infrastructure fees and the construction of the public infrastructure improvements The • implementation of such plan may include, without limitation, the formation of one or more assessment districts, or Mello-Roos community faalities districts, or the issuance of Development Agreement 14 O Traigh Paafic Properties F=S~~ bonds, certificates of participation, or other debt securities necessary to implement such plan J. Creation of the Landscape and Street Lightino Maintenance District The CITY agrees to promptly form the necessary Landscape Maintenance District (LMD) pursuant to California Streets and Highways Code Sections 22500 et seq (the "Landscape and Lighting Act of 1972") for the Protect development to encompass the Protect Site as well as the area being annexed by the CITY The Property Owner shall pay for the formation of the LMD The Parties agree that the LMD must be established no later than recordation of the First final tract map and that the CITY may create an LMD, which allows annexation of other areas In addition, if outside agencies, upon their review and approval of various components of the protect, impose any non- standard improvements that regwre extraordinary maintenance responsibilities of the CITY, the CITY may impose the creation of additional maintenance districts upon the proposed development Upon acceptance of improvements, the CITY (throughout the LMD) shall assume full responsibility for the maintenance, repair and replacement of the improvements to be maintained by the LMD pursuant to the LMDs governing documents The Parties also acknowledge that assessments for the LMDs are collected annually in June, and to the extent that assessments are collected through the LMD for the perod ending June 2006, the City may request, and the Property Owner agrees to provide, reasonable cash deposit to fund the LMD The CITY shall promptly upon receipt of assessments the following June, reimburse Property Owner for any such cash • advances to fund the LMD Property Owner shall annex to the existing Street Lighting District for arterial streets aty-wide (SLDi) Streetlights on local streets shall be privately maintained Section 3. ANNUAL REVIEW A. Good Faith Compliance Pursuant to California Government Code Section 65866 1, the CITY shall once every twelve (12) months dunng the term of this Development Agreement, review the extent of good faith substantial compliance by Property Owner with the terms of this Development Agreement, provided, however, that it is intended that this review shall apply to the Protect Site as a whole, as opposed to each individual property owner who may own a parcel compnsing the Protect Site In connection with such annual review, Property Owner shall provide such information as may reasonably be requested by the CITY in order to determine whether any provisions of this Agreement have been breached by Property Owner If at any time prior to the review period there is an issue concerning a Property Owner's compliance with the terms of this Development Agreement, the provisions of this Section 3 shall apply B. Certificate of Compliance If Property Owner is found to be in compliance with this Development Agreement after annual review, the City Planner shall, upon wntten request by Property Owner, issue a certificate of compliance ("Certificate of Compliance") to Property Owner stating that, based upon information known to the CITY, the Development Agreement remains in effect and Property Owner is not in default The Certificate of Compliance shall be in recordable form and shall contain such information as shall impart constructive record of Development Agreement ~ 15~~o I Traigh Paafic Properties notice of compliance Property Owner may record the Certificate of Compliance in the Offiaal Records of the County of San Bernardino C. Finding of Default If, upon completion of the annual review, the City Planner intends to find that Property Owner has not complied in good faith with the material terms of this Agreement (a "Default"), he shall first give written notice of such effect to the Property Owner The notice shall be accompanied by copies of all staff reports, staff recommendations and other information concerning Property Owner's compliance with the terms of this Development Agreement as the CITY may possess and which is relevant to determining Property Owner's performance under this Development Agreement The notice shall specify in detail the grounds and all facts allegedly demonstrating such noncompliance, so Property Owner may address the issues raised on a point-by-point basis. Property Owner shall have twenty (20) days after its receipt of such notice to file a wntten response with the City Planner Within 10 days after the expiration of such 20-day response penod, the City Planner shall notify Property Owner whether he has determined that Property Owner is in Default under this Development Agreement ("Notice of Default") Such Notice of Default shall specify the instances in which the Property Owner has allegedly failed to comply with this Development Agreement and the terms under which compliance can be obtained The Notice of Default shall also speafy a reasonable time for Property Owner to meet the terms of compliance, which time shall not be less than thirty (30) days from the date of the Notice of Default, and which shall be reasonably related to the time necessary to bring Property Owner's performance into good faith compliance D. Right to Apaeal Upon receipt of the Notice of Default, the Property Owner may appeal the City Planner's decision directly to the City Council Such appeal shall be initiated by filing a written notice of appeal with the City Clerk within the (10) calendar days following the Property Owner's receipt of the Notice of Default The hearing on such appeal shall be scheduled in accordance with Section 17 02 080 of the CITY Development Code At the hearing, Property Owner shall be entitled to submit evidence and to address all the issues raised by the Notice of Default If, after considenng all the evidence presented at the hearing, the City Council finds and determines on the basis of substantial evidence the Property Owner is in Default, then the City Council shall specify in venting to Property Owner the instances in which the Property Owner has faded to comply and the terms under which compliance can be obtained, and shall also specfy a reasonable time for Property Owner to meet the terms of compliance, which time shall not be less than thirty (30) days from the date of such writing from the City Council and which shall be reasonably related to the time necessary to bring Property Owner's performance into good faith compliance E. Propertv Owner's Cure Rights If Property Owner is in Default under this Development Agreement, it shall have a reasonable period of time to cure such Default before action is taken by the CITY to terminate this Development Agreement Oor to otherwise amend or limit Property Owner's rights under this Development Agreement In no event shall such cure penod be less than the time set forth in the finding of Default made under Sections 3C or 3D above (as • applicable) or less than the time reasonably necessary to cure such Default Any such cure period shall be extended by force mafeure circumstances described in Section 2 D 4 above Development Agreement ~ 165~~ Traigh Pacific Properties Section 4. ENFORCEMENT A. Enforcement by Either Party Subject to all regwrements mandated by applicable state or federal or other law, this Development Agreement shall be enforceable by any of the parties to this Agreement B. Cumulative Remedies In addition to any other rights or remedies, any of the Parties may institute legal action to cure, correct or remedy any Default (to the extent otherwise permitted herein and in Government Code Section 65864 et seq or any successor laws and regulations), to enforce any covenant or agreement herein in this Development Agreement or to enfom any threatened or attempted violation, including suits for declaratory relief, speafic performance, and relief in the nature of mandamus All of the remedies described above shall be cumulative and not exclusive of one another, and the exerase of any one or more of the remedies shall not constitute a waiver or election with respect to any other available remedy The provisions of this Section 46 are not intended to modify other provisions of the Development Agreement and are not intended to provide additional remedies not otherwise permitted by law C. Attorney's Fees In any legal proceedings brought by either party to enforce any covenant or any of the Parties' nghts or remedies under this Development Agreement including, without . limitation, any action for declaratory or egwtable relief, the prevailing party shall be entitled to recover reasonable attorneys' fees and all reasonable costs, expenses and disbursements m connection with such action Any such attorneys' fees and other expenses incurred by either of the Parties in enforcing a judgment in its favor under this Development Agreement, shall be recoverable separately from and m addition to any other amount included in this judgment, and such attorneys' fees obligation is intended to be severable from the other provisions of this Development Agreement and to survrve and not be merged into any such judgment Section 5. MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS A. Successors and Assigns Subject to the provisions of Section 1 C above, the terms of this Development Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the Parties, and their successors and assigns Insofar as this Development Agreement refers to Property Owner, as defined herein, if the rights under this Development Agreement are assigned, the term "Property Owner" shall refer to any such successor or assign B. Project as a Private Undertaking It is speafically understood and agreed by and between the Parties that the Project is a private development, that neither party is acting as the agent of the other in any respect under this Development Agreement, and that each of the Parties is an independent contracting entity with respect to the terms, covenants and conditions contained in this Development Agreement No partnership, joint venture or other association of any kind is formed by this Development Agreement The only relationship between the CITY and Property Owner is that of a government entity regulating the development of prvate property and the owner of such private property Development Agreement 17 Traigh Paafic Properties ~- SdD 3 C. Captions The captions of this Development Agreement are for convenience and reference only and shall in no way define, explain, modify, construe, limit, amplify or aid in the interpretation, construction or meaning of any of the provisions of this Development Agreement D. Mortgage Protection t Discretion to Encumber This Development Agreement shall not prevent or limit Property Owner, in any manner, at Property Owner's sole discretion, from encumbering the Protect or any portion of the Protect or any improvements on the Protect, by any mortgage, deed of trust or other security device securing financing with respect to all or any part of the Protect or any improvements thereon (a "Mortgage") 2 Effect of Default This Development Agreement shall be superior and senior to any mortgage subsequently placed upon the property, or any portion thereof, or any improvement thereon, including the lien of any mortgage or deed of trust Despite the foregoing, breach of any provision of this Development Agreement shall not defeat, render invalid, diminish or impair the lien of any Mortgage made in good faith for value 3 Mortoaaee Not Oblioated Notwithstanding anything in this Development Agreement to the contrary, (a) any holder of the beneficial interest under a Mortgage ("Mortgagee") may acquire to or possession of all or any portion of the Protect or any improvement thereon pursuant to the remedies provided by its Mortgage, whether by fudiaal or non-fudiaal foreclosure, deed in lieu of foreclosure, or othewise, and such Mortgagee shall not have any obligation under this Development Agreement to construct, fund or otherwise perform any affirmative obligation or affirmative covenant of Property Owner hereunder or to guarantee such performance, and Mortgagee may, after acquinng title to all or any portion of the Protect as aforesaid, assign or otherwise transfer the Protect or any such portion thereof to any person or entity, and upon the giving of notice of such assignment or transfer to the CITY and the assumption by the assignee or transferee of the obligations of the Property Owner with respect to the Property Owner or portion thereof so acquired which arise or accrue from and after the date of assignment or transfer, Mortgagee shall be relieved and discharged of and from any and all further obligations or liabilities under this Development Agreement with respect to the Protect or portion thereof so assigned or transferred, and (b) the consent of CITY shall not be required for the acquisition of all or any portion of the Protect by any purchaser at a foreclosure sale conducted pursuant to the terms of any Mortgage, and such purchaser shall, by virtue of acquiring title to the Protect or such portion thereof, be deemed to have assumed all obligations of Property Owner with respect to the Protect or portion thereof so acquired which arise or accrue subsequent to the purchase date, but such purchaser shall not be responsible for any prior defaults of Property Owner, provided, however, that in either of the instances referred to in clauses (a) or (b) above, to the extent any obligation or covenant to be performed by Property Owner is a condition to granting of a speafic benefit or to the performance of a specific covenant by CITY, the performance thereof shall continue to be a condition precedent to the CITY's granting of such benefit and performance of such covenant hereunder Development Agreement 1 S Traigh Pacific Properties ~-Sao~f 4 Notice of Default to Mortgagee Right of Mortgagee to Cure If a Mortgagee files with the CITY Clerk, a written notice requesting a copy of any Notice of Default given Property Owner under this Development Agreement and specifying the address for delivery thereof, the CITY shall deliver to such Mortgagee, concurrently with delivery thereof to Property Owner, any notice given to Property Owner with respect to any claim of the CITY that Property Owner has not complied with the terms of this Development Agreement or is otherwise in Default under this Development Agreement Each such Mortgagee shall have the right (but not the obligation) for a penod of thirty (30) days after the expiration of any cure penod given to Property Owner with respect to such Default, to cure such default, provided, however, that if any such Default cannot, with diligence, be remedied or cured within such thirty (30) day period, then such Mortgagee shall have such additional time as may be necessary to remedy or cure such Default, if such Mortgagee commences to remedy or cure within such thirty (30) day penod, and thereafter diligently pursues and completes such remedy or cure Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Default is of a nature which can only be cured by Mortgagee by obtaining possession, such Mortgagee shall be deemed to have remedied or cured such Default such Mortgagee shall, within such thirty (30) day period, commences efforts to obtain possession and carry the same forward with diligence and continuty through implementation of foreclosure, appointment of a receiver or otherwise, and shall thereafter remedy or cure or commence to remedy or cure the Default within the cure period speafied in Section 3 E above 5 Bankruptcy Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 5D4 above, if a Mortgagee is prohibited from commencing or prosecuting foreclosure or other appropriate proceedings in the nature thereof to obtain possession of the Protect Site by any process or intunction issued by any court or by any reason of any action by any court having furisdiction of any bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding involving Property Owner, Mortgagee shall for the purposes of this Development Agreement be deemed to be proceeding with diligence and continuity to obtain possession of the Property during the period of such prohibition if Mortgagee is proceeding diligently to terminate such prohibition 6 Amendment to Development Agreement The CITY and Property Owner agree not to modify this Development Agreement or to allow this Development Agreement to be modified or amended in any way, or cancel this Development Agreement, without the prior written consent of each Mortgagee, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed Notwithstanding anything stated above to the contrary, the CITY and Property Owner shall cooperate in including in this Development Agreement, by suitable implementing agreement from time to time, any provision which may reasonably be requested by a proposed Mortgagee for the purpose of implementing the mortgagee-protection provisions contained in this Development Agreement and allowing such Mortgagee reasonable means to protect or preserve the lien of the Mortgage on the occurrence of a default under the terms of this Development Agreement The CITY and Property Owner each agree to execute and deliver (acknowledge, if necessary for recording purposes) any implementing agreement necessary to effect such request, provided, however, that any such implementing agreement shall not in any material respect adversely effect any rights of the CITY under this Development Agreement or be materially inconsistent with the substantive provisions of this Development Agreement, the Protect Entitlements and the Existing Laws Development Agreement 19 Traigh Pacific Properties ~-Jaos • E. Consent Where the consent or approval of any of the Parties is required in or necessary under this Development Agreement, unless the context otherwise indicates, such consent or approval shall not be unreasonably withheld F. Entire Agreement This Development Agreement and the documents attached to and referred to in this Development Agreement constitute the entire agreement between Parties with respect to the subfect matter of this Development Agreement G. Further Actions and Entitlements Each of the Parties shall cooperate with and provide reasonable assistance to the other to the extent contemplated under this Development Agreement in the performance of all obligations under this Development Agreement and the satisfaction of the conditions of this Development Agreement H. Governing Law This Development Agreement including, without limitation, its existence, validity, construction and operation, and the rights of each of the Parties shall be determined in accordance with the laws of the State of California I. Recording The CITY Clerk shall cause a copy of this Development Agreement to be recorded m the office of the Recorder of the County of San Bernardino no later than ten • (t0) days following the effective date of this Development Agreement J. Time Time is of the essence in this Development Agreement and of each and every term and condition of this Development Agreement Waiver The failure of any of the Parties at any time to seek redress for any violation of this Development Agreement or any applicable law or regulation or to insist upon the strict performance of any term or condition shall not prevent any subsequent act or omission of the same or similar nature which would have onginally constituted a breach of or default under this Development Agreement from having all the force and effect of an original breach or default, and such subsequent act or omission may be proceeded against to the fullest extent provided by this Development Agreement No provision of this Development Agreement shall be deemed to have been waived by a party unless the waiver is in writing and signed by any of the Parties K L. Partiallnvalidity If any term, covenant, condition or provision of this Development Agreement is held by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, void or unenforceable, the remainder of the provisions of this Development Agreement shall remain in full force and effect and shall in no way be affected, impaired or invalidated thereby M. Notices • All notices between the CITY and Property Owner and any transferee under this Development Agreement, shall be in writing and shall be given by personal delivery, mail or facsimile Notice by personal delivery or facsimile shall be deemed effective upon Development Agreement 20~~0~ Traigh Pacific Properties delivery of such notice to the party for which it is intended at the address set forth below (or, in the case of a transferee m a wntten notice to the CITY) Notice by mad shall be deemed effective upon receipt or refection of the addressee The Parties' current address are as follows To CITY Mr Jack Lam, AICP City Manager City of Rancho Cucamonga 10500 Civic Center Drive Rancho Cucamonga CA 91730 With Copies to Mr James Markman City Attorney Richards, Watson, & Gershon One Croic Center Circle Brea CA 92821 To Property Owner With Copies to Either Parties may change sent at any time by giving manner provided above Mr Tom Tracy Traigh Paafic/Parkwest Landscape c/o Tracy Development Company 26862 Paseo Cardero San Juan Capistrano CA 92675 its marling address or the person to whom notices are to be wntten notice of such change to the other Parties m the N. Indemnification Property Owner hereby agrees to indemnify, defend, and hold harmless the CITY and its Council members, representatives, agents, officers, attorneys, and employees (the "Indemnified Parties") from and against any third party claim, action, or proceeding against the Indemrnfied Parties to attack, set aside, void, or annul the approval of this Development Agreement, the Protect Entitlements or both IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have duly executed this Development Agreement as of the day and year first above written CITY OF RANCHO CUCAMONGA Development Agreement TRAIGH PACIFIC PROPERTIES dba TRACY DEVELOPMENT 21 Traigh Pacific Properties • By Mayor By NAME/TITLE ATTESTED TO City Clerk APPROVED AS TO FORM • City Attorney Attorney for Traigh Paafic Properties (et al ) PARKWEST LANDSCAPE By NAME/TITLE Development Agreement 22 0 ~ Traigh Pacific Properties ~~ MITIGATION MONITORING CHECKLIST Project File No.: SCH# 2003081085 Tract Development Protect Prepared by: Kent Norton -Michael Brandman Associates Applicant: Tracv Development Date: Apri128.2004 1-1 Prior to recordation of each phase, or issuance of grading permits for each phase, the applicant shall submit and obtain approval of a landscape plan that demonstrates compliance with the City of Rancho Cucamonga's Neighborhood Theme Plan in the Etiwanda North Speafic Plan, to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department 2.0 Populatbn and',4iousin9 ~~ ~.~, "~~'~"°~ CP ~ ~~~'~n , ~ ~ Pnor to recordation or issuance of grading permits for each phase ~ : ' ~., _ ~ _._ __._ Recordation or grading permit issuance ,, ._,.~_._~ ___ C, D ~ ~..__....,...~,.~~_.. 5 ~?~~_" c,.c~= fig.. ~ . , .~_.,......~..~.s~ ~ , p ~'" uwa~" ~,`~~,- None Regwred __ __ .- _ -_ _- ' :. ~~~rYVq~~'`~` 3:0 Earth Resources Y ~y& ~w~C'h}~Wni..~.S, ."~~5~ ~ -~ i`°}! ":N '?g'T.'t~"n1>m ~a3...... . - ..R ~„ ,tHG''v~~'~' vk p.r. t; n T, _ _%-°-~ m.~~^,~^~~~+'a gRm`v.i 9 ~[~ 4 ',,.~,i~k ?`~y4 ' 3-1 Prior to the issuance of bwlding permits, the developer BO 8 Pnor to bwidmg C 2 shall demonstrate that each lot is buildable 8 complies with permit issuance the recommendations and general earthwork and grading specifications found in the RMA Group Geotechnical Investigation (DEIR Appendix C) This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Bwlding Official 3-2 Prior to the issuance of grading permits and/or BO B Prior to grading C 1, 2 recordation of each phase, a detailed geologic and permit issuance geotechnical investigation shall be prepared and approved for and/or recordation the residential bwlding areas and all roads The report shall of each phase demonstrate that each lot is buldable and identity potential geologic and soil limdahons and recommend appropriate engineering and design measures to adequately protect structures and inhabitants This report shall also examine the drainage area adjacent to East Etiwanda Creek to identify potential landslide, erosion, or other slopes that could affect the residential area Subsequent foundation and other design gwdelines in these studies shall be consistent with the standards established in the RMA Group Geotechnical Investigation (DEIR Appendix C) This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Cdy Engmeer ~i • • ~ ~ s C 3.0 Earth Resources ~ ' ~~~~'~`~°' - ~ ~ . .. ~.~ ~ ~ v .. - nr ~ R ~ "~t~.C. ... C L`3.f K 5'~< ~ ~ - . . "' w, Z`,V'n - 3-3 Pnor to the issuance of grading permits and/or BO B Prwr to grading C 1 2 recordation, construction measures recommended by the permit issuance , detailed geological investigation identified in Measure 3-2 and/or recordation shall be identified on grading plans and implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer 3-4 Prior to the issuance of a grading permit for each phase , the developer shall prepare and submit a Dust Control Plan to B0 B C Prior to grading A, C 2, 4 the City that meets all applicable requirements of the permit issuance SCAOMD The Plan must be approved by the City Building for each phase and Safety Department, prior to issuance of the grading permit and demonstrate that methods are in place to assure the following a)Areas disturbed by construction activdies and/or used to store backfill materials, will be sprayed with water at least twwe a day, in the morning and afternoon, or more often if fugitive dust is observed migrating from the site b)Storage piles, which are to be left in place for more than three working days shall either be sprayed with anon-toxic soil binder or covered with plastic or revegetated until placed in use c)Tires of vehicles will be washed before the vehicle leaves I the protect site and enters a paved road d)Dirt on paved surfaces shall be removed daily to minimize ~ generation of fugdrve dust 3-5 Prior to the issuance of building permits, where cut and CP B Prior to building A 2 fill slopes are created higher than three feet, a detailed permit Issuance Landscape and Irrigation Plan shall be submitted to the City Planning Department prior to grading plan approval The plans shall be reviewed for type and density of ground cover, shrubs, and trees, and shall be consistent with the Neighborhood Theme Plan of the Etiwanda North Specific Plan This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planner 3-6 Pnor to the issuance of bwldmg permits, graded, but BO B, C Pnor to budding A, C 2, 3 undeveloped land shall be maintained weed-free and planted permit issuance with interim landscaping within ninety days of completion of grading, unless building permits are obtained This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Building Official ~~ Y i .. .. - .. ~ 3.0~'Eatt`~ti`Resources= ~ . .. ~ ~ t 19i wLG 3 ~ JNa Y~ y~~d~rt^i 3 iLY n. r ~ ~ ~yl~~kC{[T~ 3T * 3-7 Pnor to the issuance of occupancy permts, planting of CE B, C Pnor to A C 3 developed land shall comply with the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Best Management occupancy permit , Practices Construction Handbook Section 6 2 This measure issuance shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer 3-8 Prior to the issuance of building permits, all grading shall BO B, C Prior to bwiding A C 2 be conducted in conformance with the recommendations , contained within the Geotechnical Report included as DEIR permit issuance Appendix B This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer 4.0 Weter Resources , : +„ ~F < =Cr ~~°;~"°~`~t~ ~' ~ g~~ ~ ~ ~, ~ ~ R TM ~" ~s 4-1 Pnor to the issuance of a grading permd, the developer CE B Pnor to grading A C 2 shall obtain Clean W ater Act Section 401 and 404 permits (for permit tssuance , water quality certification for dredge and fill operations), if necessary, from the U S Army Corps of Engineers Copies of the same shall be provided to City Bwlding and Safety This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer 4-2 Prior to issuance of the first occupancy permit, the CE B Prior to issuance B 3 planned revetment along the East Etiwanda Channel adjacent of first occupancy to the project site shall be installed, subject to approval by the permit San Bernardino County Flood Control District and receipt of that approval to the City Engineer 4.3 Prior to the recordation of each phase or approval of a CE B Prior to the A, B, C 1, 2 grading permit, the project proponent will implement the on- recordation of and off-site drainage system improvements as outlined in the each phase or project Drainage Study (DEIR Appendix D) This includes approval of a detention faalities proposed at 24th Street (Wilson Avenue) grading permit and Etiwanda Creek or onsite, participation in the County's Etiwanda Creek fee program, and partictpation m the City of Rancho Cucamonga's Etiwanda/San Sevaine Area Drainage Poltcy program, including appropriate fair share fees Implementation of this measure is subject to review and approval by the City Engineer prior to issuance of a grading permit • 4.0 Water Resouioes~ ~~s~~s~,-r~„r'~+` , , ,,~ ~~ ~~..~~ ~a ~. -. .~yx: ~s~ ;;~~„ ... _ ,ti „, «; -. .. ; , x ~'*~ ~ ;'~", , , ~ , , 4-4 Prior to issuance of bwlding permits, the applicant shall CE B Prior to budding D 2 submit to the City Engineer for approval of a W afar duality permit issuance Management Plan (WQMP), including a protect description and identifying Best Management Practices (BMPs) that will be used on-site to reduce pollutants into the storm drain system to the maximum extent practicable The WQMP shall identify the structural and non-structural measures consistent with the Guidelines for New Development and Redevelopment adopted by the City of Rancho Cucamonga June 2000 4-5 Pnor to issuance of grading or paving permts, applicant CE B Pnor to grading or D 2 shall submit to the City Engineer a Notice of Intent (N01) to pavng permits comply with obtaining coverage under the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) General Construction Storm Water Permit from the State Water Resources Control Board Evidence that this has been obtained (i e , a copy of the Waste Dischargers Identification Number) shall be submitted to the City Engineer forcoverage underthe NPDES General Construction Permit 4-6 Pnor to the issuance of building permits, drainage and CE B Pnor to bwldmg A, C 2 flood control facilities and Improvements shall be designed permit issuance and constructed in accordance with the San Bernardino County Flood Control Distract requirements, as applicable This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the County Flood Control District and receipt of approval by the City Engineer 4-7 Pnor to issuance of a grading permd, the developer wdl CE B Pnor to grading C 2 pay the required drainage fee related to the San Bernardino permit issuance County Flood Control District Etiwanda Creek watershed This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the County Flood Control Distract and receipt of approval by the Cdy Engineer Q~ N ni Y 5.0 Transportation and Circulation ~ ~ ~~ ~ "~ ~ ~'~- "~' ~" ~~ ~ °' 3r`~ -u~;tw.~ ~,;~u~~ t <z ... ~~"s°*~ --- -. .. 5-1 Pnor to the issuance of the fast occupancy permit for the OE D Pnor to first B, D 3 protect, the following intersections are protected to be occupancy permit warranted for traffic signals by opening year issuance • Day Creek Boulevard (NS) at Banyan Avenue (EW) • Day Creek Boulevard (NS) at SR-210 West Bound Ramp (EW) • Day Creek Boulevard (NS) at SR-210 East Bound Ramp (EW) • Etiwanda Avenue (NS) at Banyan Avenue (EW) • Etiwanda Avenue (NS) at Wilson Avenue (EW) • East Avenue (NS) at Banyan Avenue (EW) The applicant shall make a fair share contnbution, as identfied in the protect traffic report, to the traffic signal mitigation program of the County of San Bernardino and/or City of Rancho Cucamonga, as appropriate This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engtneer J 5-2 Prior to the issuance of balding permits for each phase, CE C Prior to balding A, B, C 2 the protect shall incorporate bus turn-outs and/or shelters if permit tssuance required by Omni-Trans and/or the Transportation for each phase Commission The protect applicant shall consult with and ~ obtain clearance from these agencies to assure compliance with the Regional Mobility and Air Quality Management Plans Confirmation of contact and compliance with their requirements shall be provided to the City Engineer This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer 5-3 Prior to the issuance of building permits for each phase, CE g Prior to building C 2 the applicant shall pay a fair share basis for off-site permit issuance improvements as identified in the protect traffic report This for each phase measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer, including but not limited to the following • 24'" Avenue (Wilson Avenue) from Etiwanda Avenue to Day Creek, Day Creek Boulevard from 24"' (Wilson) to Highland Avenue, • 24'" (Wilson) between Etiwanda Avenue and W ardman Bullock Road, and East Avenue from south of the protect limit to 23rd Street • • • Q~ Y 5.0 Transportation and°Circulat~~` i~'on ~ ~ -~' ~ <.. gym. .. ~ &~* ~~_ ~ ,. -. ~ "az t xrsa^e~~ ' '.A .. ~,ro . ~ .. '<-« « - ., ~_. ~ ~ ~''~`"' 5-4 Pnor to the issuance of bwldmg permds for each phase, CE B Pnor to bwldmg C 2 the applicant shall pay a'Yair share" contribution towards off- permit issuance site impacts to linked roadways and intersections, as outlined for each phase in the protect traffic report The protect share of the cost has been calculated based on the proportion of the protect peak hour traffic contributed to the improvement location relative to the total new peak hour Year 2015 traffic volume The protect's fair share of identified intersection and roadway link cost is $63,818 as of the date of the traffic study This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of City Engineer, including any changes in the protect's fair share contribution due to changes in the Consumer Price Index or similar public works measures 5.5 Prior to issuance of an occupancy permit for the first CE D Prior to first A 3 residential unit, the developer shall construct East Avenue occupancy permit and Etiwanda Avenue to City standards, as outlined in the issuance protect traffic report These improvements will be made to the satisfaction of the City Engineer 5-6 Prior to the issuance of grading permits, the developer CE B Prior to grading A, D 2 shall coordinate all construction-related activities to minimize permit issuance congestion and delay on local roadways, to the satisfaction of City Engineer L~J .. 5.0 Tiarisportation and Ci`rcu a ffon + ~. ~ ~ „~~a,+~ a=~, r « -„A F ',:~ ,~ `- ,ESL„ ~ ~ j 5-7 Prwr to the issuance of grading permts, the developer z> „ µ shall submit a Dust Control Plan (DCP) to the Cdy Bmlding gD g Pnor to grading D 2 and Safety Department consistent with SCAOMD gwdeknes permd issuance The DCP shall include actwities to reduce on-site and on-site dust production This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Crty Budding Official Such activmes shall include, but are not limited to, the following a)Throughout grading and construction activities, exposed sod shall be kept moist through a minimum of twice daily watering to reduce fugitive dust b)Street sweeping shall be conducted, when visible soil accumulations occur along sde access roadways to remove dirt dropped by construction vehicles or deed mud earned oft by trucks moving dirt or bnngmg construction matenals Srte access driveways and adjacent streets will be washed if there are visible signs of any dirt track-out at the conclusion of any workday c)AIl trucks hauling dirt away from the site shall be covered to prevent the generation of fugitive dust d)Dunng high wind conddions (i a ,wind speeds exceeding 25 mph), areas with disturbed soil will be watered hourly, and activities on unpaved surfaces shall be terminated until wind speeds no longer exceed 25 mph 6.0 AIr Quality - s~ -,,, zt .~ ~i . .,<~a~2. -~ ~~i~ ~ °" A -~;~ . ~ ~ ~,t r ~',~ ; ,5:~ y 6-1 Dunng construction, all construction equpment shall be g0 C City Inspectors to A 4 maintained in good operating condition so as to reduce monitor during operational emissions Contractor shall ensure that all construction construction equipment is being properly servwed and maintained as per manufacturers' specifications Maintenance records shall be available at the construction sde for Crt venfication 6-2 Pnor to the issuance of any grading permits, developer CP B Developer to C, D 2 shall submd construction plans to Cdy denoting the proposed submd schedule and projected egwpment use Construction documentation of contractors shall provide evidence that low emission mobile compliance construction equipment will be utilized, or that their use was investigated and found to be infeasible for the project Contractors shall also conform to any construction measures City Inspectors to q 4 imposed by the South Coast Air Quality Management District monitor (SCAOMD) as well as City Planning Staff compliance n I~ V ~y1~~,~gy tiix"v'q?N .'v~2.`w~'~MAaA~ d .. .- . . . - . q- , • . .. •. -• .. - ,Irv'li+~i~~ . . . . ~,ft~i ~%M,°Pw+ :nn an coatings shall meet or ted in SCAOMD Rule 1113 BO C City Inspectors to A q lied either by hand or high monitor he satisfaction of the City compliance during painting halt shall meet or exceed >CAOMD Rule 1108 to th BO C City Inspectors to A q , e monitor compliance during paving 6-5 During grading and construction, the prime contractor shall post signs requiring that trucks shall not be left idling for BO C City Inspectors tc A q prolonged periods (i e , in excess of 10 minutes) momtor compliance during 6-6 During construction, all construction egwpment shall construction comply with SCAOMD Rules 402 and 403, to the satisfaction BO C City Inspectors to A q of the City Inspectors Additionally, contractors shall include monitor the following provisions compliance • Reestablish ground cover on the construction site during through seeding and watering, construction • Pave or apply gravel to any on-site haul roads, • Schedule activities to mmim¢e the amounts of exposed excavated soil during and after the end of work periods, • Dispose of surplus excavated material in accordance with local ordinances and use sound engmeenng practices, • Sweep streets according to a schedule established by the Cdy d silt is carved over to adjacent public thoroughfares or occurs as a result of hauling Timing may vary depending upon time of year of construction, • Suspend grading operations during high wmds (i e , wind speeds exceeding 25 mph) in accordance with Rule 403 requirements, and • Maintain a minimum 24-inch freeboard ratio on soils haul trucks or cover payloads using tarps or other swtable means nU N J • 6.0 Alr Quality _~.~.--ab. ~~,.~.- .. . - - .. -, "e* ..s"r k. ... .,Y ' ;~.~+°Ae U*. ~e - .. 0.~o..y 4. ~. 6-7 Durng grading, the site shall be treated with water or BO B City Inspectors to A D 4 other soil-stabilizing agent (approved by SCAOMD and monitor , Regional Water Quality Control Board [RWOCB]) daily to compliance reduce PMIO emissions, in accordance with SCAOMD Rule during grading 403 This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Inspectors 6-8 Chemical soil stabilizers (approved by SCAOMD and BO C City Inspectors to A 4 RWOCB) shall be applied to all inactive construction areas monitor that remain inactive for 96 hours or more to reduce PMIO compliance emissions This measure shall be implemented to the Burin g satisfaction of the City Inspectors construc tion 6-9 During construction, contractors shall utilize electnc or BO C City Inspectors to A 4 clean alternative fuel powered equipment where feasible monitor This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the compliance City Inspectors 6-10 During construction, contractors shall ensure that BO C City Inspectors to A 4 construction and grading plans include a statement that work monitor crews will shut off equipment when not In use This measure compliance shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Inspectors during construction 6-1 f Priorto approval of bulding permits, the developershall BO B Developer C 2 I demonstrate that all residential structures have incorporated submds plans for high efficiency/low polluting heating, air conddiomng, approval appliances and water heaters This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Budding Official 6-12 Prior to approval of building permits, the developershall BO B Developer C 2 demonstrate that all residential structures have incorporated submds plans for thermal pane windows and weather-stripping This measure approval shall be Implemented to the satSfaction of the Cdy Budding Official 6-13 Prior to the issuance of bulding permits, the developer CP B Developer C, D 2 shall submit and obtain approval of a plan for the provision of submits plans for adequate pedestrian and bicycle facilities for protect residents approval throughout the protect The plan shall detail the construction timing for bike racks at the two parks, sidewalks, and trails based upon completion prior to occupancy of the first unit of the subtect phase This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department 6.0 Alr duality ~ ~~ - ~ ~~ '"~~'"4° , ~t_ ti's 6 14 P .. -• t~1 ~. .. Y~v v.' i.4u%w. -. .. y nM ~ ~ ~ - - rior to the issuance of the first occupancy permit, the applicant shall make a fair share contribution to a park and CE B Developer C, D p ride tastily along the I-15 or I-10 Freeways that would serve submits proof of protect residents The fair share calculation shall be fee payment determmed to the satisfaction of Cdy Engineer The applicant shall place the appropriate funds in a special account for such purposes This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer 6-15 Prior to issuance of the first occupancy permit the CE E , applicant shall provide a bus stop/shelter at the trailhead park Developer shall B, D 3 to OmniTrans standards if so directed by OmniTrans and to construct bus , the satisfaction of the City Engineer stop/shelter if needed 7.0 BiologfcalResources ~ ~ ~ y~~=~;~~ ~~_ ~--~ ~ 7-1 If necessary, the applicant shall obtam the appropriate CP B Developer shall B D p federal Clean Water Act (CWA) Section 404 permit from the , U S Army Corps of Engineers It a permit is requred, the obtain determination applicant wdl mitigate any loss of tunsdrotional land orwetland from USACOE rf areas at a minimum 1 1 ratio, which is consistent with the permit is needed protect delineation report This measure shall be -developer shall implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning obtain if needed Department prior to the issuance of grading permits 7-2 Prior to the issuance of a grading permit, the applicant CP B Developer shall B D 2 shall obtain a CWA Section 401 Certification from the obtain , Regional Water Quality Control Board, if necessary This determination measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City from RWOCB if Planning Department prior to the issuance of grading permits permit is needed -developer shall obtain if needed 73 If necessary, the applicant shall obtain a Streambed CP B Developer shall B, D 2 Alteration Agreement (SAA) from the California Department of obtain Fish and Game If an SAA is required, the applicant will determination mtigate any loss of tunsdrotional land at a minimum 1 1 ratio from CDFBG if as recommended by the protect biology report This measure permit is needed shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning -developer shall Department prior to the issuance of grading permits obtain if needed • s ~ u • 'k".=ai4+44 y~Y,xN ...."iei~J .i,4/%s,~*$~',2Enf`Stf'tuMY ~~.` -• :jei `}is-"~.xVI~e l ~. N ,-"Sw T . -, .. 2 ~ u{+. 21 ~ ~ ~ xChi±+M1*e.n9rvT~'ei(. i% ~ rocupancy permits, all ery of the development CP D Developer shall A 3 ~y Planning staff This install regwred e satisfaction of the City landscaping cupancy permits for the ordation of each phase, requmng this measure armrt, the applicant shall CP B Developer shall B D p acgwre and convey to the County Special Distract OS-1 or prowde proof of , other appropriate conservation organization 164 acres of land CSD within or near the NEOSHPP area that supports alluvial fan establishment sage scrub and/or upland sage scrub This measure is proposed to mitigate the potential loss of habitat for sensitive plant and animal species, and the loss of raptorforaging land This offsite mitigation land (OML) shall be of equal or greater habitat value than that of the protect site The identification and transfer of OML will be to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department, in accordance with the guidelines of the NEOSHPP All reasonable efforts will be made to locate the OML within or near the NEOSHPP area This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department 7-6 Pnor to the issuance of grading permits, a protocol CP B Biologist shall D 2 gnatcatcher survey shall be conducted If any individuals or conduct protocol nesting pairs of birds are found onsite, the developer shall surveys before obtain appropriate take authorization and additional mtttgation grading land shall be added to the amount of Offsite Mitigation Land (OML) described in Measure 7-5 according to the following minimum ratios individual = 15 acres, nested pair = 30 acres If gnatcatchers are found onsite, an Incidental Take Permit would be regwred from the U S Fish & Wildlife Service either by a Section 10(a) permit or through a Section 7 Consultation with the U S Army Corps of Engineers This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department J 3 .. .. ~ -. e w *Si't P'~i~-„z'~`~r„°'~€ m. r"a,i~°'"~ -. S 6 s ~~F ' ~,~ ~y ' ~ ~ ~ . ~ _~' } " ` ` ., rr: ~'+~ilrw Y~~ ~ . . xrgc+r"y~'ygrv.a , - ng permit the devel _ i e--.. , - L^ .. a +J, s :s + ,%v S SP i ..eey, =~Za.. s T , oper for the San Bernardino to Ana wool star th CP B Biologist shall conduct protocol D p y wi in ek within 50 feet of the surveys before new northern drain grading age channel to the creek channel This survey is to venfy that these species do not occupy area to be disturbed by construction If SBKR and/or Santa Ana wooly star are found to be present, the developer shall comply with applicable U S Fish and Wildlife Service regwrements, which may include obtaining a federal Endangered Species Act Section 10(a) permit or a Section 7 Consultation through the U S Army Corps of Engineers SBKR or wooly star habitat disturbed by construction will be mi4gated at a minimum ratio of 21 subject to any subsequent USF&WS permit conditions and receipt or notification to the Crty Planning Department 7-8 If grading of the site has not occurred before February 15 CP B Biologist shall D 2 of 2005, protocol surveys for SBKR and gnatcatchers will be conduct protocol performed over the entire site, and each sprang thereafter, surveys before until grading is completed Any occupied habitat found during grading those surveys for either species will be added to the amount of offsite mitigation land required under the Draft EIR (164 acres) 7-9 The developer to prowde an appropriate contribution for CP B Developer shall B 2 the protect toward funding a local brown-headed cowbird demonstrate proof trapping program to further benefit gnatcatchers in this area of payment The amount of this contribution, and the location of the trapping program, shall be determined by the City in consultation with the California Department of Fish and Game The contnbution shall be made poor to grading, to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department m consultation with the Cairforma Department of Fish and Game 7-10 Pnorto issuance of grading permits, a qualified biologist CP B Biologist shall D 2 shall conduct a survey for nesting birds on the site Any conduct protocol occupied nest shall be avoided and separated by at least 200 surveys before feet from ground-disturbing activities Nesting areas are to be grading marked by orange construction fencng The biologist shall verify a nest has been abandoned prior to removing the fencing and commencing ground-disturbing activities in anyof these areas • `J • I1 • 8.0 Ener and Mliiera '''~ t ~'~~' 9Y ,I Resources,u4~~~'°{ ~~~, None Required -. +' ... }a -. .. ~ w~ nr ~~ '~~ Sri, ~"~s~°°= ; ~ 9-1 Prior to the issuance of grading permits, the developer CE 8 Developer shall B D 2 shall submit a plan to the Rancho Cucamonga Fire Protection submit plan for , District (RCFPD) for each phase for the proper clean up of any hazardous or toxic substance that is discovered or review and approval by released during construction The plan will regwre the RCFPD developer to properly clean-up and remove any contaminated soil or other material, restore the affected area to background conditions or to regulatory threshold levels for the contaminant(s) accidentally released or discovered, and deliver the contaminated material to an appropriate treatment, recycling, or landfill facility in accordance with the regulations for the type of contaminant accidentally released and collected for management This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the RCFPD 9-2 Each individual lot owner will be requred to maintain their BO E RCFPD to A Notice/Fine for ' side and back yards with 30 feet of irrigated'Yirewise" Zone 1 conduct annual RCFPD to perform landscaping or equivalent No buildings are to be bwlt within inspections regwred work if this setback area Swimming pools and non-combustible needed deck coverings are permissible Any remaining portion of the backyard lot will be maintained to edher Zone 1 or Zone 2 criteria depending on the lot depth This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Rancho Cucamonga Fire Protection District 9-3 Landscape and maintenance for the manufactured BO E RCFPD to A Notice/Fine for slopes common areas will be to Zone 2 criteria These areas conduct annual RCFPD to perform may be irrigated, ornamental fvewise landscaping, or planted inspections required work if with native fve resistant plants and trees Access points needed every 500 feet shall be available to perform annual maintenance This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Rancho Cucamonga Fue Protection Distnct ,J 1v1^^ V.~ - - ~= -. .. 9-4 A special fuel modification zone easement shall be BO located outside and adjacentto the northern projectboundary E RCFPD to A Nolice/Fme for wthin the electric utility corridor and on flood control district conduct annual RCFPD to perform land where all native and exotic vegetation will be treated to mspectoos requved work rf Zone 2 criteria on a strip of land 50 feet in width Also, a Fuel needed Modification Zone Easement of 75 feet in width will be created and maintained by the maintenance authority adjacent to the east side of Lot 46, Phase 4 Alternatively, the tentative tract map may be modified to allow an appropriate onsite Fuel Modification Zone along the northern boundary if the electric corridorcannot be used This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Rancho Cucamonga Fue Protection District 9-5 All residential structures within the Tract 14749 BO D RCFPD or City to A 3 development will be built with a Class A Roof Assembly, conduct including a Class A roof covering and attic or foundation ventilation louvers or ventilation openings in vertical walls inspections shall not exceed 144 square inches per opening These opening shall be covered with ~/a mch mesh corrosion- resistant metal screening or other approved material that offers equivalent protection Attic ventilation shall also comply wdh the regwrements of the Unrform Buddmg Code (U B C ) Ventilation louvers and openings may be incorporated as part of access assemblies This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Rancho Cucamonga Fire Protection District 9-6 A six-foot high solid non-combustible wall shall be CP D Developer to A 3 constructed along the entire length of the north, east and west construct property lines to minimize fire danger This measure shall be perimeter walls implemented to the satisfaction of the Crty Plamm~g Department 9-7 Prior to the issuance of the first occupancy permit, the CP D Developer to A 3 applicant shall provide signs along the community trails, prepare and including the west bank of East Etiwanda Creek, that warn install signs per residents of the potential risk of wildlife/human interactions City direction The wording, design, number, and placement of the signs shall be to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department • • ( ~o' n0 IY~,/' V' ~ . .. ~ ~ 9.0 Hazards ~,~ . ,~~+~~ b~ x a * VN'e ~ l t~ ~ ~+'~ ,'kZ-.c i.-i., ' 'iaa.~,4.3.Yn 1~y, ?I~ )tc .,IA ' 3-p h+ ~ ~e~ ;„ . , R Y 3 r pq~ _ , '~y •ti^+' 9-8 The applicant shall provide wildlife resistant trash CP D Developer shall A 3 receptacles at the parks and other public facilities to prevent provide required foraging by local wildlife The design and placement of the facilities receptacles shall be to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department 10.0 Noise ~ ;,y~-`y~~':~~~~<~~'~~ ~~;; ~~ '~ 10-1 Construction or grading noise levels shall not exceed CP C Developer shall A 4 the standards specified in Development Code Section retain noise 17 02 120-D, as measured at the property line Developer consultant to shall hire a consultant to perform weekly noise level perform requred momtonng as specified m Development Code Section monilonng 17 02 120 Monitoring at other times maybe regwred by the Planning Division Said consultant shall report then findings to the Planning Division within 24 hours, however, if noise levels exceed the above standards, then the consultant shall immediately notify the Planning Division If noise levels exceed the above standards, then construction actiwties shall be reduced m intensity to a level of compliance with above noise standards or halted 10-2 During construction, haul truck deliveries shall not take BO C City Inspectors to A 4 place between the hours of 8 00 p m and 6 30 a m on monitor weekdays, including Saturday, or at any time on Sunday or a compliance national holiday Additionally, if heavy trucks used forhauling during would exceed 100 daily tops (counting both to andfrom the construction construction site), then the developer shall prepare a noise mitigation plan denoting any construction traffic haul routes To the extent feasible, the plan shall denote haul routes that do not pass sensitive land uses or residential dwellings 1~ Y 10.0 Noise ~ .:°rx,~"u~~'~SF~g'~`Fx - n J- .. y~ k` ], ., ~+~..Rxn"m:j'Y-:..44~, -. >,a M..SS Y '4 to .. . p~~ ~5 M~'a} C'~df°'..S°L .. ,. st~~, - /aJ ~.~'~p~~,~x^:^~t>,~ 10-3 Prior to the issuance of grading and bulding permits for BO B Developer to D 2 each phase, the developer shall confum to Bulding and submit Safety in writing that all construction equipment, fixed or documentation of mobile, shall use properly operating mufflers No combustion compliance to equpment, such as pumps or generators, shall be allowed to City operate within 500 feet of any occupied residence tram 6 30 p m to 7 a m unless the egwpment is surrounded by a noise protection barrier Stationary equpment shall be placed m such a manner as emitted noise is directed away from sensitive receptors Additionally, stockpiling of vehicles and staging areas shall be located as far as practical from sensitive noise receptors as well The developer shall include thts provision and adherence to all conditions of approval as a requirement of all construction contracts for this site This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning Department 10-4 Prior to the issuance of grading and/or bwldmg permits, CP B Developer C 2 all construction staging shall be performed at least 500 feet submits plan to from occupied dwellings The location of staging areas, as City for review indicated on the grading plan, will be subject to revew and C A 4 approval by the City Planning Department City Inspectors monitor 10-5 Prior to the issuance of bulding permits for each phase, BO B Developer shall C, D 2 the developerwill document that exterior residential areas will submit proof of have exterior noise levels of less than 65 d8 CNEL, to the compliance satisfaction of the City Bwldmg and Safety Department 10-6 Prior to the issuance of occupancy permits for each BO D Developer shall D 3 phase, the developer shall document that interior living areas submit proof of have noise levels less than 45 d6 CNEL, to the satisfaction of compliance the Bulding and Safety Department 10-7 Prior to the issuance of building permits for each phase, BO D City Inspectors to A, D 2 the developer shall incorporate site designs and measures to verify compliance help reduce proposed noise levels over the long-term Residential lots with rear yards or side yards adjacent to collector streets (i a Lower Crest) shall be constructed with a 6-foot block wall along the perimeter or demonstrate with an additional noise study that ultimate traffic volumes onsite will not exceed the noise performance standards in the City Development Code to the satisfaction of the Building and Safety Department • ~ • 1, n~ nYn ) IYIn V` s ~ . ~. . .: ~ 11.0 Public Services ` _ ._ `""~~s'~r,; r>e ~•;:~>= _ r x„ ~ ~~, ~ 1=, y_„~ e ~ yiv 1 . .z .. 11-1 Prior to the issuance of building permits for each phase, BO B Developer to D 2 the developer and/or individual homebwiders shall pay all b legally established public service fees, including police, fire, su mit proof of fee payments schools, parks, and libraries to the affected public agencies as stipulated in the Development Agreement This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Cdy Budding and Safety Department 11-2 Prior to the issuance of building permits for each phase, CP B Developer to C 2 the developer and/or individual homebuilders shall comply submit plans to with all design regwrements of affected public agences such agencies for as police, fire, health, etc This measure shall be review and implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planning approval Department 11-3 Prior to the issuance of bulding permits for each phase, FC B Developer to C 2 the applicant shall obtain approval of the Fve Department with submit plans to regard to determination of adequate fire flow and installation RCFD for review of acceptable fire resistant structural materials in protect and approval buddmgs 11-4 Prior to the issuance of occupancy permits for each BO D Developer shall B 3 phase, the applicant shall pay all legally established impact submit proof of fees to the Etiwanda School District and the Chaffey Joint payment of school Union High School District in accordance with state law fees i Proof of such payment shall be submitted to City Budding and Safety Department f f-5 Prior to recordation for each phase, the developer shall CE B Developer shall D 1 post a bond in an amount to be determined by the City demonstrate Engineering Department to ensure installation and payment of bond maintenance of all public and private roads and drainage facilities necessary for each phase of the protect This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Engineer 12.0 Utilities ~ ['nom,-` ~ ~~~" v 12-1 Prior to the issuance of bulding permits for each phase, BO B Developer shall B 2 the applicant shall provide funding to the Cucamonga County demonstrate WaterDistrictforsewerservice Additionally, the Cucamonga payment County Water District will be regwred to provide funds to the Inland Empire Utilities Agency for treatment of the protect's wastewater Proof of such payment shall be submitted to the City Building and Safety Department -. -. .. ~ ~ 12.0 Utilities ~ ~ ~~ '"'~~ ~~ ~ ~~ ~ . AP! ~~~ac~e' x ~ a ~ 12-2 Prior to the issuance of grading permits, development CE B Developer shall B 2 plans shall be provided to Southern Caldornia Edison, the submit proof of Gas Company, and Verizon, as they become available in review and order to facilitate engineenng, design and construction of approval by other improvements necessary to provide electrical, natural gas, agences and telephone service to the protect site This shall be done to the satisfaction of the City Engineer 123 Prior to the issuance of bulding permits, the applicant CE B Developer shall B 2 shall apply for and obtain will-serve letters from SCE, SCGC, submit service and Verizon and place them on file with the City En ineer g letters from other agencies 12-4 Prior to the issuance of building permits, the applicant CE B Developer shall B C 2 shall comply with the guidelines provided by SCE, SCGC, and submit proof of , Verizon in regard to easement restrictions, construction review and guidelines, protection of ptpelme easements, and potential approval by other amendments to right-of-way in the areas of any existing agencies easements of these companies This shall be done to the R satisfaction of the City Engineer ~ 13.0 Aesthetics ~_ - ,~ F r. <<, •. , b:=,~ ;>~>~-~>m „'~ '~~" ~ ~ ~~~ ~ ~rx .. . ,E , ~~~ ~;,:, u ~ , _ .~ _ , 13-1 All outdoor lightng shall be submitted to the Plamm~g CP B Developer shall C 2 J Department for plan check and shall comply with the submit lighting V regwremenis of Etiwanda North Specific Plan design plans to City for guidelines and the City General Plan This measure shall be review and '~ implemented to the satisfaction of the City Planner approval 13-2 Pnor to issuance of building permits the developer shall CE B Developer shall C 2 submit construction plans for any signage assoaatedvnth the submit signage site, including entrance monuments (but excluding street plans to City for signs and traffic signs), primarily of natural appearing review and materials (i a wood and rock), consistent with the Etiwanda approval North Specific Plan design guidelines If stgns are lighted, light must be directed toward the sign rather than backlighting This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Crty Planning Department 13-3 Prior to final inspection or occupancy of each phase, the CP D City Planners to A 9 Cdy wdl evaluate the sde hghhng, including entrance hghtmg, inspect hghtmg The lighting will be adequately shielded or directed to minimrze on- and offsde impacts, to the satisfaction of the Cdy Planning Department ~ s s • .. 13 0 Aesthetic's ~ "~~'~8'~` _ k: an " Pb~ . . „ g a t =m. 13-4 Prwr to recordation Tor each phase, the developer will BO B Developer to D 1 provide the telephone numbers of persons to contact d there provde numbers are complaints about noise, odors, night-lighting, e[c from to City activities on the protect site This information should be displayed on a sign visible from the entrance to the development This measure shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the City Bwlding and Safety Department 13-5 Prior to issuance of building permits the developer will CP B Developer to C 2 prepare a detailed landscaping and wall treatment plan torthe submit landscape Phase 1 area along the "Lower West Collector," to the plans to City for satisfaction of the City Planning Department Special attention review and shall be given to the landscape treatments along EUwanda approval Avenue and East Avenue and at entrances to the protect 14.0 Cultural Resources - ..~,>- ~ - 'cr " 14-1 A qualified paleontologist shall conduct a CP B Developer to A B D 2 preconstruction field survey of the protect site The retain paleo to , , paleontologist shall submit a report of findings that will also provide specific recommendatwns regarding further mRtgahon survey site measures (i e , paleontological monitoring) that may be appropnate Where mdigation momtonng is appropnate, the program must include, but not be limited to, the following measures • Assign a paleontological monitor, trained and equipped to allow the rapid removal of fossils with minimal construction delay, to the site full-time during the interval of earth-disturbing achwhes, • Should fossils be found within an area being cleared or graded, divert earth-disturbing activities elsewhere until the monitor has completed salvage If construction personnel make the discovery, the grading contractor should immediately divert construction and notify the monitor of the find, and Submit summary report to City of Rancho Cucamonga Transfer collected specimens with a copy of the report to San Bernardino County Museum ~1 1 U 7Q .. • .. . -• . .. a.urt„~~~-,,~~~ u tural~Resources~~,-- ;~f $f ; ~,<N ~ ~ .^ ,, ~. v , ,. ~ ,9 x= .~ t-~,~, .. 14-2 It any prehistoric archaeological resources are ~~ ,y r , ~ f ~ ;, k ~ w encountered before or during grading, the developer will Cp C Developer will A 4 retain a qualified archaeologist to mondor construction retain archaeo activities, to take appropriate measures to protect or preserve mondor them for study With the assistance of the archaeologist, the City of Rancho Cucamonga will • Enact interim measures to protect undesignated sites from demohhon or sigmficant moddication without an opportunity far the City to establish its archaeological value, • Consider establishing provisions to regwre incorporation of archaeological sties wdhin new developments, using their special qualities as a theme or focal point, • Pursue educating the public about the area's archaeological heritage, • Propose mitigation measures and recommend conditions of approval to eliminate adverse protect effects on significant, important, and unique prehistoric resources, following appropriate CEQA guidelines, • Prepare a technical resources management report, documenting the inventory, evaluation, and proposed mdigahon of resources within the prolect area Submd one copy of the completed report with original illustrations, to the San Bernardino County Archaeological Information Center for permanent archmng, and • If artrfacts of Native American (NA) origin are discovered, official representatives of the NA group unit be consulted to determine the most appropriate disposdion of the amfacts, to the satisfaction of the Cdy Planning Department in agreement with County Museum and the NA rou ~e `PU 1~ .G. :- Tir 15 0 A ricultural Resources °~ ,{ "~` t `` b . ~^° R~''~jT d..~c~i. v s ~ e :~ ~-... , T. ~ ~~.°~ ~ ~- , . ' . _ o ~ ~ i ,a g . . (; _ E ~- S ., . ~ .. c g None Reqwred 16:0 Recreation ? "'`'. :,,>z} n„~~~¢io+rvr'~?9N'Pa' ~!C = ° "`a;,•~'~ ~ 'n ~~ ~ ~~""; a.`,l, +'= a;Ni,yh>; , 4 - ~ , , , „ 16-1 The applicant will submit conceptual park design and CP B Developer to C 2 landscaping plans to the City subject to the approval of the submit park plans City Planning Department to City for rewew and approval Key to Checklist Abbreviations Y DRAFT ORDINANCE NO 04- AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY OF RANCHO CUCAMONGA CALIFORNIA, APPROVING DEVELOPMENT AGREEMENT DRC2003-00411, A DEVELOPMENT AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE CITY OF RANCHO CUCAMONGA AND TRAIGH PACIFIC, FOR THE PURPOSE OF DEVELOPING AN APPROXIMATE 168 77 ACRE SITE WITH UP TO 269 RESIDENTIAL LOTS, FOR PROPERTIES GENERALLY LOCATED NORTH OF THE SCE CORRIDOR BETWEEN ETIWANDA AVENUE AND EAST AVENUE- APN 0225-083-05, 06, 07, 10, 22, 23, 25, AND 26, AND 0225-084-02 A Recitals 1 California Government Code Section 65864 now provides, in pertinent part, as follows. "The Legislature fords and declares that. a The lack of certainty in the approval of development projects can result in a waste of resources, escalate the cost of housing and other developments to the consumer, and discourage investment in and commitment to comprehensive planning, which would make maximum efficient utilization of resources at the least economic cost to the public, and b Assurance to the applicant for a development protect that upon approval of the protect, the applicant may proceed with the protect in accordance with existing pollees, rules and regulations, and subtect to conditions of approval, will strengthen the public planning process, encourage private participation in comprehensive planning, and reduce the economic costs of development " California Government Code Section 65865 provides, in pertinent part, as follows "Any city may enter into a Development Agreement with any person having a legal or egwtable interest in real property for the development of such property as provided in this article " 3 California Government Code Section 65865.2 provides, in part, as follows "A Development Agreement shall speafy the duration of the Agreement, the permitted uses of the property, the density of intensity of use, the maximum height and size of proposed bwldings, and provisions for reservation or dedication of land for public purposes The Development Agreement may include conditions, terms, restrictions, and requirements for subsequent discretionary actions, provided that such conditions, terms, restrictions, and requirements for discretionary actions shall not prevent development of the land for the uses and to the density of intensity of development set forth in the Agreement " 4 "Attached to this Ordinance, marked as Exhibit "A" and incorporated herein by this reference is proposed Development Agreement DRC2003-00411, concerning that property generally located north of the SCE corridor between Etiwanda Avenue and East Avenue, and legally described in the attached Development Agreement Hereinafter in this Ordinance, the ~a~ CITY COUNCIL ORDINANCE NO 04-" DEVELOPMENT AGREEMENT DRC2003-00751 - HENDERSON CREEK PROPERTIES, LLC • June 16, 2004 Page 2 Development Agreement attached hereto as Exhibit "A" is referred to as the "Development Agreement " 5 On June 9, 2004, the Planning Commission of the City of Rancho Cucamonga held a duly noticed public heanng concerning the Development Agreement and concluded said hearing on that date and recommended approval through adoption of its Resolution No 04-" 6 On June 16, 2004, the City Council of the City of Rancho Cucamonga conducted a duly noticed public hearing concerning the Development Agreement All legal prerequisites pnor to the adoption of this Ordinance have occurred B Ordinance NOW, THEREFORE, the City Council of the City of Rancho Cucamonga does hereby find, ' determine, and ordain as follows SECTION 1 This Councl hereby speafically finds that all of the facts set forth in the Recitals, Part A, of this Ordinance are true and correct • SECTION 2 Prior to the adoption of this Ordinance, this Council has reviewed the Final Environmental Impact Report (EIR) as certified by the City of Rancho Cucamonga as legally suffiaent for the Henderson Creek Properties development protect SECTION 3 Based upon substantial evidence presented dunng the above-referenced public hearing on June 9, 2004, including written and oral staff reports, together with public testimony, this Council hereby specifically finds as follows a The location, design, and proposed uses set forth in this Development Agreement are compatible with the character of existing development in the vicinity b This Development Agreement shall not become effective until General Plan Amendment DRC2003-00410, and Etiwanda North Specific Plan Amendment DRC2003-00409 have been reviewed and approved by the City Council SECTION 4 It is expressly found that the public necessity, general welfare, and good zoning practice regwre the approval of the Development Agreement SECTION 5 This Council hereby approves Development Agreement DRC2003-00411, attached hereto as Exhibit "A " SECTION 6 The Mayor shall sign this Ordinance and the City Clerk shall cause the same to be published within 15 days after its passage at least once in the Inland Valley Daily Bulletin, a newspaper of general circulation published in the City of Ontano, California, and circulated in the City of Rancho Cucamonga, California F _S a31 LEGAL DESCRIPTION The project rs compnsed of the seven assessor's parcels shown below and deprcted on the Assessor s Parcel Map attached as Ezhrbrt CS Assessor's Parcel No. 0225-083-26 0225-083-06 0225-083-07 0225-083-22 0225-083-23 (portron) 0225-083-23(porhon) 0225-083-10 0225-083-02 Owner • Trargh Pacrfic Trargh Pacrfic Trargh Pacrfic Trargh Pacrfic Pazkwest Landscape, Inc Trazgh Pacrfic San Bernazdrno County Flood Control Drstnct San Bernardino County Flood Control Drstnct LEGAL DESCRIPTION: A PORTION OF THE NORTH i(2 OF SECTION 21 T 1 N, R 6 W SAN BERNARDINO BASE AND MERIDIAN. BENCH MARK: • FOUND CHISELED 'X' IN THE MIDDLE OF A CONCRETE HEADWALL AT SW COR OF SUMMIT AVE. AND EAST AVE. PROJECT INFORMATION: OWNERSHIP: TAAIOH PACIFIC d PARKWEST LANDSCAPE, INC. ALL OF TR. NOS. 14748, EXCEPT LOT E, 14749-1, 14749-2, ALL OF TR. N0. 14748-3 EXCEPT LOTS 6 8 7 SAN BEANARDINO COUNTY FLOOD CONTROL DIST. LOTS 1 - 46 , B 8 C OF TA. N0. 14749-4 8 LOT E OF TR. N0. 14749 AND LOTS 6 8 7 OF TA. N0. 14749-3 • CURRENT CITY ZONING: ENSP - •CURRENT CITY GENERAL PLAN: • PROPOSED CITY ZONING: ENSP FLOOD CONTROL I RESOURCE CO • PADPOSED CITY GENERAL PLAN: CONSERVATION VERY LOW RESIDENTIAL (<2 DUTAC) VERY LOW RESIDENTIAL (<2 DUTAC) - LOW RESIDENTIAL (2-4 DUTAC) AND NSERVATION • LOW RESIDENTIAL (2-4 DUTAC} AND F ~ a 3a EXHIBIT A 1^~ ,{ • ;`~ta4:r~ ,, . E.!/2 Sec 20 & Sec, 21, T IN,~W, S.$.6.&M, ei~»ysoeo'~`r' caCO° `°~' zzs-G$ ` ~ ` ,r 06 Tax Rote Areo 3 •x, ,,.,•Ir '~ 70007, !5099, f57C1 .a) ,z al..r ue-ap na •aa..l Y~ + ~ ~ :.'~5a~i'e. "'~ f{ _ _ _ r u.. r.. ~ `1 " 'I ~ cOf/Nry J o u, uu.. ...,.,.. ~ 7 V_, na Yaz , 77 / / ~ O PL OOa 1 __._~_. ...~ .Ir ~~' 'rRA1GH »n.c o :a~a m PACIprG ~ p] '~~ 11 2 1 _-,___,-~ 71azrGN `g2AlGH -rC4tGH T'-'~--___ ______ Y]l C aG PA Gry4C 'PALI rIC 5.8 COUNT( © fc COD C> Q ~ fl • ])a14' TIMaa1 PaO~/~ lU).6 OIa J~_ ~! 1 ] ~~ ~ 1] ~'a..Vl naa~~ W•' I.J.Ia I)1 TIII.1 a raz 1 t aiJ' , nl (~ t: i ~/ a N b + /rn ~'/ ~ \ ~ ® it 49 Iln una ao uy ~ , 1L yL,ly •I (~1 i ' 1r!'^V' Vim/ \ ,il ~ /^ )/1" ~a aall rC `a ~J) Vl ~ ' i -~ ' _{tom? ~.-.~- ~i 0 3 _ I fl _ ~ ; ._~ .~I aln ... I 0 ~ ~ a;av)a ~,~ Azzezsar3 1/oD ] ~] ~ II !2 13 Rxk 229 Pc;e Cd ?•~;;i; , San 8arnoromo Caumy enin ,. EXHIBIT B F ' . M v ~ + iiv G > 3:~ . r a ~° i- F 6iliE Eel `: a „!=e i!!~! ii-tliii ~~~ ~e; ~ €e`s`s ~~ is~~EB a; iiiii ., .r 3.,. ,_ 'o_~~ ow Mv" r 1' ai _! ~: R! ,B „s ., m o m~ 6! e Op q ~ ~ F `- vv Rf KB .- oe s~~ ~~ :~ Y • • I ~ T` r • 1 • • ~ .~ ,iF ~~ p ~~~ ~ r~ tl °° !!¢ ~ 1;11; ~ ~ lain. ~o ~ i ~! Q c U~U~ I ~ c 3)fii~}~ ~A> Iii3 ~ ` ~ i li 3)3 !il ~iti!= f113i ~ ~ ~' `i 1 W i ~~~~liq 33 e V 3 1 i h ~ ~I/III; c ~stqi`'~ / ~ Pi y ~ `vF € i57ieEi3 iiieE3i ° 1 i • Jv tly I;N rI~~~'Hl ~Ij o ~1 `~ ~~ ~ ` . u, • a .. ~. h~ Zh ~. ~1 ~~ S i • na+n.~l. caun~l~ annly of 1 • ,~I .mom ~ iI~{d / ~® . Lm a Im r ~ r :ace cn [ar /rrJ~ i- ~ ~~ ~ .. .i@. yy ~ . 3L ~ ~ 1}, .S. .7L .8. i . v S 8 .{{ ~ ~ H _I g 1L n ~ ~ %% i~ ~y i ~ ~' ~ ~ g 1 Z 1L ' :^ ~Bo, _ i ~ ~ ~ 11 ~ ~' i r ~ L' 1 ~Y i ~'. 1 ~~,un~iJ ~ ~ a ly, ~_ u ~ r _ ~ j 3 ~ ` ~L ~' g X11 Z [ 1 ~ n +{ Lm F s. x ,a I I ~~ ~ ~ I ~ ® ~ ® Pl1VIYffit l.1{4rA ~ -1 ^ d L U v ~'" M "'a ~ ~"~" E xhihit 1B Im r ~ paum r+CO '.°.'~ ~ a0.Gr GO [11 / raJ ~R I 1 At r a ~~ f L[pw\~\\\\l\\\\N`\`\epn ~ i ~uwax a.n ~ ® e .~,~~ T 1 Y I m,- .,.. _i,.~ .., . ,...~....,.,...,.. r~~--T-[-~ , ~ enuur rou.lrm~ Iew~~aa~R i _ ~~~ _ . ~ ~b~a ~° ~` r ' ~. F _ ~ .8~~ L~ __° ` ~~~' race cn [~r / n) .~ •a Lor z 1 @aIIMUG Iatml ~e °+ ~ ~ 4 -T- ,, for z L~, ~ 0. 6 C F C 0. vrNm uw "~ . frr / raj .~ 3'E~7Z.~e i ' ~ _~==" CONCEPTUAL GRADING PLAN _ ~~=<~ n~ IIM °° - TENTATIVE TRACT NO 14749 our rua ,•,•I ~~'_ =q CRY OF MNCHO NCaMONO,\ G\LtFVAN1A ._. ;~~~x o.m.a,,,~ ~1 ~;.~- ~J ~~W ~i n~llil n 'd ~ ~^ If ~ ~'' ~b ~~€ ~~~~az s'iiFa~s~ € i~a~i ~~~3dd ~l~E3~~ ~~3~a~ i iY~a3d 51i~~°eS3i5 ~~~33 ®o gig EPo® ~! C A d m d A ~ Q ~ U ~ o C o` °~ o W ~ ...~ ~* E ~ o _ W o z d ~ ~ p m ~ O d ~' > ~ -~ C `o o O ~ C ~` C LC 1- U H 9..~ J SLOPE TREES. - SEE DETAIL RANDOM MASSES ON SLOPE ~ h ~~~ . . e r'' p R` - Y' ti ~lerA nh ~sr'` ~ 5 a P• J r ~ ..,r. `~ PROPERTY LINE - WALLJVIEWFENCE ~rNM~ ~ LOW SHRUBS - ~_ . ~ ,+ ~^ ~ w il4~ ~~ /~ ~ y' !ff!! r < , ~~ ~ ~ ~ . ~ 7Y G~ e' TYPICAL SLOPE PLANTING SECTION NOT TO SCALE ,~~~a~r z ~. LOT IRREGULAR VISUAL PLANE ALONG SLOPE WITH VARYING GROWTH HABITS ~ ?: ~ ~ y ~ 21 ~ 22 ~ 23 - 24 25 126 ~~ PARK ~~ fs rom>° ..~~$ ~m ~ m ~wme ~wmv mmr ( _ wr_a ~,~,:,rmrmr,w~. ~.~..~ 71 AfFE5 _ w __ __ _ ~ ~ 1 -m a ~ m s LO , i _~- _- __~ _ ____~_ r------ - -~ , SICHi ur+~' ~ \ I `~ ® \ EWESi TRAR i 6 ~ . ~ # ~ `~ LOT 'Z' ao~ I ~ (REMAINDER PARCEL `s I \JDIN E%IS7 STORM DRAIN CL~C4ER7 ~ a ~ S. B C. F. C. D. - -~ ` -- cal ~ ' p' ~' ~onatrect East Ave offtract to 2'+rd ctr t or to V' I connect to a street section of at least that wht h i~shown on Exhihlt 3H, whichever occurs first- EYhihit 3A ~, - - i ~~ R/W 66' R/W 12' 11' 22' ti 22' 11' TRAIL ESM7 FUTURE 17' 17' ~ FUTURE EXIST GRND EAST AVENUE -T1 U RJ -r' EXIST GRND .~ ..m ~eN she ,a° ~ .w+ 6 ~ `~/ \~ ~ l n ,~ =~ ~~ mm 14 me 6 ~3~ 8 a sxs 9s'w:s 10 sas 11 was 1 12 ~ ~=s 15 ~~ »~• 14`+ xis 13'°»_a A ,d' \~\ ~ LOT 'F' ~ PARK ~i saes 8 9~~~ 11 »6•~»5• 1 +.•`c 2"~ I~'19f ~~~~~c: ~`4! 56 '~~ r" JJ, 55 K~c ~/" m~er ~®~D4G9~P~C~ e w'~:l »'~s I s s • R/W ~1 ~-~ - EXIST GRND 12' EX 12" DOM WATER 88' 32' I~ ETIWANDA AVENUE FROM LOWER CREST S'LY 20' EQUEST /HIKING TRAlL R/W 8' 32' 12' EgUEST ~-- ESIdT 5' I ,~1 BIKE LANE 28't I EX 12" RAW WATER {~ Yiv~f7. N G ~.s .~ ' .. 3 1 ~~` 32 ; ~~ ~q~ 35 3 47 ~ ~ ~;~s ~ ~s ~N m ~ w cos 42 4 ~ ~,d; e gv io~iSS ~ tl " 'p 5 rii w. ° .: 36 y 4 46 , n ~ ~ 37 1 5 45 31 k 30 s 29 28 ~ ~ ~ ~ r ~'o rmms ~ °aa` L 1q ~°$Yi~°1~ w~®: A '^•,mr w,a. rwmv vs ~mr wvwr rro wvr ~ ~~ ~~ ~ 38 16 n ~ f~t~s _ ~~~~ s ' ~ „ ,~ 39 17 ~8 19 § ~0 21 22 23 24 25 26 ~¢"~ wa~amioa ~~s ~nia ~ _ rwie®s wa~rr a~~~ n®r wmsv h wlews wimr wmm _ ~ is nnv wnor wrens rw lwly w~oog ,8.~0 1815 ,j~DG~O~G ~ n¢ ,+~° ~\ doe ~,~ `~ v~ ;~' -, _----- `\~ 1 aro dY F~ i~ 9_ Or 'E' PARK > 71 ACRES Exhibit 5B .T° nor 'z ,~.. (REMAINDER PARCEL) S. B. C. F. C. D. ~ .~~ W ~ 2 W Q F W • 12' TRAIL ESM T EXIST. GRND t t' ss' 22' I~ EAST AVENUE "T7 Q~ UJ 22' 17' a/w EXIST. GRND • 1 1 nn1 ~L/1.''J''' 'b` 51 50 of 29 5 - Oi atr bOS ~ 4 15 a ~ di 17 afr 19 20 bai 2d 13 u 17 10 /9 ' d7 aff Oat 28 aal 17 iB baf bat calf {1f aaf f1 dfr A/ fI Itl V s 4J Aaf ba 1B aai ~ e4 of I 46 45 bar 40 18 bas 6 7 10 if 11 iJ 17 ~p ° "" tat b~{ J u aa 1 4 bf 9 ass bo 14 of afr ~Wr 36 18 asi : r na{ y afr Air aw afr ai{ ~ s7 f1 r 38 ba 24 tz bw t 39 35 sf 25 aaf 13 fr aai afr 16 aai f! 6 B 5 d J 1 ass .7 23 5 ba{ bai afr a { CC[ Off aif aai aai aaf f 33 .~ 2 3 an afr I afi 22 av 2 asf ~ p aai 1f f 1 n 1 L O T~ ~ aai 20 f aff 19 6 30 J1 8 6 6 6 d 3 1 aft i „ 1 31 afr f9 fi 32 i6 m 1 26 27 fr bf v aw afr m. ~ as • er bat n afi aai LO ~9~ f ass ans n ar 2 afs 24 ^r fr 16 3 aas 13 wr 36 as afr d7 10 39 37 Caf ~ 11 fr 6 atr 2 d3 3 afr aft • baf 39 Oat 1 afi 6 of 1/ w aw 48 1f afi A r 8 f TO a afr ^{ a/ a ff 9 19 f a{ avf 48 fi IO as 17 iB s f 1 a r S o f a r • f a afi a r ~ J9 3a ar. baf i • 12 R 5 3 h y a o as bif ff Aar i6 Car 11 B d a afr ^ aft ^ r f{ sI! 9 afr i afi d 3 . wf 10 n J • r ^ fi t afi a Rr ~ 29r 21 11 ff asr 1 5 5 Jf 30 29 a a fi 11 rM 4 afi q / a i aw aar aw aw air efr 7 afr 36 tfi ~ afi 6 5 a r ' a afi wr ~ bii aai 56 65 0 JB f7 i 19 !0 21 72 23 24 25 18 ~~ LOT 'F 5rii af r Iaft Rf i afr afl aft afr afi aft aai . I ARK m { J ~ I I ~' I a ®a ® ~C173T}7E9K f:rJ.1FCAWRT j@ISfS.N CCA A ~ I ~ 3 ~ `` C onstr~e t Lo wer G rest Golleetor I ,~ `~ per E=hlhi t 6 B c s ~ ' ~ W Z EJChihit 6A a / , i/1 //~`-- `~ ~~ L • ! ~ R/W 66' TI S'LY PL t~ I~ V ' SCE CORRIDOR i t' 22' ~ 22' LOWER CREST COLLECTOR FROM E7IWANDA AVE 70 900'f E'LY VARIES (66' MIN ) 11' R/W R/W i ' VARIES 22' ~ 22' ~PRiES LOWER CREST COLLECTOR FROM 900't E'LY OF ETIWANDA AVE TO EAST AVE. 11' SOU96MdIiOBN'1 HMON CO FUTl1PE I ~ pyBRFLOW PABpNG I , ~ ~ r-r- - LOT'E' and 'Z' EQUESTRIAN CENTER and PARKING DECOMPOSED GMNfTE PARgNG BURH~ Preiminary Equestt'ian Canter' a~ Traiiiead Parkin] Lot SiiM Plan MJSDesign Group .~ Landscape Archdedure + Planning + Design ~I~ ~- ~ a 4 ~ 2817 LaFayeee Newport Beetle. G 92853 (9W) 875-J9N Fes 19x9) 575-937< rt4sEmip~H^r+P ~°~^ LOT T PARKING RECAP mesvra •~e~m rtseoeo~issvue ~^ nein..~.suuwoesnw n Eznn~a.c.axapa~r) + (ix) ixzir ovrvooa~ sruu INFdU'NTION p09CviM 7gNL MAP Development Agreement DRC2003-00411 Equestrlan Center Design Amenities . General Descnption The Equestrlan Facility as proposed would consist of a large enclosed arena (100 feet by 250 feel) Two covered round pens would be located one on each end for exercising animals and teaching some lessons Bleacher seats for up to 50 persons would be needed for spectators There would be 10 -12 barn stalls to house Program horses Special Event parking (up to 12 such events per year) would include 20 Trailer and 50 passenger car spaces to be located on a graded but unimproved area on adjacent to the south SBCFCD (fee owned)/ SCE (easement) Utility Corridor Area Other items would include snack bar, office, community meeting room, and care taker apartment within [he main Barn Structure The Arena would be used for riders, shows, clinics and seminars This area would be equipped with lights and bells for the disabled A hydraulic lift would be available for those in wheel chairs or others in need of assistance with mounting and dismounting The living quarters would be used as a Care Taker residence for someone (possibly a student needing experience or an internship) to care for the animals and property The following detail list constitutes the desired and not final amenities and will be modified based upon budget considerations during the design phase 1 Indoor and outdoor dust control 2 Indoor Fly control system 3 Concrete floors on indoor bam and aisle with rubber mats/egatile 4 Indoor Bam Stalls equipped with Dutch type doors 5 Ventilation - Cooling/Heating System for Bam complex (meets applicable UBC) 6 Automatic Fire and Burglar Alarm System 7 Closed arcmt (B8W) N momtonng system 8 Lighting both inside and out (outside area minimum 1 candle foot security requirement of the City) g 270 V electrical connection for ceramic kiln for Ad Therapy Program 10 Data and Cable N wired to Office and Care Taker Unit 17 Telephones in Bam Aisle, Office and Care Taker Unit i2 Out door drop oft area and vehicle circulation for both disabled and Horse Trailers 13 On site Staff and Visitor Parking - 6 Spaces 14 Automatic Waters both inside and outside for each stall and 1 in the center aisle with individual and independent shut off valves 15 Manure container enclosure with weekly pick up 16 Signage 17 Inside and outside PA system 18 2 Round Pens with covers 19 Vehicle security gates for driveway connections 20 12 outdoor horse stalls with covers and enclosures on three sides for visitors 21 Limited (250 Sq ft max) accent landscaped and irrigated planter at building entrance 22 Perimeter landscaping shall be included within street and trail right of way and maintained by the LMD 23 Arena Footing will consist of a minimum 6" gravel base, 4" arena Sand, and 2" of pine shavings or material may be considered during the design phase ° Exhibit 7 B F-S au'~ U N W DECOMPOSED GBANI7E PABI(ING Prelminary EquestrNan Cellar and Trallhead Parking Lot Sight Phel Gty of Rancho Cucamonga, CA -~INNDICAP ACCESSIBLE P61P001 VAN ACESSIBLE HANDICAP PARgNG (CONCBEfE) MJSDesign Group Landscape Architecture + planning + Design Cannery Village 2817 Lefeye8e NewpoN Beech, CA 82863 (BBB) B75AB84 Fax (B4B) 875-9874 m(eEeviBrgmup com EXHIBIT 7C LOT'F' TRAIL HEAD PARKING +~nttrD of ~uperuisnrs Lnunfg of Sttn +.~ernttr~iun .Q -<DIIMt S•!\ prRry•RDIM /~~I1 June 9, 2004 Planning Commisslon City of Rancho Cucamonga 10500 Clvlc Center Drive Rancho Cucamonga, CA 91730 Dear Planning Commisslon, rAUL.sratvE SUPERVISOR SECOND DISTRICT I am writing to support the Tracey Development protect in the Northern Etlwanda Area near Etlwanda Avenue and Day Creek Boulevard I believe this protect would be a great asset for the City of Rancho Cucamonga, as it well make the North Etlwanda Preserve user friendly to the citizens of Rancho Cucamonga and the surrounding communities The trailhead park will include larger parking stalls for buses to park for school field trips, as well as general parking, there will be excellent park facilities, and a nice picnic area for our citizens to entoy As you may know, I recently fought to secure $350,000 from Proposition 12 funds, and these dollars will be used to build a kiosk at the trailhead and maintain the trail system I strongly urge the Planning Commission and the City of Rancho Cucamonga to approve Tracey Development's protect Please feel free to contact my Field Representative, Mr Tim Johnson, or me at (909) 945-4297 if you have any questions, or wish to discuss the matte) Thank you for your time and consideration regarding the approval of this protect Warmest regards, ~~~~ PAUL BIANE Second District Supervisor 'J San Bcrnardmo County Government Center • 385 Narth ArrowheadAvenue, FdthFloor • San Bernardma, CA 92415-0110 • (909) 387-0833 • Faz (909) 387-3265 Rancho Cucamonga Dlstnct OOice Foothill Commumoes Law andlusuce Center 8303 HavenAvcnue Rancho Cucamonga,CA 91730 (909)945-4297 Fax (909)945-0037 R 9 ~~- ~~ Land Protection Partners .F ~, P O Box 24020, Los Angeles, CA 90024-0020 r ~ Telephone (310)276-2306 June 9, 2004 Planning Commission City of Rancho Cucamonga 10500 Ctvtc Center Drrve Rancho Cucamonga, CA 91729-0807 Re: Traiglr Pacific Draft Environmental Impact Report and Related Discretionary Actions City Nos. DRC2003-0409 through DRC2003-0411, and SUBTT147~~State Clearinghouse No. 2003-81-85 Dear Commissioners The following comments are provided at the request of attorney Craig A Sherman on behalf of the nonprofit and environmental conservation organizations Spirit of the Sage Council and The Habitat Trust for Wildlife (collectively "Sage Council") Land Protection Partners specializes m the review of environmental documentation for consistency with the best available science and current standards and practices in environmental assessment Please see enclosed CV for qualifications This letter elaborates on concerns raised by the Sage Council in its previous communications, as well as noting additional areas of concern about the biological impacts of the proposed protect 1. Biological Impacts of Fuel Modification The EIR and associated documents prescribe a fuel modification plan that extends beyond the boundaries of the protect property Fuel modification of natural lands causes adverse ecological Impacts, which should be disclosed m the EIR and for which mitigation is necessary The pathways of such impacts are many, and a scientific paper summarizing these mtpacts is attached ~ The type of disturbance associated with fire clearance m the Zone 2 areas described m the EIR promotes the invasion of plant speotes already associated with residential development Alien 1 Longcore, T 2003 Ecological effects of fuel modification on arthropods and other wildlife m an urbanizing wildland Pp 1 1 1-1 l7 m K E M Galley, R C Klinger, and N G Sugihara (eds) Proceedrngs of Fine Conference 2000 The Fvs! Na(ional Fire Congress on Ftre Ecology, Prevention, and Managemen! Miscellaneous Publication No l3, Tall Timbers Research Station, Tallahassee, Florida ~~~ City of Rancho Cucamonga Page 2 plant species found m southern California wildlands are largely associated with disturbed areas, mcludmg cleared areas z This relationship between mvasive exotics and disturbance is found throughout California and m other Mediterranean regions s The understories of areas subject to fuel modification are rapidly dominated by mvasive exotic grasses and fortis, which, incidentally, increases fire frequency Keeley wastes Prefire fuel manipulations such as fuel breaks produce conditions that favor weedy aliens and thus act to increase the alien presence, increase the movement of aliens into wildlands, and increase seed sources capable of invading after fire ° As discussed extensively elsewheres mvasive plant species can profoundly affect ecosystem structure and function by modifying fire regimes, nutrient cycling, and erosion patterns As fuel modification increases the disturbed area across the landscape, mvasive species, aided by ongoing disturbance and irngation, will continue to invade adjacent native habitats Fuel modification activities also disrupt native arthropod communities, mcludmg relationships such as seed dispersal mutualisms 6 Fuel modification usually requires the introduction of a permanent water source m the form of an "irrigated zone" surrounding structures This irrigated zone, along with disturbance of clearance, promotes the invasion of ahen insect species, such as the Argentine ant, into native habitats The deleterious effect of Argentine ants on native arthropods is well documented, with numerous studies reporting a decrease in arthropod diversity as Argentine ant abundance increases ~ Fuel modification increases the abundance of 2 Rundel, P W 2000 Alren species m the Bora and vegetation of [he Santa Monica Mountains, Cahfomia patterns, processes, and management implications Pp I45-152 rn 1 E Keeley, M Baer-Keeley and C ] Fothenngham (eds) 2nd interface between ecology and land development m Cnlrjornra U S Geological Survey, Sacramento, Caltfomia 3 Ko[anen, P M 1997 Effects of experimental soil disturbance on revegetahon by natives and exotics m coastal Californian meadows Journal ojApplred Ecology 34(3) 631-644 Rundel, P W 1998 Landscape disturbance in Mediterranean-type ecosystems, an overview Pp 3-22 to Rundel, P W , G Montenegro, and F Jaksic (eds ) Landscape drsturbance and brodrverstty rn Medrterranean-type ecosystems Sprenger Verlag, Berlin 4 Keeley, J E 2002 Ftre and mvasive species m Mediterranean-climate ecosystems of California Pp 81-94 rn Galley, K E M , and T P Wilson (eds) Proceedings ojthe rnvasrve specres workshop the role ojfire m the control and spread of rnvasrve specres Frre conference 2000 the fast natronal congress on fire ecology, prevention and management Miscellaneous Publication No 11 Tall Timbers Research Station, Tallahassee, Florida 5 Mooney, H A , S P Hamburg, and J A Drake 1986 The invasions ~of plants and animals into California Pp 250-272 rn Mooney, H A , and J A Drake (eds) Ecology of brologrco! rvasrons of North A»rerrca and Howan Sprenger Verlag, New York Mmnich, R A , and R J Dezzam 1998 Historical decline of coastal sage scrub m the Riverside-Perris Plain, California Western Brrds 29(4) 366-391 Rundel, P W 1998 Landscape disturbance m Mediterranean-type ecosystems, an overview Pp 3-22 rn Rundel, P W , G Montenegro, and F 7aksic (eds) Landscape drsturbance and brodrversny rn Medrterranean-type ecosystems Springer Verlag, Berlin 6 Christian, C 2001 Consequences of a biological invasion reveal the importance of mu[uahsm for plan[ communities Nature 413 635-639 7 Cole, F R , A C Medeiros, L L Loope, and W W Zuehlke 1992 Effects of the Argentine an[ on arthropod fauna for Hawauan high-elevation shrubland Ecology 73(4)1313-1322 Erickson, J M 1971 The displacement of native ant species by the introduced Argentine ant lndomyrmex humrlrs (Mayr) Psyche 78 257-266 Holway, D A 1998 Effect of Argentine ant invasions on ground-dwelling arthropods m northern California riparian woodlands Oecologra 116(1-2) 252-258 Human, K G , and D M Gordon 1996 Exploitation and interference competition between the mvasive Argentine an[, LmepUhema humrle, and native City of Rancho Cucamonga Page 3 Argentine ants by providing two conditions that increase invasion a water source,$ and increased disturbance 9 Argentine ants invade far beyond the water sources and into surrounding undisturbed habitats, with increased abundance documented to a distance of up to 650 feet 10 Community level analysis indicates that arthropod species composition will change and overall diversity will decrease when habitats are subjected to fuel modification Disturbed coastal sage scrub sites have fewer arthropod predator species such as scorpions and trap-door spiders, and are dominated by exotic arthropods such as Argentine ants, European earwigs (Forficula aurtculana), pillbugs and sowbugs (Armadtlkdtum vulgare and Porcelho sp ), and the sowbug killer (Dysdera crocata) ii These changes m arthropod species diversity will have resonating impacts on vertebrates that use arthropods as prey species Suarez et al show that coast horned lizards (Phrynosoma coronatum) prefer native ants (Pogonomyrmex and Messor sp~) as their food source and suffer when these species are eliminated by invading Argentine ants i 2. Hydrologrcal Function and Soil Stability Several aspects of the project could adversely impact hydrological function m nearby wildlands The project would introduce many new human residents to use trails, both on foot and horseback This increased usage may reduce shrub cover as new trails are cut (either sanctioned or unsanchoned) and as old trails are more heavily used Furthermore, the fuel modification plan would result m the removal of an undisclosed number of acres of native vegetation on adjacent properties There are two main benefits of native vegetation to hydrological function and soil stability The first benefit is that of dampening and lengthening the peak of stormwater following precipitation First, vegetation intercepts water on leaves, which results m greater evaporation Second, vegetation physically slows the runoff of water across the soil surface, allowing greater soil infiltration The result is less runoff overall and lower peak flood levels, compared to denuded areas (or areas cleared for fuel modification) ant species Oecologta 105(3) 405-412 Human, K G , and D M Gordon 1997 Effects of Argentine ants on invertebrate bwdtverstty m Northern Cahfomta Conservation Bto[ogy 11(5) 1242-1248 Kennedy, T A 1998 Patterns of an mvaston by Argentine ants (Lineptthema humt[e) m a riparian comdor and its effects on ant diversity American Mtdland Naturalist 140(2) 343-350 8 Holway, D A 1998 Factors governing rate of mvaston a natural experiment using Argentine ants Oecologea 115(1-2) 206-212 Human, K G , S Weiss, A Weiss, B Sandler, and D M Gordon 1998 Effects of abtotic factors on the distribution and acrivity of the invasive Argentine ant (Hymenoptera Formtctdae) Environmental Entomology 27(4) 822-833 9 Human, K G , S Weiss, A Weiss, B Sandler, and D M Gordon 1998 Effects of abtotte factors on the dtstnbullon and activity of the invasive Argentine ant (Hymenoptera Formtcidae) Environmental Entomology 27(4) 822-833 10 Suarez, A V , D T Bolger, and T J Case 1998 Effects of fragmentauon and invasion on native ant communities on coastal southern Cahfomta Ecology 79(6) 2041-2056 11 Longcore, T 2003 Terrestrial arthropods as indicators of restoration success m coastal sage scrub Restoration Ecology 11(4) 397-409 12 Suarez, A V , J Q Richmond, and T J Case 2000 Prey selection m horned lizards following the invasion of Argentine ants m southern Cahfomia Ecological Applaeanons 10(3) 711-725 City of Rancho Cucamonga Page 4 Table 1. Soil erosion as a function of 24-hour precipitation and chaparral age.13 Erosion ( d /acre at maximum 24-hour rect nation of Years Since Ftre 2 inches 5 inches 11 inches ] 5 20 180 4 1 12 140 17 0 1 28 50+ 0 0 3 Of the two shrubland vegetation types, chaparral is more effictent at controlling eroston, because of the thick cover formed by the vegetatton and the deep roots of the shrubs Hellmers documented the deep root systems of chaparral plants, finding root systems extending through the upper soil and into cracks m the bedrock below to In this way, chaparral literally holds hillsides down and prevents them from slipping In studies, only 2 5% of the area covered by chaparral ex~enenced downslope slippage, less than half of the area covered by annual grasses that slipped 5 The eroston reduction capability of chaparral is directly related to lime since fire Immediately following fire, eroston can be substantial, but as the chaparral matures again, eroston rapidly decreases (Table 1) For mature chaparral, the most severe storms result to only minimal soil eroston Coastal sage scrub (including alluvial fan sage scrub) is somewhat less effictent at controlling eroston, but nevertheless its plants have deeper and more extensive root systems than annual grasses As a whole, shrubland root systems have deeper and denser roots than plants from almost any other habttat,16 and therefore play a special role to the ecosystem to the conservation of soil and maintenance of water quality The proposed pro)ect would reduce the total cover of shrubs off site, and promote a transition to more herbaceous vegetatton, resulting to adverse tmpacts from eroston and stotmwater runoff 3. Impacts to Sensitive Bird Species The EIR does not adequately describe or propose mitigation for tmpacts of the proposed protect on sensrtrve bird spectes The negative effect of urbanization on bird communities is well known and documented,[' and the effect on raptors is often more profound because they require large l3 Kittredge, 1 1973 Forest influences -the effects ojwoody vegetation on clemate, water, and sad Dover Pubhcahons,New York 394 pp 14 Hellmers, H , J S Horton, G Juhren, and J O'Keefe 1955 Roo[ systems of some chaparral plants to sou[hem California Ecology 36(4) 667-678 See also Kummerow, 1 , D Krause, and W Jow 1977 Root systems of chaparral shrubs Oecologta 29 163-177 15 Radtke, K 1983 Ltvmg more safely to the chaparral-urban interface General Technical Report PSW-67 U S Department of Agnculture, Forest Sernce, PactSc Southwest Research S[ahon, Berkeley, California 51 pp 16 Jackson, R B, J Canadell, J R Ehlermger, H A Mooney, O E Sala, and E D Schulze 1996 A global analysts of root dtstnbunons (or [errestnal biomes Oecologta 108(3) 389-41 l Canadell, J , R B Jackson, J R Ehlermger, H A Mooney, O E Sala, and E D Schulze 1996 Maximum rooting depth of vegetatwn types at the global scale Oecologia 108(4) 583-594 l7 Emlen, J T 1974 An urban bud community m Tucson, Anzona derivation, structure, regulation Condor 76 184-197, Besstnger, S R , and D R Osborne 1982 Effects of urbantzattom on avian community organization Condor 84 75-83, Blair, R B 1996 Land use and avian spectes diversity along an urban gradient Eco[ogtcal Apptrcattons 6 506-519, Soule, M E, D T Bolger, A C Alberts, R SauvaJot, J Wnght, M Sortce City of Rancho Cucamonga Page 5 areas to hunt and are disturbed by human activity near their nests ~$ For example, a recent study compared the nesting success and sources of mortality For Cooper's Hawks m urban and narive habitats m Arizona (this species of concern is expected at the project site) This study revealed that nestling mortality was significantly greater m urban nests (50 3%) compared to native habitats (4 9%) I9 The increased nestling mortality was caused by trichomomasis, a drsease carried by doves, which are a predominant food source for Cooper's Hawks in urban areas Urban areas also had a higher overall rate of nest failure (zero chicks fledged) Death of adult Cooper's Hawks m urban areas resulted largely from collision with cars and windows (69%), while direct human action (9%) and fertilizer poisoning (7%) also killed adults m urban areas So although Cooper's Hawks do nest in urban areas, the authors of the study suggest that urban areas function as "ecological traps," areas that serve as sinks for the local hawk population This means that the population of the urban area is not self-sustaining, but instead relies on Immigration from surrounding areas, to the detriment of the species overall In light of this research, the EIR must consider these adverse impacts on Cooper's Hawk because the protect would modify the environment to include those characteristics shown to negatively impact populations (disease vectors, humans, windows, cars, and fertilizer) The EIR must also consider the impacts on native birds from increased trail use from the additional residents of the property and facilitated by development of a trailhead for recreational use 20 4. Impacts of Noise on Sensitive Species The noise analysis does not employ the generally accepted techniques needed to describe the impacts of noise on wildlife and other sensitive receptors Current technology allows for production of a map that shows sound level contours throughout a protect site, and allows comparison of pre- and post-development sound levels This analysis can be completed by a professional sound engineer employing commercially available, widely used sound level prediction software that takes into account site topography, building shape and size, and location of noise sources (mcludmg construction egmpment, bells, playgrounds, roads, loading docks, etc) Several software packages are available, mcludmg NoiseMap 2000, Cadna/A, LIMA, and SoundPLAN, all of which incorporate three-dimensional georeferenced site plans with automated sound propagation calculations to produce maps of sound levels (Figure 1) and S Hill 1988 Reconstructed dynamics of rapid extinction of chaparral requiting birds m urban habitat islands Conservation Biology 2 75-92 18 Richardson, C T , and C K Miller 1997 Recommendations for protecting raptors from human disturbance a review Wildlife Society Bulletin 25 634-638 19 Boal, C W , and R W Mannan 1999 Comparative breeding ecology of Cooper's Hawk m urban and exurban areas of southeastern Arizona Journal of Wildlife Management 63(t) 77-84 20 See Boyle, S A , and F B Samson 1985 Effects of nonconsumptrve recreation on wildlife a review Wildlife Society Bulletin 13 110-116 City of Rancho Cucamonga Page 6 Figure 1. Sample map of noise levels from multiple sources, calculated from three dimensional topographic and building data, multiple sound generation sources, and sound propagation laws by the software package Cadna/A. Full description of the noise created by the project both on and off site is necessary to assess the potential impacts to sensitive wildlife species, especially birds Norse disrupts the normal activity patterns of many animals, especially those that depend on aural communication Birds are especially vulnerable to noise, given the importance of bird vocalizations to reproductive behaviors such as territory defense and mate attraction The effects of noise on birds has been researched mostly through investigation of traffic noise from roads The response of birds to noise follows a "threshold" model Breeding bird densities show no decrease up to a threshold sound level As sound increases beyond the threshold, density is decreased (i e the habitat is degraded) In areas above the threshold, density may be reduced by 30% to 100%, which is known as the "decrease factor " Together the threshold and decrease factor for each species describe the reduction i^ breeding density that results from noise For birds in deciduous woodlands, the average threshold value is 42-52 dB(A) zi The threshold is lower when population densities are lower, meaning that rare species are more susceptible to noise effects than are common ones 22 Some species have 21 Regnen, R , R Foppen, C ter Braak, and J Thissen 1995 The effects of car traffic on breeding bird populations m woodland III Reduction of density m relation to the proximity of main roads Journal ojAppAed Ecology 32 187-202 Regnen, R , R Foppen, and H Meeuwsen 1996 The effects of traffic on [he density of breeding birds m Dutch agncultural grasslands Biological Conservation 75 255-260 22 Regnen, R, and R Foppen 1995 The effects of car traffic on breeding bird populations m woodland IV Influence of population size on [he reduction of density close to a highway Journal ojAppGed Ecology 32 481-491 Crty of Rancho Cucamonga Page 7 thresholds as low as 36 dB(A), and others as high as 58 dB(A) Significant effects from noise are found across most bird families and m most species Of the 45 spectes investigated m woodland, 33 showed significantly lower breeding density m response to Horse, as did 7 of 12 investigated in grassland Furthermore, areas of depressed breeding density act as population sinks m example spectes z3 Birds may be attracted to the otherwise suitable structural characteristics of a habitat, but experience reproductive success below replacement levels, decreasing population size for the species over time Noise from the project, from construction of the project, and from traffic increased by the project should be analyzed for its impact on sensitive wildlife species 5. Free-roaming Cats ' The proposed project will increase the number of free-roaming cats that have access to native wildlife within the project site and in the adjacent natural area Cats are efficient predators, even when well fed,24 and would have a significant adverse impact on native bird, reptile, amphibian, and small mammal communities Increased abundance of cats will radically decrease the potential for sensitive bird species to survive m sensitive habitats adjacent to protect sites In Kevin Crooks' study of residents surrounding a natural habitat fragment m San Diego,25 32% owned cats (1 7 per owner on average), 77% of cat owners let their cats outside, and 84% of outdoor cats brought prey back to their human companions Each year, the average outdoor hunting cat returned 24 rodents (67% native species), 15 birds (95% native), and 17 lizards (100% native) to the home These numbers represent underestimates of the total number of animals killed because some prey is not returned to the home Notwithstanding the proposed wall that would surround the new development, many cats from the homes there would have access to native wildlife, with adverse consequences The EIR should evaluate the impact of free-roaming cats from the proposed development on the native small mammal, reptile, amphibian, and bird communities m the surrounding area and propose mitigation measures for adverse impacts that wtll occur 6. Impacts on Wildlife Movement The EIR does not consider m the analysts the behavior of various spectes that might use the wildlife corridor Coyotes are more likely to use urban areas, and would thus be less affected by increased urbanization near the wildlife corridor than other predators, such as bobcat or gray fox 26 Mountain bons may use very narrow corridors, but avoid lighted sites Bobcats and gray 23 Rei~nen, R, and R Foppen 1995 The effects of car traffic on breeding bud populations m woodland IV Influence of population size on [tic reduction of densrty close to a highway Journal of Applied Ecology 32 481-491 Foppen, R , and R Reipien, 1994 The effects of car traffic on breeding bird populations m woodland II Brcedmg dispersal of male willow warblers (Phylloscopus trochilus) m relation to the proximity of a highway Journal ojApp6ed Ecology 31 95-101 24 George, W G 1974 Cats as predators and factors m winter shortages of raptor prey Wilson Bu[letrn 86(4)384-396 25 Crooks, K R , and M E Soule 1999 Mesopredator release and avifauna) extinctions m a fragmented system Nature 400 563-566 See also Hawkins, C C 1998 Impact oja subsrdized exotic predator on native broto effect ojhouse cats (Fetes talus) on Cohjornra bads and rodents PhD Dissertauon, Texas A&M University 26 Sauva~ot, R M, E C York, T K Fuller, H S Kim, D A Kamradt, and R A Wayne 2000 Distribution and status of carnivores m the Santa Monica Mountains, Cahfomia preliminary results from radio telemetry and City of Rancho Cucamonga Page 8 foxes would be much less likely to utilize the protect site after construction The increased urbanization of the protect area within the wildlife corridor therefore would have the additional subtle effect of allowing persistence of higher densities of coyotes relative to other native predators Fedriam et al have shown this to be detrimental to gray foxes, which are occasionally preyed upon by coyotes 27 The EIR should also fully analyze one of the most important impediments to wildlife movement direct death by collision with vehicular traffic, commonly referred to as "roadkill " The EIR should evaluate how increased traffic from the proposed protect will affect animals associated with the Ehwanda Creek wtldhfe corridor The taxonomic breadth of deaths from collisions with vehicles is wide and well documented 28 Near wetlands, amphibians and small mammals are particularly vulnerable Larger mammals moving across the landscape will also be adversely affected For example, a recent study in the Santa Monica Mountains tracked 11 bobcats (Felts rufus) and 13 coyotes (Canis latrans) z9 During the study one bobcat and two coyotes were killed by vehicles, which accounted for 50% of all mortality Animals were less likely to cross over roads with higher traffic levels and more lanes This was consistent with other research showing that the percentage of individuals m a vertebrate population killed on roads increases with the width of the road, and with the number of vehicle taps on the road 30 Vehicle collisions are also a significant cause of mortality for birds, especially birds of prey, which are often killed along roads where they forage in roadside vegetation 31 Increased traffic from the proposed pro]ect, combined with new roads constructed as part of the protect, will result m increased numbers of mammals, amphibians, and birds killed on roads m the protect vicinity Another aspect of urbanization that might affect wildlife species as they move through the protect area is increased desire of property owners to reduce or eliminate small mammal populations, often using rodenticide Such actions would have adverse impacts on animals using the wildbfe corridor, especially predator species 3z A study tracking coyote and bobcat populations a similar urban interface zone found that anticoagulant rodenticide was the second leading cause of death for all coyotes after deaths from vehicle collisions, and the leading cause remote camera surveys Pp 113-123 in Keeley, J E , M Baer-Keeley, and C J Fothenngham (eds) 2nd Interface Between Ecology and Land Development in Cal forma U S Geological Survey Open-File Report 00- 62 27 Fednam, J M , T K Fuller, R M Sauvalot, and E C York 2000 Competrtton and mtraguild predation among three sympatne carnivores Oecologia 125(2) 258-270 28 See reviews rn Groot Bruindennk, G W T A , and E Hazebroek 1996 Ungulate traffic collisions m Europe Conservation Biology 10 1059-1067, and Trombulak, S C , and C A Frissell 2000 Review of ecological effects of roads on terrestrial and aquatic communities Conservation Biology 14 18-30 29 Tigas, L A , D H Van Vuren, and R M Sauvalo[ 2002 Behavioral responses of bobcats and coyotes to habitat fragmentation and comdors m an urban environment Biological Conservation 108(3) 299-306 30 Carr, L W , and L Fahng 2001 Effect of road traffic on two amphibian species of differing vagility Conservation Biology 15 1071-1078 Hels, T , and E Buchwald 2001 The effect of road kills on amphibian populations Biological Conservation 99 331-340 Lode, T 2000 Effect of a motorway on mortality and isolatron of wtldhfe populations Ambio 29 163-166 31 Massemin, S , and T Zorn 1998 Highway mortality of barn owls in northeastern France Journal of Raptor Research 32(3) 229-232 Massemin, S , Y Le Maho, and Y Handnch 1998 Seasonal pattern m age, sex and body condillon of barn owls Tyto alba killed on motorways Ibis 140(1) 70-75 32 The Humane Society of the United States (Hadidian, J , G R Hodge, and J W Grandy (eds )] 1997 Wild neighbors the humane approach to living with wddl fe Fulcrum Publishing, Golden, Colorado, p S l City of Rancho Cucamonga Page 9 of death for Iuveniles 3a Anricoagulant rodenhcide was also implicated m the death of two bobcats m the study, causing an annual adult mortality rate of 8-11 % 3a The EIR fails to consider the effect of light from the proposed protect on usage of the Ettwanda Creek wildlife coiridor The presence of mghmme hghhng has the potential to disrupt wildlife movement adjacent to the protect site This phenomenon was illustrated by a radio telemetry study of young mountain bons m Orange County All travel m corndors and habitat peninsulas occurred at night Durng overnight mom[onng, the disperser usually avoided artificial fights when m [he comdor or peninsula For example, M 12 [a juvenile mountain lion] consistently used dark areas as he rapidly (<4 hr) traveled the grassy edge (6 0 X 15 km) separating San Juan Capistrano from San Clemente (Fig 1) Also M12 seemed to use light cues when he negotiated the tightest part of the Pechanga Corridor, his consistent movements m the direction of the darkest horizon caused him ro miss [he only budged undercrossing of I- I S Overnight monrtonng showed that dispersers especially avoided night-fights m conJunction with open terrain On M12's initial encounter with awell-h[ sand factory and adjacent sand pits, he took 2 hours and 4 attempts to select a route that skirted the facility, after which he rested on a ndgetop for 2 hours During 2 nights m the Arroyo Trabuco, MS explored several small side canyons lacking woody vegetation He followed each canyon to the ndgetop, where city fights were visible 300-800 m west He stopped a[ each canyon ndgetop for 15-60 minutes before returning to [he arroyo, without moving >100 m into the grasslands west of the ndgelme m view of the city fights is Lights from the project have the potential to impede wildlife movement through the protect site and m adjacent natural areas from which protect fights would be visible, especially along Etiwanda Creek 7. Impacts of Artificial Night Lighting Lighting also can affect wildlife m many other ways,36 which should be adequately discussed m the EIR Wildlife may be affected by increased illumination from direct or scattered light Illummahon can result m physiological stress, disturbance of the biological calendar (regulating yearly patterns), disturbance of the biological clock (regulating day-night patterns), changes m visibility conditions, and disonentation, all of which may result m changes m endocrinology, physiology, or behavior Wildlife also can be affected by seeing individual lights at night, which 33 Sauva~ot, R M, E C York, T K Fuller, H S Kim, D A Kamradt, and R A Wayne 2000 Distnbutton and status of carnivores m the Santa Monica Mountains, California preliminary results from radio telemetry and remote camera surveys Pp 113-123 in Keeley, J E , M Baer-Keeley, and C J Fotheringham (eds) 2nd Interjnce Between Ecology and Land Development m Cahjornia U S Geological Survey Open-File Report 00- 62 34 /d 35 Beier, P 1995 Dispersal of juvenile cougars m fragmented habitat Journal of Wildlife Management 59(2) 228-237, at 234 36 Longcore, T , and C Rich 2004 Ecological light pollution Frontiers rn Ecology and the Environment 2(4) 191-198 City of Rancho Cucamonga Page 10 depends on the surface brightness of the lights, called "luminance " If a tight is visible, it may result m disorientation, attraction, or repulsion, altering animal behavior 37 7.1. Birds The EIR acknowledges the use of the project site and adjacent areas by sensitive bud species Effects of lighting on these and other bird species maybe caused through both direct and indirect pathways Dlrect effects include those changes m physiology and behavtor from exposure to increased lighting levels Indrrect effects are those by which a component of the bird's habitat is altered, with detrimental consequences (e g , a food source is affected by hghtmg, hghtmg promotes competitors or predators, etc ) Direct effects of hghtmg vary by species The most likely direct influences of lighting from the proposed development would be on behavior A controlled experiment to investigate the effects of roadway lighting on grassland birds was conducted in The Netherlands 3s The habitat was wet grassland and the study focused on black-tailed godwit (Lzmosa 1 lamosa) In the study, breeding densities of godwrts were recorded over two years, comparing lighted and unlighted conditions When all other habitat factors were taken into account, the density of black-tailed godwrt nests was significantly lower up to 300 meters (984 feet) away from the roadway lighting Also, the researchers noted that the birds that nested first chose sites farthest away from the lighting, whsle those that nested later filled m the less desirable sites closer to the lights Direct effects of increased hghtmg levels on bird behavior also include changes m smgmg ttmes39 and foraging 40 Many species of shorebirds and other waterfowl have been recorded foraging or roosting under artificial lights 41 It is not clear whether these behaviors are beneficial or detrimental to those species Some recent research provides an understanding of which species might be susceptible to small increases m illumination Small birds with large eyes are found to sing earlier m the morning, while larger birds with relatively smaller eyes sing later az Those birds that sing earliest are responding to increases m illumination so faint that they are undetectable by humans as Research has not yet been completed to investigate the energetic costs of smgmg m the middle of the night, but rt is likely not to be beneficial to the individual We can, however, conclude that birds are sensitive to very low light levels, and that they experience potentially adverse behavior changes m the presence of increased hghtmg 37 Health Council of the Netherlands 2000 Impact oJoutdoor kghttng on man and nature 38 De Molenaar, J G , D A Jonkers, and M E Sanders 2000 Road illuminatmn and nature III Loca] influence of road fights on ablack-tailed godwrt (Limosa 1 ltmosa) population Alterra, Wagenmgen, The Netherlands 39 Bergen, F , and M Abs 1997 E[ho-ecological study of the smgmg activity of the blue ht (Parus caeruleus), great tit (Parus mayor) and chaffinch (Fringdla eoe[ebs) Journal juer Ornrthologte 138(4) 451-467 Demckson, K C 1988 Variation m repertoire presentation m northern mockingbirds Condor 90(3) 592-606 40 Hoetker, H 1999 What determines the lime-activity budgets of avocets (Recurvirostra avosetta)~ Journal fuer Ornithologte 140(1) 57-71 Frey, J K 1993 Nocturnal foraging by scissor-tailed flycatchers under artificial light Western Birds 24(3) 200 4l Hill, D 1990 The impact ojnoise and artificial leght on waterfowl behaviour a review and syntheses of the available literature British Trust for Ornithology Research Report No 61 42 Thomas, R J, T Szekely, I C Cuthill, D G C Harper, S E Newson, T D Fraylmg, and P D Wallis 2002 Eye size m birds and the timing of song at dawn Proceedings of the Royal Society ofLondon B 269 831-837 43 Id City of Rancho Cucamonga Page 1 l Apart from direct effects, there are indirect effects from lighting as well For example, higher hghtmg levels are likely to attract an important predator, American crow (Corvus brachyrhynchos) In urban areas, crows roost m areas with elevated mghthme illummation,44 presumably to avoid predation from owls 46 Crows are nest predators of other native species, and increased crow abundance may reduce populations of sensitive species 46 Carrion crows (Corvus corone) are nest predators of ducks, and research has shown that crow removal increases hatchling success of some nests,47 while other studies have found that crow removal is counterbalanced by increases m predation from other specter 4s In either instance, increased crow density is detrimental 7.2. Amphibians The EIR describes two amphibian species as present m Etiwanda Creek Amphibians are highly sensitive to light and can perceive increases m illumination that are impossible for humans to detect A rapid increase m illumination causes a temporary reduction m visual acuity, from which the recovery lime may be minutes to hours a9 In this manner, a simple flash of headlights can arrest the activity of a frog for hours 50 Amphibians also are sensitive to changes m ambient illumination from sky glow Frogs m an experimental enclosure ceased mating activity during night football games, when lights from a nearby stadium increased sky glow Si In natural communities some amphibians will only forage at extremely low light levels, and foraging times are partitioned among species with different hghtmg level preferences sz The sgmrrel treefrog (Hyla sguirrela) is able to orient and forage at hghtmg levels as low as 10-6 lux and will stop foraging at illumination above 103 lux 53 The toad Bufo boreas forages only at illuminations 44 Gorenzel, W P , and T P Salmon 1995 Characteristics of American crow urban roosts m Cahfomia Journal of Wddlije Management 59(4) 638-645 45 Brody, J E 1997 The too-common crow is getting too close for comfort New York Times, May 27 Miller, R 1998 Flocks of crows making urban areas home, so look out below The News-Times, December 28 [Online http //www newstimes com/archive98/dec2898/lcd htm] 46 Schmid[, K A , and C J Whelan 1999 The relative impacts of nest predation and brood parasitism on seasonal fecundity m songbirds Conservnnon Biology 13(1) 46-57 Wheelwright, N T , J J Lawler, and J H Weinstein 1997 Nes[-site selection m savannah sparrows using gulls as scarecrows Aroma/ Behaviour 53(1) 197-208 47 Broyer, J , J Y Fournier, and P Varagnat 1995 Effect of camon crow (Corvus corone) reduction on predatwn on artificial anahd (Anatidae) nests Gibier Faune Sauvage 12(2) 95-107 48 Clark, R G , D E Meger, and J B Ignahuk 1995 Removing American crows and duck nesting success Canadimi Journal afZoology 73(3) 518-522 49 Buchauan, B W 1993 Effects of enhanced lighting on the behaviour of nochvnal frogs Anima! Behaviour 45(5) 893-899 50 Buchanan, B W 2002 Observed and potential effects of artificial fight on the behavior, ecology, and evolution of nocturnal frogs Paper presented at Ecological Consequences ojArnfrcial Night Lighting, February 23-24, Los Angeles, Cahfomia 51 ld 52 Jaeger, R G , and J P Hailman 1976 Phototaxis m anurans relation between intensity and spectral responses Copem 1976 35207 Hailman, J P , and J G Jaeger 1976 A model of pho[otaxis and its evaluation with anuran amphibians Behaviour 56 289-296 53 Buchanan, B W 1998 Low-illumination prey detection by sgwrrel treefrogs Journol ojHerpetology 32(2) 270-274 City of Rancho Cucamonga Page l2 between 10~~ and 10~s lux, while the tailed frog (Ascaphus truer) forages only during the darkest part of the night at below 10-s lux sa Reproductive behavior of other species is altered at increased illuminations - 3 x 10.3 lux from streetlights causes the frog Physalaemus pustulosus to hide nesting sites, while sites are distributed randomly m areas with no increased illumination ss In the same species, females are less picky about mate choice when hghtmg is increased, presumably preferring to mate quickly to avoid the increased predation risk of mattng activity se By reducing the care that females invest m choosing the most suitable mate, increased illumination may reduce the evolutionary fitness of the species While we do not have available the preferred hghtmg levels of the amphibians near the protect site, these species may prefer darker conditions and will be adversely affected by the increased hghtmg 7.3. Terrestrial Invertebrates Many families of insects are attracted to lights, including moths, lacewings, beetles, bugs, caddisflies, crane flies, midges, hoverflies, wasps, and bush enckets s7 Mortality at lights is significant, and recent research m Germany has shown that a single streetlight can kill as many caddisflies as are produced along a 200-meter (656-foot) stretch of stream 58 Insects attracted to tights are subject to increased predation from a variety of predators, including bats, birds, skunks, toads, and spiders s9 The attraction to fights depends on the visibility of the tight and its spectral charactenshcs Moths and other insects are more attracted to light with short wavelengths in the ultraviolet spectrum fi0 Metal halide fights, along with mercury vapor lights, are the two most deletenous lighting types for insects -and most other wildlife -because of their spectral properties, including a large output of ultraviolet energy For species with small population sizes, lighting characteristic of commercial areas is indeed capable of reducing those populations ei In contrast, low-pressure sodium vapor lights do not elicit attractive behavior in moths as frequently as other 54 Hallman, J P 1984 Bimodal nocturnal achvrty of the western toad (Botjo 6oreas) m relation to ambrent illumination Capeta 1984 283-290 s5 Tarano, Z 1998 Cover and ambrent fight influence nesting preferences m [he Tungara frog Physalaemus pustulosus Copeta 1998(1) 250-251 56 Rand, A S, M E Bndarollr, L Dries, and M 1 Ryan 1997 Lrght levels influence female chorce m Tungara frogs predation nsk assessments Copeta 1997(2) 447-450 57 Kolhgs, D 2000 [Ecological effects of artrt3cial tight sources on nocturnally active insects, m particular on butterflies (Leprdoptera)] Fauntsnsch-Oekologuche Mittedungen Supplement 28 1-136 Eisenbeis, G ,and F Hassel 2000 [Attraction of noctumal insects to street lights - a study of municipal lighting systems m a rural area of Rhemhessen (Germany)] Natur and Landschaft 75(4) 145-156 Sustek, Z 1999 Light attraction of carabrd beetles and their survival m the city centre Btologto s4(5) 539-s51 58 Ersenbers, G 2002 Artificial night lighting and insects m Germany Paper presented at Ecological Consequences ojArt fetal Night Lighting, February 23-24, Los Angeles, California 59 Frank, K 1988 Impact of outdoor hghttng on moths an assessment Journal ojthe Leptdoptensts' Society 42(2) 63-93 Blake, D , A M Hutson, P A Racey, ] Rydell, and J R Speakman 1994 Use of lampht roads by foraging bats m southern England Journal ojZoo[o~ 234 453-462 60 Frank, K 1988 Impact of outdoor IighUng on moths an assessment Journal ojthe Lepidopterists' Society 42(2) 63-93 61 /d Crty of Rancho Cucamonga Page 13 lamp types and do not disturb circadian rhythms of moths and other insects 6z Because metal halide and mercury vapor lights attract and result m the death of many individuals of many insect species, they should not be used adjacent to sensitive wetland sites While rt may seem a benefit for diurnal spectes to be able to forage longer under artificial lights, any gams from increased activity time can be offset by increased predation risk In a study of butterfly larvae, a higher growth rate associated with longer photoperiod (as could be caused by artificial fight) resulted m significantly higher predation on the butterfly larvae from the primary parasitoid species es 7.4. Reptiles Evidence exists that artificial night lighting reduces activity, and ultimately presence, of some snake species In an experimental study, rattlesnakes (Crotalus vtndts) were shown to be less active under 3/4 and full moonlight conditions (1 0 and 2 1 lux) 64 The significantly depressed activity of snakes under brighter conditions was shown m the field for water snakes 6s In southern California, areas of the mtemational border illuminated at night lack snake species found m other similar habitats 66 The explanation for these results is presumably the predation nsk from visual predators incurred by individuals that forage under higher illumination levels 67 7.5. Mammals Artificial night lighting has significant effects on mammals, including bats Sensitive bat species may forage on the project site While faster-flying species of bats congregate at fights to feed on insects, other slower-flying species avoid lights 6s By favoring some species over others, increases m artificial fighting m a region decreases bat diversity Even those species that forage under lighted conditions fly faster m lighted areas, as a means to avoid predation In summary, the installation of permanent, dusk-to-dawn fighting on the project site has the potential to disrupt native wildlife behaviors both on and off the project site, and to reduce native 62 Robinson, H S 1952 On the behaviour of night-flying insects m the neighbourhood of a tight light source Proceedings ojthe Royal Entomologrcal Society ojLondon (A) 27 13-21 Eisenbeis, G , and F Hassel 2000 [Attraction of nocturnal insects to street lights - a study of municipal lighting systems m a rural area of Rhemhessen (Germany)] Natur and Landschaft 75(4) 145-156 Frank, K D , and W F Zimmerman 1969 Action spectrum for phase shifts of a circadian rhythm m Drosophila Scrence 163 688-689 Bruce, V C ,and D H Minis 1969 Circadian clock action spectrum m a photopenodie moth Science 163 183-185 63 Gotthard, K 2000 Increased risk of predation as a cost of high growth rate an experimental test in a butterfly Journal ojAramal Ecology 69(5) 896-902 64 Clarke, J A , J T Chopko, and S P Mackessy 1996 The effect of moonlight on activity patterns of adult and Iuvemle praine rattlesnakes (Crotalus viridis vrridrs) Journal of Herpetology 30(2) 192-197 65 Andreadis, P T 1997 A lunar rhythm m the foraging activity of northern water snakes (Rephlia Colubndae) In Scott, A F , S W Hamilton, E W Chester, and D S White (eds) Proceedings of the seventh symposrum on the natural hrstory of lower Tennessee and Cumberland aver valleys The Center for Field Biology, Austin Peay State University, Clarksville, Tennessee 66 Fisher, R (United States Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division) 2002 Personal communication 67 Lima, S L , and L M Dil] 1990 Behavioral deciswns made under the nsk of predation a review and prospectus Canadran Journa[ oJZoology 68(4) 619-640 68 Rydell, J , and H J Baagee 1996 Bats & streetlamps Bats 14(4) 10-13 City of Rancho Cucamonga Page 14 wildlife diversity over the long term The EIR should consider the relevant scientific literature to describe and propose mmgation for such impacts 8. Biological Impacts of Increased Trail Use by Hikers and Equestrians The proposed protect would increase trail use m natural areas near the project site The increased use may be by equestrian users or hikers The project would involve the development of a trailhead for access into the North Ettwanda Nature Preserve The direct tmpacts of this development should be described m the EIR, which is possible only after a full project description has been drafted The EIR must also consider the impacts of additional trail use within the preserve area Recreational use in natural areas has adverse impacts on many aspects of ecosystem functioning The EIR should consider direct disturbance to sensitive wildlife species (see attached review), effects of trampling on vegetation,69 and the introduction of invasive plant species through trail networks (which increases as use increases and is greater closer to trailheads) 70 Equestrian users often require certain maintenance actions to protect the well-being of their animals For example, burrowing mammals are targeted for poisoning or other control actions because stepping in small holes can seriously inure horses While this is understandable, tt can create significant biological impacts from the method of animal control (e g , anticoagulant poison), the death to the target animals, and the spillover effects on other animals that use burrows (e g ,burrowing owl) While all recreational trail use increases erosion per unit area over natural conditions (except perhaps immediate post-bum conditions), horse use of wildland trails creates approximately twice as much erosion as does use by hikers ~i Horse use also usually results in wider and deeper trails than use by hikers Increased erosion can affect water quality within a watershed as well as alter habitat for sensitive species While there is some debate on the topic, horses can and do serve as vectors for exotic plant species along wildland trails Seeds of exotic plants, if present m the horse's diet, can survive through the digestive tract and remain viable m manure ~Z While only a small proportion of such seeds may become established, over time such introductions can substantially degrade the native vegetation m wildland areas The EIR must consider and evaluate such impacts associated with the development of an equestrian center 69 Liddle, M J 1975 A selective review of the ecological effects of human trampling on natural ecosystems Biological Conservation 7 17-36 70 Benninger-Truax, M , J L Vankat, and R L Schaefer 1992 Trad corridors as habitats and conduits for movement of-plant species m Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado, USA Landscape Ecology 6(4)269-278 7l Deluca, T H , W A Patterson iV, W A Freimund, and D N Cole ]998 Influence of llamas, horses, and hikers on soil erosion from established recreation trails m western Montana, USA Environmental Management 22(2) 255-262 72 Campbell, J E , and D J Gibson 2001 The effect of seeds of exotic species transported via horse dung on vegetation along trail corridors Plani Ecology 157 23-35 City of Rancho Cucamonga Page 15 Horse manure on trails may result in adverse impacts to biological resources Dung is a fertilizer, which tends to aid the establishment and spread of exotic species m southern California ecosystems Nitrogen from animals may also affect water resources For example, nitrates and nitrites have been implicated m global amphibian declines The pathways of effect are many Increased nitrates influence prey distribution and behavior 73 Rouse et al review laboratory studies that report lethal and sublethal effects of nitrates on amphibians at concentrations equaling 2 5-100 mg/L 74 Recently, laboratory studies have shown significant larval mortality at 1 mg/L, which meets safe drinking water standards for humans, with all four species studied (mcludmg a toad, Bujo boreas) showing significant effects at 2 mg/L is Studies (also mcludmg toads, Btfo amertcanus) often show larval deformities and altered metamorphosis phenology m response to nitrogen pollution 76 In another effect pathway, stress, such as that induced by exposure to sublethal nitrogen pollution, is hypothesized to weaken amphibian immune systems, making them vulnerable to infection by pathogens ~~ such as bactena~$ or chytnd fungi 79 9. Conclusion The scope of removal of rare alluvial fan sage scrub proposed to accommodate the project itself constitutes a significant adverse impact that cannot be mitigated Many other aspects of the project require more thorough analysis and identification of significant impacts, especially the indirect impacts and off-site impacts from recreational development Only with such full disclosure can decisionmakers fairly assess the environmental impacts from this development and come to a reasoned decision about its consistency with applicable resource protection laws 73 Watt, P ] , and R S Oldham 1995 The effect of ammonmm nitrate on the feeding and development of larvae of the smooth newt, Trrtrrrus vulgarrs (L ), and on the behaviour of its food source, Daphnro Freshwater Brology 33 319-324 Rouse, 1 D , C A Bishop, and J Struger 1999 Nitrogen pollution an assessment of its threat to amphibian survival Envrromnental Health Perspectives 107 799-803 74 Rouse et al 1999, supra note 73 75 Marco, A , C Quilchano, and A R Blaustem 1999 Sensitivity to nitrate and mtn[e mpond-breeding amphibians from the Pacific northwest, USA Envrronmental Toxrcology and Chemrstry 18 2836-2839 76 Xu, Q , and R S Oldham 1997 Lethal and sublethal effects of nitrogen fertilizer ammonium nitrate on common toad (Bujo 6ufo) tadpoles Archives ojEnvrronmental Contammahon and Toxrcology 32 298-303 Jofre, M B , and W H Karasov 1999 Direct effect of ammonia on three species of North Amencan anuran amphibians Envrronrnentaf Tozrcology and Chemrstry 18 1806-1812 Hecnar, S J 1995 Acute and chronic toxicity of ammonmm nitrate fertilizer [o amphibians from southern Ontano Envrronmental Toxrcology and Chemrstry 14 2131-2137 77 Carey, C 1993 Hypothesis concerning the causes of the disappearance of boreal toads from the mountains of Colorado Conrervalrar Brology? 355-362 78 Id 79 Berger, L, R Speare, P Daszak, D E Green, A A Cunningham, C L Goggm, R Slocombe, M A Ragan, A D Hyatt, K R McDonald, H B Hines, K R Lips, G Maranielh, and H Parkes 1998 Chytndiomycosis causes amphibian mortality associated with population declines m the ram forests of Australia and Central Amenca Proceedings ojthe Nnteonn! Academy ojScrences of the United Stales ojAmenca 95 9031-9036 Lips, K R 1999 Mass mortality and population declines of anurans at an upland site m western Panama Conservnhon Brology 13 117-125 City of Rancho Cucamonga Page 16 Thank you for consldenng these comments Sincerely, Travis Longcore, Ph TRAVIS LONGCORE P O Box 24020 Los Angeles, California 90024-0020 Telephone (310) 247-9719 CURRENT APPOINTMENTS Research Assistant Professor, Center for Sustainable Cities, Department of Geography, University of Southem California 2001-present Lecturer, UCLA Department of Geography, UCLA Department of Organismic Biology, Ecology and Evolution, UCLA Institute of the Environment 2000-present Lower division Biodrversity m a Changing World, People and the Earth's Ecosystems, Ecology and Conservation of Cahforma Oaks Upper division World Vegetation, Forest Ecosystems, Ecology, Environmental Impact Analysts Principal, Land Protection Partners 1998-present Consultant to attorneys in land protection actions (primarily Cahforma Environmental Quality Act, Cahforma Coastal Act, and federal Endangered Species Act) Services include issue identification, preparation of biological analysts with supporting scientific literature review, and commurucahon with resource agency personnel Co-founder and Science Director, The Urban Wildlands Group 1996-present Organization studies and works to protect species, habitats, and ecological processes within urban and urbamzmg areas Protects include restoration and management of habitat supporting endangered butterfly specter, education of pohcymakers on impacts of artificial fight and nurse on wildlife, re- search on mimmizmg ecological effects of fuel modification EDUCATION PhD ,Geography, University of Cahfomia, Los Angeles 1999 Dissertation Title Terrestrial Arthropods as Indicators of Restoration Success in Coastal Sage Scrub Minor Biology M A ,Geography, University of Cahfomia, Los Angeles 1995 Thesis Trtle Risk, Technology, and Place Siring a Radioactive Waste Dump in California's Ward Palley Honors B A ,Geography summa cum laude, University of Delaware 1993 Thesis Title Information Technology and World City Restructuring The Case of New York City's Financial District Minor French PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE Research Associate, Sustainable Cities Program, Umverstty of Southem California 1999-2001 Summer Instructor, UCLA Graduate School of Education and Information Studies 1997-1999 Staff Researcher, UCLA Department of Geography 1996-1999 Teaching Asststant, UCLA Department of Geography 1995-1996 F ~~ Trays Longcore Page 2 Geographic Information System Technician, Water Resources Agency, New Castle County, Delaware 1992-1993 GRANTS, HONORS, AND AWARDS Professional Defense Logistics Agency 2004 Contract for $38,729 to The Urban Wildlands Group to conduct experimental captive propagation of endangered Palos Verdes blue butterfly San Gabriel and Low Los Angeles Rivers and Mountains Conservancy 2003 Co-PI with J Wolch and J P Wilson, USC Department of Geography, and J Devrnny, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering on contract for $105,000 to USC Center for Sustainable Cites for "Green Visions Plan for 21st Century Southern California A Guide for Habitat, Watershed Management, and Recreational Open Space " Thomas Rerd Associates, Inc (for County of San Mateo, California) 2003 Contract of $14,200 to USC Center for Sustainable Crhes and USC GIS Research Laboratory (J Wilson, co-PI) to analyze butterfly survey data from San Bruno Mountain Habrtat Conservation Plan,l982-2000 Santa Monica Bay Restoration Commission 2003 Grant of $131,000 to Los Angeles Conservation Corps and The Urban Wrldlands Group to restore coastal dune and bluff vegetation and develop a master plan for restoration of El Segundo dune and bluff habitat Supplemented by $20,000 grant to The Urban Wrldlands Group from Crty of Redondo Beach Defense Logistics Agency 2003 Contract for $43,779 [o The Urban Wrldlands Group to conduct expenmental captive propagatron of and surveys for the endangered Palos Verdes blue butterfly James C Zumberge Fund for Innovation, University of Southern California 2003 Grant of $50,000 for interdisciplinary investigation with J Devrnny, USC Vrterbr School of Engi- neering, of phytoremediahon wrth native plants Conservation and Research Foundation 2003 Grant of $5,000 to The Urban Wrldlands Group to support preparation of book Ecological Conse- 9uences ofAruficral Night Lighnng California ReLeaf 2003 Grant of $7,500 [o The Urban Wrldlands Group for protect, "Urban Forest Assessment and Outreach at UCLA " U S Fish and Wddhfe Service 2002 Contract for $10,000 to The Urban Wildlands Group to draft management plan for endangered Kern primrose sphinx moth U S Fish and Wildlife Service 2002 Contract for $24,000 to The Urban Wrldlands Group to draft species recovery plan for endangered Cahppe silverspot butterfly Travis Longcore Page 3 International Dark-Sky Association Executive Director's Award 2002 National Frsh and Wildlife Foundation 2002 Grant of $5,000 to The Urban Wrldlands Group to support conference Ecological Consequences of Artificial Night Lighting Electnc Power Research InsU[ute 2002 Grant of $2,000 to The Urban Wrldlands Group to support conference Ecological Consequences of Artificial Night Lighting Defense Logistics Agency 2002 Contract for $42,665 to The Urban Wrldlands Group to conduct experimental captive propagation of endangered Palos Verdes blue butterfly U S Frsh and Wildlife Service Landowner Incentive Program 2001 Grant of $37,300 to The Urban Wrldlands Group to restore habitat for endangered El Segundo blue butterfly on pnvate property m Torrance, California John Randolph Haynes and Dora Haynes Foundation 2000 Co-author of $398,000 grant to USC Sustainable Cities Program to assess benefits of urban greening m a dense inner-city neighborhood Los Angeles Department of Water and Power 2000 USC Sustainable Cities Program awarded $9,000 contract to assess "Cool Schools" tree planting program New Research Design Award for a More Sustainable Los Angeles Region, John Randolph Haynes and Dora Haynes Foundation 2000 Awarded $5,000 to develop a research design for the use of native plants m phytoremedrahon Graduate Conference Travel Grant, UCLA Department of Geography 1999 Dissertation Improvement Grant, National Science Foundation ($8,000) 1998 Distinguished Doctoral Scholar Fellowship, UCLA Alumni Association ($17,500) 1998 Portable Fellowship, UCLA Graduate Division ($18,500) 1997 Graduate Research Fellowship, National Science Foundation ($64,400) 1993 Chancellor's Fellowship, UCLA Graduate Division (declined) 1993 Undergraduate Alexander J Taylor Award ("Outstanding Senior Man"), University of Delaware 1993 Geography Faculty Award, University of Delaware 1993 Phr Kappa Phi Graduate Fellowship, Chapter Award, University of Delaware 1993 Mrd-Atlantic Region Finahst, Rhodes Scholarship 1992 Fellow, Anzona Honors Academy, Northern Anzona University 1992 Marie Donaghay Award for Excellence m Geography, Unwersity of Delaware 1992 Phr Beta Kappa 1992 Trays Longcore Page 4 Pi Delta Phr (French national honor society) 1992 Phr Kappa Phr (national honor socrety) 1991 Phr Beta Kappa Clrft and DeArmond Award, Umversrty of Delaware 1991 George and Margaret Collins Sertz Award, Umversrty of Delaware 1991 Eugene duPont Memorial Dishngmshed Scholar Award, Umversrty of Delaware ($44,500) 1989 PUBLICATIONS Articles In Preparation 4 Longcore, T , D D Murphy, and R Redak Managing and monitoring endangered butterflies Qmno checkerspot butterfly (Euphydryas eduha qurno) and its habitats m San Diego County (Cahforma, USA) Envrronmenlal Management 3 Longcore, T , K Jacobsen, C Zonneveld, and D Roy Improved phenological measures for unrvoltine insects a reassessment of the climate change signal from hedge brown butterfly Global Change Biology 2 Jump, P , T Longcore, and C Rich Ecology and distribution of a newly discovered population of the endangered Kern primrose sphinx moth (Euproserpmirs euterpe) Journal of the Lepidopterists' Soci- ety 1 Longcore, T Christina Li, and J P Wilson Nature's services m a dense urban neighborhood Envi- ronmental Management Articles In Review 1 Longcore, T , R Mattom, and A Mattom Salvage of pupae as a mitigation measure for impacts to endangered butterfly habitat Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society Forthcoming 2 Longcore, T , and C Rich From dusk 'til dawn conservation planning for the nighttime environ- ment In Rich, C , and T Longcore (eds) Ecological consequences of artificial night [eghkng Island Press (forthcoming 2005) 1 Longcore, T , and C Rrch Introduction ecological tight polluton In Rich, C , and T Longcore (eds) Ecological consequences ofart fceal night kghting Island Press (forthcoming 2005) Book 1 Rich, C , and T Longcore (eds) Ecological consequences of artificial night kghUng Island Press (forthcoming 2005) Refereed Publications 15 Longcore, T , C Rich, and D Muller-Schwarze Management by assertion beavers and vireos at Lake Skinner (Riverside County, California) Ecological Restoration (in press) 14 Longcore, T , C Li, and J P Wilson Applicability of CITYgreen urban ecosystem analysis software to a dense urban neighborhood Urban Geography (in press) 13 Longcore, T Ecological effects of fuel management practices around residential development Side- bar for chapter by K Shafer m text on California fire ecology (in press) 12 Longcore, T , and C Rich Ecological tight pollution Frontiers in Ecology and Environment 2(4) 191-198(2004) Trays Longcore Page 5 11 Longcore, T Arthropods as indicators of restoration success m coastal sage scrub (Cahforma, USA) Restoratron Ecology 11(4) 397-409 (2003) l0 Mattom, R , T Longcore, Z Krenova, and A Lipman Mass reanng the endangered Palos Verdes blue butterfly (Glaucophsyche lygdamus palosverdesensrs Lycaenidae) Journal of Research on the Leptdoptera 37 55-67 (2003) 9 Longcore, T , R Mattom, C Zonneveld, and J Bruggeman INsect Count Analyzer a tool to assess responses of butterflies to habitat restoration Ecologrcal Restoration 21(1) 60-61 (2003) 8 Longcore, T Ecological effects of fuel modification on arthropods and other wildlife m an urbanizing wildland Pp 11 I-I 17 m Galley, K E M , R C Klinger, and N G Suguihara (eds) National Con- gress on Ftre Ecology, Prevention, and Management Proceedings, No 1, Tall Timbers Research Sta- tion, Tallahassee, FL (2003) 7 Zonneveld, C , T Longcore, and C Mulder Optimal schemes to detect presence of insect species Conservation Biology 14(2) 476-487 (2003) 6 Mattoni, R , T Longcore, C Zonneveld, and V Novotny Analysis of [ransect counts to monitor population size in endangered insects the case of the El Segundo blue butterfly, Euphrlotes bernardtno allynr Journal ojlnsect Conservation 5(3) 197-206 (2001) 5 Longcore, T , R Mattoni, G Pratt, and C Rich On the peals of ecological restoration lessons from the EI Segundo blue butterfly Pp 281-286 in Keeley, J , M Baer-Keeley, and C J Fotheringham, eds 2nd Interface Between Ecology and Land Development en California, U S Geological Survey Open-File Report 00-62, Sacramento, CA (2000) (Abstracted in Ecologrcal Restoratron 19(2) 125 (2001) ) 4 Mattom, R , T Longcore, and V Novotny Arthropod monitoring for fine scale habitat analysis A case study of the EI Segundo sand dunes Environmental Management 25(4) 445-452 (2000) 3 Mattoni, R , and T R Longcore The Los Angeles coastal praise, a vanished community Cros- sosoma 23(2) 71-102 (1997) 2 Mattoni, R, G F Pratt, T R Longcore, J F Emmel, and J N George The endangered Qumo checkerspot butterfly, Errphydryas edrtha qutno (Leptdoptera Nymphalidae) Journal of Research on the Leptdoptera 34 99-1 l8 (1997) 1 Longcore, T R , and P W Rees Information technology and downtown restructunng the case of New York City's financial distract Urban Geography 17(4) 354-372 (1996) Book Reviews 2 Longcore, T Review of From Coastal Wilderness to Fruited Plata A History of Environmental Change ut Temperate North Amenca from 1500 to Present, by Gordon G Whitney Ethics, Place and Envtrortment 4(3) 278-279 (2001) I Longcore, T Revew of Butterflies on Bnksh and Irish Offshore Islands Ecology and Biogeography, by Roger Dennis and Ttm Shreeve Journal of Research on the Leptdoptera 35 139-140 (2000) Scientific Reports and Publications 39 Longcore, T Analysis of butterfly survey data and methodology from San Bruno Mountain Habitat Conservation Plan (1982-2000) 2 Survey Methodology Los Angeles, USC GIS Research Labora- tory and USC Center for Sustainab]e Ghes, 6 pp (April 2004) 38 Longcore, T, C Lam, J P Wilson Analysis of butterfly survey data and methodology from San Bruno Mountain Habitat Conservation Plan (1982-2000) 1 Status and Trends Los Angeles, USC GIS Research Laboratory and USC Center for Sustainable Cities, I S pp (April 2004) Travis Longcore Page 6 37 Jump, P , T Longcore, and C Rich Ecology and distribution of anewly-discovered population of the threatened Kern primrose sphinx moth (Euproserpinus euterpe) Report to U S Fish and Wildlife Service under permit TE-037806, 18 pp (January 26, 2004) 36 Scow, J C , C Cohen, T Longcore, and C Rich UCLA's campus forest a community resource Los Angeles, The Urban Wildlands Group, 52 pp (January 16, 2004) 35 Longcore, T , D D Murphy, D Deutschman, R Redak, and R Fisher A management and momtor- mg plan for Qumo checkerspot butterfly (Euphydryas editha guino) and its habitats m San Diego County Advisory Report to County of San Diego, 48 pp (December 30, 2003) 34 Longcore, T , and C Rich Review of biological resources analysis m Supplement to Draft Environ- mental Impact Statement/Environmental Impact Report for LAX Master Plan Los Angeles, Land Protection Partners, 15 pp (October 20, 2003) 33 Mattoni, R , J Sprute, and T Longcore Final Report for Palos Verdes blue butterfly year 2003 cap- tive rearing on Defense Fuel Support Point, San Pedro, California Los Angeles, The Urban Wild- lands Group (Defense Logistics Agency Agreement # N68711-03-LT-C3003), 9 pp (September 30, 2003) 32 Longcore, T , and C Rich Review of biological impact analysis m Initial Study and Mitigated Nega- tive Declaration (PD-S-942/TT5411), City of Simi Valley Los Angeles, Land Protection Partners, 15 pp (July 24, 2003) 31 Longcore, T , and R Mattoni Final Report for 2003 Palos Verdes blue butterfly adult surveys on De- fense Fuel Support Point, San Pedro, California Los Angeles, The Urban Wildlands Group (Defense Logistics Agency Agreement # N68711-03-LT-C3003), 12 pp (July 1, 2003) 30 Longcore, T , R Mattoni, and A Mattoni Final report for Palos Verdes blue butterfly pupal salvage on Palos Verdes and San Pedro housing, San Pedro, California Los Angeles, The Urban Wildlands Group (Department of the Navy Letter Agreement # N68711-02-LT-C3001), 9 pp (June 25, 2003) 29 Longcore, T , and C Rich Conservation value of Catellus West Bluffs property Justifies purchase with public funds, Los Angeles, Land Protection Partners, 11 pp (May 2, 2003) 28 Pmcetl, S , J R Wolch, J P Wilson, and T Longcore Toward a sustainable Los Angeles a "na- ture's services" approach Los Angeles, USC Center for Sustainable Cities, 47 pp (report to John Randolph Haynes and Dora Haynes Foundation, February 2003) 27 Longcore, T , C Rich, J Marzluff, and B Nightingale Peer review of artificial light and noise impact analysis m Sand Point Magnuson Park Drainage, Wetland/Habitat Complex and Sports Fields/Courts Protect Final Environmental Impact Statement [Seattle, Washington) Los Angeles, Land Protection Partners, 15 pp (January 16, 2003) 26 Longcore, T , and C Rich Review of biological resources analysis m Malibu Bay Company Devel- opment Agreement Draft Environmental Impact Report Los Angeles, Land Protection Partners, 28 pp (November 11, 2002) 25 Longcore, T , and C Rich Action plan for Kern primrose sphinx moth (Euproserpinus euterpe) at Carnzo Plain National Monument Los Angeles, The Urban Wildlands Group, 15 pp (report to U S Fish and Wildlife Service, November 1, 2002) 24 Longcore, T , R Mattoni, A Lipman, Z Krenova, and C Rich Final report for Palos Verdes blue butterfly year 2002 captive rearing on Defense Fuel Support Point, San Pedro, California Los Ange- les, The Urban Wildlands Group (Defense Logistics Agency Agreement # N68711-02-LT-00010), 18 pp (October I, 2002) Travis Longcore Page 7 23 Longcore, T , and C Rtch Effects of light and nurse from a proposed Wal-Mart "Supercenter" on the wildlife of PenJaJawoc Marsh (Bangor, Maine) Los Angeles, Land Protectton Partners, 18 pp (June 7, 2002) 22 Longcore, T and C Rtch Protectton of environmentally sensitive habitat areas m proposed Local Coastal Plan for City of Malibu Los Angeles, The Urban Wildlands Group, 19 pp (May 2002) 21 Mattoni, R and T Longcore Census results for Palos Verdes blue butterfly and associated species, 1994-2001 Pp 2-10 m Mattoni, R (ed) Status and trends habitat restoration and the endangered Palos Verdes blue butterfly at the Defense Fue[ Support Point, San Pedro, Cahforma, 1994-2001 Los Angeles, The Urban Wildlands Group (Apn12002) 20 Mattoni, R , T Longcore, and A Lipman Description of habitat characteristics of the Palos Verdes blue butterfly Pp 11-15 m Mattoni, R (ed) Status and trends habitat restoration and the endan- gered Palos Verdes blue butterfly at the Defense Fuel Support Point, San Pedro, California, 1994-2001 Los Angeles, The Urban Wildlands Group (April 2002) 19 Longcore, T Invertebrate community composition as an indicator of restorarion success Pp 52-68 m Mattoni, R (ed) Status and trends habitat restoration and the endangered Palos Verdes blue but- terfly at the Defense Fuel Support Point, San Pedro, Californa, 1994-2001 Los Angeles, The Urban Wildlands Group (April 2002) 18 Longcore, T , and J George Habitat Evaluation for El Segundo Blue Butterfly (Euphilotes bernardino allyni) at Malaga Bluffs Los Angeles, The Urban Wildlands Group (report to U S Fish and Wildlife Service Cooperative Agreement #1448-1 1430-1-J041, December 30, 2001) 17 Longcore, T , and C Rich A review of the ecological effects of road reconfiguration and expansion on coastal wetland ecosystems Los Angeles, The Urban Wildlands Group, 12 pp (November 14, 2001) 16 Longcore, T , and C Rtch Review of biological resources analysts m draft Sully-Miller/Fieldstone Communities Environmental Impact Report (SCH#99101125) Los Angeles, Land Protection Part- ners, 15 pp (October 19, 2001) 15 Longcore, T , and C Rtch Review of biological resources analysis m LAX Master Plan Draft Envr ronmental Impact Statement/Environmental Impact Report Los Angeles, Land Protection Partners, 27 pp (August 8, 2001) 14 Longcore, T , and C Rich Review of biological resources analysis m Crty of Malibu Negative Decla- ration No 00-010 (Kempen Single Family Residence) Los Angeles, Land Protection Partners, 5 pp (July 23, 2001) 13 Young, T , wtth T Longcore Creating Community Greenspace A Handbook for Developing Sus- tainable Open Spaces in Central Cities Los Angeles, Cahforma League of Conservation Voters Edu- cation Fund, 64 pp (2000) 12 United States Fish and Wildlife Service (A Anderson, E Allen, M Dodero, C Parmesan, T Long- core, G Pratt, D Murphy, and M Singer) Draft Recovery Plan for the Quino checkerspot butterfly (Euphydryas edttha quino) Portland, Oregon (2000) [finalized January 2001 ] 11 Longcore, T , K Fitzpatrick, and M Phelan Assessment of Los Angeles Department of Water and Power Cool Schools Program, University of Southern Cahforma Sustainable Cities Program (report to Los Angeles Department of Water and Power, December 2000) 10 Mattoni, R , and T Longcore 2000 Palos Verdes Blue Butterfly (Glaucopsyche lygdamus palosverd- esensis) Adult Population Survey (report to U S Fish and Wildlife Service, August 28, 2000) Trays Longcore Page 8 9 Lassiter, U , T Longcore, and S Pmcetl 53rd and Latham Residents' Preferences for Amenrtres for an Urban Park, University of Southern California Sustainable Cities Program (report to Gty of Los Angeles, Department oFRecreation and Parks, January 2000) 8 Mattom, R , T Longcore, and R Rogers 1999 Palos Verdes Blue Butterfly (Glaucopsyche lygdarnrrs palosverdesensrs) Adult Population Survey (report to U S Ftsh and Wildlife Service, August 28, 1999) 7 Lipman, A , T Longcore, R Mattom, and Y Zhang Habitat Evaluation and Reintroduction Planning for the Endangered Palos Verdes Blue Butterfly (report to California Department of Fish and Game, June 1, 1999) 6 Mattom, R , T Longcore, J George, G Pratt, and C Nagano Recovery Plan for the EI Segundo Blue Butterfly (Euphrlotes battordes allynr) Portland, Oregon (September 9, 1998) 5 Mattom, R , T Longcore, and R Rogers 1998 Palos Verdes Blue Butterfly (Glaucopsyche lygdannrs palosverdesensrs) Adult Population Survey (report to U S Frsh and Wildlife Service, June ] 0, 1998) 4 Mattom, R , G Pratt, T Longcore, J George, and J Leps Interim Report 1997 Conservation Plan- ning for the Endangered Laguna Mountains Skipper, Pyrgus ruraks lagunae (report to U S Forest Servrce, January 1998) 3 Pratt, G , R Mattom, T Longcore, J George, C Pierce, and C Nagano Distribution of Quino Checkerspot Butterfly (Euphydryas edrtha qurno) m Southern San Diego County and Related Obser- vations (report [o U S Bureau of Land Management, January 1998) 2 Mattom, R , A Bonner, J George, and T Longcore 1997 Annual Report Defense Fuel Support Point Revegetauon, Chevron Pipeline Mitigation (report to U S Frsh and Wildlife Servrce, August 1, 1997) 1 Mattom, R, A Bonner, J George, T Longcore, C Rtch, and R Rogers 1997 Palos Verdes Blue Butterfly (Glaucopsyche lygdanrus palosverdesensrs) Adult Population Survey (report to U S Frsh and Wildlife Servrce, June 30, 1997) Popular Articles and Miscellaneous Reports 10 Longcore, T , and C Rrch Urban oaks and urban oak woodlands Oaks (newsletter of the Calrfornra Oak Foundation), pp 3, 7 (2003) 9 Longcore, T Frre clearance Los Angeles Times (April 29, 2000) 8 Longcore, T Further enlightenment Malibu Trines (February 4, 1999) 7 Longcore, T Ask campus community about changes Daily Bruin, p 12 (May 19, 1998) 6 Longcore, T ,editor Biological assessment coastal sage scrub at Unrversrty ojCalrfornra, Los An- geles Prepared by Geography 123, Dr R Mattom, Lecturer (unpublished report, December 1997) 5 Longcore, T The Endangered Delhi sand dunes Western Tanager 63(8) 1-2 (1997) 4 Longcore, T LAAS Year m review Western Tanager 63(7) 1-3 (1997) 3 Longcore, T E]ecGOn special comparative excerpts from party platforms Western Tanager 63(3) 1-3 (1997) 2 Longcore, T Brg Brrdathon Day Western Tanager 63(1) 1-3 (1997) Rrch, C and T Longcore Consultation issues at UCLA landscape and construc[ron (unpublished report, February 1996) Travis Longcore Page 9 CONFERENCE PRESENTATIONS 15 Longcore, T , and C Rich Ecological consequences of artificial night lighting in natural lands man- agement Invited paper presented at George Wnght Society Biennial Conference (San Diego, Cahfor- ma, Apnl 14-18, 2003) l4 Lt, C , T Longcore, and J P Wilson Nature's services ui a dense urban neighborhood The Asso- ctahon of Amencan Geographers 99th Annual Meeting (New Orleans, Louisiana, March, 2003) 13 Longcore, T , C Zonneveld, J Bruggeman, and R Mattom Tracking population responses of the endangered Palos Verdes bhre butterfly to habUat enhancement using INCA (INsect Count Analyzer) The Ecologtcal Socrety of America 87th Annual Meeting/Society for Ecologtcal Restoration 14th Annual Intemahonal Conference (Tucson, Arizona, August 4-9, 2002) 12 Longcore, T and J P Wilson Appkcabdity of CITYgreen urban ecosystem analyse software to a densely bunt urban nerghborhood The Associatron of Amencan Geographers 98th Annual Meeting (Los Angeles, Cahfomia, March 19-23, 2002) I 1 Longcore, T Obvwus and insidious effects of sprawl on wildlife (invited p]enary speaker) Smart Growth for Californians and Wildlife, National Wildlife Federation and Planning and Conservation League (San Dwgo, Cahfomia, May 19-2Q, 2001) 10 Longcore, T Ecologtcal effects of fuel modtfcatron on arthropods and other wildlife to an etrbanrzrng wildland Fire Conference 2000 The First National Congress on Fire Ecology, Prevention and Man- agement (San Diego, California, November 27-December 1, 2000) 9 Longcore, T Response of terrestrial arthropod communities in coastal sage scrub to short-term cli- mate change The Association of Amencan Geographers 96th Annual Meeting (Pittsburgh, Pennsyl- vania, Apnl 5-9, 2000) 8 Longcore, T Terrestrral arthropods and restoration rfyou build it, will they comet Society for Eco- logtcal Restoration Eleventh Annual Conference/Xerces Society Annual Meeting (The Presidio of San Francisco, September 23-25, 1999) 7 Longcore, T Putting the bugs in assessing ecological restoration wrth terrestrial arthropods The Associauon of Amencan Geographers 95th Annual Meeting (Honolulu, Hawau, March 23-27, 1999) 6 Longcore, T and C Rich 419 acres UCLA's natural history I Lmid use, 2 Biological homogeno- zation, 3 Island biogeography Poster serves and display presented at California's Btodrversi[y Cnsis The Loss of Nature m an Urbanizing World (UCLA, October 24-25, 1998) 5 Mattom, R ,Jeremiah George, T Longcore, and Gordon Pratt Scale and the resonating Impact of an exotic plant Southern Cahforma Academy of Sciences Annual Meeting (Cahfomia Stale University, Fullerton, May 2-3, 1997) 4 Longcore, T , R Mattom, G Pratt, and C Rich On the perils of ecological restoration lessons from the El Segundo blue butterfly 2nd Interface Between Ecology and Land Development m California (Occidental College, Los Angeles, Cahfomia, April 18-19, 1997) 3 Mattom, R , T Longcore, J George, and C Rich Down memory lane the Los Angeles coastal prai- rre and its vernal pools Poster presented a[ 2nd Interface Between Ecology and Land Development in California (Occidental College, Los Angeles, California, April 18-19, 1997) 2 Longcore, T The role of science in Natural Community Conservation Planning Restonng Our Commitment to Recovery m [he Era of the Habitat Conservation Plan, Endangered Species Defense Coalmon (Starr Ranch, Cahfomia, July 30, 1996) 1 Longcore, T Mainland colonization by endenuc naular taxa XXXth Annual Southwest Population Biology Conference (James Reserve, Caltfornia, April 20-21, 1996) Travts Longcore Page 10 INVITED PRESENTATIONS Cahfomta Studtes Assoctahon Sixteenth Annual Conference, "Sheltenng Btodtverstty Ltvmg Wtth Other Specter In and Around Los Angeles," Aprt] 2004 Unrversrty of Cahfomia, Los Angeles, Department of Geography, February 2004 Gty of Los Angeles Department of Parks and Recreation, May 2003 Gty of Los Angeles Department of Public Works, September 2002 South Coast Wtldlands Protect Mtsstng Linkages Workshop, August 2002 Unrversrty of Southern Cahfomta, Department of Geography, February 2002 Santa Monica Mountains Conservancy, September 2001 Cahfomta Native Plant Society, South Coast Chapter, August 2001 Cahfomta State Untverstty, Northndge, Ohvatt Library, Apnl 2001 Umverstty of California Natural Resources Continuing Conference, Wrigley Institute for Envtronrental Studtes, April 2001 Soctety for Ecologtcal Restoration, Cahfomta Chapter Annual Conference, October 2000 Untverstty of Stockholm, Department of Zoology, September 2000 Unrverstty of Gothenberg, Department of Applied Envtronmental Science, September 2000 Lorqutn Entomological Soctety, Los Angeles, Cahfomta, June 2000 Untverstty of California, Los Angeles, Department of Geography, May 2000 Southem Cahfomta Institute of Archttec[ure, June 1998 Los Angeles Unified School District Target Sctence, "Butterflies m the Ctty" Workshop Senes, South Central Los Angeles Leadership Team, October 1998 PROFESSIONAL SERVICE Referee, Restoration Ecology, Journal of Research on the Leptdoptera, Envtronmental Management, Transactions en GIS, Landscape Research Independent Scientific Advisor (Qumo checkerspot butterfly), County of San Diego, 2002-2004 Baldwin Hdls Park Citizens Advtsory Committee, 2002 Conference Co-Chair, The Urban Wtldlands Group and UCLA Instttute of the Envtronment, Ecologtcal Consequences ofArtaftceal Ntght Ltghtutg, 2001-2002 Member, Advtsory Council, Yosemite Restoration Trust, 1999-present Member, Recovery Team (Technical Subteam), Qmno checkerspot Butterfly, U S Ftsh and Wtldhfe Service, 1999-2001 Newsletter Layout, Endangered Habitats League, 1998-2002 Member, Conference Steering Committee, UCLA Institute of the Envtronment, California's Btodrverstty Cruts The Loss of Nature to an Urbanizing World, 1998 Managing Editor, Journal of Research on the Leptdoptera, 1997-1999 Member, Recovery Team, El Segundo Blue Butterfly, U S Ftsh and Wtldhfe Servtce, 1997-1998 Travis Longcore Page 11 Member, Environmental Review Board, County of Los Angeles (appointed by Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors), 1997-present Editor, Western Tanager, newsletter of [he Los Angeles Audubon Society, 1997 Vice President, Los Angeles Audubon Soctety, 1995-1997 Coordinator, Los Angeles Audubon Soctety Btrdathon, 1996 (recognized by Nattonal Audubon Soctety, "Most Money Raised by a Rookie," September-October issue of Audubon magazine) Graduate Student Assoctahon Representative, UCLA Academic Senate Council on Planning and Budget, 1996-1999 Member, Graduate Affaus Committee, UCLA Department of Geography, 1995-1997 Member, Instructional Technology Committee, UCLA Department of Geography, 1993-1995 PROFESSIONAL AFFILIATIONS Ecologtcal Soctety of America Assoctahon of American Geographers Soctety for Ecologtcal Restoration Southern Cahforma Botanists California Botanical Soctety PUBLIC COMMUNICATION Associated Press, Boston Globe, Daily Breeze (Torrance, Cahforma), Daily Bruin (Westwood, Cahfor- ma), Los Angeles Trines, Metro Santa Cruz (Santa Cruz, Cahforma), Riverside Press-Enterprese (Rrver- stde, Cahforma), Sacramento News and Revrew (Sacramento, Cahforma), San Jose Mercerry News, Scnpps Howard News Service (Washington, DC), The Christian Scrence Monitor (Boston), The Globe and Marl (Toronto), Cnl forma Wrld, Discover, Lrfe, People, Scrence, Scrence News, Reader's Digest (Canada), Nattonal Geographic Television ("Amenca's Endangered Specter Don't Say Goodbye"), NBC Nightly News, ABC News, CNN Radio Espanol, Nattonal Public Radio ("Talk of the Nation"), BBC World Servtce ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF FUEL MODIFICATION ON ARTHROPODS AND OTHER WILDLIFE IN AN URBANIZING WILDLAND ~-- Travis Longcore The Urban Wddlands Group, PO Box 24020, Los Angeles, CA 90024 ABSTRACT Fire protection ordinances mandate clearing of large areas of native vegetation around new and existing structures m southern Cahforma Such destruction of wddtife habna[ is an mevnable result of development, but [he damage [o habitat rs undereshma[ed because of [he piecemeal manner m which development occurs Fne clearance and concomitant tmgauon transform terrestrial arthropod communities, which serve many ecosystem functions By comparing terrestrial arthropods a[ drsmrbed and undisturbed coastal sage scrub sues, [he eltects of fire clearance can be extrapolated, mcludmg mteracuon of mvasrve exotic arthropods, chmmanon of rop predators and other sensmve arthropod specter, and an overall reduction m native arthropod diversity Such changes m [he arthropod community are likely to have resonating effects on wtldhfe drvenrty that extend beyond the area of fire clearance nself For urban¢mg wddlands such as the Santa Monica Moun[ams, the legal context and rate of development make fuel modtficahon a vgnrficant threat to ecosystem health devwordt arthropods, brush clearance, Cab Corma chaparral, coastal sage scrub, fire clearance fuel management, Santa Monwa Mouo- tams wildfire Citation Longcore T 2003 Ecological el fec[s of fuel modification on arthropods and other wtldhfe m an urbanizing wddland Pages I I 1-117 tit K E M Galley, R C Klinger, and N G Sugthaza (eds) Proceedings of Fire Conference 2000 The Fvst National Congress on Ftre Ecology, Prevention and Management Miscellaneous Publication No 13 Tall Timbers Research S[auon, Tallahassee, FL INTRODUCTION Removal of vegetation is one of many manage- ment strategies [o reduce the risk of structures burning during wildfires on the urban-wddland interface The practice of fuel modification or vegetation manage- ment has widespread application along with uructural desgn (i e ,roofing, chimneys, stdmg) and local mfra- struc[ure (i e , access routes, water supply) m mmr mizmg fire danger for homes (Vicars 1999) Perhaps because fuel-modification activities are spread across the landscape, the ecological effects of policies re- gwnng extensive clearance of native vegetation are generally not convdered by either fire-prevention pro- fessionals or fire ecologists However, the wmulative effects of fuel-management practices on ecosystems are likely to be significant Thts paper reviews the ef- fects of fuel-modification practices on native plants and animals, with special attention given to [errestnal arthropods Effects of these practices are weighed agams[ [he benefits of vegetation removal for fire pre- vention with a discussion of the potential for reducing clearance area it rt is accompanied by other fire-pre- vention techniques The Santa Monica Mountains m southern Cahfor- ma provide a case study on the effects of fire clearance on native ecosystems The east-west moun[am range extends from near downtown Los Angeles westward to Ventura County bisecting much of urban Los An- geles The vegetation is a diverse mix of wetlands, riparian forests, oak woodlands, chaparral and coastal sage scrub Because of the proximity of the mountain range to dense urban occupation, it is a tavonte site for those seeking a rural reVea[ or commuter home This intense urbamzatmn pressure adds to the potential future of fuel modtficahon that perforce accompanies development The Fuel Modification Plnn Gurdelanes (http //www lacofd org/Forestry_folder/fuel htm) were developed [o help reduce the threat of fire m high haz- ard areas m this region (County of Los Angeles Ftre Department 1998) FUEL-MODIFICATION LAWS Fire-clearance ordinances are found m all3unsdic- hons mthe Santa Monica Mountains The Los Angeles County gwdehnes (County of Los Angeles Ftre De- parunent 1998) apply to the ma3onty of the undevel- oped portion of the range These gwdehnes were pre- pared pursuant to the Los Angeles County Fire Code for buildings m very high fire hazard zones, a classi- fication that applies to the entire area of the mountains Addmonally, there are California statutes that require fire clearance (Cahforma Public Resources Code § 4291), as do ordinances m the Ctty of Los Angeles and Ciry of Malibu These laws are extremely pow- erful, trumping even private property rights Because native vegetation is deemed to be a hazard, a property owner wish no structures can be forced, at tits or her own expense, to clear native vegetation from his or her property to provide protection for a structure on an ad3acent property Current regulatory standards do not recognize the ecological value or ecosystem ser- vices of native vegetation m high fire danger areas, rather they treat such vegetation as if rt were poten- tially explosive The only propertes m [he Santa Mon- 111 ~J 112 LONGCORE ica Mountains that are not subJect to strict enforcement of fire-clearance standards are federal and state park- lands, which thus far have not been legally obligated to destroy native habitat for [he sake of fire protection However, parkland managers are under intense politi- cal pressure to clear vegetatmn surzoundmg the prop- erties of adJacent landowners (Pool 2000) Within this regulatory context, i evaluate the eco- logical effects of the predominant fire-clearance stan- dards established by the County of Los Angeles and implemented m the Santa Monica Mountains These gmdelmes provide the basis for fuel-modification plans for new and remodeled structures m the mountmns, and effectively mimic [he standards enforced by [he Los Angeles County Ftre Department for all structures A fuel-modification plan must establish four zones sur- rounding structures (County of Los Angeles Ftre De- partment 1998 4-5) Zone A, the Setback Zone, ex- tends 6 m (20 feet) around all structures Most vege- tation mthis zone is limited to "ground covers, green lawns, and a limited number of selected ornamental plants " Within thn mite, the gwdehnes regmre "[i~rngation by automatic or manual sprinkler systems to maintain healthy vegetation with high moisture con- tent "Zone B, the Imgahon Zone, allows that "~s~ome native or existing vegetation may remain if spaced and maintained free of dead wood "but where "[a] large percentage of existing vegetation may be re- moved and replaced with appropriate irrigated fire re- sistant and drought tolerant plant material " Zone C, the Thinning Zone, requires that native vegetation be heavily thinned and selectively replaced by ornamental species Certain native plant species are prohibited m [his tone because of their flammability All dead veg- etation must be removed and fine fuels reduced to 7 6 cm (3 inches) above the ground Zone D, the Interface Thinning Zone, convsts of native vegetation throned [o reduce total mass While the gwdehnes provide for some flexibility of implementation of the size of these four zones, they are almost uniformly implemented where the first three zones are m the first 30 5 m (100 fee[) from the structure, and [he fourth zone is an ad- ditional 30 5 m, with total fuel modification of 61 m (200 feet) surrounding each structure By comparison, the Gty of Los Angeles brush-clearance gwdehnes re- quire 61 m of clearance m high fire-hazard areas, whereas m the thinning zone (30 5-61 m) shrubs must be spaced at a minimum of 5 5 m (18 fee[) apart The insurance industry has greatly influenced the application of fuel-modification gwdehnes For prop- erties with high fire hazard, [he insurer of last resort is the Cahforma Fav Access [o Insurance Regmre- ments (FAIR) Plan For properties within designated "brush areas" (so designated by the Insurance Servic- es Office), the FAIR Plan assesses a surcharge based on [he amount of clearance surzoundmg a property Since the most recent revision of these charges m 1999, all structures with less than 61 m of brush clear- ance are assessed surcharges, ranging from $0 13 to $2 52 per hundred dollars of insurance, based on clear- ance distance and other hazard factors, including dis- tance to fire starion, roof type, and type of coverage Prior to these revisions, surcharges were assessed m some areas if clearance was less than 122 m (400 feet) Combined with the county regulations, the FAIR Plan surcharge system guarantees [hat all structures m the Santa Monica Mountains have at least 61 m of fuel modification In 2000, a legislative bill introduced by California Stale Senator Sheila Kuehl (AB 1983) es- tablished that if a property owner failed to provide brush clearance for a structure on an adJacent property, [he owner (not the neighbor owning the structure) is assessed [he FAIR Plan surcharge (California Insur- ance Code § 10100 2) The area affected by fire clearance depends on the distance from the structure [hat requires modification This area increases geometrically with the increasing radms of the circle of clearance required For example, assuming [hat a home has no area, 30 5 m of clearance would attest 0 29 ha (0 72 acres) of vegetation, 45 75 m (150 feet) affects 0 66 ha (1 62 acres), and 61 m affects 1 17 ha (2 88 acres) Assuming a reasonably sized home, 61 m of fire clearance results m the de- struction of 1 21 ha (3 acres) of surrounding habitat These habitat modifications have profound effects on the flora and fauna of [he immediate area and have the potential [o cause significant landscape-level effects LOCAL EFFECTS OF FUEL MODIFICATION Arthropods Although arthropods represent over 65% of Earth's described taxa and play many important eco- logical roles (Wilson 1987 Samways 1990 56), they receive little attention m discussions of fire manage- ment, except as pests that may promote fire However, as a group, arthropods have received increasing atten- tion as useful monitors of ecological conditions (Kre- men et al 1993, Abensperg-Traun e[ al 1996, Jansen 1997, Rykken et al 1997, Williams 1997, Mattom et al 2000) Arthropods have short generation times re- spond quickly to environmental perturbations, and are easily collected for environmental monitoring Rela- tively little has been written about the arthropods of coastal cage scrub and chaparral (Force 1981, Prentice e[ al 1998, Longcore 1999, Bolger et al 2000) How- ever, my study (Longcore 1999) and the extensive work completed by others on [he spread of exotic ar- thropods mCahforma and elsewhere (Holway 1995, 1998u,$ 1999, Human and Gordon 1996, Way et al 1997, Human et al 1998, Kennedy 1998, Suarez et al 1998, 2000) allow for sufficient detail to predict the effects of fire clearance on arthropod commumaes I analyzed the results of a 5-year survey of the terzestnal arthropods m coastal sage scrub habitats on [he Palos Verdes Peninsula m southwestern Los An- geles County (Longcore 1999) Undisturbed, dis- turbed, and restored coastal sage scrub habitats were continuously trapped with pitfall traps from 1994 to 1998 The coastal sage scrub of [he Palos Verdes Pen- insula is similar to [hat of the Santa Monica Moun- tains, and [he general patterns observed there can be -~ ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF FUEL MODIFICATION U o a r t(Y . . ~ 4 • -O S 0 5 10 1S 20 2S 3 DCAI Fig 1 Detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) of aithro- pod communities sampled at undisturbed (+), disturbed (x), and restored (~) coastal sage scrub habitats on the Palos Ver- des Peninsula, California (modified from Longcore 1999) extrapolated to the chaparral, riparian forests, and oak woodlands of the Santa Monica Mountains Arthropod commumnes m cleared areas are likely to be similar to those at both disturbed and restored sites First, the removal of nauve vegetation and concomitant invasion of annual grasses typical of fire-clearance areas m the Santa Monica Mountains produce condmons sunilar to the dtsturbed coastal sage scrub at Palos Verdes Both have low, regenerating shrub cover, but are drastically simplified m terms of structural diversity and total shrub cover compared to mature shrublands Second, sites that undergo fuel modification have some stmr lannes to sites that have been restored In this respect, both restored sites and sites subject to fuel modifica- tion are mechanically dtsturbed and are subject to ar- tificial irrigation To detect differences and similarities among ar- thropod communities at dtsturbed, native, and restored sites m Palos Verdes, 1 performed detrended corre- spondence analysts using log-hanstormed arthropod abundance (Longcore 1999) The resulting ordination (Figure 1) showed a clear distinction between restored sites and all other sites on the first axis Thts axis is negatively associated with arthropod diversity (rz = 0 46, P < 0 0001) On the second axis, habitats are separated by vegetation height with dtsturbed habitats scoring higher and nauve habitats with more structural complexity scoring lower The restorations also showed the same pattern with younger restoration ar- eas scoring higher on the second axis The effect of vegetation height on the second axis is grate clear, with 56% of the variation m this axis explained by a height index of vegetation calculated for each site Fire-clearance activities will also substantially af- fect arthropod community composition by reducing the complexity of vegetation Relating the first axis to fire- clearance practices requires further information The 113 axis is also correlated wtth increased abundance of the invasive Argenhne ant (Grnepethema humrle), which explains S6% of the variation m diversity at all saes (P < 0 001) The deleterious effect of Argenhne ants on native arthropods is well documented, with numer- ous studies reporting a decrease m arthropod diversity as Argenhne ant abundance increases (Erickson 1971, Cole et al L992, Human and Gordon 1996, 1997, Hol- way 1998a, Kennedy 1998) Fuel modification m- creases the abundance of Argenhne ants by providing two conditions that increase invasion a water source (Holway 19986. Human et al 1998) and increased dis- turbance (Human et al 1998) Water sources are pro- vided by the mandatory imgated zone, and disturbance is an ongoing result of vegetation removal Argenhne ants invade far beyond the water sources and into sur- rounding undisturbed habitats, with increased abun- dance documented to a distance of up to 200 m (656 feet) (Suarez et al 1998) Community-level analysis indicates that the spe- cies composition will change and overall diversity will decrease when habitats are subjected to fuel modtfi- catton Disturbed sites have fewer predators such as scorpions (Scorprones) and trap-door spiders (Ctent- ztdae), and are dominated by exotic arthropods, such as Argenhne ants, European earwigs (Forfruda nurr- ur/aria), pillbugs and sowbugs (Armadrlhdrum vadgare and Porcellro spp ), and the sowbug killer spider (Dyr- rlera crocata) (Longcore 1999) These changes m ar- thropod species diversity will have resonating impacts on vertebrates that consume arthropods as prey spe- cies Suarez et al (2000) showed that coastal horned lizards (Pl:rynosonw coronatunt) prefer native ants (Pogonomynnex spp and Messor spp) as their food source, and populations decline when these species are eliminated by invading Argentine ants Birds Fuel-modification practices by definition decrease the structural diversity of chaparral and coastal sage scrub habitats Resident and migratory bird specter will respond to these changes m predictable ways Stralberg (2000) identified three categories of birds m the Santa Monica Mountains local and long-distance migrants, chaparral-associated species, and urban-as- sociated specter (Table 1) Her study showed that abundance of migrants and chaparral-associated buds decreases closer to edges with urban developments, while abundance of urban-assoaated species increases The effects of urbanizatwn [[self will increase edges across the mountains, and fire clearance greatly exac- erbates the effect Stralberg's (2000) explanatory mod- el shows that the increasing percentage of urban area on a landscape scale explains variation m bird com- mumhes not explained by site variables Similarly, Bolger et al (19976) found decreased denvties of sen- sitive species m response to increased edge and frag- mentation msouthern California chaparral Many of the urban-associated bird species are also nest predators (e g , western scrub day )Aphelocomu cnlrfornrca], American crow [Corvus brachyrhyn- 114 LONGCORE Table 1 Swtes of bird species in the Santa Monica Mountains, California (Stralberg 2000) Suite Species Local and long-distance Ash-throated flycatcher, Myiarchus cr- migrants nerascens Pacifro-slope flycatcher, Emprdonax drH~cr6s Phainopepla, Pharnopepla nrtens Black-headed grosbeak, Pheuctrcus melanocephalus Chaparral-associated spe- Bewick's wren, Thryomanes bewrckrr ties Wrentit, Chamaea /asaata Blue-gray gnatcatcher, Polrophla ca- erulea California thrasher, Toxostoma redrm- vum Orange-crowned warbler, Vermrvora celata Rufous-crowned sparrow, Armophrla ruf~ceps Spotted towhee, Prprlo maculatus Californa towhee, Prprlo cnssalrs Urban-associated speces Mourning dove, Zenarda macroura American crow, Corvus brachyrhyn- chos Western scrub-lay, Aphelocoma calr- lomrca Northern mockingbird, Mrmus polyglot- tos chos]) As edges and abundance of these specter in- crease, nest predation on chaparral-associated specter will increase (Langen et al 1991, Hogrefe et al 1998, Soderstrom et al 1998) which may reduce popula- tions of chaparral-associated bud species (Schmidt and Whelan 1999) While I do not dtswss mammals and reptiles m detail, similar patterns of decreasing diversity and m- ereasmg dominance by exotic species would result from fire clearance (Dickman 1987, Bolger et al 1997a) Plants and Cryptobtottc Crust Fuel-modtficauon activ[[[es result no[ only m the removal of nauve vegetation but m the active pro- motion of exotic specter surrounding structures The Fuel Mod(ficat(on Plan Gutdelutei (County of Los An- geles Frre Department L998) provide a list of recom- mended plan[ species for [he first three fuel-modifi- cahon zones (Zones A-C) Of 369 species fisted, only 33 (9%) are native to Los Angeles County, and at least 8 are recognized as noxious weeds m California (County of Los Angeles Fve Department 1998) For example, capeweed (Arctotheca calendula) and Cht- nese tallow tree (Snpeum seb(ferum) are recommended by the county mfuel-modtficauon Tones, but are listed as "Red Alert" species with the potential to spread explosively by [he California Exotic Pest Plant Coun- cil (1999) Other weedy plant speaes recommended by the county include ACGC(a spp , Gazanta rigem, Goh(cera ~apontca, Echaum fattuosurn, Cotoneuuer spp , Eucalyptus spp ,and Verbena spp In addition to the purposeful introduction of m- vasive species, [he disturbance associated with fire clearance promotes the mvaston of plant species al- ready associated with restdenhal development Over half of the nonnative species m the Santa Monica Mountairn are associated with disturbed areas, mclud- mg cleared areas (Runde) 2000) This relationship be- tween invasive exotics and disturbance is found throughout California and m other Mediterranean re- gions (Kotanen 1997, Runde) 1998) The understory areas subject [o fuel modification are rapidly dominat- ed by mvavve exotic gnnses and forbs As discussed extensively elsewhere (e g ,Mooney et al 1986 Mm- mch and Dezzam 1998, Runde) 1998), invasive plan[ specter can profoundly atfect ecosystem structure and function by modifying fire regimes, nutrient cycling, and erosion patterns As fuel modification increases the dtsturbed area across the landscape, mvavve spe- cter, aided by ongoing disturbance and irrigation, will continue to invade adjacent nauve habitats Invasive specter are of special concern [o federal land mama err, m fight of the Executive Order (13112) on Inva- sive Specter (3 February 1999) regwrmg federal agen- cies to prevent invasive specter mtroducuons and to restore habitats invaded by mvastve species, while pro- hibthng sanding of any acuvmes that would promote the spread of mvastve specter unless "the benefits of such actions clearly outweigh the potential harm caused by invasive species" (Section 2a(3)) Beyond promoting the invasion of vascular plants, fuel modtficauon disrupts the cryptobmtic crusts that form on sods m and environments Sotl cruets com- posed of lichens, mosses, algae, fang[, and bacteria are common m and and semiarid regions of the world (Belnap 1993, St Clas and Johansen 1993, Lestca and Shelley 1996) The adhesive quahnes of mucilaginous polysaccharides exuded by blue-green algae and fang[ reduce erovon by increasing soil cohesion (Belnap and Gardner 1993) Crusts oho increase essential mineral availability (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe) and promote my- corrhi~al assoctauons (Harper and Pendleton 1993) However, crusts are eavly dtsturbed and recover slow- ly from disruption (Johansen et al 1997) LANDSCAPE EFFECTS OF FIRE CLEARANCE The local ecological etfec[s of fire clearance are clearly deleterious [o native plants, arthropods, buds, and other wddhfe The cumulative effect of these prac- tices poses a risk to landscape connectivity and water- shed health The Cahtorma Coastal Commissmn recently com- pleted an assessment of cumulative impacts to key re- sources mthe area under its ~unsdtction m the Santa Monica Mountains (California Coastal Commissron 1999) Their study area, which encompassed [he ma- ~onty of the Santa Monica Mountains, included 33,124 ha (81,850 acres) m Los Angeles and Ventura counties m which there were 9,352 dwellings The Commisvon estimated the potential for between 5,522 and 8,396 additional structures, depending on whether or not fur- ther subdrvismn is allowed The fuel-modification area ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF FUEL MODIFICATION regwred for these s[rucmres will depend on how they are dispersed across the landscape At the extreme if one assumes no clustering and a tuel-modification area of 121 ha (3 acres) per structure and full subdivision, then the potential new development would destroy roughly 9,700 ha (24,000 acres), or 30%o of the enure region It one assumes the likely scenario of moderate clustering with total average clearance of 0 4-0 6 ha (I-I 5 acres) per structure, then new development would consume 3,200-4,800 ha (8,000-12,000 acres) of habitat through fire clearance (10°lo-IS%) Ot the potential new structures, 470 are close enough to state and federal parklands to create pressure for clearance of these public lands (California Coastal Commisson 1999) While explicit geographic analysts of the distri- bution of existing fire clearance and future develop- ment remains to be completed the magnitude of wild- hte habitat currently and potentially subjected to clear- ance has a significant adverse etfect on ecosystem health For example, the denudation trom fuel modi- hcanon results m increased stormwater How higher peak Hows, and more suspended solids m the streams that drain into the Pacific Ocean from the mountains (Radtke 1983), decreasing water quality for rare and endangered fishes Transformation of vegetative cover from chaparral to annual grasses increases erosion and landslides m watersheds (Rtt et al 1978) As more development occurs along roads, fire clearance extends the divisive effect of roads to create a barrier of m- hospitable habitat for native buds and mammak that is close to 305 m (1 000 tee[) across The cumulative effect of this will be landscape fragmentation greater than now experienced, even m areas designated as wtldhte condors POTENTIAL FOR POLICY CHANGE It the negative environmental eftech of tuel mod- ification are accepted, what latitude exish for changes m the current pohciesv Protection of human hte and property n the top priority of fuel management, so the challenge is for policies to ensure [he safety of fire- fighters and residents while minimizing ecological harm One way is to minimize construction m high fire danger zones, whuh would keep both property and firefighters out of harm's way In analysing [he envi- ronmental impacts of development m high fire danger areas, the ecological destruction wrought by fire clear- ance should be considered fully A second way to minimize ecological damage is to change the fuel-modification standards themselves This is likely to be difficult because of the public per- ception that such clearance is necessary and the finan- ual pressure exerted by insurers to clear vegetation around homes The 61-m clearance required by the Cahforma FAIR plan exemplifies thw pressure How- ever, thn standard is not based on any published sa- enhfic study, rather, the published literature on fire clearance shows that more than 30 5 m clearance is no[ necessary I15 Table 2 Structure loss from the 1961 Bel Air fire, California, by brush clearance and roof Type (from Howard et al 1973) Structure loss Brush clearance Approved roofs Unapproved roofs 0-9 m (0-30 feet) 67/275 = 24 3 % 158/319 = 49 5 9-20 m (30-60 feet) 13/239 = 5 4 % 104/363 = 28 6 20-32 m (60-100 feet) 2/118 = 1 6 % 28/195 = 14 4 32+ m (100+ feet) 1/151 = 07% 31/310 = 148% As reviewed by Cohen (2000a), structures can ig- nite intwo ways during a wildfire Fust, firebrands (burning pieces of material) can be blown onto the structure and m immediate surroundings, causing them [o ignite Thts ignitmn depends largely on the flammability of the structure and the (ornamental) veg- etation immediately around it Ftre clearance does tittle to reduce thn type of ignition because firebrands can be blown onto a structure from a significant distance Second, structures can be heated by a fire to the point of combustion which is influenced by fire-clear- ance dtstance Cohen has investigated this type of ig- nmon through models and experiments and shown [ha[ 10-30 m (33-100 tee[) is the clearance needed [o pre- vent ignition (Cohen 2000a,b) This clearance distance is supported by retrospective studies of structure sur- vival following fire, which show 90% structure sur- vival with 10-20 m (33-66 feet) of clearance and non- flammable roots This is illustrated m the pattern of loss from [he 1961 Bel Av fire m [he eastern portion of the Sanw Monica Mountains (Howard et al 1973) (Table 2) and [he 1990 Santa Barbara "Pam[' fire (Foote 1996) In the Bel Av fire, [he probability of loss for structures with fire-resistant roofs was only 0 7% (1 of I51) with 30 5 m of clearance By contrast, structures with flammable roofs had at least a 144% chance of loss no matter how much clearance was pro- vided (Howard et al 1973) Howard et al (1973) therefore recommended brush clearance of 30 5 m and enforcement of lire-resistant roofs to minimize losses It seems to be poor public policy to require 61 m of clearance m the absence of evidence that it reduces structure loss or increases safety While 30 5 mot clearance is clearly supported, the additional 30 5 m of clearance quadruples the loss of habitat while pro- viding no additional structure protection Furthermore, predictive models of structure loss show that brush clearance is less important [o structure safety than re- moving flammable objects near the structure, having a Ule roof, having a low pitch roof, or having back, stone, or block walls (Wilson 1984) Fuel-modification guidelines could also be changed to make the practices more amenable to bi- ological resource values Firs[, landscaping beyond the first 6 m surrounding structures should be limited to native vegetation occurring m [he local area This would eliminate [he invasive species currently planted m many fuel-modification zones, and keep the benefits of [he deep and extensive root systems charactensnc of Mediterranean plants Second, the imgation Tone could be eliminated to minimize [he invasion of exotic arthropods into fuel-modification areas These changes 116 LONGCORE must be accompanied by strict enforcement of fire- resistant construction (both for new development and existing structures), and close attention to vegetation immediately adJacent to structures Any changes to cunent fuel-modification gwde- hnes must be convdered carefully and discussed with firefighters and insurance industry representatives to ensure [ha[ structures remain adequately protected and firefighter safety is maintained While the solutions may require long negotiation and political will to im- plement, rt nappropriate to begin a public policy diti- cussion on the effects of fuel modification Such ef- forts must be accompanied by public education about the science of structure protection, dispelling the myth that more clearance always guarantees a safer struc- ture Rather, property owners must be [aught to accept responsibility for the flairimabiltty of their structures and immediate surroundings-a home with a wood shingle roof n Just as vulnerable with 61 m of clear- ance as with 30 5 m of clearance Acknowledgment of the significant impacts ro bi- ological resources discussed m this paper should also lead to more careful environmental review of policy decivom establishing fuel-modification reyuiremen[s to allow for Cull disclosure of impacts and formulation of appropriate mitigation measures For example, an Environmental Impact Report could have been pre- pared [o disclose and analyze the impacts of [he Coun- ty of Los Angeles Fire Department (1998) Fuel Mod- tficunon Plan CwdelLnes Such full and open policy discusswns may result m different fuel-modification practices, incentives to avoid construction m fire dan- ger zones, or other mechanisms ro maintain life and property while protecting the beauty and biological di- versity of our remaining wddlands ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 1 [hank Anya-Krishna Kroeger for research assis- tance, Kevin Shaffer for encouraging my partiupation m [he conference, and Catherine Rtch for constructive editorial comments All remaining enon are my own LITERATURE CITED Abensperg-Traun M G T Smith G W Amold, and D E Stev- en 1996 The effects of habnat fragmentation and live- stock-grazing on animal communities m remnants of gimlet Eucalyptus solubns woodland m the Western Australmn wheatbe[1 I Arthropods Joumal of Applied Ecology 33 1281-1301 Belnap 1 1993 Recovery rates of cryp[obioue, crusts moculant use and auessment methods Great Basin Naturalist 53 89- 95 Belnap, J ,and 1 S Gardner 1993 Soil microstruuure m soils of the Colorado Plateau [he role of the cyanobactenum Mrrroudeus vngmatur Great Bavn Namraln[ 63 40-47 Bolger, D T A C Alberts, R M SauvaJot, P Potenza C Mc- Calvm, U Tran, S Mazzoni, and M E SoulE 1997u Re- sporne of rodents [o habitat fragmentation m coastal south- ern California Ecologreal Appbcauons 7 552-563 Bolger, D T TA Scott and J T Rosenberry 1997h Breeding bird abundance m an urban¢mg landscape m coas[alsouth- ern California Conservation Biology I1 406-421 Bolger, D T, A V Suarez K R Crooks, S A Mortison, and TJ Case 2000 Arthropods m urban habitat fragments m south- ern California area, age and edge effects Ecological Ap- phcauons 10 1230-1248 Cabfornia Coastal Commission 1999 Findings and recommen- dations for the Santa Monica Mountams/Mabbu Regmnal Cumulative Assessment Protect (ReCAP) Cahfomia Coas[- aI Commissmn, San Francisco Cahfomia Exotic Pest Plant Council 1999 The CaIEPPC list exotic pest plants of greatest ecological concern m Cahfor- ma Cahfomta Exotic Pest Plant Council, San Juan Capis- trano Cohen, J D 2000n Preventing disaster home igmtabihty m the wddland-urban mlerface Journal of Forestry 98(3) 15-21 Cohen, 1 D 2000b What n the wildland fire threat to homcs~ Thompson Memorial Lecture 110 April 2000], School of Forestry, Northern Anrona University, Flagstaff Cole, FR , A C Medeiros, L L Loope, and W W Zuehlke 1992 Effects of [he Argentine ant on arthropod fauna for Hawai- ian high-elevation shmbland Ecology 73 1313-1322 County of Los Angeles Ftre Department 1998 Fuel modifica- tion plan gwdelmes (or prolecis located m fire gone 4 or very high fire hazard seventy zones County of Los Angeles Fire Department, Los Angeles, CA Dickman, C R 1987 Habitat fragmentation and vertebrate spe- cies richness m an urban environment Joumal of Appbed Ecology 24 337-352 Enekson, J M 1971 The displacement of native an[ species by the introduced Argentine ant Indomyrmex humdrs (Mayr) Psyche 78 257-266 Foote, E [ D 1996 Structural survival on [he 1990 Santa Bar- bara "Paint' lire a retrospective study of urban-wddland mlerface fire hazard mmganon factors M S Thesis, Uno- versrty of California at Berkeley Force D C 1981 Postfire insect succession m southern Cato- forma chaparral American Naturalist 117 575-582 Harper K T and R L Pendleton 1993 Cyanobactena and cy- anohchens Can they enhance avadabduy of essential min- erals for higher plants Great Basin Naturalist 53 59-72 Hogrefe, TC R H Yahner and N H Piergalhm 1998 Depre- dation of artificial ground nests m a suburban versus a rural landscape Journal of the Pennsylvania Academy of Setence 72 3-6 Holway, D A 1995 Dn[ribution of [he Argentine an[ (Gnepr- themu humde) m northern California Conservation Biology 9 1634-1637 Holway, D A 1998u Eftec[ of Argentine an[ invasions on ground-dwelling arthropods m northem California npanan woodlands Oecologia 116 252-258 Holway, D A 19986 Factors governing rate of invasion a nat- ural expenmenl using Argentine ants Oecologia 115 206- zlz Holway D A 1999 Competitive mechanisms underlying [he displacement of native ants by [he invasive Argentine ant Ecology 80 238-251 Howard, R A D W North FL Offensend, and C N Smart 1973 Decision analysis of fire protection strategy for the Santa Monma mountains an initial assessment Stanford Research Insutme Menlo Park, CA Human, K G , and D M Gordon 1996 Explouanon and inter- ference competition between the mvasrve Argentine an[, Lr- neptthema hunnle, and native ant species Oecologta 105 405-412 Human, K G and D M Gordon 1997 Effects of Argentine ants on invertebrate bmdivenrty m northem Cahfomia Conser- vation Biology II 1242-1248 Human, K G S Wens A Weiss, B Sandler, and D M Gordon 1998 Etfec[s of abm[ic factors on the dismbunon and ac- tivity of the mvasrve Argentine an[ (Hymenoptera Formt- cidae) Environmental Entomology 27 822-833 Jansen, A 1997 Tertes[nal invertebrate community s[rncnire as ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF FUEL MODIFICATION an indicator of [he success o(a tropical rmn(ores[ res[om- uon prgec[ Restoration Ecology 5 I IS-124 Johansen, J R L L St Cimr, V A Flechmer, D Evans, and S Warren 1997 The use oC cyanobactenal amendments [o enhance recovery of disturbed cryptogmmc crusts m high desert sues Amencan Journal of Botany 84 153 Kennedy TA 1998 Pattcrm of an invasion by Argentine ants (Lmepidtema hunule) m a npanan comdor and rts effeca on ant diversity Amencan Midland Namrahs[ 140 343- 350 Ko[anen PM 1997 Ef(eus of experimental sod disturbance on revegetauon by nativex and exotics m coastal Californian meadows Journal of Applied Ecology 34 631-644 Kremen C R K Colwell TL Erwin D D Murphy R F Noss, and M A Sanlayan 1993 '1>:resinal arthropod assemblag- es [heir use m conxervation planning Conservation Btol- ogy 7 796-808 Langen TA DT Bolger, and TJ Case 1991 Predation on artificial bud nests m chaparal fragments Oecologia 86 395-40I Lexica, P, and J Shelley 1996 Etfects of crypmgamtc soil crust nn the population dynamics of Arubrc feauida Amencan Midland Naturaha 128 53-60 Longcore T R 1999 Terrestrial arthropods as indicators of res- toration succesx m coastal sage scrub PhD Thesis, Unr versny of Cahforma at Los Angeles Maltom R , T Longcorq and V Novotny 2000 Arthropod mom[onng for line-wale hahrtat analysts a case study of the EI Segundo dunes Envuonmcntal Management 25 445- 452 Mmmch, R A , and R 1 Dezzam 1998 lintoncal decline of coastal sage scnib m the Riverside-Ferns Plain, Calrforma Western Buds 29 366-391 Mooney, H A S P Hamburg and J A Drake I I86 The mva- siotn of plane and ammalx into Cahforma Pages 250-272 m H A Mooney and J A Drake (eds) 8cology of biolog- ical invasions of North America and Hawau Springer-Ver- Iag, New York Pitt, M D R H Burgy and H F Heady 1978 Influences of brush conversrun and weather patierm on runoff from a northern Cahforma waterxhed Journal of Range Manage- ment 31 23-27 Pool B 2000 Couples fire hazard catch-22 Los Angeles Trines April 24 BI B3 Prentice TR J C Burger, W R Icenogle and R A Redak 1998 Spiders from Utegan coastal sage scmb (Arachmda Araneae) Pan-Pacific Entomologts[ 74 181-202 Radtke K 1983 Living more safely m the chaparal-urban in- terface General Technical Report PSW-67 U S Depart- ment of Agncullure Forest Service, Pacihc Southwest Re- xearch Station Berkeley CA Rundel PW 1998 Landscape dnturbancem Mediteranean-type ecosystems mi overview Pages 3-22 ur PW Rundel, G Montenegro .mil F laksic (eds) Landuape dixturbance 117 and btodtversity m Mediterranean-type ecosystems Spnng- er-Verlag Berlin Germany Rundel, PW 2000 Alien species m [he flora and vegetation of [he Santa Monica Mountains, Cahforma pa[[erna, process- es and management implications Pages 145-152 m J E Keeley M Baer-Keeley and C 7 Fothenngham (edx) 2nd interface between ecology and land development m Cah- forma U S Geological Survey, Sacramento, CA Rykken, J 1 , D E Capen, and S P Mahabtr 1997 Ground bee- tles as indicators of land type drversrty m [he Green Moun- tains of Vermont Conservation Biology 1 1522-530 Samways, M ] 1990 Insect conservation biology Chapman and Hall London Um[ed Kingdom Schmidt K A , and C J Whelan 1999 The relative impac[x of nest predation and brood parasinsm on xeasonal fecundity m songbirds Conservation Btology 13 46-57 Soders[rom B , T Part and 1 Ryden 1998 Different nest pred- ator faunas and nest predation risk on ground and shrub nests a[ forest ecotones an experiment and a review Oec- ologta 117 108-115 S[ Claa, L L , and J R Johansen 1993 In[roducuon [o the sym- posmm on sml crust communtfies Great Basin Nainrahst 53 1-4 Stralberg, D 2000 Landscape-level urbanization effects on chaparral buds a Santa Monica Mountains case study Pag- es 125-136 m 1 E Keeley, M Baer-Keeley, and C 1 Foth- enngham (eds) 2nd interface between ecology and land development m California U S Geological Survey, Sacra- mento, CA Suarez, A V, DT Bolger, and TJ Case 1998 Effects of frag- mentahon and invaston on namve an[ communittes on coast- al southem Cahforma Ecology 79 2041-2056 Suarez, A V, J Q Rshmond, and TJ Case 2000 Prey selection m horned bzards following the invaston of Argentine ants m southern California Ecological Applications 10 711- 725 Vicars, M fed) 1999 FineSmart protecting your community from wildfire Partners m Protection, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada Way, M J, M E Cammell, M Patva, and C A Colhngwood 1997 Dis[nbuhon and dynamics of the Argentine an[ G- neptthema (lndomyrmex) humde (Mayr) m relation [o veg- eta[tory soil conditions, topography and native competitor ants m Portugal Insec[es Soctaux 44 415-433 Williams, K S 1997 Terestnal arthropods as ecological mdr ca[ors of habitat resinration m southwestern North America Pages 238-258 in K M Urbanska, N R Webb, and PJ Ed- wards (eds) Restoration ecology and xustamable develop- ment Cambridge Unrverstty Press, Cambridge, Um[ed Kingdom Wilson, A A G 1984 Assessing [he bushfire hazard of houses a quantitative approach Technical Paper No 6, National Centre for Rural Fue Research, Melbourne, Australia Wilson E O 1987 The little things [hat run the world ([he im- portance and conservation of invertebrates) Conservation Btology 1 344-346 Landscape Ecology vol 6 no 4 pp 269-278 (1992) SPB Academ¢ Publishing bv, The Hague Trail corridors as habitat and conduits for movement of plant species in Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado, USA Mary Benninger-Truax, John L Vankat and Robert L Schaefer Instuute of Environmental Sciences, Department of Botany, and Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Mtamt University, Oxford, OH 45056 Keywords disturbance, edge, exotic species, vegetation Abstract Ground-layer vegetation was sampled along selected trail comdors to determine whether comdors provide habitat for certain species and act as conduits for species movement Patterns of plant species composition were analyzed m relation to distance from trail edge, level of trail use, and distance from trailheads, (unc- tions, and campgrounds Species composition was significantly affected by distance from trail edge and level of trail use, as species were favored or inhibited by the condor, depending upon their growth habns Species composition was also affected by drstance from trailheads These findings, along with the presence of exotic species, indicate that trail comdors m Rocky Mountain National Park function as habitat and condmts for movement of plant species 1 Introduction The desire to allow public access into natural areas has resulted m construction of trails for pedestrian and equestrian use Trails are examples of tine corridors caused by disturbance, and this type of condor is characterized by a central portion de- void of biota due to continued inputs of energy (Bayfield 1973, Cole 1978, Forman and Godron 1986) Adjacent to the barren center may be cor- ridor edge communities which can exhibit distinct zonation (Clements 1928, Bates 1935, Dale and Weaver 1974, Hall and Kuss 1989) and contain both native and non-native species (Westhoff 1967, Cole 1978, 1981, Format and Godron 1981, Bright 1986) Colonization by exotic spemes is often facilo- rated by the ongoing disturbance characteristic of trails (Forman and Godron 1986, Hammi[t and Cole 1987) In addition to being necessarily disturbance-resistant, exotic and native species oc- cupymg the condor edge also may be favored by its microenviromnent (Bates 1935, Dale and Weaver 1974, Liddle and Greig-Smyth 1975, Cole 1978, Hall and Kuss 1989) Along with providing habitat for certain species, comdors may function as conduits of movement for plants and animals (Getz et al 1978, Wegner and Memam 1979, Baudry 1984, Forman and Go- dron 1986, Verkaar 1988, Hams and Gallagher 1989) Intersecting Ime comdors such as trail sys- tems form networks which may enhance this move- ment by providing numerous pathways and sources of species inputs (Forman and Godron 1981, 1986, Baudry 1984) These possible effects of line comdors, i e , maintenance of edge habitat and movement of spe- cies, are maJor concerns of resource managers responsible for natural areas Although others have studied the effects of read comdors on plant species composition (e g, Bates 1935, Dale and Weaver r- -~- 2i0 1974, Lrddle and Greig-Smith 1975), only one study considered distance from source populations (Bright 1986) and none approached both the habitat and conduct functions from a landscape ecology perspective Our oblechve was to determine whether trail cor- ridors functioned as habitat and conduits for move- ment of plant species m Rocky Mountain National Park (RMNP) We focused on patterns of plant species composition m relation to distance from the trail edge, degree of trail use, and distance from trailheads, functions, and campgrounds 2 Study area Rocky Mountain National Park is located mnorth- central Colorado, USA between 42" 10' and 40°32' north latitude and 105°31' and 105°41' west longitude The park encompasses 1060 kmz of the Front and Mummy Ranges of the Rocky Moun- tains, and elevations range from 2377 m on the eastern slopes to 4345 m at the summit of Longs Peak The vegetation m RMNP is divisible into mon- tane, subalpine, and alpine elevahonal zones This study investigated trailside vegetation in coniferous forests of the montane (2400-2700 m) and subal- pme (2700-3400 m) zones These forests are com- posed of mosaics of stands of different ages created by fire, wind, and insect disturbance (Peet 1981, 1988) They may be classified into several forest types based on elevation and moisture gradients (Peet 1981, 1988, Vankat 1990) With increasing elevation, the montane zone forests include a Prnus ponderosa foresttype,a Ptus ponderosa-Pseudo- tsuga menzeesu type, and a mixed type of Pecea engelmanntt, Abees laseocarpa, Pseudotsuga men- zeesu, and Popukts tremuloedes (nomenclature fol- lows Weber 1976) The dominant subalpine forest is a Puea engelmann:e-Abees laseocarpa, and a Prnus flexdrs type occurs on dry sites above 2800 m Two successional forests, a Prnus contorta type and a Populus trenruloedes type, can be found at all ele- vations 3. Methods From Untted States Geological Survey topographic maps we determined the locations and lengths of trails m RMNP We transposed the trails onto vege- tation maps (provided by the park's research office) to determine which traversed the various eleva- honal zones and the most common coniferous forest types, particularly the Prnus ponderosa, pr_ nus contorta, and Pecea engelmannn-A6tes tasr0- carpa Cypes Using information m the RMNP Trail Plan (1982), we selected two trails m each of three use types heavy pedestrian and equestrian, moder- ate pedestrian and equestrian, and light pedestrian and no equestrian (Benninger 1989) With regard to equestrian use, heavy and moderate were defined as annual use by >_ 3000 and < 500 horses, respective- ly Pedestrian use was defined qualitatively m the RMNP Trail Plan (1982) and verified by our field observations We could find no swtable trails with other combmahons of pedestrian and equestrian use In June-August 1988, we used adistance-mea- sunng wheel to divide each trail into 50 equal seg- ments with one sample sue each Sample sites were equidistant, and we randomly selected the distance from the trailhead to the first sue and the side of the trail for each site Potential sites located m meadows or other non-forested areas were not sam- pled At each forested sample site, we placed two O S x l m contiguous plots (to cover a 0 5 x 2 m area) along and perpendicular to the trail edge and a 0 5 x l m plot perpendicular to the trail and S m into the forest The 5 m distance represented forest interior conditions These plot posdions are re- ferred to as Edge 1, Edge 2, and Interior Within each plot, we identified all herbaceous and woody species <_ 1 m m height and estimated their cover using cover classes O-5, 6-20, 21-40, 41-60, 61-8Q, and 81-100% Our sampling design was intended to provide data at enough combmahons of site factors (slope, aspect, topography, etc) for the effects of these factors to average out across the plot positions and trail-use types We employed two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to determine effects of plot po- srtion and trail use on species richness, total plot 271 Tablet Results of two-way ANOVA tests examining the effects of plot posttton and trail use on spectes nchness, plot cover, and average spectes cover for (A) all spectes and (B) exotic spectes Plot posttton Trail use Postnon'use F-value p-value F-value p-value F-value p-value A/ Richness 2 96 0521 5 31 OOS 1 0 45 7705 Plot cover 47 16 0001 15 95 0001 0 36 8340 Avg spectes cover 24 71 0001 11 83 0001 1 21 3032 e) Richness 8 43 0007 2 31 1092 0 98 4273 Plat cover l 27 2888 0 61 5168 0 13 9695 Avg spectes cover 1 70 1923 0 38 6688 0 22 9253 cover, and average cover of spectes Least square means (LSM) was used to determine where signifi- cant differences occurred Because few spectes oc- curred at al] combinations of plot posttton and trail use, we used one-wayANOVA to determine effects of these factors on cover of mdrvidual taxa Chr square tests were employed to determine effects of plot posttton and trail use on frequency of occur- rence of individual taxa We used correlation analy- sts to determine whether nchness, plot cover, and average spectes cover were related to distances from trailheads, (unctions, and campsites for each plot position and along each trail-use type Alpha = 0 OS for all analyses 4. Results and discussion 4 1 Trail corridors as habitat Our findings demonstrate that trail comdors m RMNP provide habitat for vegetation different from the forest interior For example, 52 (29%) of the total of 178 taxa sampled at the 291 sites were restricted to one of the plot positions (30 restricted to Edge 1, 12 to Edge 2, and 10 to the Intenor) In addition,two-wayANOVA suggested (p= OS21) that plot posmon affected spemes richness (Table IA), and LSM showed that richness was sigmfi- cantly greater m plot position Edge 1 than Intenor (Fig lA) Also, plot cover and average spectes cover were lower m Edge 1 and 2 than in the Intenor plot posttton (Table lA, Figs 1B and 1C) Smcethe pioneering work of Bates (1935), differ- ences mthe composition of vegetation between the trail corridor and the matrix have been observed m coniferous forests (Dale and Weaver 1974, Cole 1978, 1981), deciduous forests (Hall and Kuss 1989), woodlands (Burden and Randerson 1972, Bright ]986), grasslands (Bates 1935, Chappell et al 1971, Burden and Randerson 1972), and sand dunes (Liddle and Greig-Smith 1975) There is a gradient from constant to rare disturbance from the center of the corridor into the matrix, and different plant spectes are favored at different positions along this gradient In addition to stress imposed on the vegetation via direct trampling, floristic differ- encesbetween the trail comdor and the matrix have been attributed to differences m fight intensity (Bates 1935, Dale and Weaver 1974, Cole 7978, Hal] and Kuss 1989), direct precipitation (Dale and Weaver ]974), grazing pressure (Dale and Weaver 1974, Cole 1981), soil density (Bates ]935), soil moisture (Bates 1935, Burden and Randerson 1972, Liddle and Greig-Smith 1975), and root compeh- tton (Dale and Weaver 1974) Insight tnto species'responses to trail corridors is gamed by considering the growth form of species 272 A) a y W H U W3 a m w O az p£PW Z i w A B) so 40 AB B 7. 30 M 3 O U 20 F a° a to D 0 EDGE 1 EDGE 2 INTERIOR PLOT POSITION C) to dr a 3 w 0 U ~ 6 w H U ~ 4 w rn w O 2 a a w ~ o A A D) Q 2 w u a 0 a F z H N U W M OFt O i# k ww z w ~ o A Ftg 1 Results of ANOVA and LSM showing the effects of plot pos~hon on A) spectes nchness, B) plot cover, C) average spectes cover, and D) nchness of exotic spectes In each graph, bars wdh dt fferen[ letters represent means that are significantly different whose abundance differed among plot positions Chi-square tests on species whose abundance was sufficient for statistical testing showed that three (6%) of 48 taxa differed m number of occurrences (Table 2A) and 16 Q2%) of ]35 taxa differed m average cover among plot positions (Table 2B) These taxa generally occurred less frequently or had greater cover wnh greater distance from the trail edge, paralleling the general trends noted for spe- cies nchness and cover above Taxa more abundant along the trail edge included Antennana spp (parvtfo(ta and rosea), Heterotheca julcrata, Tarazacum officinale, Aster campestris, and As- tragalusparryi, all of which have traits, such as EDGE 1 EDGE 2 INTERIOR PLOT POSITION EDGE 1 EDGE 2 INTERIOR PLOT POSITION EDGE 1 EDGE 2 INTERIOF PLOT POSITION 273 Tob(e1 Species with significant differences m (A) number of occurrences and (B) cover among plot posthons Edge I (EI), Edge 2 (E2) and Interior (INT) In B, values m same row wuh letters m common are not s~gmficantly different A) Number of occurrences Species p-value XZ (df) EI E2 INT Antennarra spp (roses and parvtfoha) 017 8 161 24 26 10 Heterotheca fulerata 029 7 116 I6 19 6 Taraxacum of(ictnale' 008 9735 I4 7 2 B) ANOVA LSD Mean cover Stand Specter p-value F-value RZ EI E2 INT Dev Arnica cordifoha 0001 12 95 1188 2 3 b 3 3 b 7 9 a 0 8 Aster campestns 0270 7 00 7000 0 6 a 0 2 6 _ 0 1 Astragalus parryi 0020 2090 8745 21 - _ 03 Bromopsts Porten 0083 5 49 2336 1 1 6 1 06 6 7 a I I Carex heltophtla 0238 4 19 2027 1 1 6 0 8 6 4 8 a I I Chamenon angusttfohum 0002 941 1327 096 146 44a 06 Chimaphda umbellata 0023 84 04 9825 1 3 6 0 3 6 13 O a 0 8 Drymocalhs fissa 0227 3 90 OSS7 3 7 ab 2 1 b 6 4 a 0 8 Festuca saxtmontana 0414 344 ,1467 126 21 ab 60a 14 Jumperus communts ,0096 4 82 0711 46 6 12 7 a 16 l a 2 7 Koelena macrantha 0145 4 56 1380 1 8 6 2 4 b 7 2 a 1 4 Muhicnbergia montana 0038 8 26 5240 5 5 6 6 0 6 22 5 a 3 4 Popular tremulmdes 0086 5 16 ,1467 2 1 6 0 1 6 7 6 a 1 6 Rosa woodsu 0266 3 73 0559 2 7 6 3 9 ab 6 4 a 10 Thermopsis dtvancarpa 0243 3 83 OS73 4 2 6 5 0 6 8 6 a 1 2 Vaccmmm spp (myrtdlus and scopartum) 000] 24 52 0994 10 2 6 I2 O b 22 4 a 1 3 ` Introduced to RMNP - Absent small ground-level leaves or vegetative reproduc- tion at or below the ground, which reportedly ena- ble them to survroe m disturbed areas (cf Bates 1935, Dale and Weaver 1974, Ltddle 1975, Ltddle and Greig-Smith 1975) Antennarta parvrfolra and Astragalus parryt have matted caespttose growth forms, Antennarra roses and Aster campestrrs reproduce vegetatively by runners and rhizomes, respectively, Heterotheca fitlcrata may have a spreading habit, and Toraxacum oJficrnale bears a rosette of basal leaves (Harrington 1964, Weber 1976) The iinportance of growth form to the distribu- twn of specter is further suggested by the observa- tion that these same characteristics apparently pro- vide some species with the capability of colonizing trampled areas outside their normal elevational range (Benninger 1989) Examples mcludeAgropy- ron albtcans, Carex hel:ophrla, C. pachystachya, and Symphorrcarpos occrdentalts, all of which are densely caespttose or have shallow perennaung tissue Other species lack traits adaptive to the distur- bance of trail corridors In fact, most of the taxa 274 Ta6le3 Exohe spectes sampled m plot posmons Edge 1 (E I), Edge 2 (E 2), and Interior (INT) and along trail-use types heary (H), moderate (M), and light (L) Spemes Plot position Trail use Acctosella vulgans E 2 INT M Bromus tectorum E I M Machaeranthera pattersonu E I H Nepetn catana E I E 2 INT M Phleum prarense E I E 2 M Poa pra[ensis E I E 2 INT H M Taraxacum o(ficmale E I E 2 INT H M L which dtffered among plot positions had greater cover m [he interior, away from trampling These species included Vaccmium spp (myrnl/us and scopanum) which are common as ground cover m Ptcea engelmannu-Abies lastocarpa forests In this forest type, as well as the Pmus contorta type, the undergrowth is dominated by shade-resistant forbs characterized by large leaf area and supportive tis- sue, agrowth form particularly susceptible to dis- turbance (Cole 1981) Findings for exouc species also support the con- clusion that trail corridors provide habitat for cer- tain species, as all seven exotics occurred m one or both of Edge I and 2 and three (43%) were restrict- ed to the edge plot positions (Table 3) These and several other exotic plants (e g , C:rstum arvense and Trifolium pratense) were often observed along trails Howcvcr, only Taraxacum off~cmale was sampled often enough for statistical testing, and rt occuned most often m [he Edge 1 position (Table 2A) Two-way ANOVA and LSM showed that spe- cies richness ofthe exotics was sigmficantlygreatest m the Edge I plot position (Table IB, Fig ID) However, plot cover and average species cover were unaffected by distance from trail edge (Table IB) Cole (1981), Kuss and Graefe (1985), Forman and Godron (1986), and Hammitt and Cole (1987) also concluded that trail comdors are important m the distribution of disturbance-resistant exotic plants In theory, as habitats are modified by trampling stress, opportumsuc exotic species are able to in- vade and colonize (Kuss and Graefe 1985) The composition of trailside plant communities was also affected by trail use Ninety-eight(55%)of the 178 taxa were restncted to one of the trail-use categories (29 restncted to light-use trails, 49 to moderate, and 20 heary) Two-way ANOVA and LSM showed that spectes richness was significantly greater along Itght- and moderate-use tratls than along heavy-use trails (Table lA, Ftg 2A), and plot cover and average species cover were greatest along moderate-use trails (Table IA, Figs 2B and 2C) The high cover values along moderate-use trails may be due to intermediate levels of stress promot- mgthe invasion of aggresswe,opportunisticspeeies without excluding less competdrve individuals (Westhoff 1967, Grime 1973, Ltddle and Greig- Smith 1975) Greater stress, such as along heavy- usetrads, decreases spectesrichnessasdtsturbance- sensitrve taxa are lost Trail use was important to some of the taxa whose abundance pennrtted statistical testing Al- though no taxa dtffered significantly m average cover among [rail-use types, 25 (71%) of 35 taxa showed significant differences m number of occur- rences (Table 4) None of these taxa were restricted to one trail-use type, but seven (28%) occurred most often on heavy-use trails, eight (32%) on moderate, and 10 (40%) on light Only one of the seven exotic species occurred at all levels of trail use, the rest were restncted to one or both of the heary- and moderate-use trail types (Table 3) Two-wayANOVA showed nosigmficant effect of trail use on the richness, plot cover, or average species cover of the exotics (Table 1B) Least square means, however, showed species rich- ness to be significantly greater along moderate- than along fight-use trails (Fig 2D) 4 2 Trail corridors as conduttsfor species movement Our finding that trail use affects species compost- hon along tratls suggests that trail comdors func- tion as conduits for species movement This is sup- ported by our determination that spectes richness and average speciescover were affected by distance from [railheads For example, with all trail-use types and all plot positions combined, richness was significantly negatively correlated with distance 215 A) rn w H U w a O W O a. w z z w B) ao A ,.., 30 dP B ~. HB 30 20 w ~ !~//, V 3 2 F 0 a 70 a 0 LIGHT MODERATE HEAVY TRAIL USE 1 0 C).7o 8 7 0 U V] 6 w H U w a w w O 2 a a w '~ n D) 2 a w u b A O a E z H rn U W H OFt O ax ww w D z z w 0 A AS TRAIL USE Ftg 2 Results of ANOVA and LSM showing the effects of trail use on A) species richness, B) plot cover, C) average species cover, and D) richness of exotic species In each graph, bars with different letters represent means that are stgmficantly dtCterent from the trailhead (Tab]e SA) Thls relationship was also slgmficant for the Edge 1 plot position when all trail-use types were combined and for all three plot positions along the heavy-use trails No other trail-use category exhibited a consistent, statistically-slgmficant relationship for all three plot positions (or even for an edge plot position, Benninger 1989) With all trail-use types combined, average species cover was significantly positively correlated with distance from trailheads for all plot positions com- bined and for all plot positions treated separately (Table SB) This relationship was also slgmficant for moderate-use trails for all plot positions com- bined and for both edge positions when treated separately LIGHT MODERATE HEAVY TRAIL USE LIGHT MODERATE HEAVY TRAIL USE LIGHT MODERATE HEAVY 276 Table4 Species with significant differences m number of occurtences among trail-use types heary (H), moderate (M), and hgh[ (L) Number of occurrences Species p-value XZ H M 1 Abies laswcarpa 000 24 92 6 29 Achilles lanulosa 032 690 II 6 An[ennana spp 14 20 (parvdolm and roses) 000 1731 S 12 Arnica cordifoha 000 36 18 7 21 Artemisia Gigida 024 5 07 I I 43 IS Artcmisia Iudovic~ana ,027 488 Iq 3 0 Aster fohaceus 006 7 S9 1 S 0 Bromopsis porter 014 608 0 10 3 0 Calamagrosus purpurascens 001 14 42 !4 I 10 Carex foenea 016 8 27 4 16 13 Carex rossn 000 60 39 3 4 12 31 Chamenon angustifohum 004 1114 7 Drymocaihs Ossa 003 906 16 IS 20 Engeron eximms 015 5 90 3 0 0 2 Festuca sax~montana 034 6 78 IO 3 10 Fragana ovahs 000 16 81 2 Iq 2 1 Koelena macmntha 019 5 50 16 Penstemon wrens Opt 14 10 I7 0 6 4 Pyrola minor 050 3 86 0 12 21 Rosa woodsn 000 3291 4 32 3 Senecio fendlen 008 7 12 I6 0 7 Sohdago spathulata 000 30 04 10 11 3 Taraxacum officinale• 012 888 2 31 Thennopsis divancarpa 000 24 26 13 S 5 10 Vaccmmm spp (myrtdlus and scopanum) 000 125 84 IS 25 98 33 `Introduced to RMNP Tnble 5 Correlation coefficients relating (A) specres richness and (B) average species cover to distance from (railhead Pearson cortelation coefficients (R) N All plots Edge I Edge 2 Interior A) All trails 291 - 1448• - 1346' - 1094 - 1025 Heary use 103 - 4053" - 3530"' - 2548"' - 3220*' Moderate use l05 - (SOS -,1356 - 1657 - 1445 Light use 83 - 2216' - 1691 - 1488 - 2548' al All bads 291 2972^ 3415" 1729" 2100#` Heavy use 103 1537 0940 1312 1106 Moderate use 105 3S7S" 3955" 2191' 1774 Light use 83 0964 1431 0317 0965 ` p < OS .. p < Ol 277 Nip-van der Voort et a! (1979) and Bright (1986) also observed that distance from source popula- tions effected plant species composition, but their studies were ninon-mountainous areas As wrth most montane regions, trails m RMNP usually m- creasem elevahonand pass through different forest types wdh greater distance from the [railhead However, if elevation or changes m forest type accounted for the decrease m species richness and increase m average spectes cover we observed wrth distance from trailheads, our findings would have been statistically significant for each of the trail-use categories Instead, stgmficancewas observed only when trail use was moderate (average species cover) or heavy (species richness) We expected that distances from tradeunctions and trailside campgrounds also affected species richness and cover In theory, intersecting comdors form networks which enhance migration by provid- ing alternative pathways for movement (Forman 1981, 1984, Forman and Godron 1981, 1986) Baudry (1984) observed that plant species richness and the frequency of occurrence for many species m hedgerows were significantly higher near inter- sections Also, campgroundstheorehcallycouldact as nodes or sources of disturbance-related species For example, Cole (1981) observed that plant cover and the presence of certain species were affected by disturbance m campgrounds However, correla- tions between all three parameters (t e , richness, plot cover, and average species cover) and distances from trail functions and campgrounds, as well as between plot cover and distance from trailheads, were inconsistent (Benninger 1989) Although exotic species showed no significant correlations with any distance parameter, their presence along trail comdors of RMNP, indicates that they use the corridors as a means of migration into natural areas Furthermore, the presence of four of the seven exotics m the interior plot position suggests that trail comdors can facilitate the inva- sGOn of exotic spectes into the forests of RMNP Prelmunary study indicates that some exotic species are dispersed m horse scat (Benninger 1989) 5 Conclusions Our findmgsthat plant speciescomposmon was af- fected by dtstance from trail edge and level of trail use and that exotic spectes are present along [rails show that trail corridors m RMNP provide habitat for certain species Species are favored or inhibited by disturbance and microenvironment associated with the trail corridor, depending on their adaptive characteristics Our documentation that speciescomposrtion was affected by level of trail use and dtstance fromtrad- heads and that exohcspecies occur along trails indi- cate that trail comdors function as conduits for movementof species The evidence is inferential be- causeour study was short-teen and pattern-based Direct evidence for the conduit function awaits long-tcnn study of the dispersal process itself, be- causeplant dispersal, as a saltatory or step-by-step process (Baudry 1984, Forman and Godron 1986), often involves long periods of time Acknowledgments We thank the Rocky Mountain Nature Association for funding, Curt Bucholtz, David Stevens, and Richard Ketgley for assistance at RMNP, Michael Vincent for plant identifications, and Andrew Truax for assistance with sampling References Bates, G H 1935 The vegetation of footpaths, sidewalks, cart- tracks and gateways J Ecol 23 463-487 Baudry, 1 1984 Effects of landscape structure on biological communities The case of hedgerow network landscapes /n Proceedings of [he first m[emational seminar of the Interna- tional Association of Landscape Ecology Vol I, pp 55-65 Edited by J Brandt and P Agger Roskilde University Centre, Roskilde, Denmark Bayfield, N G 1973 Use and deterioration of some Scottish hill paths J Appl Ecol 10 635-644 Benninger, M C 1989 Trails as conduds of movement for plant spectes m coniferous forests of Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado Masters thesis, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio Bright, J A 1986 Hiker impact on herbaceous vegetation along 278 trails m an evergreen woodland of central Texas Biol Con- serv 36 53-59 Burden, R F and Randerson, P F 1972 Quantitative studies of the effects of human trampling on vegetation as an and to the management of semi-natural areas J Appl Ecol 9 439-457 Chappell, H G, Ainsworth, J F, Cameron, R A D and Red- fern, M 1971 The effect of trampling on a chalk grassland ecosystem J Appl Ecol 8 869-882 Clements, F E 1928 Plan[ succession and indicators H W Wilson Company, New York Cole, D N 1978 Estimating the susceptibility of wildland vege- tation to Vailside al[era4on J Appl Ecol IS 281-286 Cole, D N 198] Vegetational changes assomated with recrea- tional use and fire suppression m [he Eagle Cap Wilderness, Oregon Some management implications Biol Conserv 20 247-270 Dale, D and Weaver, T 1974 Trampling effects on vegetation of [he trail condors of north Rocky Mountain forests J Appl Ecol I1 767-772 Forman, RTT 1981 Interactions among landscape ele- ments A core of landscape ecology Ln Proceedings of the International Congress organized by the Netherlands Society for Landscape Ecology, Veldhoven, The Netherlands pp 35-48 Edited by S P Tlalhngn and A A de Veer Centre far Agnwltural Publishing and Documentation, Wagemn- gen Forman, R T T 1984 Landscape ecology principles and land- scape function Ln Proceedings of the first m[ernational semi- nar of the Intemahonal Association of Landscape Ecology Vol 5, pp 4-5 Edited by J Brandt and P Agger Roskilde University Centre, Roskilde, Denmark Forman, RTT and Godron, M 1981 Patches and sVUC[ur- al components far a landscape ecology Bioscience 31 733- 740 Forman, RTT and Godron, M 1986 Landscape ecology john Wiley & Sons, New York Getz, L L, Cole, F R and Gates, D L 1978 Interstate road- sidesasdispersalroutes for Muraus pensy(vonrcus J Mam- mal 59 208-212 Grime, J P 1973 Control of speciesdensity m herbaceous vege- tation 1 Env Manag 1 151-I67 Hall, C N and Kuss, F R 1989 Vegetation alteration along trails in Shenandoah National Park, Virguua Biol Conserv 48 211-227 Hammitt, W E and Cole, D N 1987 Wddland recreation John Wiley & Sons, New York Hamngton, H D 1964 Manual of [he plants of Colorado Swallow Press, Chicago Hams, L D and Gallagher, P B 1989 New imhatrves for wild- life conservation The need for movement condors /n defense of wildlife Presernng communities and condors pp 11-34 Edited by G Mackintosh Defenders of Wildlife, Washington, DC Kuss, F R and Graefe, A R 1985 Effects of recreation [ram- phng on natural area vegetation J Leisure Research 17 165-]83 Lddle, M J 1975 A se(ectivereview of the ecological effects of human trampling on natural ecosystems Biol Conserv 7 17-36 fiddle, M J and Greig-Smith, P 1975 A survey of tracks and paths in a sand dune ecosystem J App] Ecol 12 909-930 Nelson, R A 1982 Plants of Rocky Mountmn National Park Fifth edi[wq Rocky Moun[am Nature Association, Boulder, Colorado Nip-van der Voort, J , Hengefeld, R and Haeck, 7 1979 Im- migration rates of plan[ speciesm three Dutch polders J Bio- geogr 6 301-308 Peet, R K 1981 Foresi vegetation of the Colorado Front Range Vegetaho 45 3-75 Peet, R K 1988 Forests of the Rocky Mountains /n North American [enestrial vegetation pp 63-101 Edited by M G Barbour and W D Bdhngs Cambridge Umversny Press, Cambridge, England Rocky Moun[am National Park Trail Plan ]982 Denver Ser- vice Center, National Park Service, U S Department of [he Interior Vankat, 1 L 1990 A classification of the forest types of North America Vegetatio 88 53-66 Verkaar, H 7 1988 The possible role of road verge and over dykes as condors far [he exchange of plant species between natural habitats In Proceedings of the 2nd mtemational seminar of [he International Association for Landscape Ecology pp 79-84 Edited by Karl-Friedrich Schreiber Schonmgh, Paderborn Weber, W A 1976 Rocky mountain Flom Fifth edition, Colorado Associated University Press, Boulder, Colorado Wegner, J F and Merriam, H G 1979 Movements by bads and small mammals between a wood and adJoining farmland habitats J Appl Eccl 16 349-355 Westhoff, V 1967 The ecological impact of pedestrian, eques- trian and vehicular traffic on vegetation Proceedings and Papers of the Tenth Technical Meeting of I U C N ]0 218-223 (~ Influence of Llamas, Horses, and Hikers on Soil Erosion from Established Recreation Trails in Western Montana, USA T H DELUCA` W A PATTERSON IV University of Montana School of Forestry Missoula, Montana 59812 USA W A FREIMUND Wilderness Research Institute University of Montana, School of Forestry Missoula Montana 59812, USA D N COLE Aldo Leopold Wilderness Research Institute Missoula, Montana 59801, USA ABSTRACT /Various types of recreational traffic impact Mk- ingtrails uniquely and cause different levels of trail degrada- tion however, trail head restrictions are applied similarly across all types of packstock The purpose of this study was to assess [he relative physical impact of hikers, llamas, and horses on recreational (rails Horse, llama and hiker traffic were applied to 56 separate plots on an existing trail at Lu- brecht Experimental Forest in western Montana The traffic was applied [o plots at intensities of 250 and 1000 passes along with a no-traffic control under both prewetted and dry trod condmons Soil erosion potential was assessed by sedr merit yield and runoff (using a Meeuwig type rainfall simula- tor), changes in sod bulk density and changes in sod surface roughness Soil moisture, slope, and rainfall intensity were recorded as independent variables in order to evaluate the extent that [hey were held constant by the experimental de- sign Horse traffic consistently made more sediment avail- able for erosion from trails than llama hiker or no traffic when analyzed across we[ and dry trail plots and high and low intensty traffic plots Although total runoff was not sgnifr candy affected by [rail user wet [rail traffic caused signifi- cantlygreater runoff than dry trail traffic Llama traffc caused a significant increase in sediment yield compared to the control, but caused erosion yields no[ significantly different than hiker traffic Tral traffic did not increase sod compaction on wet trails Traffic applied to dry trail plots generally re- sulted in a significant decrease in sod bulk density com- pared to the control Decreased soil bulk densty was nega- tively correlated with increased sediment yield and appeared to result in increased trail roughness for horse traf- fic compared to hiker or (lama traffic Differences described here between (lama and horse traffic indicate [hat bail man- agers may want to consider managing packstock llamas independent of horses Recreational use of mountainous areas has increased greatly over the past half century Much of this use occurs on a trail system that both facilitates access to the mountains and reduces resource damage caused by recreation use Over rime, many trail segments deterio- rate by natural processes (gradual or cataclysmic) and by wear from recreation traffic (Summer 1986, Tinsley and Fish 1985) Substantial sums of money are spent every year maintaining, rebwldmg, and relocating dam- aged trails The magnitude of trail deterioration is determined by characteristics of the [rail, its environment, and the recreation use that the trail receives (Cole 1987) Leung KEY WORDS Recreanonal impacts Sediment yield Tratl degrada non 'Author to whom correspondence should be addressed Enwronmen[al Management Vol 22, No 2, pp 255-262 and Marron (1996) provide a comprehensive review of the influence of environmental factors The influence of use intensity on trail deterioration has also been frequently studred Less is known about how [he type of trail use influences magnitude of deterioration On an established trail m Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Whittaker (1978) found that horse use caused more pronounced increases m trod width, trail depth, and fitter loss than hiker use This partially corroborated the finding of Dale and Weaver (1974) that horse trails m Montana are deeper but equivalent m width to hiker trails In Rocky Mountain National Park, however, Summer (1980) was unable to detect differences m erosion rates between trails used by horses and those used only by hikers In the most rigorously controlled study of impact to existing trails, Wilson and Seney (1994) measured the effect of hiker, horse, motorcycle, and bicycle traffic on © 1998 Springer-Verlag New York Inc -J 256 T H DeLuca and others sediment yield following simulated rainfall Sediment yield following horse use was sgnificantly greater than sediment yield following hiker or bicycle use, on both prewetted and dry trails, and greater than sediment yield following motorcycle use on dry trails However, sediment yield prior to treatment was significantly lower on hiker trails than on horse trails Consequently, when before-and-after treatment differences in sediment yield did not differ between horse and hiker trails, there was some doubt left about what affected impact more-the treatments or the type of trails The somewhat equivocal nature of these findings regarding the relative impact of horses and hikers on trails suggests the need for further investigation In addition, trails are increasingly being used by nontradr tional types of packstock, particularly by llamas For example, 57% of the wilderness areas m the United States with packstock use have some use by llamas (McClaran and Cole 1993) Proponents of (lama use argue that llamas have less impact on trails than traditional packstock (Markham 1990, Harmon and Rubin 1992), a sentiment echoed by trail users m Yellowstone National Park (Blahna and others 1995) The primary objective of this research, therefore, was to assess the relative impact of horses, llamas, and hikers on established trails, primarily by evaluating their effect on sediment yield following a simulated rainfall event To determine whether results are consrstent under wet and dry conditions, relative impacts were assessed on trails that were both prewetted and dry Wilson and Seney (1994) found that sediment yields following the application of traffic were greater on prewetted trails than dry trails A secondary objective was to better understand the mechanisms by which trail traffic leads io increased erosion Erosion potential should increase if trail traffic increases the detachability of soil particles or the ability of water or wind to move detached particles Trail traffic can increase ero swn by loosening soil (increasing detachability of particles), compacting the sal (increasing runoff and sediment vans- port), or concentrating water flow into channels and thereby increasing down-trail sediment transport and yield Sal bulk density was measured to assess which of these mechanisms could explain variations m sediment yield We also measured soil roughness, as increased roughness could be indicative of increased loosening (detachability) or increased pondmg of water (and therefore reduced runoff and transport) (Dixon 1995) Materials and Methods The study was conducted at the University of Mon- tana's Lubrecht Experimental Forest near Greenough, Montana (lat 94° 53' 24"N, long 113° 25' 49"W) Trail segment selection was based on consistent slope, his- toric use, and ease of closing the trail to visitor use The recreational trails used in this study consisted of 300-m segments of two parallel trails that were closed to all traffic immediately following snow melt m March 1995 The two parallel trails allowed us to apply traffic simulations to each trail simultaneously and thus re- duce the overall length of trail, minimizing slope and so0 variability The section of trail selected is located on a Winkler gravely loam, which is a loamy skeletal, mixed, frigid, Udic Ustochrepts (Nimlos 1986) The native soil is 50% sand, 38% silt, and 12% clay, is about 35% coarse fragments by weight, and has an average pH of 4 4 (I 2 soil to 0 Ol M CaCIZ) The parent material for this soil type is colluvium that is composed of metamorphosed Precambrian sedimentary rock (Belt series) The trail resides on a 4%-8% slope (average of 6%) and the gravelly loam texture provided an intermediate to high level of resistance to soil compaction and erosion The width of mdrndual trails range from 1 to 1 5 m and had tittle entrenchment Trail segments with ob- served entrenchment were eliminated from use m study plots The elevation is 1250 m (4100 ft) ,and the trail has an east aspect Based on samples from the control plots, the pretreatment bulk density of the trail's surface 5 cm is 1 5 g/cc It is located in a Pseudotsuga menziesu/ Arctostaphylos uva-ursi habitat type (Pfister and others 1977) The location receives approwmately 460 mm of precipitation annually, about 90% of which falls as snow (Nimlos 1986) Plots were arranged m a randomized complete block design with each of eight blocks (four wet trail and four dry trail) containing seven separate plots (1) control (no traffic), (2) 250 hiker passes, (3) 1000 hiker passes, (4) 250 llama passes, (5) 1000 (lama passes, (6) 250 horse passes, and (7) 1000 horse passes Each plot was 1 m wide and 3 m long with a 3-m-long buffer zone between plots for turning, this allowed animals and hikers to reach a normal stride upon entering the plot Trail traffic was applied and data collected during June and July of 1995 To create wet trail conditions, plots and buffer zones received 10 mm of water per unit area applied by agas-powered pump through alow- pressure, fine-spray nozzle Immediately after each plot was wet, seven composite soil moisture samples were taken across the plot to a depth of 5 cm, stored in a sealed container, and later dried m an oven at 110°C Percent soil moisture was determined on a gravimetric basis (Gardner 1986) Following wetting the sods were about 25% soil moisture or about 50% of soil water holding capacity Traffic was applied continuously on plots until the Sod Erosion from Recrea0on Trails 25 ] specified number of passes was accumulated Sediment yield by ramfal] simulation, soil bulk density, and sur- face roughness were measured immediately following completion of the traffic appLcations Equal numbers of uphill and downhill passes were made on each plot Horses and llamas were led in such a way that the person leading the animals stayed out of the plots No animals carved packs and any manure from the animals was removed from the trail before further traffic apphca- hon Hikers wore non-]ug-sole hiking boots and weighed between 55 and 75 kg The two horses with cleated shoes weighed around 400 and 500 kg each and the two llamas (with freshly clipped toenails) weighed 160 and 190 kg each In all cases, the traffic conditions represent conservative estimates of what could occur with loaded horses, llamas, or people on steeper or wetter trails Traffic application regwred variable lengths of time ranging from 20 mm for the 250 hiker passes to 2 5 h for the 1000 llama passes, and 6 h to complete the 1000 horse passes Average soil moisture content following traffic application was 10 5% for dry trail traffic and 21 9% following wet traffic appLcation, but was not significantly different for types of trail user Simulated rainfall was produced with a modified Meeuwig drip-type rainfall simulator This simulator produces a drop size of 2 8 mm, with a kinetic energy roughly one half that of natural rain when suspended from a drop height of 2 0 m (Meeuwig 1971) The mawmum historic hourly precipitation rate recorded for a single ramfal] event during the months of ]tine or July for Lubrecht was 61 mm/h fora 15-mm interval (NOAA 1971-1999) To be consistent with previous research and to ensure generation of adequate volumes of runoff, a 120 mm/h simulated rainstorm event was applied to all plots fora 15-mm period Most rainfall simulation studies use intensities of about 120 mm/h, which is far in excess of normal rainfall rates (Wischmeier and Mannenng 1969, Bryan 1969, Johnson and Bescheta, 1980, Quinn and others 1980, Quansah 1981, Wilson and Seney 1994) High intensity is necessary for two reasons to produce ad- equate runoff to make up for limited overland flow, and to make up for the low kinetic energy assoctated with the ramfal] simulator Each rainfall simulation was appLed to a 0 66-m X 0 66-m plot, and all runoff was funneled into polyvinyl collection bottles Total volume of runoff collected was measured and analyzed as runoff as a percent of total water applied as rainfall [% runoff = (biers runoff/ titers water appLed)*100] The sediment m the runoff was allowed to settle for a[ least one day The water was then siphoned off the top, and the remaining sediment deed at 110°C for 48 h The total mass m grams of sediment collected from each rainfall simulation plot was used as a measure of the relative erosion potential of different trail user types Bulk density was measured by an excavation and volume measurement method Briefly, a 12-cm-diam- eter circular hole was dug to a depth of 5 cm, al] soil materials removed, and their dry mass determined The volume of the hole was determined by refilling rt with a measured volume of 0 25-0 84-mm quartz sand and the bulk density determined as mass of soil removed dr vided by hole volume Surface roughness was determined using a method adapted from Beckman and Smith (1974) A grid of six flexible, cotton crochet threads were attached to a 70-cm X 70-cm frame and the thread fitted to the so^ surface following treatment appLcation The presence of vertical variation from a level surface creates a more tortuous pathway for the thread to follow, which in- creases the length of thread required to span the frame Threads were run both parallel and perpendicular to the dvection of traffic and the six values averaged for each plot An average value of 70 cm would reflect a perfectly smooth surface Wet and dry treatments were appLed in two separate experiments along the same trail instead of being randomly assigned within blocks Therefore it is most appropriate to consider wet and dry treatments as separate experiments and evaluate them separately To clarify the importance of soil moisture within the experimental design, athree-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed with mosture, user type, and traffic intensity as independent factors If moisture was a significant factor or if there were significant mterac- hons between moisture and other factors, then the wet and dry trails were analyzed separately, otherwise the plots were pooled for subsequent analysis Factors fudged to be significant (P<- 005), were then assessed using Tukey's multiple-range test to de[er- mme which treatments were significantly different We also used single or two-tailed Dunnet's tests, which compared individual treatment means to the control treatment Finally, Pearson correlation coefficients were used to determine the relationship between sediment yield and bulk density or surface roughness All analyses were performed using PC-SAS (SAS Institute, Cary, North Carolina) Results Sediment geld from trails following simulated ram- fal], our primary indicator of trail deterioration, vaned significantly with user type and traffic intensity (Table 258 T H DeLuca and others Table 1 Three-way analysis of variance for sediment yield, runoff, bulk density, and surface roughness (control excluded to allow comparison of levels) for high and low traffic apphcaUOns applied [o wet or dry trails Factor df Sediment yield MS P d! Runoff MS P df Bulk density MS P Surface roughness df MS P Model 6 32 437 0 000 6 851 0 000 6 0 030 0 813 6 12 4 0 000 User (Ilaina, horse hiker) 2 5] 695 0 000 2 331 0 189 2 0 086 0 093 2 33 8 0 000 Level (250 or 1000 passes) 1 26,895 0 032 1 117 0 446 1 0 000 0 919 1 3 63 0 158 Trail (wet or dry) 1 11,560 0 151 1 6283 0 000 I 1 212 0 000 1 0 Ol 0 930 User * level 2 241 0 956 2 159 0 440 2 0 007 0 803 2 0 36 0 815 User * trod 2 8,240 0 229 2 98 0 600 2 0 033 0 389 2 3 57 0 142 Level * trail 1 9 213 0 198 1 24 0 726 1 0 054 0 214 1 1 69 0 331 User * Icvel * trail 2 1 923 0 701 2 43 0 794 2 0 053 0 219 2 1 S3 0 360 iMS =mean square m Y c E a User Type 1) Sediment yield did not vary significantly between dry and prewetted trails, and none of [he interactions between factors were significant Consequently, we con- cluded that pooling the sediment yield data from the dry and prewetted trails was appropriate Runoff measured as a percent of total water applied as rainfall was greater on trails exposed to wet traffic (average of 82%) compared to that on dry (average of 59%) traffic (Table 1) Although runoff was not signifi- cantly affected by the trod user type, runoff was consis- tently higher under horse traffic than under llama or hiker traffic Horse traffic on trails resulted m sigmficantly more sediment yield than either llama or hiker traffic, which did not differ sigmficantly from each other (Figure 1) Both horse traffic and llama traffic resulted m signifi- cantly more sediment yield than controls, but hiker traffic did not Mean sediment yield for all user types following 1000 passes (174 g) was significantly greater than the yield following 250 passes (127 g, P < 0 003) Both traffic intensmes resulted in statistically sigmfican[ (P < 0 003) increases in sediment yield compared to the control (50 g, data not displayed in Table 1) Figure 1 Sediment yield tin der rainfall simulation follow mg hiker, llama or horse traf- fic averaged across two levels of traffic application intensity and wet and dry trail moisture con- dmons Bars with asterisks are sigmficantly different than the control (P 5 0 OS) by Dunnet s analysis and bars without simr lar letters are sigmficantly dif ferent (P s 0 05) by Tukey's [es[ Although sediment yield from dry and prewetted plots was not significantly different for the whole data set (Table 1), the yields from the traffic application on dry trails were greater than the traffic applications on prewetted trails for six of the seven treatments The most pronounced difference m sediment yield was observed following 1000 horse passes, resulting m an average sediment yield of greater than 300 g on dry tra^ plots compared to an average of 183 g when horse traffic was applied to a prewetted trail Soil bulk density was measured because changes in bulk density can be precursors of increased erosion from trails Bulk densrty differed vgnificantly between [he dry and prewetted trails, and there was substantial evidence of interaction between trod moisture and other factors, consequently, we analyzed dry and prewet- ted trails separately On dry trails, bulk density vaned significantly with both user type and traffic intensity (Table 2) Traffic application to dry trails significantly reduced sod bulk density, wrth both horse and hiker plots having posttreat- ment bulk densities that were sigmficantly less than on control plots Among the user types, bulk densities Comml Hiker Liama Norse Soil Erosion from Recreation Trails 259 following horse traffic were significantly lower than densities following llama or hiker traffic (Figure 2) Mean soil bulk density after 1000 passes (I 03 g/cc) was significantly less than after 250 passes (1 15 g/cc) Both traffic intensities resulted m bulk densutes [hat were lower than those on controls (1 50 g/cc) Bulk densities were generally higher after treatment when traffic occurred on prewetted trails than when they were dry However, treatments did not cause a significant change m bulk density on prewetted trails, and bulk density did no[ vary stgmficantly with either user type or traffic mtensrty (Tables 1 and 2) The lower bulk density on the dry trails is also reflected to the stgmficantly lower runoff rates from the dry trails compared to the prewetted trails (Table 1) It is likely that bulk density would increase from the compacting effect of trail use on sod and that an increase m bulk density might result m decreased mfiltra[IOn, increased runoff, and increased sediment yield (Lull 1959, Lal 1994) However, on dry trails, bulk density declined with trail traffic, apparently reflecting a loosening of sod on the trail when traffic was applied A highly significant negative linear relationship between bulk densty and sediment yield (rZ = 0 59, P < 0 001) suggests that sod loosening increased the detachability of sod particles and thus increased sediment yield Sod roughness was also measured as a possible precursor to increased sediment yield and erosion Roughness varied significantly with user type, but not with traffic mtensrty or soil moisture (Table I) Interac- tions between factors were not significant, so the data from dry and prewetted plots were pooled None of the user types or traffic intensities resulted in surface roughness measures that were stgmficantly different from controls However, roughness measures were higher than controls after horse traffic and lower than controls after llama and hiker traffic (Figure 3) The roughness values on horse plots were significantly greater than those on either llama or hiker plots These results validate field observations that llama and hiker traffic tended to smooth the trail surface while horse traffic IeCt a more churned up and rough surface A significant positive linear relationship between surface roughness and sediment yield (rZ = 0 24, P < 0 05) suggests that increased roughness is associated with a loosened soil surface, with more detachable soil par- ticles and more potential for erosion Discussion The pnnnpal finding of this study is that horse traffic on trails resulted m substantially more sediment yield followtng simulated rainfall than either hiker or llama Table 2 Two-way analysis of variance for soil bulk densty on dry and wet trail treatment plots Factor df MS' P Dry trail Iral7ic applications User type (llama horse, hiker) 2 0 082 0 014 Traffic level (1000 250) 1 0031 0162 User type > traffic level 2 0 016 0 362 Wet trail traffic apphcauons User type (llama horse hiker) 2 0 037 0 595 Traffic level (1000, 250) I 0 022 0 546 User type + traffic level 2 0 046 0 970 •M6 =mean square traffic The relative erosion potential of horse, llama, and hiker traffic was consistent at traffic intensines of 250 and 1000 passes and on both dry and prewetted trails This result adds to the evidence from a number of earlier studies (Whittaker 1978, Dale and Weaver 1979, Wilson and Seney 1994) that horse traffic tends to cause more trail erosion than hiker traffic It also extends this earlier work by showing that horse traffic a likely to cause more trail erosion than llama traffic Differences m erosion potential between hikers and llamas were not substantial or consistent enough to be statistically stgmfi- cant Sediment yields were higher on the dry trail plots than on the prewetted trail plots, suggesting that dry trail conditions made the trail more vulnerable to sediment detachment Bulk density of dry plots was decreased by traffic apphcauons, suggesting that the trail surface aggregate was partially disrupted due to the trail traffic Conversely, levels of runoff were stgmfi- cantly greater on prewetted trail plots compared to dry trail plots Traffic applied to prewetted trails apparently resulted m increased armoring of the trail, which increased runoff rates Traffic applied to dry trails may increase the potential for erosion by increasing sedi- ment detachment, whereas traffic applied to wet trails may result m increased runoff resulting m greater down slope channeling of water and greater potential for sediment transport (Lai 1994) A number of reasons can be advanced for why horses have more eroswn potential than llamas or hikers Horses are heavier and their weight is carried on a shoe with a small bearing surface Moreover, horses' shoes are typically metal and frequently cleated Horses are also less careful and deliberate than llamas or humans about where they place their feet Our results confirm what has been found m a number of studies (Cole 1987) that the relationship between the amount of traffic and amount of impact is curvilinear When we increased trail traffic by a factor of 4, from 250 passes to 1000 passes sediment yield Increased by only a factor of 1 4 (from 127 g to 174 g) 260 is iz \V _W I T O8 c 9 Y 06 r~ oa oz 0 n ~, U e r on 7a e V ~~ n T H DeLuca and others User Type User Type Kuss (1983) also found that when hrker traffic was increased by a factor of 9 (from 600 to 2900 passes) sediment yield increased by a factor of only 1 4-1 7 This suggests that imhal trail traffic a much more damaging than subsequent traffic Our results also provide some insight into the mecha- msms by which trail traffic leads to accelerated erosion Accelerated erosion greatly results from increased run- off, increased channel flow of water, increased detach- ment of sml particles, and increased transport of de- tached sod particles Decreased bulk density and increased roughness should generally be indicative of sod loosening and therefore increased detachment (Gabnels and Moldenhauer 1978) Conversely, in- creased bulk denstty should be mdtcanve of increased transport capability because increased compaction should result m decreased infiltration and increased runoff (Lai 1994) Decreased roughness should also be mdtcanve of increased transport capabthty because Figure 2 Sod bulk density following hrker llama and horse traffic averaged across two levels of traffic application intensity to dry trail segments Bars with asterisks are signtfi candy cbfferent than the con trot (P<- 0 OS) by Dunnet's analyses and bars wHhou[ stmi lar letters are significantly dif- ferent (P <_ 0 OS) by Tukey s test Figure 3 Mean roughness of sod surface as measured by [o tai vertical vanatton (70 cm = level) across the hdung (rail following hrker, llama or horse vac averaged across two lev els of tragic appLcation urten sHy and wet and dry trail mots lure condmons Bars wt[h asterisks are sigmficantly differ- ent than the control (P < 0 05) by Dunne[ s analyss and bars for without stmtlar letters are significantly different (P <_ 0 05) by Tukey s test flows across smoother surfaces will have higher velocr rtes and there will be less pondmg (Ruttlmann 1995) Our findings that bulk density was negatively corre- lated with sedtmen[ yield and that surface roughness was posurvely correlated with sedtmen[ yield suggest that so^ loosemng was [he primary mechamsm by which trail traffic caused increased soil erosion on our experimental trail plots Thts supports Wilson and Seney's (1994) conclusion that sediment yield from experimental trail plots is detachment-limited rather than transport-limited Detachment of panicles by horse traffic appeared to be the most important mechanism m increasing sediment yield on our plots We observed stmtlar runoff rates with all three trail users, but a stgmficantly higher sediment load to the runoff with horse traffic Horses appear to cause more trail erosion than etcher llamas or hikers on dry trails because they loosen the soil to a greater degree, making sml particles easier to detach In future studies however, larger trail Control Hiker Llama Ilorx Convol Hiker Llama Horx Sod Erosion from Recreation Trails 261 plots would have to be used to adequately address the effect of trail traffic on erosion due to increased runoff The importance of sod loosening also helps explain the somewhat unexpected finding that sediment yield following trail traffic was usually greater on dry bads than on prewetted trails Thts finding is contrary to that of Wilson and Seney (1994), who generated greater sedtment yields on prewetted trails It also is counter to the general prmaple that moist soils are particularly vulnerable to trail problems (Hammitt and Cole 1987) Since soil loosening was the primary mechanism of increased sediment yield on our plots, anything that increases sot] cohesion should decrease erosion poten- tial The water that we added to the relatively coarse- gramed soils of our experimental trail clearly increased soil cohesiveness and, therefore, decreased vulnerabil- ity to detachment We might have obtained the opposite result, however, if we had added much greater quanh- ties of water or if the soils were clayey, with a tendency to adhere to boots when wet or to harden when dry Wet trails also might have been more problematic if the trail was steep and more of the forces of trail traffic involved smearing and shearing Finally, there are a number of the trail problems other than erosion that are aggravated most by traffic during we[ condmons that were not considered m this study including (I) multiple trailing, (2) trail widen- ing, and (3) puddling (Cole 1987) Although traffic during periods of high soil moisture or m locations with chronically high moisture often causes problems on trails, soil erosion can also be a serious problem even on dry trails Various options exist for incorporating divergent impact potential into management programs At one extreme, types of use with high tmpact potential (e g , horse use) can be entirely prohibited Alternatively, these uses can be allowed in some management zones and not allowed in others Places where these uses are allowed could be selected on the basis of their resistance to impact Trails where these uses are allowed could be specially designed and maintained to tolerate substan- tial disturbance Our results, as well as the results of a study of visitor attitudes about encounters with horses, llamas, and hikers (Blahna and others, 1995) suggest that when zoning on the basis of use type, llamas are more closely allied with hikers than with horses In a number of parks and wilderness areas, amount of use is bmited m order to control user impacts Several scientists have suggested that managers should allocate a limited numbers of permits on the basis of the environmental expense of different user groups (Hendee 1974, Stankey 1977, Weaver and others 1979) These individuals argue that one's access to limited permits should be inversely related to one's impact potential This approach would make it more difficult for horse groups to obtain a perm[[ than for llama or hiker groups In conclusion, trail users are not equivalent m the extent to which they contribute to accelerated eroston Horse traffic is capable of causing several times as much eroston as an equivalent amount of traffic by llamas or hikers Managers concerned about trail problems may want to consider this difference when devising trail management strategies Acknowledgments The authors wish to thank the Aldo Leopold Wilder- ness Research Institute for funding this work, Mane and Max Hillberry for supplying ]lamas, Frank and Debbie Maus for supplying horses, Dr Henry Shovick for loaning us the rainfall simulator, and Chris Orman and Emily DeLuca for field assistance This work is a contri- bution of the University of Montana School of Forestry Experiment Station Literature Cited Beckman G G and K J Smith 1974 Micromorpholog¢al changes m surface sods following wemng, drying and trampling Pages 832-845 m G K Rutherford (ed ), Soil microscopy, Proceedings of the fourth International work- ing meeting on soil micromorphology Limestone Press Kmgstou, Ontario Blahna, D J, K S Smith and J A Anderson 1995 Backcoun try llama paclang Vivtor perceptions of acceptabiLty and conflict Leisure Spence 17 185-204 Bryan, R B 1969 The relative erodibi6ty of soils developed m the peak district of Derbyshire CeograBska Anna/er 51 145- 158 Cole D N 1987 Research on soil and vegetation m wilder ness A state of knowledge review Pages 135-177 in R C Lucas (comp) Proceedings, national wilderness research conference Issues, state of knowledge, future directions General Technical Report INT-220 USDA Forest Service, Ogden Utah Dale D and T Weaver 1974 Trampling effects on vegetation of the [rail corridors of North Rocky Mountain forests Jonrna/ofAppLed Ecology 11 767-772 Dixou, R M 1995 Water infiltration control at the soil surface Theory and practice Journal of Soi/ and Water Conservation 50 450-453 Gabnels D, and W C Moldenhauer 1978 Size dutnbution of eroded material from simulated iamfall Effect over a range of textures Sml Spence Sooety of America Journal 92 954-958 Gardner,W H 1986 Water content Pages 993-544 mA Klute (ed) Methods of soil analysis Part 1 physical and mineral ogical methods Sod Suence Society America Madison, Wsconstn 262 T H DeLuca and others Hammitt W E, and D N Cole 1987 Wddland recreation ecology and management John Wiley & Sons, New York 391 pp Harmon D and A S Rubin 1992 Llamas on the natl a packers gwde Mountain Press Pubbshtng Company Mis soma Montana, ]70 pp Hendee J C 1974 A scientist's views on some current wilderness management rssues Western 4Vddlands 1 27-32 Johnson, M G , and R L Bescheta 1980 Logging infiltration capacity and Surface erodtbibty m Western Oregon Journal o(Forestry78 334-337 Kuss, F R 1983 Htktng boot unpacts on woodland trails Jouma/ ofSoil and Water Conservanon 38 119-121 Lal R 1994 Soil eroston research methods 2nd ed Soil Water Conservanon Society, Ankeny Iowa Leung Y, and J L Marion 1996 Trail degradation as influenced by environmental factors A slate of the know) edge review Journal of Sod and IVater Conservanon 51 130- 136 Lull W A 1959 Soil mmpacuon on forest and range lands Mtsc Pub] 768 USDA Forest $ernce Washington DC, 33 pp Markham D 1990 Llamas are the aluma[e Snake Rrver Llamas Idaho Falls Idaho, 285 pp McClaran M P and D N Cole 1993 Packstock m wilder ness Use tmpacts momtonng and management General Ted hntnal Report INT 301 USDA Forest Servtce Interrnoun tam Research Station Ogden, Utah 33 pp Meeuwtg R O 1971 Sotl s[abrhty on high elevation rangeland m the inter mountain area Research Paper INT 94 USDA Forest Servtce Ogden, Utah NOAH (Nanonal Oceante and Atmospheric Admimstranon) 1971-1999 Hourly precipitation data, Montana, vols 21- 44 United States Department of Commerce Nunlos T J 1986 Sods of Lubrecht Expeumental Forest Miscellaneous Publication No 94 Montana Forest and Conservation Experiment Station Missoula, Montane 36 pp Pfister R D B L Kovalchtk S F Arno, and R C Presby 1977 Forest habrta[ types of Montana General Technreal Report INT-34 USDA Fotcst Servtce Ogden Utah Quansah C 1981 The effect of sod type slope, ram mtenstty and rhea interactions on splash detachment and transport Journal afSml Sc+ence 32 215-229 Quinn N W, R P C Morgan, and A J Smith 1990 Sunulanon of sod eroston induced by human trampling Journal of Environmental Management ]0 155-165 Ruthmann M , D Schaub V Prasuhn, and W Ruegg 1995 Measurement of runoff and soil eroson on regularly culti vated fields m $wuzer land Some cnncal considerations Catena 25 127-139 Summer, R M 1980 Impacts of horse traffic on trails m Rocky Mountain Nanonal Park Journal o(Sad and Water Conserva non 35 85-57 Summer R M 1986 Geomorphic tmpacts of horse traffic on montane land(orms Journal of Sad and Water Conservanon 41 126-128 Stankey G H 1977 Rationing wilderness use methods, problems and gmdehnes Research Paper INT 192 USDA Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station Ogden, Utah Tinsley B E and E B Ftsh 1985 Evaluation of trail eroston m Guadalupe Mountains Nanonal Park Texas Landscape Planning 12 29-47 Weaver T D Dale, and E Hartley 1979 The relationship of trail condmon [o use vegetation, user slope season and lime Pages 99-100 m R Inner D R Potter, J K Agee and S Anschell (eds ),Recreational impact on wtldlands R 6 001 1979 USDA Forest Servtce Pacific Northwest Region Portland, Oregon Whittaker, P L 1978 Comparison of surface impact by hiking and horseback tiding m the Great Smoky Mountains Na tional Park USDI Nanonal Park Servtce, Southeast Regton Management Report 29, Atlanta, Georgia, 32 pp Wilson, J P, and J P Seney 1994 Erosional tmpacts of hikers horses, motorcycles and off road bicycles on mountain trails m Montana Mountain Research and Development 14 77-88 Wtschmeter, W H ,and ] V Mannering 1969 Relation of sml properties to it's erodtbthty So+l Spence Society of America Proceedings 33 131-137 ~, Plmv Fcohgy 157 23-35, 2001 23 O 2001 Klmver Academm Pu6G vhw r PttNed m the Nedeetlatds The effect of seeds of exotic species transported via horse dung on vegetation along trail corridors Jonathan E Campbe111~2 & David J Gtbsonl iDepartment ofPlant Bto[ogy, Southern llhnats Uneverstty, Carbondale, IG 6290!-6509, USA, '-CurrentAddress Department of Geography, Uruverstty of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA (e-marl ~campbel@ucla edu) Accepted 25 August 2000 Key words Biodrversity, Endozoochory, Kummerowta strata, Illinois, Rarefractton Abstract It has been suggested that exotic species will colonize within forests more frequently by the continual introduction of seeds through horse dung deposited along trails Whether or not these exotic species have the ability to spread into and establish m the forest mtenor has been disputed To address [tits, horse dung and soil samples were collected from trails during Autumn 1994 and Summer 1995 from three areas m southern IlLnois, USA open to recreational horse travel In addition, deer dung samples were collected from each of the study areas Vegetation data were collected from each of the trail systems as well as from a trail along which horse travel was prohibited The density of vaswlar plants m 0 25 m2 quadrats placed at varying distances from the trail center to 5 m into the forest mtenor were recorded Finally, dung samples were placed m situ along horse trails at one site to examine seedling germination m natural conditions While 23 exotic species germinated from samples of horse dung placed out m a greenhouse, only one of these exotic species was also found m trail plots (Kummerowta strata) Similarly, while there were empirically more exotic species found along the trails allowing horse [ravel than there were on [he trail lacking horse travel, [he relative importance of [hose species was negligible along both Vails These results suggest that the emigration of exotic species via horse dung does not pose an immediate threat [o the plant communities adjacent to [rails m these forest systems Nevertheless, the large number of exotic species m horse dung reflects [he constant threat to any system from these specks Care must be taken, when allowing horseback use m areas, to anticipate invasion by exotic species from horse dung Introduction A community dominated by native vegetation is con- sidered relatively desirable, or `healthy' (Noss 1990) The primary concern with exotic, or non-native, specter is their effect on this native vegetation Exotic species often compete with native plant species for available resources, thus decreasing the number of na- tive species and rendering the community `unhealthy' (Mooney & Drake 1986, Meekins & McCarthy 1999, Davis et a] 2000) Williamson (1996) suggests [hat rt is common for roughly 10% of non-native species to become established m a community and that 10% of [hose will become aggressively invasive specter Al- though Wdhamson's (1996) `Tens Rule' suggests that most invaders have tittle impact on communmes, [he cumulative effect of the unchecked spread of exotic species may be reduced heterogeneity and biologi- cal diversity (Mooney & Drake 1986, Soule 1990, Westman 1990) Disturbance is a component of many natural plan[ communities (Pickett & White 1985, Holland & Ol- son 1989, Hobbs & Huenneke 1992) For example, fire greatly influences the species diversity and veg- etative structure of both prairie (Kucera & Koelhng 1964, Collins & Cnbson 1990) and forest communr ties (Ohmann & Gngal 1981, Schemer et al 1988, Bartosetal 1994) However,areasthatexperiencefre- quent disturbance, particularly unnatural disturbance, are most susceptible to biological invasions (Elton 1958, Braithewaite et al ]989, BmggeL 1996) All contemporary ecosystems are subject to some form ~- J 24 of unnatural dtsturbance, therefore no system is free from [he possibility of invasion by exoUCS (Hobbs & Huenneke 1992) Horse [ravel is a source of frequent dtsturbance m many forest ecosystems Horse trails normally contain a barren headway and a [rail edge community wuh both natural and exotic spectes, many of these trail edge spectes cannot survive within the forest interior (Bates ]935, Benninger-Truax 1992) The impact to trails and adJacent areas from eroston caused by horses and other users is also well documented (Burde & Renfro ] 986, Hammtt & Cole 1987, Wilson & Seney 1994) In addmon to eroston, Bates (1935) suggests [hat horses also effect vegetation by gazing along and defecating on tratls Studies of horse dung show that horses pass large numbers of seeds through their digestive tract Har- mon & Ktem (] 934) fed horses seven different spectes of seeds and recovered 12 9% of [hose seeds m [he resulttngdung Benninger(1989)reportedl5different plant species arising from horse manure m samples collected from the Rocky Moun[am National Park, USA In addition, Hammtt & Cole (1987) state that horse manure is a major source for exottc seeds in wilderness recreation areas Most seeds pass through a horse's digestive tract within 48 hours of consumption (Alexander 1946, Vander Noo[ et al 1967) How- ever, Janzen (1981) showed that guanacaste seeds (Enterolobium cyclocarpun) may remain vtable m the horses' digestive tract for up to two months, and de- duced [hat horses could contribute [o establishing local as well as distant populations Dung can be a source of viable seed for [axa no[ otherwise present m a community The role of herbi- vores m dispersing seeds is well established (Ridley 1930, Harmon & Kiem 1934, Heady 1954, Janzen 1982, Fenner 1985, Hammrt & Cole 1987) seeds can be spread from one location to another by attach- ment to the body of animals (epizoochory) or by being ingested and later excreted (endozoochory) In some cases, the seed coat of seeds moving through the diges- tive system of herbivores may become scarified, en- hancing germination (e g ,legumes) Many native her- bivores such as deer (Heady 1954, Gonzalez-Spmosa & Quintana-Ascencio 1986), wild boar (Middleton & Mason 1992), and emus (Brunner e[ al 1976), have proven effective seed dispersers In addition, stock animals such as cattle (McCully 1951, Harper 1977, Janzen 1982, Welch ]985), sheep (Harmon & Ktem 1934, Heady 1954, Ptggm 1978), and pigs (Harmon & Kiem 1934) have all been shown to pass vtable seeds through their intestinal tract The fear that exotic spectes may be spread into pristine or relatively undisturbed natural areas via the dung from recreational horse [ravel has led to an acme debate between environmental groups and equestrian groups Natural Areas have been estab- lished by federal agencies (wilderness or scientific areas) and state bureaus (nature preserves or reserves) to protect high quality natural communities In some federal areas, multiple use, including recreation, is allowed Recreation and preservation are not always compatible (Cole 1993) Land owners, land managers, and environmen[al- tsts msouthern Ilhnots are concerned about exotic seed dispersal via horse dung (Faulkner 1993, Black- orby 1994a,b, Land 1994) The Shawnee National Forest contains over 1000 km of horse trails (Shawnee National Forest 1992) as well as a number of exotic plan[ spectes Among the aggressive exotics present m [he Shawnee National Forest are Japanese honey- suckle (LomceraJaponeea), muluflorarose (Rosa mul- a,/fora), amumn olive (Elaeagnus umbellata, kudzu- vme (Puerana lobata, and sweet clover (Mehlotus spp) (Evans 1981) Some agenctes, such as the Ilhnots Nature Preserve Commission (INPC) and environ- mental groups tike [he Illinois Native Plant Society (INPS), expect land managers to primarily concern themselves with the preservation of `natural' condt- ttons, and believe that natural areas are threatened by horse travel (Faulkner 1993) Conversely, The Illinois Federation of Outdoor Recreation (IFOR), an eques- trian group, feels that natural areas should continue to be multiple use lands, available for recreattonai users (Blackorby 1994a) IFOR also believes that sugges- tionsthat horses are responsible for the influx of exotic species are unsupported This research is designed to determine whether there is a relationship between the spread of exotic spectes into forest systems and recreational horse nd- mg (1) Does horse dung transport seeds of exotic species, (2) Can seeds transported via horse dung ger- minate m situv (3) Can seedlings emerging from horse dung alter the vegetative composrtton on or around trailsv 25 Figure ! Location of the three study sites for the study of seed dlspcrsal along horsy trails m southern Ilhnoa A fourth Irtul that was free from horse travel was studied as TTSF (Trail of Tears Stale Forest) Materials and methods Study sites This study was conducted m three forest areas m southern Illinois, USA, Trail of Tears State Forest, Jackson Hole Ecological Area, and Jackson Hollow Ecological Area (Figure 1) In all, three horse trails and one hiking trail were examined Unfortunately, the Jackson Hole and Jackson Hollow Ecological Areas did not contain trails restricting horse [ravel Neverthe- less, the hiking trail a[ Trail of Tears Stale Forest was incorporated into this study to allow us to compare and contrast hiking trails with horse trials The Trail of Tears Slate Forest (TTSF), located m west-central Umon County, Illinois, comprises 2070 ha There are approximately 29 km of horse trails m addmon [o hiking trails The forest, located m the southern section of the Ozark Natural Division, fi0 50 h 4C ~ 30 N 20 ~ CENTER O EDGE^ T ^ Figrre 2 Total number of species at each of the four tmd systems (TTSF-A =trails sublet[ Io horse Travel at Trml of Tears Stale For- es4 TTSF-B = tm~ls free from horse travel at Trml of Tears S[a[e Forest, 1 Hole =Jackson Hole 1 Hollow =Jackson Hollow) is on the eastern edge of the Salem Plateau (Leighton et al 1948) Purchased by the State of Ilbnois m 1929, Trail of Tears State Forest is managed by the Illinois Department of Natural Resources Ninety percent of the forest is Oak-Hickory forest, while the remaining 10% is pine plantations (Anonymous 1972) Two Irad systems were studied at TTSF, one which is open to horse travel (TTSF-A) and one in which horse travel is prohibited (TTSF-B) Horse trails receive fight to moderate use at TTSF and arc open from May 1 until the second weekend in November (K A West, pets commun ) Jackson Hole Ecological Area (1942 ha) and Jack- son Hollow Ecological Area (l l6 ha) are located within the Greater Shawnee Hills Section of the Shawnee Hills Natural Division (Lughton et al 1948, Schwegman e[ al 1973, Stretch 1982) These areas are dominated by mesic oak-hickory forest, although much of the forest on Wellston-Berk soils has suc- ceeded robeech-maple Horse trails at both Jackson Hole and Jackson Hollow receive heavy use and are open year round (Beth Shimp, personal communica- tion) Samp[utg To determine the dominant flora found along horse trails, 100 sample sites were located randomly along each of the three trail system (TTSF-A, Jackson Hole, Jackson Hollow) In addition, to determine the dif- ference between trails subject to and trails free from horse travel, 100 sample sites were placed out on [tads n3 o n3 es iaonielets TTSFA TiSFa J Hole J Hollow 26 a[ Trail of Tears State Forest (TTSF-B) that were free from horse travel To attain 100 sample sites, five tran- sects, containing 20 sample saes each, were placed on each trail system The 20 sample sacs were placed out along the trail m 5 m intervals All transects were ran- domly located by placing a numbered gnd over a map of the study site and picking and x- and y-coordinate from a random number table When this random point did not fall directly onto [he trail, the transect was placed at the locatron on the trail closest to this point The determination of [he direction that the 20 sample sites were placed from the original random location and which side of [he trail the transect was placed were determined by a coin toss Sample sues were comprised of a serves of four O S x l m plots oriented perpendicular [o [he trail The firs[ plot was placed m the center of the of the trail (CENTER), the second was placed adlacen[ [o the edge of [he trail (EDGE), the third was placed I m from the trail center into the forest (TRANSITION), and the fourth plot was placed 5 m into the forest interior (INTERIOR) Densuy of all plant species less than one meter m height was recorded for each plot durrng summer 1995 Nomen- clature and determination of whether or not a spectes was exotic to the sties followed Mohlenbrock (1986) To determine the germmable seed bank m horse dung, 40 dung samples (400 ml each) were collected from each TTSF-A, Jackson Hole, and Jackson Hol- low during Summer (June and July) 1995 TTSF-A samples were supplemented with collections from [he nearby Black Diamond Ranch, located approximately 1 km from TTSF-A, wuh direct trail connections onto the TTSF horse trail system Forty dung samples were also collected durrng Autumn (August and September) 1994 from TTSF-A All dung samples collected m the field (both summer and autumn samples) were approx- ima[ely 0-2 days old Soi] samples were taken from each of the three trail systems adJacent to each summer dung sample m the center of the trail to a depth of ap- proximately 5 em In adduwn, 22 deer dung samples were collected durrng Summer (June and July) 1995 from the three study sues (5 from TTSF-A, 10 from Jackson Hole, and 7 from Jackson Hollow) To identify the germmab]e seeds m the dung and soil, each sample was spread evenly over vermt- cuhte m a 12 7 x 17 8 cm tray The trays were then placed m [he greenhouse Seedlings germinating m [he greenhouse [rays from Autumn 1994 were identified and recorded until May 1995, whde seedlings ger- mmaung from greenhouse trays from Summer 1995 were identified and recorded until November 1995 Seedlings were removed from the trays upon identi- fication, some were preserved as voucher specimens Some species with dormancy-breaking requirements (i e , cold, scarification, etc) may have escaped our screening process To quantify the seedlings arising m srtq five grids, each eonsisnng of 32 plots, were placed along the horse trails a[ TTSF-A The placement of gads used the same randomization method used to locate tran- sec[s along the trail Each of the plots were 12 7 x 17 8 cm, corresponding to the size of the green- house [rays Four hundred ml of horse dung was spread evenly over 80 of the 160 plots Forty of those 80 treated plots received horse dung collected from TTSF-A during August and September of 1994, whde the other 40 were treated with horse dung collected from TTSF-A durrng June and July of 1995 The remaining 80 plots m each gnd remained untreated Each of the five gads contained 8 plots treated with dung collected m the fall, 8 plots treated with dung collected m the summer, and I6 untreated plots All treatments were randomly placed within each gnd Stem densities of all herbaceous species were recorded monthly m all plots durrng Autumn 1994 (August- November) and 1995 (March-November) Data analysis Normality of all data sets was tested using SigmaS- tat 2 0 (Jandel Corporation, San Rafael, CA) In most cases, non-parametric statistics were used to analyze [he data m [his study because of their highly non- normal distnbutron Absolute and relative densities of all species were calculated for each data se[ Rela- tive density was calwlated by drvidmg the densuy of each species by [he total densuy of all species m each respective data set Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA Hill 1979, Hill & Gauch 1980) was used to describe the spectes composition at each of the trail sues The DCA was conducted by detrendmg via 26 segments using CANOCO for Windows Version 4 02 For each plot, distance from trail was assigned a rank of I (CENTER), 2 (EDGE), 3 (TRANSITION), or 4 (IN- TERIOR) These ranks were then compared wuh sam- ple scores along the firs[ DCA axis using aone-way Kruskal-Wallace Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) on Ranks, followed by a Dunn's Test for all pauwise comparisons, to see tf spectes composition m trail sues vaned wuh distance from trail z7 An ANOVA on Ranks extended for factorial de- signs (Zar 1998), followed by a Tukey Test for multi- ple comparisons, was employed to determine if stem density values at different dtstance differed between trails subject to horse travel and trails free from horse travel at Trail of Tears State Forest (TTSF-A and TTSF-B) All ANOVAs were calculated using Sigma- Stat for Windows Version 2 0 (Jandel corporation, San Rafael, CA) The RAREFRAC procedure from the Statistical Ecology software package (Ludwig & Reynolds 1988) was used to calculate rarefracuon curves on horse dung and soil samples m the greenhouse germma- non study (Autumn, n = 40, Summer, n = 120, respcctrvely) and field grid experiment (n = 40) Rar- efractton analyses are used to create richness curves which illustrate the expected number of species over an array of theoretical sample sizes (Simberloff 1978, Simberloff 1979, Gotelh & Graves 1996) Jmrcus tenurr was excluded from the rarefracuon analyses on the summer horse dung samples because of its over- whelmmg dominance (> 90% relative density) m those plots Mann-Whitney Rank Sum Tests were used to de- termine tf field gads treated with horse dung had sig- nificantly different stem density values than untreated field grids Results Trail vegetarrmr The Kruskal-Wallace Analysts of Variance (ANOVA) on Ranks showed that the principal gradient of vegeta- tion composmon from the Detrended Correspondence Analysts (DCA) (eigenvalue = 0 679, percentage van- ance of species data = 3 8) was related [o dtstance from the trail center (H = 120 777, df = 3 p < 0 001) A Dunn's Tes[ on all pairwise comparisons fur- ther showed that specter composition on all four teal dtstances were stgmficanUy different (p < 0 OS), with the exception of the CENTER and EDGE positions (Q = 2 559, p > 0 OS) Indeed, several species on the four trad systems were identified only at one or two dtstances, e g , the exouc Poa pratensrs was hmt[ed to the edge and transition plots Species richness was always highest m the one of two plots adJacent to the trails (EDGE and TRANSITION), whsle the CENTER plot maintained the lowest species richness values at all sites (Figure 2) The density of grammotds, as wet l as exouc species, was consistently higher near the Vail than m the forest mtenor, whereas the density of vines was lower (Figures 3a-d) Total relative densny of exouc species found on the trad systems was low (T"CSF-A = 4 IS%, TTSF-B = 123%, Jackson Hole = 0 65%, Jackson Hollow = 1 06%) In all 1600 trml plots, 5 exouc species were identified on the four trad systems (Table I) In addmon, an ANOVA on Ranks extended for factorial designs showed that overall stem densny values at Trail of Tears State Forest were sig- nificantly different (F = 5 861, df = 3, p = 0 003) between trails subJect to (TTSF-A, 34 25 stems m-~) and trails free from horse travel (TTSF-B, 26 35 stems m-Z) The multiple comparison Tukey test showed that all four distances exhibned significantly higher stem density values at TTSF-A (CENTER q=2 905, p < 0 O5, EDGE q = 10 814, p < 0 O5, TRAN- SITION q = 10 45I, p < 0 O5, INTERIOR g = 8 379, p < 0 OS) Greenhouse trays A wide variety of species, many of which are exouc and not normally present m the forest mtenor, can survive passage through the horses' digestive tract Drguarra spp , Fesarca unurdmacea, Meldotus spp , Poa annua, Tnfokunr repens, Chenopodrrrm ambro- srordes, Eleusme mdrea, Kummerowra strrata, Ama- ranrhus sputosa, and Plantago spp are some of the exotic species that germinated abundantly from dung m the greenhouse (Appendix 1) Kummerowra strrata and Prune/la vulgans were the only exouc species found both growing along the trail systems and ger- mmating from the horse dung m the greenhouse trays Kummerowra strrata was found in horse dung samples collected during Autumn 1994 at TTSF-A and m horse dung samples collected during summer 1995 a[ Jack- son Hole However, along [he four trail systems, rt was found only a[ TTSF-A and wnh a relative density of 0 2% Another exouc species, P vulgans, was also found m horse dung samples collected during summer 1995 Several native species also occurred frequently m greenhouse trays, e g , Juncus tennis, Calhtnche terrestrrs, Engeron spp , Lobeka m[raya, and Leersra vrrgrnrca Horse dung samples collected m [he Autumn from TTSF-A and placed out m the greenhouse yielded a total of 43 identifiable (4 unidentifiable) taxa, 19 (44 2%) of which were exouc (Figure 4a) Sotl sam- ples collected from TTSF-A, Jackson Hole, and Jack- son Hollow yielded 40, 25, and 38 species, re- 28 Table ! Relative densmes of exotic spemes identified m [rail vegetation plots at each study sne Ongm Cor each speaes is taken from Mohlenbrock (1986) (TTSF-A = trmis subJect to horse travel at Trad of Tears Stale Forest TTSF-B =trails free Gom horse travel at Trad of Tcars State ForesQ 8pecws Ongm Density (stems m-2) Rel density (%) TTSF-A Kummerm~ru strmla Asra 0 10 0 2 /nn¢ero Japonica Asra 0 85 2 2 Pau prarensrs Europe and Asla 0 I8 0 5 Prunel(a ~ulgmrs Europe 0 28 0 7 Rosa nuJnJlora Cluna and Japan 0 03 0 6 TTSF-B Prune(la vu(gans Europe 0 10 0 3 Rosa mulnJlora Chlna and Japan 0 23 0 8 Jackson Hole Lonrceru Japanicu Asra 0 08 0 3 Pnmef(u vulganr Europe 005 02 Rnsn rnuluJinz China k Japan 0 03 0 I Jackson Hollow Limcera Japonica Asra 0 OS 0 2 Prunella vulgarrs Europe 0 13 0 6 300 ~ 250 - 200 ~' 150 0 1W 50 0 a 14 12 10 c 8 g s 4 2 0 b 5 C 35 d C 30 25 M 3 ~ d20 ¢2 0 o i5 f~ili~i~4~'~ uu,,I I I 10 1 1 'i ~IC'Y~~JY lu~4il~l I `I 4 5 T T I 'I li 1~ hl ~lu~i r p _ ___ ____ 0 ~_~ ~_~____, CENTER EDGE TRANS INT CENTER EDGE TRANS INT Figure 3 (a) Mean denvty (f I) standard enor) of gmmmoid taxa (b) Mean density of vine taxa (excluding Parrhenousrus qumqueJoLa) (c) Mean nchness of exotic taxes (d) Mean density of exotic taxa identified at each distance from horse trails CENTER EDGE TRANS INT CENTER EDGE TRANS INT 29 50 40 w m U N ~ 30 `o a 20 E z 10 ,~ 40 m C V v 30 rn 0 a 20 E Z 70 Fgwe 4 Richness of exotic versus native seedlings germinating from (a) horse dung samples and (h) soil samples (TTSF-A = trails subJect to horse travel at Trail of Tears State Forest 1 Hole = Jacksan Hole, J Hollow =Jackson Hollow) spectively (Figure 46) The nwnber of umden[ifiable spectes m cash of [he sod samples at each site was 3, 1, 2, respectively Overall, the percentage of exotic speues m the summer dung and soil samples ranged from 6 7 l0 34 4% The mean % exotic spectes, how- ever, was similar between the dung (IS%) and soil samples (139%) at the three study sites Rarefrac- uon analysts suggested estimated spectes richness was lowest m the autumn dung samples (11 spectes) and highest m summer dung samples (l8 spectes) (Flo ure 5) Raretractton analysts was also run on ex- otic spectes m the dtfferent samples, however exotic spectes richness was not high enough m all cases to yield interpretable rarefrac[ion curves Neverthe- less, the richness of exouc spectes m comparison with nanve spectes was higher m fall and summer dung samples (40 4 and 26 5%, respectively) than they were m summer Boll samples, trail plots, or field grids (I5, 5 5, and 13 3%, respectively) In addition, 14 of the ]7 exouc spectes found m the summer sod samples were also found m one or more horse dung samples These results show that the exouc seeds transported via horse dung to contribute to and remain viable m the soil seed bank However, of the 30 exouc spectes found m the dung and sod samples, Kuntmerowta strata was [he only one found m trml survey plots, and tt occurred only at TTSF-A with a relative denslty of only 0 I% Two spectes germinated from the 22 deer dung samples Slx individuals of Rubus sp germinated out of three dtfferent greenhouse [rays A fourth tray contained one individual of Ranunculus sceleratus t~ Naive 50 t~ Exotlc - Fall tlung samples Summer so,l samples -- Summer tlung samples - Fieltl sotl plots Fleltl tlung plots 25 zo 1s ~ 10 b S Native ~ Exotic NumSer of Samples (Plots) Figure 5 Results of rarefaction analysts exanumng the dtffercnce between spectes richness m fall and summer dung samples, summer sod samples and field sod and dung plots The vertical dashed tine md~cates where valid canpansons of speues richness can be made among samples and plots Field gads Field grid plots treated with dung and untreated plots at TTSF-A yielded 25 and 20 spectes, respectively Three of the species from treated plots and two species from untreated plots were exouc The three exotic spectes that emerged from the treated plots were Dtg- ttarta tschaemm~t (relative density = 0 8%), K strata (39 2%), and Trtfalmm repens (0 8%) The two ex- TTSF-A TTSF-B J Hole J Hollow TTSF-A J Hole J Hollow 0 20 40 60 BO 100 120 140 so otic species emerging from the untreated plots were K strata (9 0%) and Poa prarenrts (3 3%) Of these spectes, only one individual of K strata and two mdi- viduals of P pratenris were found m quadrats placed along [he trials a[ TTSF-A These spectes were not found on trails at Jackson Hole or Jackson Hollow Stem densities m treated and untreated plots were sta- tisncally mdisnnguishable (T 932, p = 0 807) Rarefractwn analysts showed both untreated grid plots and plots treated with horse dung resulted m relatively similar estimated spectes nchness (16 and 17 spectes, respecnvely)(Figure 5) Discussion ~egeranon along horse trails Horse trails act as condwts for species dispersal through the forest matrix Our study shows that the vegetaton along horse trails is significantly related to the distance from the trail center These findings sup- port the results of Adkison & Jackson (1996), i e ,the density of grammoids is higher along trml comdors than m the forest mtenor, while the density of vines is lower These trends m the vegetation along trail com- dors are partially due to the fact that the perennaung tissue m graminoids is located at ground level allow- ing some defense against trampling but vines arc not so protected The one vine species that did not fol- low this trend was Parthenoussus quuuluefolia a can successfully regrow from severed portions of the shoot (Adkison & Jackson 1996) These findings are consis- tent with those of Benninger-Truax et al (1992) who found that the number of exouc species is higher along trail comdors than m the forest mtenor Compared to the forest mtenor, trails are sites of significantly higher sod density (Bates 1935, Weaver & Dale 1978), lower soil moisture (Dale & Weaver 1974, Liddle 1975), higher light intensity (Cole 1978, Hall & Kuss 1989), and greater trampling pressure (Dale & Weaver 1974, Hammu & Cole 1987) Trails arc sites where com- posinonal shifts m the vegetation are to be expected (Adkison & Jackson 1996) The exouc spemes found along trails during this study are comparable to those reported m previous studies We have found 5 exouc species at"Grail of Tears State Forest (TTSF), three at Jackson Hole, and two a[ Jackson Hollow (Table ]) Evans' (1981) recorded each of tht, 5 exouc species at TTSF found along trails m this study as growing pnmanly m human-disturbed communities In addmon, he iden- tified addmonal invasive exotics such as Puerarra lobata and Meldotus alba Smrth (1992) also noted the occurrence of both of the exotic spemes recorded m this study at Jackson Hollow However, Stn[ch (1982) did not identify Rosa mulafiora growing m any of the communities he sampled While only compnsmg a relative density of 0 12% along trails at Jackson Hole m our study, the presence suggests that this spectes is currently invading these communises The occurrence of exotic spectes m our study, when compared to other studies, was relatively low Of the eleven U S National Parks reviewed by Vuousek (1988), Sequoia-Kings Canyon had the lowest per- centage of exotic spectes (6-9%), while the Hawaiian Volcanoes had [he greatest percentage (64%) Of the four rtes we studied, the percentage of exouc spectes ranged from 3 9% at Jackson Hollow to 6 9% at TTSF- A Similarly, Shtmp (1996) examined three Research Natural Areas m southern ]Ihnois (Dennison Hollow, Panther Hollow, and Barker Bluff) and also found 26 exouc spectes (3 8% of total species nchness) Lanuera~apomca, Rosa mulnflora, Mecrostegum vt- muuum, and Lespedeza cuneata are exouc species found both in our study and Shimp's study Both L Japonica and R multifiora were found m the trail vegetation plots at sites m this study In addition, al- though M vtmtmum and L cuneata were not found in any of the plots in this study, they were observed growing elsewhere along the horse trails at Trail of Tears S[a[e Forest Horses as vectors for exotic seeds A large number of gei-mmable seeds representing a whole variety of native and exouc species are present to horse dung Nevertheless, Kummerowta striata was the only exotic of seven species [hat was identified both in the dung samples and found growing on the horse trails The other six spectes, Ca[[ttrtche ter- restris, Dtchanthelmm dtchotomum, Juncus tenuts, Leersia vtrgmica, Lobe[ta mtraya, and Verbena urnei- foda were not found m trails free from horse [ravel at TTSF These species may have entered the trail system via horse dung While only K strzata is an ex- ouc, the presence of these seven species demonstrates that seeds transported via horse dung can become established on trail systems Deer dung samples produced many fewer geimi- nating seeds than did the horse dung Rubus sp and Ranunculus sce/eraurs both germinated from samples 31 of deer dung placed m the greenhouse While other studies found the related congener, Rttbtts procerus (e g , Brunner et al 1974), to be dispersed by ani- mals, the spectes that we found did not occur along the trails or germinate from horse dung or sod sam- ples This suggests that recrwtmen[ from deer dung may no[ influence vegetation composmon along the trail condors Other studies have observed deer to be important dispersers of seed (Mato & Suarez 1998) The field gads yielded similar results to the green- house trays There was not a significant difference between the controls and the horse dung gads Never- theless, Dtguana tschaenulm, T repens and K strata were found growing out of the horse dung treated plots Dtgttano eschaemum is an agncultural weed, whereas T repens is widely planted m pastures Kum- merowta strtata is also an agncultural weed, however, prior [o the 1990's tt was planted m some areas m southern Illinois (although not at our study saes) as a food source for quail and other wildlife It was noted earlier that neither D aschaemunt nor T repens were found m any of the trail plots, which suggests that they may not be colonizing and establishing along [he trails despite germinating from [he horse dung Such species probably do not constitute a serious threat [o [he forest around the (rail system However, some exotic species from horse dung though not found m the trail plots, may yet have the capacity to germinate tit suu Indeed, Kowank (1995) points out that a long period of [tine often exists between importation and estabhshment of exotics, often over 100 years We have shown that a number of the native and exotic spectes, which can germinate to suu, are trans- ported via horse dung However, few of these species were found growing along the trails This suggests that while erosion and sod compaction due to trampbng are still considerable concerns along horse trails, the exotic spectes present m horse dung constitute only a limited threat to plant communities, at least m these forested ecosystems Perhaps high fight intensities re- quired by these exotic spectes for germmanon and growth are not present within the forested trail cor- ridor This could contnbu[e to the inability of many spectes to germinate m suu, become established, and persist m the trail corridor Nevertheless, one must recognize the noxious potential of some exotic species (Bratton 1982) Their spread is possible within more open commumnes, some of which may be found within torests containing horse trails (e g ,glades, hill praises, or barrens) For these reasons, tt is Impor- tant to try and reduce the number of potential invading plant species m a nature preserve Care must be taken [o balance the needs of the recreational community against the possibility of estabhshment of an invasive plant spectes Acknowledgements Financial support was provided by a three-way chal- lenge cost share agreement between the U S Forest Service, the North Central Forest Experimental Sta- tion, and Southern Ilhnots University at Carbondale Some materials and field assistance were provided by K A Wes[ and the staff of Trail of Tears State Forest We thank Philip A Robertson, Beth A Mid- dleton, Beth Shimp and Jerry Van Sambeek for their continuous support on this protect, and to Mark A Basinger for providing his expertise m plant tdenh- ficatmn Thanks are further due to Don Combs and Nancy Downs, owners of Black Diamond Ranch, for allowing collection of samples on their property References Adkison, G P & Iacksoq M T 1996 Changes mground-layer vege[anon near trails m midwes[em U S forests Nat Areas 1 I6 14-23 Alexander F 1946 The rate of passage of food residues through the digestive tract of the horse J Comp Pathol 56 266-268 Anonymous 1972 Trail of tears state forest Illinois Depanmem of Conservation, Springfield, Ilhnots Sue Brochure Banos, D L , Brown 1 K & Booth G D 1994 Twelve years biomass response m aspen communmes following fire 1 Range Manag 47 79-83 Bates, G H 1935 The vegetation of footpaths, sidewalks, can- tracks, and gateways J Ecol 23 463387 Benninger, M C 1989 Trail az condwts of movement for plant species m coniferous forests of Rocky Mountmn National Park, Colorado M S Thesis, Miami Umversny Benninger-Truax, M C, Vankat, 1 L& Schaefer, R L 1992 Tad condors az habda[ and condwts for movement of plant species m Rocky Mountmn National Pwk Colorado, USA Landsc Ecol 6 269-278 Bmggeh, P 1996 A taxonomic, biogeographical and ecological overnew of invasive woody plants J Veg Sw 7 121-124 Blackorby, C 1994a IFOR and horsemen fight to keep [rwls open m Shawnee National Forest Ilhnots Federation of Owdoor Recreation Newsletter Blackorby, C 19946 Shawnee update Illinois Federation of Out- door Research Newsletter Brarthewarte, R W Lonsdale, W M Re Estbergs J A 1989 Alien vegc[mion and native btotn m iropmal Austaha [he Impact of Mnnosa ptgra Biol Cons 48 189-210 Bmnner, H , Hartis, R V & Amor R L 1976 A note on the disper- sal of blackberry Ru6us procenrs P J Muell by foxes and emus Weed Res 16 171-173 32 Bmtton, S 1982 The effects oC exotic plant and animal species on nature preserves Nat Aroas 1 2 3-13 Burde J H & Renfro, J R 1986 Use impacts on the Appalachian Trail Proceedings, National Wilderness Research Conference Curtem Research Pp 138-143 USDA Forest Service, General Technical Report INT-212 Ogden Utah Coblenv B E 1990 Exotic organisms a dilemma for conservation brology Cons Biol 4 261-265 Cole, D 1978 Estimating [he suscepnb~lvy of wddland vegetation m trmis~de altemuon J Appl Ecol IS 281-286 Cole D 1993 Mimm¢mg conflict between recreation and nature conservation Pp IOS-122 In Smnh D S & Hellmund P C (eds) Ecology of greenways University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, Minneapolis Collins, S L & Gibson D 1 1990 Effects of fire an commu- nity stmcmm m tallgrass and mixed-grass pmme Pp 81-98 In Collins S L & Wallace, L L (eds), Fve m North Amen- can tallgrazs pinnies Umversny of Oklahoma Press, Norman, Oklahoma Dale, D & Weaver T 1974 Trampling effects on vegetation of the trail comdors of Nonh Rocky Mountain forests 1 Appl Ecol I1 767-772 Davis, M A , Cnme, 1 P & Thompson, K 2000 Fluctuating re- source m plain communities a general theory of mvasrbitny I Ecol 88 258-534 Elron, C S 1958 The ecology of mvasrons by animals and plants Methuen, London UK Evans, M 1981 The vascular flora of Trml of Tears S[a[e Forest Union County, Ilhnors M S thews, Southem Bhnors Unrversrty at Carbondale, Faulkner, J 1993 Darnage to natural areas purchased wnh LAW- CON funds Ilhnms Nature Preserves Commission Fenner, M 1985 Sced ecology Chapman & Hall, London Gonzalez-Espinoza, M & Qmntana-ASCenao, P F 1986 Seed pre- dation and dispersal m a dominant plant Opuntm ants bads, and mammals Pp 273-284 In Estrada A & Flemming, T H (eds), Fmgrvores and seed dispersal Dr W Junk Publishers, Dordrecht Go[elh N 1 Re Graves G R 1996 Nall models m ecology Smuhsoman Institute Press Washington D C GnFith, D & Lacey, 1 R 1991 Economm evaluation of spatted knapweed Cenraurea rmndosa control using piclomm 1 Range Manag 44 43-47 Hall, C N & Kuss F R 1989 Vegemtion alteration along trails m Shenandoah Nanonal Park Virginia Brol Cons 48 211-227 Hammn W E & Cole, D N 1987 Wtldland recreation Ecology and management John Wiley & Sons, New York Hannon G W Rc F D 1934 The percenmge and vrab~bry of weed seeds recovered m the feces of farm animals and then longevity when boned in manure J Am Soc Agron 26 762-767 Harper, J L 1977 Population brology of plants Academrc Press, London Heady H F 1954 Viable teed recovered Crom fecal pellets of sheep and deer J Range Manag 7 259-261 Hester, E F 1991 The U S Nanonal Park Sernce expenence wnh exonc spemes Nat Areas ] I 1 127-i28 Hill, M O DECORANA - a FORTRAN Program for detrended correspondence analysis and reciprocal averaging Ecology and Systematics, Cornell Unversty, Ithaca, New Yark hldl, M O & Gauch H C 1980 Detrended cortespondence analysis an unproved oNmauon technique Vege[atio 42 47-58 Hobbs R 1 & Huenneke L F 1992 Disturbance diversity, and invasion unphcanons for conservation Cans Biol 6 324-337 Holland, P & Olson S 1989 Introduced versus native plants m Austral forests Prog Phys Geog 13 260.293 lanzen, D H 1981 Emer/obiurn c)e/owrpun seed passage rate and survival m horses Costa Rsan pleismcene seed dispersal agents Ecology 62 593-601 lanzen D H 1982 Differential seed survival and passage rates m cows and horces Oikos 38 150.156 Kowank, 1 1995 Time lags m biologmal mvasrons wnh regard to the success and fadurc of alien species Pp IS-38 In Pysek, P, Prach, K ReJmanek, M & Wade, M (eds) Plant mvasrons - geneml azpects and speaal problems SPB Academic Publishing Amsterdam, The Netherlands Kucem, C L & Kcelhng M 1964 The influence of fire on composwon of central Missoun panne Am Midland Nat 72 142-147 Land F 1994 Troubled trails Western Horseman, Apnl 6-97 Leighton, M , Ekblaw G E & Hamberg, L 1948 Phyvograph~c divisions of Illinois Geology 56 16-33 Liddle, M 1 1975 A selective review of the ecological effects of human trampling on natural ecosystems Biol Cons 7 17-36 Ludwig, 1 A Rc Reynolds J F 1988 Statisimal ecology A pnmer on methods and computing John Wiley & Sons, New York Malo, 1 E & Suarez, F 1998 The dispersal of a dry-finned shrub by red deer m a Mediterranean ecosystem Ecography 2I 204- 211 McCully, W G 1951 Recovery and vmbrhty of Macanney rose seeds fed to cattle 1 Range Manag 4 101-106 Meekrns, 1 F & McCarthy, R C 199 Competitive nbihty of Allana penolato (Garlic Muaard, Brassroaceae), an invasive, nomndigenous forest herb Int 1 Plant Sci 160 743-752 Middleton, B A & Masan, U H 1992 Seed herbivory by ndgm, feral cattle, ,mil wild boar m the Keolado Nanonal Park, Indm Bwtroptca 24 538-543 Mohlenbrock, R H 1986 Grade to [he vascular flora of Illinois Southem Illinois Unrversvy Press Carbondale, Ilhnors Mooney, H A & Drake, J 1986 The ecology of bmlog¢al m- vasrons of North Amenca and Hawari Spnnger-Verlag, New York Noss R F 1990 Can we marntarn b~olog¢al and ecological mtegntyv Cons Brol 4 241-243 Ohmann, L F & Gngal D F 1981 Contrazting vegetation re- sponses following two forest fires m northeastern Minnesota Am Midland Na[ 106 54-64 Pickett, S T A & White, P S 1985 The ecology of natural disturbance and patch dynamics Academia Press Orlando, Flonda Piggm, C M 1978 Dapersal of Echuun plwaagmenrn L by sheep Weed Res IS 155-160 Ridley H N 1930 Dispersal of plant throughout the world Reeve, Aston Kcn[, UK Schemer, S M, Shank, T L, Roberts, M R& Kopple, R V 1988 Tree densry modes o(tree recrm(mem m a Mshigan pme- hardwood (ores[ after clear-cooing and bummg Can Field-Nat 102 634-638 Schwegman, J E Ftll, G D, Hutchinson M D, Paulson, G Shepherd, W M & Whve, 1 1973 Comprehensive plant for the Ilhnors Preserves system Part II -The Nawral Divivons of Ilhnors Illinois Nature Preserves Comm~ss~on Springfield, Ilhnors Shawnee Natrona) Forest 1992 Shawnee Namur Forest Amended Land and Resource Managemcm Plant Al(ernauve 5 -Final Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement USDA, Forest Servme Easiem Region 33 Shunp, 1 1996 Vegemuon analysis and vascular floras of three Research Natural Areas RNAs m the Shawnee Nation Forest Barker Bluff Dennison Hollow and Panther Hollow msouth- easicm Illinois M S Thesis Southem Ilhnots Umversuy at Carbondale Simberlo(f, D 1978 Use of rarefracnon and related methods m ecology pp 150-165 In Dickson, K L, Catms 1 and Lmmgston, R 1 (eds) &olog¢al data m water pollution as- sessment quantitative and stattsncal analyses, ASTM STP 652 Amencan Soctery for Testing and Ma[enals Simbcrloff D 1979 Rarefracuon as a d~s[nbunon-free method of expressing and estimating drverstty Pp 159-176 Grasse, 1 F Pall G P Smnh W & Ta~lhe C (eds), Ecological drver- sty m theory and pmcuce Intemanonal Co-operative Publishing House, Fmrland Maryland Smith R G 1988 The vascular flora of Jackson Hollow M S thesis, Southem Ilhnots Umversny at Carbondale Soup, M E 1990 The onslaught of alien species, and other challenges to the coming decades Cons Btol 4 2i3-239 Stnich, L R 1982 A flonsbc survey of the Hayes Creek Canyon watershed, Pope County, Ilhnots M S thesis, Southem Ilhnots Unrversty at Carbondale Untied Stales Congress, Office of Technology Assessment 1991 Harmful non-mchgenous specter m the United Slates OTA-F-565 United Smtes Government Punting Office Wash- ington D C Vander Naot G W Symons L D Lydman, R K& Fonnesbeck, P V 1967 Rate of passage of vanous feedstuffs through the digestive tract of horses 1 Animal Sci 26 1309-131 I Vnousek, P M 1988 Drvers~ty and biological invasions of oceanic islands Pp I81-189 In Wdson, E O and Peters F M (eds), Biodnersuy National Academy Press Washington, D C Weaver T & Dale D 1978 Trampling effetts of hikers, motor- cycles, and horses m meadows and forests 1 Appl Ecol IS 451-457 Welch. D 1965 Studies m the grazing of heather moorland m north- east Scotland, IV Seed dispersal and plan[ establishment m dung 1 Appl Ecol 22 461-472 Westman W E 1990 Park management of exotic plant species problems and issues Cons Btol 4 251-259 Wflhamson, M 1996 Biological mvaswns Chapman & Hall London England Wdson 1 P & Seney, 1 P 1994 Erosional Impact of hikers, horses, motorcycles and off-road bsycles on mountain [nals m Montana Mountmn Res Devel 14 77-88 Zar, l H 1998 Btostaustical analysis Prenhce Hall New Iersey 34 Appendix 1 Absolute (seedhngs m2) and relative densutes of speaes ~dentihed m dung samples TTSFA-Summer Abs Rel TTSFA -Autumn Abs Rel Jack Hole Abs ReI Jack Hollow Abs Rel Exotic species Anmrnnthus spmosnr 4 20 0 11 86 10 4 75 1 05 O I3 2 10 0 26 Avena sp 11 55 0 29 0 00 0 00 1 05 0 13 4 20 O 53 Cnrdunme lursura 105 003 525 029 000 000 000 000 Cerustruw glamerunun 2 I0 0 05 0 00 0 00 105 0 13 2 !0 0 26 Chennpoduun ambrosroides 000 0 00 264 60 14 58 0 00 000 0 00 0 00 Daucur camtu 000 000 105 006 000 000 000 000 Drgnana rschaermun 27 30 0 69 613 20 33 80 2 10 0 25 2 10 0 26 Orguanu sungumah r 2 10 0 OS 119 70 6 60 0 00 0 00 1 05 0 13 E(ensme ntdrea 2 10 0 05 130 20 7 I8 105 0 13 0 00 000 Fesnrca arundmucea 1 155 0 29 12 60 0 69 9 45 1 14 21 00 264 Kumrnemwra nnum 000 000 19110 1053 105 013 000 000 Marnmr m chwnunnlla 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 OS 0 1 3 Me(dnnrc sp IS 75 0 40 1 05 0 06 25 20 3 04 13 65 1 71 Mnllugo verncdlunis 1 05 0 03 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Plmvngo lmuenlutu 105 0 03 5 25 0 29 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Plunruga nm/ar 0 00 0 00 89 25 4 92 0 00 0 00 0 00 000 Pau unrtua 30 45 0 77 2 10 0 12 9 45 114 48 30 6 06 Polygomun maculure 0 00 0 00 I OS 0 06 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Polyganum cecprrosurn 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 OS 0 13 Pnlygomnn cnnvolvuc 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 OS 0 13 Porrufucu olemceu 000 000 000 000 000 000 105 OI3 Pnmella vulgan c 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 05 0 13 000 000 Rurnex cnspus I OS 0 03 4 20 0 23 000 0 00 5 25 0 66 Rurnex obrucrfobus 105 003 000 000 210 025 31S 040 Tiuauaum nfficmale 0 00 0 00 105 0 06 0 00 0 00 1 05 0 13 Tnfnbunt prurense 5 25 0 29 0 00 0 00 0 00 000 000 0 00 D rfnbum repens 1 18 65 3 02 16 80 0 93 35 70 4 31 77 70 9 75 t'erbuscum rhapvrs 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 OS 0 13 ] OS 0 13 lreron¢a pengnna 30 45 0 77 2 10 0 12 105 O 13 4 20 0 53 Native specter Agrunnnm sp 0 00 0 00 1 05 0 06 0 00 0 00 000 0 00 Arnbmsru arrenurufolru 0 00 0 00 2 10 O 12 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Auer prfosur 000 000 105 006 000 000 000 000 Roelrnrena c ylmdnr a 0 00 0 00 4 20 0 23 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Rromur sp 105 003 000 000 000 000 000 000 Cullmrche heleuiphyllu 000 000 315 017 000 000 105 013 Carex b/undo 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 7 35 0 92 Cmec cephalopkuru 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 05 0 13 Cures spp 2 10 0 05 0 00 0 00 1 05 0 13 3 15 0 40 Cypernc nvulanr 000 000 210 012 000 000 000 000 Omhmrthehurn bosw 0 00 0 00 10 50 O SR 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 D¢hunrhehum drehotwr:um 000 000 210 012 000 000 105 OI3 Echpra pmvrum 000 000 420 023 000 000 000 000 Eleochm rs obnroa 2 10 0 05 000 0 00 0 00 000 0 00 0 00 Engemn muua 0 00 0 00 6 30 0 35 0 00 000 0 00 0 00 Engemn phJude(phaus 3 15 0 O8 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Engemn spp 1 OS 0 03 19 95 110 0 00 0 00 000 0 00 Engemn srngnsus 000 0 00 1 OS 0 06 000 0 00 0 00 0 00 lvn aroma 0 00 0 00 I OS 0 06 000 0 00 0 00 0 00 35 Append+x I Continued y~ ' TTSFA-S ummer TTSFA -AUmmn Jack Hole, Jack Hollow Abs Rel Abs Rel Abs Rel Abs Rel Junurs margumurs 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 I OS 0 13 0 00 0 00 Junurc tenws 3593 10 91 35 U2 25 8 39 642 6 77 57 535 50 67 19 Leersru vugman 2 10 0 OS 0 00 0 00 000 0 00 0 00 0 00 Leprduun rrrguucnrn 2 10 0 OS 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 OS 0 13 Leucosporu nndnJida 0 00 0 00 000 000 I OS 0 13 0 00 000 Lrndernm dubm 000 000 000 000 210 025 000 000 Labeba mJturu 0 00 0 00 1 OS 0 06 2 10 0 25 000 0 00 Ludovgm alter nufnha 0 00 0 00 000 000 000 0 00 I OS 0 13 MJnsunic nununuc 210 005 000 000 000 000 000 000 Osah s rmrcra 3 15 0 08 I OS 0 06 I OS 0 13 000 0 00 Punrcurn sp 000 000 630 035 I05 013 000 000 Penrharum sedo+dec 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 000 0 00 2 10 0 26 Prleu purnda 0 00 0 00 1 OS 0 06 0 00 0 00 I OS 0 13 Planmgo rugelu 0 00 0 00 I OS 0 06 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Plnnmgn vvgm¢a 1155 029 000 000 000 000 525 066 Paa cp 000 000 735 041 000 000 000 000 Rnmmculus abonrvuc 420 011 000 000 000 000 000 000 Ranuncu6is ttetenuuc 2835 072 000 000 210 025 4620 580 Sabr mgru 000 000 630 035 000 000 000 000 Seneuo glubelluc I OS 0 03 0 00 0 00 I OS 0 13 0 00 0 00 Snhduga caruden ci c 3IS 0 08 6 30 0 35 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Sn6d<+gn ubn faba I OS 0 03 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 000 Verbena urncrfa(m 0 00 000 19 95 ] 10 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Vemn¢a arvensrc 840 021 105 006 000 000 000 000 Wuodsnr abnr ca 0 00 0 00 000 000 80 85 9 76 0 00 0 00 THE EFFECTS OF RECREATION ON BIRDS: A LITERATURE REVIEW 20 ArRir.1999 Prepared by: Karen A. Bennett, Informatron Managers Enc F. Zuelke, Assocsate Bsologsst Delaware Natural Herstage Program Divssson of Fssh & Wsldhfe Department of Natural Resources and Envsronmental Control 4876 Hay Point Landing Road Smyrna, DE 19977 (302) 653-2880 ~ Questions regarding this report should be sent to the primary author at the above address, phone number, or email kbennett@state de us Acknowledgements Funding for thrs protect was provided by the Delaware Division of Parks and Recreatron, Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control The following individuals contributed their knowledge regarding the topic of human disturbance to bird populations and / or their assistance m locating and acquiring copies of relevant literature Christopher Heckscher (DNHP), Brian Harrington (Manoment Center for Conservation Sciences), Marie Eckhard (Cornell Lab of Ormthology), H Franklin Peraval (Florida Cooperatrve Fish and Wildlife Research Umt), Mary Klein (Colorado Natural Heritage Program), and Pat McAvoy (Umversity of Delaware Library) We would also Ike to thank Lynn Broaddus for reviewing drafts of this report Introduction In recent decades increased visitation to national parks, recreation areas, and wildlife refuges by ecotounsts and recreatiomsts has spawned discussion about balancing the needs of visitors, protecting wildlife, and preserving natural resources Delaware is no exception, and recently has been faced with addressing this challenge with regard to state-owned park land The Division of Parks and Recreation is charged with management of thousands of acres m the State of Delaware Their management responsibility lies not only with providing recreation and cultural opportunities for the public, but also with management and protection of natural resources found in state parks and natural areas The latter issue is becoming especially critical as development pressure increases throughout Delaware The Division recognizes that current approaches to land use and natural resource management need to be adjusted to address increased visitation and demands to have more access to park resources In response to these issues, the Div~s~on has begun developing master plans for priority park lands One such plan currently being developed for Cape Henlopen State Park (CHSP) in Sussex County, Delaware brought attention to the issue of providing recreational opportunities for park visitors while minimizing disturbance to wildlrfe and destruction of habitat In particular, there has been much debate over the proposed alignment for apedestrian /bike path through the southern portion of the park, and the potential effect of its use on birds that feed and rest in an adjacent 80 ha (200 acre) brackish pond (i e , Cordons Pond) The Division of Parks and Recreation, m recognizing the need to incorporate sound scientific research into planning dec~s~ons, requested the assistance of the Delaware Natural Heritage Program (DNHP) m conducting a literature search for research pertaining to the effects of recreatoon, specifically pedestrians and bicycles, on birds This paper summarizes the results of the literature search and the findings reported in the most relevant studies Methods We conducted a thorough search of the scientific I~terature for research pertaining to the effects of human disturbance, particularly as it relates to outdoor recreation, on bird populations Due to the nature of the project that is being proposed by the Delaware Division of Parks and Recrearion (i e ,bike path), our search specifically focused on the impacts of bicycle and pedestrian traffic on bird populations Several methods were used to locate publications addressing bird disturbance issues Organizations that specialize m researching bird populations were 2 contacted by telephone or email to inquire about their knowledge of such studies and were asked to forward citations related to this subject (Table 1) Additionally, several online databases (Table 2), many of which include abstracts, that are available at the University of Delaware or on the Internet were searched using a variety of keyword combinations (Table 3) Finally, the literature cited sections of Table 1: Organizations contacted for information regarding research pertaining to human disturbance related to outdoor recreation to bird populations ^ Cornell Lab of Ornithology Marie Eckhardt, Research Assistant, Education Department 159 Sapsucker Woods, Ithaca, NY 14550 ^ Florida Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Urut H Franklin Percroal, Urut Leader P O Box 110450, Umverstty of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 ^ Manomet Center for Conservation Sciences Brian Harrington, Senior Scientist PO Box 1770, Manomet, MA 02345 ^ Colorado Natural Heritage Program Mary Klein, Director 254 General Services Bldg Fort Collins, CO 80523 relevant artrcles and books were reviewed to identify pertinent articles References for articles that appeared to be applicable were uploaded or hand entered into a bibliographic database housed m the DNHP office We revtewed article abstracts to determine the applicability of a given publication prior to acquiring full copies for review If an abstract or title suggested particular relevance to the Division of Parks and Recreation project (e.g., specifically mentioned the effects of pedestrians and/or bicycle activity on bird populations), then copies were obtained, reviewed, and summarized m the final report to the Droision of Parks and Recreation Table 2 Online databases used to search for publications pertaining to impacts of outdoor recreation on bird populations Database a DELCAT University of Delaware ^ Carl Uncover The Uncover Company ^ Biological Sciences Set Cambndge Scientific Abstracts ^ Biological Abstracts Biolog~ca] Abstracts, Inc ^ ProQuest D~g~tal Dissertations UMI Company, A Bell & Howell Company ^ bnpnct/ACCESS Government Documents Catalogue Service Auto-Graphics, Inc a Fish & Wildlife Reference Servse U S Fish & Wddhfe Service ^ Park Science National Park Service Descnuhon Catalogue of the Umvers~ty of Delaware Library holdings Internet accessible database of articles from over 18,000 mulhdisc~phnary journals from 1988 to date Citations, with abstracts, Eor articles, books, conference proceedings, monographs, and reports relating to the b~ologual, medical, and agricultural sciences from 1982 to date Citations, with abstracts, for articles m scholarly journals relating to life science from 1990 to date Citations and abstracts (1980 onwards) for dissertations and theses from 1861 to date Complete Monthly Catalogue of U S Government Publications from 1976 to date Pr~mar~ly unpublished research reports produced by State agencies under Federal Aid m Sport Fish and Wildlife Restoration projects Database contains some published research and U S Fish and W~Idhfe Service title publications Catalogue of issues published from 1980 to present Table 3. Keywords used to search online databases for literature addressing impacts of outdoor recreation on bird populations The (*) , wildcard character was used to search for var~ahons on root keywords (e g , b~k* searches for BIKE, BIKES, and BIKING) Keywords• ^ Recreation*and wddhfe ^ D~sturbance* and b~k* ^ Recreation*and bird* ^ D~sturbance* and cycl* ^ Human disturbance*and b~rd* ^ Disturbance* and mountambik* Human d~sturbance* and wddhfe ^ Bik* and trail* ^ Human impacts and bud* O B~k* and path* ^ Human impacts and wddhfe ^ Bicycl* and trail* ^ Disturbance* and trail* ^ Bicycl* and path* 4 RESULTS and DISCUSSION Overview The study of recreatron and wildlife has developed into a discipline of natural resource /ecological management over the past few decades This is attributed mostly to the increased interest and participation m ecotounsm and outdoor recreation, particularly in natural areas, parks, and refuges (Boyle & Samson 1985, Knight & Gutzwiller 1995, Liddle 1997) Within the past five years, three texts have been published on issues related to the topic of recreation and wildlife mcludmg Wrldland Recreation Ecology and Management (Hammitt & Cole 1998), Recreation Ecology (Liddle 1997), and W2ldhfe and Recreatiomsts Coexistence through Management rind Research (Knight & Gutzwiller 1995) These treatises examine the environmental impacts of recreation, mcludmg impacts on wildlife, with discussions of how negative effects can be mitigated m areas where both recreatron and protection of natural resources are often dual, but conflicting, goals Each also includes an extensive bibliography Research articles discovered during this review ranged from summaries of the literature on the impacts of recreation activity on birds (Boyle & Samson 1983, 1985, Vaske et al 1983, Hockm et al 1992, Burger et al 1995, Knight & Gutzwiller 1995, Hill et al 1997, Liddle 1997) to methods for quantrfy~ng the effects of human disturbance on wildlife (Pomerantz et al 1988, Gill et al 1996) and controlled experiments and cursory observations on the effects of different types of outdoor recreation on bird populatrons (van der Zande et al 1980, Burger 1981, Burger 1986, van der Zande et al 1984, Klein 1993, Klein et al 1995, Rodgers & Smith 1995, 1997, Gill et al 1996, Burger & Gochfeld 1998) Although an exact count of references for this project was not tallied, hundreds of articles pertaining to the impacts of outdoor recreation on wrldhfe, mcludmg brrd populatrons, were discovered using the search methods described above However, because our primary objectrve was to identify research specrfically focused on the effects of bicycle and pedestrian traffic on birds, many papers were rejected from the full revrew process rf the abstract lacked relevance to the proposed Division of Parks and Recreatron project We primarily hmrted our discussion of the existing research to groups of birds that are likely to occur rn habitats in and around Cordons Pond (e g ,waterfowl, shorebirds, and wading birds) and to landscapes similar to those found at CHSP (e g ,trails or unimproved roads on dikes adjacent to impoundments) Exceptions were made for studies that demonstrated relevance rn other respects A review of literature conducted more than 15 years ago by Boyle & Samson (1983, 1985) rdentified 536 references concerning the effects of "non-consumptive" outdoor recreation on wrldhfe Of these, 106 contained original data on the effects 5 on birds of hiking and camping (27), boatrng (34), wildlife observatron and photography (21), off-road vehicles (9), snowmobiles (2), swimming and shore recreation (8), and rock climbing (5) Hill et al (1997) conducted a review of bird disturbance research published from 1970 to 1995 and found studies addressing the following types of acriviries boatrng, sailing, windsurfing (31), swimming and shore based activities including ORVs (31), and walking (22), hunting (18), and angling (12) Additional studies on the effects of tourism and recreation on birds were found during this literature search including the effects of logging, horseback riding, dog walking, children, and worm and clam digging (Burger 1981, Burger 1986, Burger & Gochfeld 1998) Clearly, there is a variety of research addressing the impacts tourism and recreation actroities on birds and other wildlife Bicycling Surprisingly, despite the indication that cycling is increasing both m millions of people participating (second only to swimming in 1992) and frequency of parriciparion (in 1992 nearly 1 5 trines higher than any other recreation actrvity not dependent on wildlife, Flathers & Cordell 1995), none of the studies reviewed for this protect speafically examined the effects of bicycle riding versus other types of recreation on birds Nor was cycling fisted m reviews of studies on recreation effects on birds (Liddle 1997, and see above) Either cycling has not been perceived as having an effect on wildlife or it may not be an activity that has occurred with great frequency m areas where wildlife management and recreatron actrvihes are both goals For example, a survey of U S Fish and Wildlife refuge managers did not identrfy cycling as a visitor activity, much less one that negatrvely impacts wildlife (Pomerantz et al 1988) The lack of informarion on cycling activity and its effect on birds makes it difficult to interpret its importance as a disturbance factor relative to other types of recreation One study found during this literature search compared the effects of moutambikmg with hiking and logging on a mammal population (i e ,chamois, a small goat-like mammal of the mountains of Europe) in Switzerland (Gander & Ingold 1997) In this experimental study, the alert and escape distances of chamois were influenced both by lime of day and mode of travel along a trail through their habitat Late in the morning, the disturbance response of chamois to loggers and mountainbikers was slightly stronger than their response to hikers The authors suggest the faster pace of the former recreationists may have posed an increased threat to the chamois Although this study indicates a varying response of a mammal species to different types of recrearion, these data should not be directly applied to other taxonomic groups Rather, this study indicates that bicycling could cause different levels of disturbance to wildlife and should be further investigated 6 Although not compared with other types of recreation, cycling occurred during four different studies of bird disturbance In each of these studies, the authors considered the effects of cycling m different ways 1) Gill et al (1996) lumped cycling with other actroitres that they assumed had similar effects on wildlife (e g ,horseback riding) 2) Van der Zande et al (1984) assumed cycling contributed less to levels of recreation intensity than other types of recreation Compared to walking, the authors assumed cycling contributed less to recreatron intensity due to the higher speed with which cyclists travel, thus exposing birds to disturbance for shorter periods The authors also assumed the behavior of cyclists, which travel along a consistent path, posed less of a threat to birds than unleashed dogs, which exhibit rapid, erratic movements 3) Van der Zande et al (1980) assumed cycling was not a significant disturbance factor related to other modes of travel (e g ,motorized vehicles) being studied and thus cycling activity was not recorded 4) Klein (1993) lumped cycling with other modes of travel because she assumed the mode of travel (e g ,car, bus, bicycle, or moped) was not as important as the behavior of the visitor (e g ,slow versus quick movements, direct versus tangential approach, noise levels) and purpose for the visit to the refuge (e g, photography, nature observation, fishing, fitness, driving) [NOTE Mary Kler was contacted and agreed to provide more data regarding cycling activity during her study, but this informatron was not yet available by the end of the protect period ] Two authors noted that cycling or actrvity related to fitness (i e ,includes logging and possibly cycling) occurred so infrequently during their studies that inferences about the data could not be drawn (Klein 1993, Gill et al 1996) Otherwise, for studies which did not mention cycling, l) it may not have occurred, 2) the authors assumed it had insignificant effects thus ignored cycling during their study, or 3) lumped cycling with other types of recreatron without disclosure m their pubhcatrons Two environmental assessments for bike trail protects in National Parks were found during this literature search Everglades National Park and Cape Cod National Seashore (National Park Service 1987, 1989) These EAs merely list wildlife species found within park boundaries, including rare or endangered species and habitats where they are found Neither study, however, directly addresses potentral impacts to wildlife populations or plans for mitigatrng impacts Overall, Hill et al (1997) noted that EAs written for impacts of sports and recreation on birds generated descriptive results with little assessment of significant effects An M S thesis ritled Development of a Bike Pnth rn the Ecologically Sensrhve Lake Tahoe Basin (Holderman 1991) was requested through inter-library loan but had not yet been delivered to the DNHP by the end of the project period This document may address wildlife issues, and upon delivery it will be reviewed and pertinent contents will be forwarded to the Division of Parks and Recreation Of the research reviewed above, Klein (1993) incorporated two important factors (i e ,visitor behavior and purpose of visit) into her study of recreatron impacts on birds (Knight & Cole 1995a) Klein's approach makes sense because the actions of people engaged in one type of recreation activity may vary greatly, and even the effects of different recreation activities may be difficult to separate based on mode of travel alone Cyclists, for example, in effect become pedestrians if they stop and walk away from their bicycles If they then proceed to approach a bird for closer observarion or photography, or engage m boisterous conversarion with companions, they may cause more disturbance to birds than visitors engaged in gwet, consistently paced hiking or cycling achviries With regard specifically to cycling, speed and course (straight vs erratic) may also have differential effects on birds (Knight & Cole 1995a) Thus in order to identify which aspects of recreation affect birds the most, it is important to include visitor behaviors m additron to the mode of travel as disturbance factors General Impacts of Recreation and Ecotourism on Birds Although our literature review revealed a lack of research on the specific effects of bicycle activity on bird populations, more general studies conducted on the effects of recreahonists and ecotounsts on birds should be helpful for making decisions about the placement and management of a pedestnan /bike trail through CHSP The findings from these studies, as they pertain to the proposed CHSP trail prolect, are summarized below Several studies have examined the effects of recreationists on birds using shallow- water habitats adjacent to trails and roads through wildlife refuges and coastal habitats in the eastern United States (Burger 1981, Burger 1986, Klein 1993, Burger et al 1995, Klein et al 1995, Rodgers & Smith 1995,1997, Burger & Gochfeld 1998) The juxtaposition of landscape features in these studies is similar to what one would find at CHSP, though the project site at CHSP is much smaller m size than some of the refuge study sites and motorized vehicles would not be permitted on the proposed trail at CHSP Overall, the existing research clearly demonstrates that disturbance from recreation activities always have at least temporary effects on the behavior and movement of birds within a habitat or localized area (Burger 1981,1986, Klein 1993, Burger et al 1995, Klein et al 1995, Rodgers & Smith 1997, Burger & Gochfeld 1998) The findings that were reported m these studies are summarized below m terms of visitor activity and avian response to disturbance Visitor Achvitu ^ Presence Birds avoided places where people were present and when visitor activity was high (Burger 1981, Klein et al 1995, Burger &Gochfeld 1998) ^ Distance Disturbance increased with decreased distance between visitors and birds (Burger 1986), though exact measurements were not reported o Approach Angle Visitors drrectly approaching birds on foot caused more disturbance than visitors dnvmg by m vehicles, stopping vehicles near birds, and stopping vehicles and getting out without approaching birds (Klein 1993) Direct approaches may also cause greater disturbance than tangential approaches to birds (Burger &Gochfeld 1981, Burger et al 1995, Knight & Cole 1995a, Rodgers & Smrth 1995,1997) o Photographers Photographers were more likely to approach brrds and thus were more likely to disturb them (Klein 1983) ^ Type and Speed of Activity Joggers and landscapers caused birds to flush more than fishermen, clammers, sunbathers, and some pedestrians, possibly because the former groups move quickly (loggers) or create more noise (landscapers) The latter groups tend to move more slowly or stay rn one place for longer periods, and thus birds likely perceive these activities as less threatening (Burger 1981,1986, Burger et al 1995, Knight and Cole 1995a) Alternatively, birds may tolerate passing by with unabated speed whereas if the actrvity stops or slacks birds may flush (Burger et al 1995) ^ Noise Nose caused by visitors resulted m increased levels of disturbance (Burger 1982,1986, Klern 1993, Bowles 1995, Burger &Gochfeld 1998), though nose was not correlated with visitor group size (Burger &Gochfeld 1998) ^ Children Groups with chrldren caused increased disturbance probably because children created more noise and made rapid, erratic movements (Burger 1986) ^ Dogs In general, the presence of dogs caused birds to flush (Burger 1986, Pomerantz et al 1988, Knight & Cole 1995b) Unleashed dogs, however, pose a direct threat to birds because they can chase and kill them (Burger 1986), and they may disturb birds more by making more rapid, erratic movements (van der Zande et al 1984) than leashed dogs Dogs can also create noise disturbance a Horses: People on horseback did not seem to threaten birds even though they frequently moved rapidly (Burger 1986) Birds flushed only to avoid trampling Burger (1986) surmised that the birds perceived only the horse and not the person riding 9 Avian Responses ^ Migrants vs. residents Migrants, mcludmg waterfowl, herons and egrets, and shorebirds, tended to be more sensitive to disturbance than resident birds, but vanatrons existed within and among species and family groups (Burger 1981, Klein 1993, Burger et al 1995, Klein et al 1995, Burger &Gochfeld 1998) Vanations within species may have been due to habituatron of resident versus migrant sub-populations (Klein 1993, Burger 1981, Burger et al 1995, Burger & Gochfeld 1998) Migrants are particularly sensitive to reduced or lost feeding opportunities because it is critical for them to increase energy reserves to complete migration and initiate breeding (Burger 1986, Burger et al 1995) ^ Feeding Feeding trine decreased and vigilance increased when people were present and with increased noise levels (Burger &Gochfeld 1998) Increased use of paths near foraging and loafing habitats caused birds to feed farther from path or to leave the area Once disturbed birds tended to stay farther from path (Burger 1981, Klein et al 1995, Burger &Gochfeld 1998) ^ Cover Birds tended to retreat to vegetation, if available, while people were present and returned to forage as visitors left area (Burger &Gochfeld 1998) ^ Habituation Depending on the species (especially migrants vs residents), some birds may habituate to some types of recreation disturbance and either are not disturbed or will immediately return after the initial disturbance (Hockin et al 1992, Burger et al 1995, Knight & Temple 1995, Madsen 1995, Fox & Madsen 1997) More sensitive species will be displaced from their habitat for longer periods of time or will not return, and thus maybe denied access to resources they need to survive ^ Habitat preferences and quality Habitat preferences and quality may confound or override disturbance effects (i e ,birds that appear to avoid habitat because of disturbance may actually be exhibiting preference for microhabitats that happen to be farther from disturbance, or high qualzty feeding sites may cause birds to ignore disturbances, Klein 1993). Pubkshed Recommendations forMitzgatzon of Recreation Effects on Birds Several recommendations for mitigatrng the effects of recreation on birds have been made by various authors These mclude• ^ Buffer zones Rodgers & Smith (1997) calculated buffer distances that minimize disturbance to foraging and loafing birds based on experimental flushing distances for 16 species of waders and shorebirds They recommended 100m as an adequate buffer against pedestrian traffic, however, they suggest this distance may be reduced if physical barriers (e g ,vegetation screening) are provided, noise levels are reduced, and traffic is directed tangentially rather than directly toward birds 10 ^ Screening Vegetation that effectively conceals visitors and provides cover for birds if disturbance occurs will help mitrgate impacts of people using trails adjacent to habitat (Hockm et al 1992, Rodgers & Smith 1997, Burger & Gochfeld 1998) Impacts from wildlife viewing and photography can be reduced by provrdmg observation blinds (Boyle & Samson 1985, Klein 1993) ^ Prohibit or restrrct activity: Seasonally restrrcting or prohibrtmg recreation activity may be necessary during spring and fall migratron to alleviate disturbance to migrant birds (Burger 1981,1986, Boyle & Samson 1985, Klein et al 1995, Hill et al 1997) ^ Restrict noise levels Screening may not effectrvely buffer noise impacts, thus vrsitors should be educated on the effects of noise and noise restrictions should be enforced (Burger 1981,1986, Klein 1993, Bowles 1995, Burger &Gochfeld 1998) ^ Education Education is critical for making visitors aware that therr actions can have negative impacts on birds, and wrll increase the likelihood that visitors will abide by restrictions on their actrons For example, Klein (1993) demonstrated that visitors who spoke wrth refuge staff or volunteers were less likely to disturb birds ^ Enforcement Increased surveillance and imposed fines may help reduce visitor caused disturbance (Knight & Gutzwiller 1995) ^ Monitoring Monitoring is recommended to adjust management techniques over trine, particularly because it is often difficult to generalize about the impacts of specific types of recreation m different environments Local and site -specific knowledge is necessary to determine effects on birds and to develop effective management strategies (Hockm et al 1992, Klein et al. 1995, Hill et al 1997) Closing Comments The exisring research clearly demonstrates that disturbance from recreation activities have at least temporary effects on the behavior and movement of birds within a habitat or localized area (Burger 1981, 1986, Klein 1993, Burger et al 1995, Klein et al 1995, Rodgers & Smith 1997, Burger &Gochfeld 1998) However, alteration of bird behavior may not necessarily be negative if they can acquire necessary amounts of food (Burger et al 1995, Madsen 1997) Disturbance that prevents access to feeding habitat may have negative effects on regional populations rf alternative habitats, equal to or better than the quality of the one from which they were displaced, are lacking nearby (Madsen 1995, Hill et al 1997, Burger &Gochfeld 1998) Wildlife refuges, for example, frequently contain impoundments where human access is prohibited, thus providing alternative disturbance-free feeding opportunitres (Boyle & Samson 1985, Hockm et al 1992, Burger &Gochfeld 1998) It is important to consider the relatrve significance of a given habitat on local and regional scales prior to introducing increased levels of disturbance The results of studies reviewed indicate wide variation m responses among species and to different disturbance factors (e g ,speed of movement) Many of these differences may be related to regional, local, or site-specific factors To begin understanding the potential effects of a pedestrian /bike path on birds using Cordons Pond at CHSP, the temporal and sparial patterns of bird activity at this site should be determined prior to estabhshmg a trail Furthermore, if the Division proceeds with plans to develop the path through this area, the effects of recreation and visitor behavior on birds should be monitored to determine if and how management strategies need to be adjusted 12 LITERATURE CITED NOTE Citatrons m bold pant were reviewed and cited m this document Other citations listed below were either not available m time for review, or were not directly relevant to this particular prolect but may be useful to the Division for similar prolect proposals m the future Bowles A. E. 1995. Response of wildlife to noise. Pages 109-156. in R.L. Knight and D.N. Cole, editors. Wildlife and recreationists: coexistence through management and research. Washington, D.C., Island Press. Boyle, S. A. and Samson, F. B. 1983. Nonconsumptive outdoor recreation: an annotated bibliography of human-wildlife interactioSpecial Scientific Report on Wildlifens U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service. Report No. 252. Boyle, S. A., and F. B. Samson. 1985. Effects of nonconsumptive recreation on wildlife: a review. Wildlife Society Bulletin 13:110-116. Bratton, S P 1990 Boat disturbance of Ciconuformes m Georgia estuaries Colonial Waterbird 13124-128 Buick, A M , and D C Paton 1989 Impact of off-road vehicles on the nesting success of Hooded Plovers (Charadrus rubrtcolhs) in the Coorong Region of south Australia Emu 89159-172 Burger, J. 1981. The effect of human activity on birds at a coastal bay. Biological Conservation 21:231-241. Burger, J. 1986. The effect of human activity on shorebirds in two coastal bays in northeastern United States. Biological Conservation 13:123-130. Burger, J 1988 Effects of demolition and beach clean-up operations on birds on a coastal mudflat in New Jersey Estuarine, coastal and shelf science 27 95 Burger, J 1991 Human activity influence and diurnal and nocturnal foraging of Sanderhngs (Cahdrts albn) Condor 93 259-265 Burger, J 1991 Foraging behavior and the effect of human disturbance on the Piping Plover (Charadrius melodus) Journal of Coastal Research 7 39-52 Burger, J 1994 The effect of human disturbance on foraging behavior and habitat use in Piping Plover (Charadrius melodus) Estuaries 17 695-701 13 Burger, J 1998 Effects of motor boats and personal watercraft on flight behavior over a colony of Common Terns Condor 100 528-534 Burger, J., and M. Gochfeld. 1981. Dicrimination of the threat of drrect versus tangential approach to the nest by incubating herring and great black-backed gulls. J. Comparative Physiological Psychology 95:676-684. Burger, J , and M Gochfeld 1991 Human distance and birds-tolerance and response distances of resident and migrant species m India Environmental Conservation 18158-165 Burger, J , and M Gochfeld 1993 Tourrsm and Short-Term Behavioural Responses of Nesting Masked, Red-footed, and Blue-footed Boobies ~n the Galapagos Environmental Conservatron 20 255-259 Burger, J., and M. Gochfeld. 1998. Effects of ecotourists on bird behaviour at Loxahatchee National Wildlife Refuge, Florida. Envrronmental Conservation 25:13-21. Burger, J., M. Gochfeld, and L. J. Niles. 1995. Ecotourism and birds in coastal New Jersey: Contrasting responses of birds, tourists, and managers. Environmental Conservation 22:56-65. Carlson, L H , and P J Godfrey 1989 Human impact management on a coastal recreatron and natural area Biological Conservation 49141-156 Clark, K E , L J Niles, and J Burger 1993 Abundance and distr~buhon of migrant shorebirds in Delaware Bay Condor 95 694-705 Cox, J H , Percival, H F ,and Colwell, S V 1994 Impact of Vehicular Traffic on Beach Habitat and Wildlife at Cape Blas, Flonda Flonda Cooperatrve Fish and Wildlife Research Umt, U S Biological Survey Technical report 50 Dahlgren, R B and Korschgen, C E 1992 Human disturbance of waterfowl an annotated bibliography U S Dept of the Interior FWS Resource Publication 188 DeMauro, M M 1993 Colonial nesring bird responses to visitor use at Lake Renwick Heron Rookery, Illinois Natural Areas Journa113 4-9 Erwin, R M 1996 Dependence of waterbrrds and shorebirds on shallow-water habitats m the mid-Atlantic coastal regron An ecological profile and management recommendations Estuaries 19 213-219 Fitzpatrick, S , and B Bouchez 1998 Effects of recreational disturbance on the foraging behaviour of waders on a rocky beach Brrd Study 45 157-171 14 Flather C. H., and H. K. Corde11.1995. Outdoor recreation: historical and anticipated trends. Pages 3-16 in R.L. Knight and D.N. Cole, edrtors. Wildlife and recreation: coexistence through management and research. Washinton, D.C., Island Press. Fox, A. D., and J.Madsen. 1997. Behavioural and distrrbutional effects of hunting disturbance on waterbirds in Europe• implications for refuge design. The Journal of Applied Ecology 34:1-13. Gander, H., and P. Ingold. 1997. Reaction of male alpine chamois Rupicapra r. ruprcapra to hikers, joggers and mountambrkers. Biological Conservation 79:107- 109. Gill, J. A., W. J. Sutherland, and A. R. Watkinson. A method to quantrfy the effects of human disturbance on animal populations. Journal of Applied Ecology 33:786-792. Gutzwiller, K J , K L Clements, and H A Marcum 1998 Vertical distributrons of breeding-season birds is human intrusion influenhah Wilson Bulletin 110 497-503 Hammitt, W. E. and D. N. Cole, eds. 1998. Wildland Recreation: Ecology and Management. J. Wiley, New York. 350pp. Hill, D., D. Hockin, D. Price, G. Tucker, R. Morris, and J. Treweek. 1997. Bird disturbance: improving the quality and utility of disturbance research. Journal of Applied Ecology 34:275-288. Hockin, D., M. Ounsted, M. Gorman, D. Hill, V. Keller, and M. A. Barker. 1992. Examination of the effects of disturbance on birds with reference to its importance in ecological assessments. Journal of Environmental Management 36:253-286. Holderman, J. C.1991. Development of a bike path in the ecologically sensitive Lake Tahoe Basin. University of Nevada Reno. Kirby, J S , C Clee, and V Seager 1993 Impact and extent of recreational disturbance to wader roosts on the Dee estuary some preliminary results Wader Study Group Bulletin 68 53-58 Klein, M. L. 1993. Waterbird behavioral responses to human disturbance. Wildlife Society Bulletin 21:31-39. Klein, M. L., S. R. Humphrey, and H. F. Percival. 1995. Effects of ecotourism on drstribution of waterbirds in a wildlrfe refuge. Conservation Biology 9:1454-1465. Knight R. L., and D. N. Cole. 1995a. Factors that influence wildlrfe responses to recreationists. Pages 71-79 in R.L. Knight and D N. Cole, editors. Wrldlife and 15 Recreationists: coexistence through management and research. Washington, D.C , Island Press. Knight R. L., and D. N. Cole. 1995. Wildlife responses to recreationists. Pages 51-69 rn R.L. Knight and D.N. Cole, editors. Wildlife and recreationists: coexistence through management and research. Washington, D.C., Island Press. Knight, R. L., and K. J. Gutzwiller eds. 1995. Wildlife and recreationalrsts: coexistence through management and research. Island Press, Washington, D.C. 372 pp. Knight, R. L. and S. A. Temple. 1995. Orrgin of wildlife responses to recreationists. In Wildlife and recreation: coexistence through management and research. R L. Knight and K. J. Gutzwiller, eds. Isaand Press, Washington, D. C., pp 81-91. Liddle, M. 1997. Recreation Ecology. Chapman and Hall, Melbourne, Australra, 639 PP• Madsen, J. 1995. Impacts of disturbance on migratory waterfowl. Ibis 137 Supplementa1:S67-S74 Melvin, S M , A Hecht, and C R Griffin 1994 Piping Plover mortahhes caused by off- road vehicles on Atlantrc coast beaches Wildlife Society Bulletin 22 409-414 National Park Service. 1987. Parkwide bicycle trarl study/traffic safety study/environmental assessment :Cape Cod National Seashore, Massachusetts draft study. U.S. Department of the Interior. National Park Service. 1989. Bicycle trail system study :phase 1 • corridor study alternatives and environmental assessment, Everglades Natronal Park, Florida. U.S. Department of the Interior. Perry, M C , and A S Deller Review of factors affecting the distribution and abundance of waterfowl in shallow-water habitats of Chesapeake Bay Estuaries 19 272-278 Pfister, C, B A Harrington, and M Lavine 1992 The impact of human disturbance on shorebirds at a migration staging area Biological Conservation 60115-126 Pomerantz, G. A , D. J. Decker, G. R. Goff, and K. G. Purdy. 1988. Assessing impact of recreation on wildlife: a classification scheme. Wildlife Society Bulletin 16:58-62. Reilnen, R , R Foppen, and G Veenbaas 1997 Disturbance by traffic of breeding birds Evaluation of the effect and considerations in plamm~g and managing road corridors Biodrverstty Conservation 6 567-581 16 Retalhck, R W R , and E E Bohtho 1993 Disturbance of Hooded Plovers by domestic dogs Stilt 23 Roberts, G , and P R Evans 1993 Responses of foraging Sanderlings to human approaches Behaviour 126 29-43 Rodgers, J. A., and H. T. Smith. 1995. Set-back distances to protect nesting bird colonies from human disturbance in Florrda. Conservation Biology 9:89-99. Rodgers, J. A., and H T. Smith. 1997. Buffer zone distances to protect foraging and loafing waterbirds from human disturbance in Florida. Wildlrfe Society Bulletin 25.139-145. Safina, C , and J Burger 1983 Effects of human disturbance on reproductive success in the Black Skimmer The Condor 85164-171 Vaske, J. J., A. R. Graefe, and F. R. Kuss.1983. Recreation impacts: A synthesis of ecological and socral research. Transactions of North Amerrcan Wildlife and Natural Resources 48.96-107. Watson, J 1992 Dune-breeding birds and off-road vehicles Naturalist (S Africa) 36 8- 12 Yalden, P E , and D W Yalden 1990 Recreational disturbance of breeding Golden Plovers (Pluvinhs npncnrnis) Biological Conservarion 51 243-262 York, D 1994 Recreational-boating disturbances of natural communities and wildlife An annotated bibliography U S National Biological Survey Biological Report Zande, A. N. v. d., W. J. t. Keurs, and W. J. v. d. Weyden. 1980. The impact of roads on the densities of four bird species in an open field habitat--evidence of a long distance effect. Biological Conservation 18:299-321. Zande, A. N. v. d., J. C. Berkhuizen, H. C. v. Latesteijn, W. J. t. Keurs, and A. J. Poppelaars.1984. Impact of ourdoor recreation on the densrty of a number of breeding bird specres in woods adjacent to urban residentral areas. Brological Conservation 30:1-39. 17 A SELECTIVE REVIEW OF THE ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF HUMAN TRAMPLING ON NATURAL ECGSYSTEMS M J LIDOLE Marks Wuod Erperunenml Station, Huntingdon PEl7 2LS, Creat 6utam ABSTRACT I t A statement rs grten of the mrportnnce of trampling as an ecological for tor, e+penn I t in relation to the merensmg use o/ the rountn sale Jor ur/ormal recreannn Some ern [p ~ ecolagrenl mresngnnon+ of the effect o/ trampling are desenbed, /ollomecl tit a ~( selecnre rerre+r of nmdern annlvrcal and esperunental nppraaches These cr,e srnthevsed rn the /orm o/ a /ogrud model that sepnrcrtes, nor( exnnanes the rehuron- ^! ships of, some o/ Nre bialogrcrd and phi sanl er cots rhnt occur as a result of n amplmq 4 scheme aJ sequenncrl manngemenl decrtrans rs proposer! uuhrdmq the npe a/ ~ ec ologrcal input appraprmte to each singe Resource plamvng rs thought to be tare firs) process ut i+'hrch the ecologist should be nu ohed, aml sue plnmm~g and site # creauan and mairngement ore the subsequent phases to mhrch ecologrsts ern cmr ~i inbute The conchrsion nttempts to foreract the tJ pe o/ eco/ogrznl resenrch that toll ~1 be required m the futuve and consolers the uems of Tml' (1974) Fmnll), the respon- ~ srbr/rtr a/ ecologrsts to conrnurnrcate mith those mho mnnage the countr+srcle rs `( entplrnsrsed INTRODUCTION Changes that have occurred m the social structure of our western European souety during flits century have emphasised the importance of an ecological factor that has been m existence for mdhons of years, namely trampling and disturbance by animals, especially [he human animal There has been a rapid Increase m leisure time available [o most people since 1900 when a holiday was the prerogative of [he wealthy, to 1969 when 36 mdlwn people m the UK had at least one holiday away from home (Patmore, 1970) In addrtron there was an influx of 5 8 mdhon vrsrtors from overseas (Bnhsh Travel Association, pets comm) The associated increase m 17 Bro/ Conseru (7) (1975)-© Applied Science Publishers Ltd, England, 1975 Pnnted m Great Bntam I8 M 7 LIDDLE mobility as a result of the rise m car ownership from 32,000 m 1907 (Patmore, 197~I to nearly 13 million m 1973 (Whrttaker, 1973) has brought people flooding into the countryside for informal recreation Those seeking a place m which to spend rime m a rural setting have avoided cultivated land, a fact which suggests that there is an instinctive cognizance of plant and animal diversity, and even of different types of habitat (cj Klukas & Duncan (1967) and Westhoff (1967) m relation to ecotones) In consequence trampling pressure has occurred on species-rich, semi natural areas of low fertility which are frequently of high conservation value There is, then, a conflict between conservation and amenity regmrements m ~usi those areas which are least able to regenerate after tramphng damage, and ovenne is now leading to a degradation of the very resources most sough[ after by the visitor to the countryside The need to understand the biological processes occur ring as a result of tramphng and to develop suitable management methods for the semi-natural areas therefore arises from the two requirements of amenity aril conservation Ecologists have long appreciated the need to investigate these processes and there exists a body of pertinent knowledge which, because rt has not until recently been considered of high priority, tends [o be widely scattered m the literature Tim research is now passing from the analytical to [he experimental phase, a lame number of different disciplines are involved and there is a growing methodology-- rt is m fact developing into a specialised branch of ecology m its own right The reviews by Tivy (1973) and Speight (1973) have drawn together many of [h~ references and this paper now considers [he approaches used in basic research and some of the published data are built into a hypothetical model which describe` the causal relationships between certain measurable events which occur as a result of tramphng BASIC RESEARCH Ecologists have mainly investigated the effects of trampling on vegetation and sods, only occasionally on the associated animals The early workers presented qualitative comments on the distribution of species m relation to subjective Judge- ments of wear Jeffreys (1917) considered the vegetatwn of footpaths on the Durham Coal Measures and comments on the disadvantage of tall stems for survival Shantz (1917) reported the successional sequence of plants recolomsing abandoned roads m Eastern Colorado he estimated that 50 years were required for [he vegetation to return to its original state It was Bates (1934, 1935), however, who began the systematic and experimental study of the effects of trampling Using quantitative methods of measuring vegetation and sods, Bates (1935) observed that treading had both direct mechanical effects on [he vegetation and Indirect effects through soil changes He also noted that plants employed different ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF HUMAN TRAMPLING 19 ,1, ,iegies for survival, involving enher a complete life cycle dunng a period of low d, ,~~ibance or vegetative persistence dunng periods of trampling stress He also ;,.;,~d out trampling experiments to find the relative vulnerability of various _f,,ies of plants, pioneering the combination of analytical and experimental afpmaches used today d,,,,h Heal approaches I here often involve surveys of worn tracks or paths and of adjacent taller s,~c ration The basic assumptions are [hat the whole area was homogeneous before i~, backs or paths were created, that the taller vegetation rs undisturbed by ,mphng and that there has not been any overall change m the environment suue t', route was mlroduced The differences between tracks or paths and the adjacent ,;ration are then attributed solely to the effects of trampling or vehicles Distn huh on of people n/m/vu 183 28 7b Calluna 7C~ /~ /~ vulgans ~ V ~ frequency 0 Agroshs Ea tennis /'~ /t frequency 0 ~ / \ rJ "\ Vegetation 2QI \ ~\ ^~ height cm loo Soil mmsture 50 conlenl y 0 Soil a!)L ~~ prof ile cm UI nip I ] 3 a 5 6 Fig 1 A transeot taken on Tresco showing trequency of plant species m relation to topography and other environmental factors (Redrawn from Goldsmnh er a(, 1970 '~ ~ 9 20 M 7 LIDDLE ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF HUMAN TRAMPLING 21 Estimates of [he relative amounts of trampling have been made by measuring some aspect of soil compaction such as bulk density (Chappell et a!, 1971, and many others), or penetration resistance (Llddle & Greig-Smith, m press a) or by observations of the present distribution of people (Burden, 1969, Goldsmith et a/, 1970) or horses (Pernng, 1967) The biotic difTerences are then associated with the wear factor in vanous ways Transects may be recorded across paths or tracks m which the percentage cover, frequency or biomass of [he vegetation is measured and the results compared graphically with the estimate of wear (Fig I and Burden, 1969, Goldsmith et a!, 1970, Streeter, 1971 , Llddle & Greig-Smith, m press 6) Alternatively a limited number of plots may be tabulated (Chappell et al , 1971) and direct compansonti made by regression techniques (Randerson, 1969, Goldsmith et a/, 1970) or b~ phy[osociological analysis (Llddle & Greig-Smith, m press b) Invertebrate sod and fitter animals have been recorded by Chappell et o/ (1971) and F Leney (pers comm ) There is usually a reduction m the total cover of the vegetation and m the number of species m the worn areas where only the most resistant, such as Pon pratensis, Yoa annua and Fesruca rubra, can survive But there are a number of species with a low habit or growth form that often occur m profusion m inter mediate areas These include Belbs peremus, Potenulla anserma, Tnfolium repens Thymus drucei, Plantago lanceolata, Carex flacca and many others which are moderately [ramphng-resistant but cannot normally compete well with species of taller habit (Llddle & Greig-Smith, m press b) I[ is probable that most of these speues survive by adopting vegetative strategies but, although Poa annua can behave m a perennial manner, rt is interesting to note that it tends to Bower when human trampling is at a relatively low level and this may contnbu[e to its ability to survive m many trampled areas The direct effects of trampling and disturbance on animals have occasionally been examined using the same comparative approach Earthworms were reduced m number m the track soils but then mean weight was 0 65 g compared with 0 26 g under adjacent vegetation (Chappell eta! , 1971) Most of the other animals found by these authors m soil cores from under the adjacent natural vegetation did not occur m the path soils, but appreciable numbers of Acan, Collembola and Hymenoptera did survive and there was actually an increase m Homoptera and adult Diptera The numbers of woodland snail shells were reduced on the path but there was an increase of grassland species, possibly due to the drier and warmer microchma[e (cj Llddle & Moore, m press) Very bgh[ [ramphng made a low moss and lichen habitat unsuitable for the spider Tnchoptenra crto (DufTey, 1974) Animal trampling, grazing and artificial cutting of the vegetation provide some useful information, but the mechanisms are not the same as those of human trampling and care is needed in using this type of data as a basis for general statements A grazed ecotype of S24 Lolium perenne that had evolved in ten years ,~ ,: 1 4 E n N Fig 2 The numbers oC species of spiders m grazed and ungrazed sand dune habuats ungrazed, ----, grazed (Redrawn from Duffey, 1967 ) after sowing tillered more readily and produced more dry matter m its second year than did the parent strain when both were grown together under conditions of intense grazing (Charles, 1972) Grazing of sand dune pastures reduces the number of species of spiders from over 100 to below 45 (Fig 2 and DufTey, 1967) Morns (1968) found a decrease m nearly all animals m grazed chalk grassland Amore precise measurement of the vegetation structure showed that the highest numbers of individuals and species of animals obtained by vacuum sampling came from areas where [he vegetation was between IS cm and 25 cm high (Morns, 1971) At a larger scale Barrow (1974) observed that Red deer were only disturbed to any extent by people who left recognised tracks, on which occasions the deer moved for distances of up to 0 8 km i; o _ ~ E t ~ E s °d O LL Y ~ ~+ O p p 22 M 1 LIDDLE Vegetation diversity may increase or decrease as a result of trampling, depending upon the condmon of the untrampled control areas and the actual intensity of wear The diversity index Nz, where (Ex)z Nz = Exz (Hill, 1973) and x equals a quantitative measure of each species, is a sortable comparative measure For the data of Chappell et o/ (1971) the untrampled vegetation had an Index of 4 O5, in lightly trampled areas Nz = 4 34 and in the most worn areas Nz = 2 79 The vegetation transect records of Liddle & Greig-Smnh (m press b) suggest that human trampling reduces this index m relation to a grazed situation Animals obtained by vacuum sampling tended to have the highest Brtllouin diversity Index when [he vegetation was between IS cm and 25 cm high (Morns, 197]) but the Nz index, calculated on the soil animals recorded by Chappell et a/ (1971), ranges from 1 8 m minimal wear areas [0 3 34 m the areas used by vehicles Expenmenta! approach The amount of basic experimental work on the effects of human trampling is very limited but the consequences of granng and sod compaction have been widely investigated m [he agricultural context Experimental sheep trampling has been found to reduce the production of a fertilised pasture more than that of an unfertilised one although [he total yield was still greater m the former, yield was also depressed more by trampling in wet conditions than when the soil was dry (Edmond, 1966) These findings suggest [hat productivity, soil moisture and, consequently, plant turgor are important factors m vulnerabtbty of [he vegetatton to trampling Human trampling at controlled intensities m the field has been carved out by Bayfield (1971), Liddle (1973), A M Coker (pers comm ), and F Levey (pers comm) Artificial damage by rollers was used by Cieslmski &Wagar (1970) to simulate trampling, and Shildrick (1971, 1974) and Youngner (1961), amongst others, have used various `wear' machines on sports turf A dropped weight was used by Wagar (1964) and by Kellomaki (1973) in the field and by Bayfield (1971) m a greenhouse experiment, artificial compression of `natural' turves taken into greenhouse conditions was carved out by Allcock (1974) However, the artificial wear methods are open to the criticism that the mechanisms are different from human trampling and only Kellomaki (1973) compared his machine with the real effect His data show that [he results appear [o be similar at high intensities but differ at low levels and between different types of vegetation Increases m cover or biomass of vegetation at low levels of real trampling were recorded by Kellomaki (1973) and Ltddle (1973), and by Bayfield (1971) m the dropped weight experiment An experiment m which the plan[ shoots were damaged by a light vehicle independently of soil compaction showed that shoot damage increased [he number ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF HUMAN TRAM11PLING 23 oC Idlers of Festaca rubra but reduced their fresh weight, while soil compression caused both [o increase There was a negative interaction when the two treatinents were applied to the same plants (Liddle & Greig-Smith, m press b) Synthesis of the two approaches The effects of trampling are presented m the form of a logwal model (Fig 3) in which [he relationships are considered [o be causal but no[ all of the same nature Vertical forces applied to the ground by a standing man can be over 200 g/cm- z (Ltddle, 1973) while [he dynamic forces may exceed 57,000 g/cm_ z and horizontal forces may be up to 32% of the body wetght (Harper et n/, 1961) Plants and animals, therefore, have to be able to withstand considerable stresses tf they are to wrvtve on paths Fig 3 A logical model of some of the ecological effects of trampling The relationships are considered to be causal but not all of the same nature Direct mechanical damage to plants is shown most clearly by the persistent reduction m height that occurs m trampled areas Even after recovery during summer the height was still reduced by IS% after 48 passages of a walker the previous winter, while 384 passages reduced height by 55% under the same conditions (Liddle, 1973) Reduction m animal populations has been demonstrated by measurements of standing crops from trampled and untrampled areas Earth- worm numbers from five 0 25 m-z quadrats were reduced from 129 to 27 in the trampled zone and other animals from 13 sod cores from the same areas con- tracted from 1675 [0 257 individuals where most wear occurred (Chappell et a/ , 24 M 1 IIDDLE ]971) The effect of trampling on plan[ populations has apparently not been recorded There was a 57 % reduction m the area of leaflets of Trefolmm repens growing on a wide track used 400 limes by a light vehicle m summer (Liddle, 1973) Festucn rubra, a plant that is relatively trampling resistant (Pernng, 1967,-Randerson, 1969), had a marked reduction of tiller and lea( length and dry weight when growing on a dry sand dune path, but the number of pliers per plant and leaves per tiller it hardly affected (Fig 4) O'Connor (1956) found that six passages of a tractor 15 Ie 2 6 C c Tiller t0 I LeaF I Tiller ~ 2 s number length number 0 cm 0 0 T v r v T v 20 ~ o Leaf d Shoot e 6 Tiller f I 10 dry 5 dry I length 3 wt0 wt 8 <m 0 0 0 T v T V T v Ftg 4 Some aspects of [he morphology of Festuca rubra from a sand dune area (a) number of tillers/plant, (b) length of live tillers, (c) number oC live leaves/tiller, (d) length of live leaves (e) dry weight g/shoo[, (f) dry weigh[ g/tiller, T plants collected from a dry [rack, V plants collected from adJacent vegetation 12 standard errors Data presented are the mean of measure merits on 20 plants Crom one 10 x 10 cm quadrat at each site reduced the average leaf length of Dactydts glomerata from 9 I em to 5 8 cm and the number of new tillers from 7 3 to 1 I per plant The same author also states that treatment caused the number of new plants of Lotus cormculatus to increase by 6% whilst [he average number of flower heads was reduced from 29 to I and no seed pods were produced by the trampled plants Mobilisation of assimilates from undamaged source tillers is known to be spmulated by defoliation of Pon pratensis (Nyahoza, 1971), and this may be a mechanism which aids [he survival of grasses under trampling pressure Soil compaction as a result of trampling has been recorded by many workers Bulk density on paths or tracks generally ranges between 0 2 g cm- a and 0 4 g cm-a ECOLOGICAL CFFCCTS OF HUMAN TRAMPLING 25 higher than under adjacent undisturbed vegetation (Lutz, 1945, Chappell et o!, 1971, Liddle, 1973) but m one case an increase of 068 g cm-a was recorded (Dotzenko et al , 1967) Bulk density initially has a linear positive correlation with the number of passages of walkers or cars but d is likely to reach a level beyond which further compresswn does not take place (Ltddle & Greig-Smdh, m press a) Sod penetrometers have also been used to estimate the extent of wear on sods I LaPage, 1962, Arndt & Rose, 1966, Liddle & Greig-Smith, m press o) Tanner & Mamanl (1959) consider that penetration resistance is a better measure than soil hulk density but while rt is quick to record and more replicates can be made, thus r~ducmg the variance m the data, it is also very susceptible to variations m sod water and root content I[ is therefore advisable to restrict comparisons of penetrability to different sites within one soil type Soil water content may increase as a result of compaction in dry areas (Lutz, 1945, Burden, 1969, Liddle, 1973) or decrease m wetter conditions (Chappell et a! , ;971) Smaller pore size, associated with high bulk densities, reduces the mass liow and diffusion of air, possibly leading to oxygen shortage (Grable & Siemer, 1968) Mass flow and diffuswn of nutrients dissolved m sod water may also be decreased (Kemper et a!, 1971) and the mineralisation of organic matter will be limited by oxygen shortage (Whisler et of , ]965) The mrerochpiate is more severe nn dry sand dune tracks than m the ad3acent vegetation (Liddle & Moore, m press) Removal of the vegetatwn was shown [o increase [he soil temperature range while compaction of the soil tends to ameliorate conditions [[ is evident [hat if plants are to survive on paths and [racks, [hey must be ible to cope with conditions that are very different from those found m ad)acent iegetation as well as being resistant to mechanical stress Germination and establishment of Festuca rubro was reduced by 43 % on a Compacted soil compared with a sod that had been tilled, and that of Poa pratensis was diminished by 76% (Liddle, 1973) But once a plant has become established compacted soil can be an advantage, Festuca rubra had a 37 % increase m tiller numbers when grown in a soil of 136 g cm-' compared with that grown in a soil of 1 08 g cm-' and survival was improved under drought condmons (Liddle, 1973) It is evident, however, that even very light trampling has a radical effect on the vegetation structure (Duffey, 1972) and this, m turn, can dramatically alter the .mimal community The effect of trampling on plant biomass is complex very light wear can stimulate ,rowth of some species of grasses (Bayfield, 1971, Liddle, 1973) and the biomass of the field layer can be increased by as much as one third as a result of one trampling' per week for eight weeks (Kellomaki, 1973) But when this is increased to an intermediate level there is a reduction m [he biomass of dominant grasses (Burden &Randerson, 1972) In mixed communities the percentage of dicotyledon- ous species increases at the expense of monocotyledonous species at moderate levels of pressure, and as the amount of trampling increases further there is a rise M 7 LIDDLE ~ ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF HUMAN 7RAMPLING 2] 26 too Percentage of resistant rug species • b._~, 0 0 10 20 30 Soil penefra lion resistance Fig 5 Occurrence of tramphng-revstant species as percentage weight of [he total biomass m relation to soil penetration resistance The data represent a gradient from undisturbed vegetation [o a heavily trampled area (Liddle, 1973 ) v x Sm C R Increasing Intensity of management (le framplingl Fig 6 Diagrams representing [he impact upon species density of m[ensrty of management C species of high competitive index, Sm species (or ecotypes) of high resistance to the stresses imposed by management, R remaining species (Game, 1973 ) m the percentage of resistant species (Fig 5), many of which are monocotyledonous Bare ground and soil erosion are the ultimate consequences of heavy use A general model which summarises [he effects of tramphng and environmental management on species of high compehtive index, species of high resistance and other species has been presented by Grime (1973) (Fig 6) APPLIED RESEARCH This section considers applied research m a theoretical sequence of management decisions from evaluation of regional resources through site planning to site creation and maintenance (Fig 7) Management stages Processes regmrmg ecolog¢al information or expertise County planningSurveys of ecalogital value Assessments of habdat vulnerab Assessments of lantlscape value Slle planning Estimates of carrying caDauty Walker 'mampulahon' techniques Cultural techniques to promtle natural cover if none present Sde creohon Selection of oppropnate mowing and fert ihsmg technques ontl maintenance Selection of local resistant species for areas of high intensty use Momtonng of wear and rotation of use and other Fig 7 The potential con[nbution of ecological information and expertise to various stages of [he planning of recreation areas Resource plannrng Large-scale surveys have been used to evaluate areas of countryside from an ecological point of view so that this quality could be considered at the county plannrng level A system m which the amount of agricultural land, plantation woodland and unsown vegetation was recorded in each half kilometre square was used by'117bbs & Blackwood (1971) to survey South Hampshire These areas were given sub3ective value ratings based on the extent of habitat diversity, value as wild life reservoirs and variety of habitat and presence of features of scientific importance, respectively This information was then summarised m the form of a map Anew approach m which habitat area, habitat scaraty, species number and vegetation structure are ob3ectrvely assessed and used to produce a numerical index of ecological value for each kilometre square was proposed by the Conserva- tion Course (]972) Ttte results of [his type of survey may be used, together with landscape assessments such as those published by Fines (1968) or Leopold (1971), 2S M J LIDDLE and other more conventional data, for the selection of areas suitable for recreation In practice there will be a range of uses from completely recreational, where `green concrete' may be the most practical ground cover, through vanous levels of multi-use for recreation and agriculture or nature conservation, to places where ecological value is very high and conservation is the only acceptable land use (cf Brotherton, 1973) A methodology has been proposed by which the vulnerability of different habitats can be compared (Liddle, 1973) In essence it consists of applying wear by walking on the habitat and discovering the number of passages it can withstand before the vegetation is reduced to 50% cover or biomass Controlled intensity walking is carved out on a previously unworn area of the habitat to be estimated and the vegetation cover is measured at intervals and plotted against the number of passages (Fig 8) The percentage cover of the live vegetation remammg at the 150 0 100 U 0 d ° 50 Walking passages Ftg 8 The effect of walking on the relative cover of sand dune pasture The equations descnbmg these curves are presented m Fig 9 -, summer treatment, ----, winter treatment The two vertical hoes indicate [he number of passages reducing the vegetation cover to 50 vanous mensurations (y) is then regressed on the log, of the number of passages (xl producing a curvilinear equation of the formula y=axZ+bx+c The constants a, b and c denved from this calculation may then be used to ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF HUMAN TRAMPLING 29 estimate the precise number of passages which reduced the vegetation to 50 rove[ (x at y = 50, indicated by the ve[tical fines on Fig 8) (x at y = 50) = 2a A method swtable for the evaluation of site durability wnhm one habitat type u proposed by Cieshnski & Wagar (1970) They carved out standard `trampling' treatments with a corrugated concrete roller and used multiple regressiontechmques ~o compare the effects of such factors as soil clay content, pH, tree cover, slope, tspect and altitude on the amount of remammg vegetation The last three factors ,xoved to be [he most important A similar range of factors was used by Ripley ;1962), but m [his case wear was expressed as an independent variable and _valuated as the volume of use per table at picnic sites open to the public I[ will ven[ually be possible to plan the distribution of people m relation to the ulnerabdrty of the vanous habitats on a quantitative basis and, prowdmg they an be induced to follow the plan, permanent damage to the environment may be tvmded itre planning Detailed vegetation maps which plot the local dis[nbution of plant communities, uch as those produced by Edgell (1971) and by Packham &Liddle (1970), can be Wised at this stage to assess [he amenity and ecological values and vulnerability of ,hfferent parts of the site Estimates of the physical carrying capacity and Jefinmons of the cntena to be used m the assessment of acceptable levels of wear will also be required at this stage Fig 9 Regression data by which the amount of relative cover remammg after a given number of passages ort sand dune pasture can be calculated Based on quadratic regression equations v =axZ + br + c, y =percentage relative cover, x =number of passages Da[a denved from field experiments described m Liddle (1973) 0 40 160 640 2560 Plus ar Wear by Seoson Equation minus walkers of wear recovery or vehicles a b c 30 M 1 LIDDLE The physical carrying capacity of moderately dry sand dune pasture has been determined by a number of different cntena (Liddle, 1973) These include percentage cover of the vegetation, relative species number, relative diversuy and relative cover of resistant species Having decided on the cntena to be used, a curvilinear equation is selected by means of three dichotomous choices (Fig 91 These equations are then used [o select the permissible number of passages If, for example, a season of recovery were allowed, the wear was going to be caused by people walking dunng the summer and a 100% recovery were regwred, then a maximum of 1280 passages would be permissible on a single file path 25 cm wide A more complex model involving peaks of holiday use and monrtonng adaptation by the vegetation would give more reliable results Regression techniques were also used m a model presented by Burden & Randerson (1972), m which the effects of intensity of trampling, sod compaction and animal grazing on drv weight of the vegetation of asand-covered shingle edge were estimated The position and design of paths m a recreatwn area should consider thz interaction between walkers and the nature of [he paths Methods of mom[onng the numbers of walkers have been developed by ecologists, one involves as electrical recorder and either photoelectric cells or microswrtches at selected points Width tin Fig 10 Relationship between width, wetness and roughness for the Strath Nethy path Compute) surface E (log, Y) = 1 623 + 0 428X + 0 504XZ (Bayfield, 1973 ) ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF HUMAN TRAMPLING 3I (Coker & Coker, 1972), and a simpler mechanical system involves transects of tramplometers' consisting of soft wire sensors which bend when struck by calkers-these have been placed across paths to measure the lateral distnbution of walkers (Bayfield, 1971) The latter technique was also used to study the factors i,iusing people [o spread away from paths while walking (Bayfield, 1973) and a relationship was found between wetness, roughness and path width (Fig 10) hayfield also found that paths increased m width as [hey became steeper and changed form a[ curves as short cuts came into use The data on roughness showed Ihat rf the contrast between paths and adjacent areas was sufficient, walkers could ~~ obably be confined to the paths People tend to follow and 'settle' at vegetation 1•oundanes, and these are often saes of greatest drversny and the location of ,,tractive rare species (Westhoff, 1967, van der Maarel, 1971) It rs therefore important for amenity and conservation that this ecological feature be considered u nen positioning paths `,ate creation and mm~agement Site creation is perhaps the area of achievement that has most depended on c.ological research Without [he experimental work on substrates, seed mixtures yid fertilizers, schemes such as [he reclamation of the Lower Swansea Valley could cot have been successful (Weston et a/, 1965) Work on derelict sites is now c~[ensive examples include [he re-vegetation of china clay waste heaps m Cornwall, c f slate heaps m Caernarvonshire, coal tips m [he Midlands and the north of I tgland, and of fly ash waste from power stations Such research is, however, a weciahsed topic which cannot be considered further m this paper The management of recreation areas involves both the maintenance and the rgeneration of vegetation Ecologists have investigated a number of approaches tc the maintenance of short turves Treatment of roadside vegetatwn with malefic hvdrazide (growth retardant) and 2,4-D (selective weedkiller) every year eventually produced a short turf dominated by Poa pratensts and with 14 of the original ?7 species remaining Bu[ using growth retardant alone, the vegetation height was cull half that of the controls, and there were 29 species present (Wlihs, 1969) 1 immg mowing to take place m April, May and June kept verges of the M I motor- ~ ay below 30 cm m height throughout the year (Way, 1969) The effects of different n-pes of machine and of chemicals were also investigated The question of whether to remove cuttings is discussed by Wells (1969) and by Green (1972) Sheep grazing is also a potential method by which species-rich short turf can be maintained, the stocking rate is critical, however, as one sheep/0 405 ha (I acre) allowed tall grasses (Brachypodium syluahcum and Arrhenotherum elotius) to dominate, but three/0 405 ha produced a low sward (Wells, 1969) The use of glow-growing species of grass is now being investigated by the commercial seed producers (Wright, undated ca 1970) and these are likely [o be widely used in the future where competition from more vigorous species can be avoided or suppressed 2 8you. 34 M 1 LIDDLE BARROW, G (1974) The d+sturbance of hdl red-deer by walkers and climbers Interim report on thL ecological effects of public recreation m the Gairloch Conservation Umt Brathay Exploration Group BATES, G H (1934) The relation oC leaf size to root structure m Tnfo/unn repens J Eco/, 22, 271-8 BATES, C H (1935) The vegetation o(Cootpaths, sidewalks, car[ [racks and gateways J Lcol 23,470-87 BAYFIELD, N G (1971) Some effects of walking and skung on vegetation al Cawngorm In Thr snemrfir mar+ugenuvrt of nrnmal and plant rommumues far cmiseruonon, ed by E Duffey & A S Wati, 469-85 Oxford, Blackwell BAYFIEiD N G (1973) Use and deienoraiion of some Scottish hill paths J appl Lcol, I0, 639-48 BAYFIELD, N G (1974) Burial oC vegetation by erosion material near chauldls on Cairngorm Brol Cons<•r r , 6, 246-51 BELL, K L & Buss, L C (1973) Alpine disturbance studies Olympic National Park, U S A B+ol Conseru 5, 25-32 BROI HtrtroN D 1 (1973) The concept of carrying capacity of countryside recreation areas Reneanon Newr Suppl 19, 6-11 BURDEN, R F (1969) The effrrrs of people on the nuurre rrad at Ranmore MSc theses, Umvervh College, London BURDEN, R F & RANDERSON, P F (1972) Quantitative studies of the effects of human tramphn6 on vegetation as an aid to the management of semi-natural areas ! appl Ecol 9, 439-58 CHAYPELL, H G , AINSWORTH, J F , CAMERON, R A D & REDFERN, M (1971) The effects of trampling on a chalk grassland ecosystem J app/ Eco/ 8, 869-82 CHARLCS, A H (1972) Rye grass populations from intensively managed leys, III Reaction hi management, nitrogen application and Poa trrzaahs L m field trials J agree Scr Camb , 7), 205-I$ GItSLIN$KI, T A & WAGAR, 1 A (1970) Predicting [he durability of forest recreation Mtes w northern Utah Preliminary results USDA For Sero Rrs Nole, INT 117 1970 COKER, P D & GOKER, A M (1972) A multi-day digital event recorder some posvble apphca lions J appl Eco/, 9, 767-70 CONSERVATION CouasE (1972) The assessment of ecologma[ value Anew approach and a fiehi euu/unnon London, University College DDTZFNKD, A D , PAPAMiCHAS, N T Bc ROMINB, D S (1967) EffeC[ Of recreatlOndl Hse On SOLI and moisture conditions m Rocky Mountain National Park J Sod War Conseru 22, 196-7 DUFFEV, E (1967) An assessment oC dune mvertebra[e faunas m habuats vulnerable to pubh~ disturbance In The bmr+c effects of pubbc pressures on the enurronmen4 ed by E Dulles 112=9 Abbots Ripton, Nature Conservancy DUFFEY, E (1972) Effects of trampling on [he fauna of grassland fitter In Monks Woorl Exper mental Slanon Report for 1969-71, 64-5 Abbots Ripton, Nature Conservancy DUFFEY, E (1974) Nature reserves and wdd bfe London, Heinemann DOFFEY, E , MORRIS, M G , SHEAIL, J , WARD, L K , WELLS, D A , S[ WELLS, T G E (1974) Grasslm+d eco/ogy and wJdhje management London, Chapman and Hall EDGELL, M C R (1971) A preliminary study of some environmental variables m an uplanJ ecosystem fader Idns, Merionethshire J Ecol , 59, 189-201 EDMOND, D B (1966) The influence oC animal treading on pasture growth /tie Grass(d Cong+ , 10, 453-8 FINES, K D (1966) Landscape evaluation a research protect m East Sussex Reg Srud 2, 41-55 GOLDSMITH, F B , MUNTON, R 1 C & WARREN, A (1970) The impact oC recreation on the ecology and amenity of seminatural areas, methods of investigation used m the Isles u( Sally Bml J Linn Soc , 2, 287-306 GARBLE, A R & SieMER, E G (1968) ERects of bulk densuy, aggregate srze, and soil water suction on oxygen diffusion, redox potentials, and elongation of corn roots Proc Sod Sn Sac Am 32, 180.6 GREEN, B H (1972) The relevance of sera) eutrophicahon and plant competition to the manage men[ oC successional communities B+ol Conseru , 4, 378-84 GRIME, J P (1973) Control of spenes density m herbaceous vegetation J enwron Mgml, I, 151-67 GRIME, J P & LLOYD, P S (1973) An ecological atlas of grassland plants London, Arnold HARPER, F C, WARLOW, W J FC CLARKE, B L (1961) The forces applied to the floor by the foot m walking 1 Walking on a level surface Res Pap nom Bldg Stud , 32 ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF HUMAN TRAMPLING 35 fIEWETT, D G (1970) The colonisation oC sand dunes alter stabdisation with marram grass (Amrnophda arenarra) J Ecol , 58, 653-68 I Hu L, M O (1973) Diversity and evenness a unifying notation and Its cotnequcnces Ero(ogi, 54, 427-32 IEFFREVS H (1917) On the vegetation of four Durham Coal Measure (ells Ill and IV J Eco/, 5,129-54 KELLOMAKI, S (1973) Tallaamisen vaikutns mushkkatyypm kuusikon pmtakasvdhsuuteen ttt~ Sdua Fenrc , 7, 96-I 13 KEMPER, W D , $TEWART, B A & POAI ER, L K (1971) Effeels Of COD1paC40^ On 5011 ^nll Ie0[ status In Compaction of agnadmral sods, 178-89 M¢higan, American Soaety oC Agri- cultural Engineers KLUKAS, R W & DONCAN, D P (1967) Vegetational preferences among Itasca Park visitors J For , 65, 18-21 ' LAPAGE, W F (1962) Recreation and the forest sae J For, 60, 319-21 i LCOPOLD, L B (I97I) Landscape aesthetics In Ermoumenng d+e enwrortmenl, ed by A Meyer, 1- 29-45 London, Van Nostrand q LIDDLE, M J (1973) The effeces of Iramphng and r.ehrcles an natural oegeemmn PhD thesis, • University College of North Wales Bangor I LIDDLE, M J & GREIG-SMITH, P (m press a) A survey of tracks and paths m a sand dune Lco- system, 1 Soils J appl Eco/ LIDDLE, M J &. GREIG-SMITH, P (in press b) A survey of tracks and paths in a sand dune } ecosystems, 11 Vegetation J appl Ecol LIDDLE, M 1 & MODRE, K G (in press) The msrochmate of sand dune tracks the relalne i contribution oC vegetation removal and sod compression J uppl Eco! t Lurz, H J (1945) Sod condmons of picnic grounds m public forest parks J For 43, 121 -7 i MoncAN, R (1974) Nature provides man erodes Sod eroson m the U K Ceagil Mag, Land, yl 156, 528-35 sAoxRls, M G (1968) Differences between the mvertebrale faunas oC grazed and ungrazed 3 chalk grassland II The faunas of sample LLHVes J appl Eco1 5, 601-12 'doRRis, M G (1971) The management of grassland for the conservation of invertebrate animals 1 In The sc+entific management of artrmal and plant comnumrhes far canseruanmq ed by E t Duffey & A S Watt, 527-52 Oxford, Blackwell NVAHOZA, F (I97I) Vegemnoe reproductiorc rn grasses nrrh spec+ol reference to Poa pratensis L PhD thesis, University College of North Wales, Bangor 1 O GONNOR, K F (1956) Influences of Ireadmg mr grasslands PhD thesis, Cornell Unrvemty PACKHAM, J R Br LIDDLE, M J (1970) The Cefm salt marsh, Anglesey, and ns recent develop- t men[ Fld Stud , 3, 331-56 PATMORE, J A (1970) Land and lersme Newton Abbot, David and Charles :; PERKING, F H (1967) Changes m chalk grassland caused by galloping In The biotic effecrs of ,< public pressures orr the enurorunertr, ed by E Duffey, 134-42 Abbots Riptoq Nature Conservancy RANDERSON, P F (1969) A quanntaure rmesnganmr of the effecls of pubbc pressure MSc (Conservation) theses, University College London r?~ ItiPLEV, T H (1962) Recreation impact on southern Appalachian campgrounds and picnic snes «,- SEast Forest Exp Stn, Paper 153 i tiNANTZ, H L (1917) Plan[ succession on abandoned roads m Eastern Colorado I Ecol , 5, F=„ 19-34 tiHILDRICK, J P (I97I) Grass variety Vials 1971 !Spores Turf Res lase , 47, 8(x112 ~~ imLDRicK, J P (1974) Trials of perennial ryegrass and timothy cultivars 1972-3 J Sports Turf ,i_~: Res /nsl , 49, 66-102 1PEIGHr, M C D (1973) Outdoor recreation and ns ecological effects Unmernry College Larrlon i4 Ducussmn Paper m Conserranan, No 4 UREETER, D T (1971) The effects of pubbc pressure on the vegetation of chalk download at ~ r Box HJI, Surrey In The screrrbfir management ofammal and plmrr commumues for cmaena- ' t von, ed by E Duffey and A S Watt, 459-68 Oxford, Blackwell ;,+, IANNER, C B & MAMARIL, C P (1959) Pasture compaction by animal traffic Agr on J, 51, ad 329-3I `} o- Tivv, J (1973) The concept and determination oC carrying capacity oC recreational land m the ""i USA Countryside Commrssron far Scodand Occasronal Paper, No 3 ~~S fivv, J (1974) The relevance of reaction-impact research Cor resource management In Resmuce R , management sl'mpos+um /nsheuee o(' Bnnsh Geographers, Anmlal Conference, Nonomlr 36 M J LIDDLE TUBES, C R &. BLACKWOOD, J W (1971) Ecological evaluation of land for planning purposes Brol Con sera , 3, 169-72 VAN DER MAAREL, E (1971) Plant species denvty m relation to management In The screruifir mm~agement of ammo! and plant commwunes for conserr,abon, ed by E Duffey & A S Watt, 46-64 Oxford, Blackwell WAGAA, 1 A (1964) The carrying capacity oC witd lands Cor recreation Forest Sa Monogr , 7, 1-2a - WAY, ] M (1969) Road verges-research on management for amenity and wildh(e In Rond verges, they futtcnon and management, ed by 1 M Way, 61-71 Abbots Ripton, Nature Conservancy WELLS, T C E (1969) The management of sues of ecological value In Old grassland m archaeologmal and ecologrca( rmportmrce, ed by 1 Shead and T C E Wells, 68-72 Abbots Ripton, Nature Conservancy WFSfHOFF, V (1967) The ecologrca) impact of pedestrian, equestrian and vehicular traffic on vegetation P-u Un nit Conseru Nat, ]0, 218-23 WESfON, R L , GADGIL, P D , SALTER, B A & GOODMAN, G T (1965) Problems of revegetauon m the Lower Swansea Valley, an area o(eztensrve industrial dereliction In Ecology and rhi rndustrral socreiy, ed by G T Goodman, R W Edwards & 1 M Lambert, 297-326 Oxford Blackwell WHISLER, F D, ENCLE, C F RC BAUGHMAN, N M (1965) The eAect of sod compaction m nitrogen [rans(ormanons m [he sort Bull W Va Umn agric Exp Srn 516T WHITTAKER, J (1973) Whutaker's Almaaack London, J Whittaker & Sons Ltd Wn.us, A J (1969) Road verges-experiments on the chemical control of grass and weeds In Road verges their function and monagemeni, ed by J M Way, 52-60 Abbots Ripton Natnre Conservancy WRtGHT,T W J (undated ca 1970) Aspecisoflandscape ecology and maintenance Wye, Ashford, Kent Wye College (University of London) YOUNGNCR, V B (1961) Accelerated wear tests on turf grasses Agrar / , 53, 217-8 VEGETATIONAL CHANGES IN THE GALAPAGOS ISLANDS DURING THE PERIOD 1966-73* OLE HAMANN Insnrure of Systematic Barmry, Unit ersay of Copeulmgen, 140 Gorher sgade, 1123 Copenhagen Denmark /n 1971-72 UNESCO associate expert m plum ecologJ~ The Charles Danour Research Stuaan, Isla Santa Cruz, Galapagos, Ecuador ABSTRACT Analysts of 12 permanent sample plots established in The Ga(ripagos shorted dint introduced mammals have had a destrucnoe influence on the uegerauon, closed lorest and scrub have been changed into open oegetahon The plots provide tnjormahnn on the regeneration ability of uanous types of oegetatron Scalesia forest, dominated by the endemic Scalesia pedunculata Hook f, might under certain circumstances regenerate rapidly Micoma scrub, donunated by the endemmc Mlcoma robmsomana Cagn , regenerates slowly and rs consequently more ouhrerable to the actmmes aJ nran and introduced mammals And zone uege(ution, characterised especially by endenve species oJOpuntia, is able to regenerate, but rt rs sit/! mo curly to estimate how the regeneration will proceed The suggested cmisen~atron measures include a conhnuanon of the programme for eluninauon or caurol of uuroduced mammals, and a stronger control with the A'auonal Park areas on inhabiter( islands Fmm~cin/ support is needed jot the Galbpagos Nahona! Park Seance and the Charles Dannm Research Station to continue and enlarge the acuwnes necessary to preserve the unique wddhje of the Galapagos Islands INTRODUCTION t Programmes for conservation of the natural resources of the Galapagos Islands have been m operation since 1961, and have mainly been concentrated on [he preservation of the indigenous fauna and on the control of introduced mammals "Charles Darwin Foundation Contribution No 170 The author s work m 1971-72 as UNESCO r held stag member was supported by the World Witdbfe Fund (Pro/cct No 744) 37 Bin/ Conseru (7) (1975)-© Applied Science Publishers Ltd, England, 1975 Printed m Great Bntam REVIEWS REVIEWS REVIEWS Ecological light pollution Trays Longcore and Catherine Rtch Ecologists have long studied the critical role of natural fight m regulating spectes mteracrions, but, with limited exceptions, have not investigated the consequences of artificial night hghhng In the past century, the extent and intensity of arttfictal night hghhng has increased such that It has substantial effects on the biology and ecology of spectes m the wild We distinguish "astronomtcal fight pollution°, which obscures the view of the night sky,'from "ecologtcal light pollution", which alters natural fight regimes m terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems Some of the catastrophic consequences of Itght for certain taxonomic groups are well known, such as the deaths of migratory buds around tall lighted structures, and those of hatchhng sea turtles disoriented by fights on their natal beaches The more subtle influences of arttfictal night hghhng on the behavtor and community ecology of spectes are less well recognized, and constitute a new focus for research to ecology and a pressing conservation challenge Front Eco1 Envtron 2004, 2(4): 191-198 A diurnal creatures, humans have long sought methods to illuminate the night In pre-industrial limes, arttfictal fight was generated by bummg various materials, including wood, oil, and even deed fish While these methods of lighting certainly influenced animal behavtor and ecology locally, such effects were hmtted The relatively recent invention and rapid prolif- eration of electric lights, however, have transformed the nighttime environment over substantial portions of the Earth's surface Ecologists have not entirely ignored the potential dis- ruption of ecologtcal systems by artificial night lighting Several authors have written reviews of the potential effects on ecosystems or taxonomic groups, published m the "gray" literature (Health Council of the Netherlands 2000, Hill 1990), conference proceedings (Outen 2002, Schmiedel 2001), and Ioumal articles (Frank 1988, Verheqen 1985, Salmon 2003) Thts review attempts to integrate the literature on the topic, and draws on a con- ference organaed by the authors m 2002 titled Ecological Consequences of Artificial Night Lighting We identify the roles that artdcial night lighting plays m changing eco- In a nutshell: • Ecological fight pollution includes chronic or periodically increased dlummanon, unexpected changes m dlummanon, and daec[ glare • Animals can experience increased onentanon or disonenta- uon from add¢ional dlummanon and are attracted [o or repulsed by glare, which affeca foraging, reproduction, commu- mcauon, and other critical behaviors • Arrifiual fight disrupts mterspeafic mteracrions evolved m natural patterns of fight and dark, with serious imphcanoru for wmmumty ecology The Urban Wddlands Group, PO Box 24020, Los Angeles, CA 90024.0020 (IongcoreQurbantvddlnnds ar~ logical interactions across taxa, as opposed to reviewing these effects by taxonomic group We first discuss the scale and extent of ecologtcal light pollution and its relation- ship to astronomtcal fight pollution, as well as the mea- surement of fight for ecologtcal research We then address the recorded and potential influences of arttfictal night fighting within the nested hierarchy of behavioral and population ecology, community ecology, and ecosystem ecology Whde this hierarchy is somewhat artdcial and certainly mutable, it illustrates the breadth of potential consequences of ecologtcal light pollution The Important effects of fight on the physiology of organisms (see Health Council of the Netherlands 2000) are not discussed here ^ Astronomical and ecological light pollution scale and extent The term "light pollution" has been m use for a number of years, but m most arcumstances refers to the degrada- tion of human views of the night sky We want to clarify that this Is "astronomical fight pollution", where stars and other celestial bodies are washed out by fight that Is either directed or reflected upward Thts is a broad-scale phenomenon, with hundreds of thousands of Ilght sources cumulatively contributing to increased nighttime dlumi- nanon of the sky, [he light reflected back from the sky is called "sky glow" (Figure 1) We describe artifual fight that alters the natural patterns of light and dark m ecosys- tems as "ecological fight pollution" Verheqen (1985) proposed the term "photopolluuon" to mean "artificial fight having adverse effects on wildlife" Because pho- [opolluaon literally means "light pollution" and because fight pollution is so widely understood today to describe the degradation of the view of the night sky and the human experience of the night, we believe that a more descriptive term is now necessary Ecological light pollu- tion includes direct glare, chronically increased dlumma- © The Ecological Souery of America www fronnersmecology org Ecological fight pollution T Longcore and C Rich eralization Species m temperate zones will also be susceptible to dismpnons if they depend on seasonal day length cues to trigger critical behaviors ^ Measurements and units non, and temporary, unexpected fluctuations m hgh[- mg Sources of ecological light pollution include sky glow, lighted buildings and towers, streetlights, fishing boats, security fights, fights on vehicles, flares on off- shore oil platforms, and even fights on undersea research vessels, all of which can disrupt ecosystems [o varying degrees The phenomenon therefore involves potential effects across a range of spatial and temporal scales The extent of ecological light pollution is global (Elvidge et al 1997, Figure 2) The first atlas of artificial night sky btightness illustrates that astronomical light pollution extends [o every inhabited continent (Cmzano et al 2001) Cmzano et al (2001) calculate that only 40% of Americans five where it becomes sufficiently dark at night for the human eye to make a complete transition from cone to rod vision and that 18 7% of the terrestrial surface of the Earth is exposed to night sky brightness that is polluted by astronomical standards Ecosystems may be affected by these levels of illumina- tion and lights that do not contribute to sky glow may sell have ecological consequences, ensuring that ecolog- ical light pollution afflicts an even greater proportion of the Earth Lighted fishing fleets, offshore oil platforms, and cruise ships bring [he disruption of arnftcial night fighting to the world's oceans The tropics may be especially sensitive to alterations m natural diel (te over a 24-hour period) patterns of light and dark because of the year-round constaricy of daily cycles (Ghwicz 1999) A shortened or brighter night is more likely to affect tropical species adapted to diet pat- terns with mmimalseasonal variation than ex[ratropical species adapted to substantial seasonal variation Of course, temperate and polar zone species active only dur- ing a portion of the year would be excluded from this gen- Measurement of ecological fight pollution often involves determination of illumination at a given place Illumination is the amount of fight incident per unit area -not the only measurement relevant to ecological fight pol- lution, but the most common Light vanes m intensity (the number of photons per unit area) and spectral content (expressed by wavelength) Ideally, ecologists should mea- sure illumination m photons per square meter per second with associated measurements of the wavelengths of light present More often, tllummanon is measured m lux (or foo[can- dles, the non-SI unit), which expresses the brightness of light as perceived by the human eye The lux measurement places more emphasis on wavelengths of light that the human eye detects best and less on those that humans perceroe poorly Because other organisms perceroe fight differently -including wave- lengths not visible to humans -future research on ecolog- ical light pollution should identify these responses and measure fight accordingly For example, Gal et al (1999) calculated the response curve of myad shrimp to fight and reported illummauon m lux adjusted for the spectral sensinvuy of the species Ecologists are faced with a practtcal difficulty when communicating mformatmn about fight conditions Lux is the standard used by Heady all fighting designers, hght- mg engineers, and envuonmenml regulators, communi- cation with [hem requires reporting m this unit Yet the use of lux ignores biologically relevant information High- pressure sodmm lights, fot instance, will attract moths because of the presence of ukravtolet wavelengths, while low-pressure sodmm fights of the same intensity, but not producing ultraviolet light, will not (Rydell 1992) Nevertheless, we use lux here, both because of the need to communicate wah applied professionals, and because of its current and past widespread usage As this research field develops, however, measurements of radiation and spectrum relevant to the organisms m question should be used, even though lux will probably continue to be the preferred unit for communication with professionals m other disciplines Ecologists also measure aspects of the fight envaon- ment other than absolute illumination levels A sudden change m dlummatton is disruptive for some speces (Buchanan 1993), so percent change m illumination, rate, or similar measures may be relevant Ecologists may also measure luminance (ie btightness) of fight sources that are visible to organisms www frontiersmecologyorg ©The Ecolog¢al Soc~ery of America Figure 1. Diagram of ecological and astronomical fight pollution T Longcore and C Rich Ecological fight pollution ^ Behavioral and population ecology Ecological hgh[ pollution has demonstrable effects on the behavioral and population ecology of organisms m natural settings As a whole, these effects derive from changes m ori- entation, disorientation, or mtsonentanon, and attraction or repulsion from the altered fight environment, which m tum may affect foraging, reproduction, migration, and communi- cation Orientation/disorientation and attraction/repu/stop Orientation and disorientation are responses to ambient dlummanon (ie the amount of fight incident on objects m an environment) In contrast, attraction and repulsion occur m response to the light sources themselves and are therefore responses to luminance or the bnghmess of the source of light (Health Council of the Netherlands 2000) Increased dlummanon may ex[end dmmal or crepuscular behaviors into the nighttime environment by improving an animal's ability to orient itself Many usually dmmal birds (Hill 1990) and reptiles (Schwartz and Henderson 1991), for example, forage under artificial lights This has been termed the "night light niche" for reptiles and seems benefi- cial for those species that can exploit it, but not for their prey (Schwartz and Henderson 1991) In addition to foraging, onentanon under artificial illumi- nation may induce other behaviors, such as territorial singing m birds (Bergen and Abs 1997) For the northern mockingbird (Mimus polyglottos), males sing at night before mating, but once mated only sing at night m artificially lighted areas (Demckson 1988) or during the full moon The effect of these fight-induced behaviors on fitness is unknown Constant artificial night fighting may also disorient organisms accustomed to navigating m a dark environment The best-known example of this is the disorientation of hatchhng sea rurtles emerging from nests on sandy beaches Under normal circumstances, hatchlings move away from low, dark silhouettes (historically, those of dune vegeta- tion), allowtng them to crawl quickly to [he ocean Wtth beachfront fighting, the silhouettes that would have cued movement are no longer perceived, resulting m disonenta- non (Salmon et al 1995) Lighting also affects the egg-lay- mg behavior of female sea turtles (For reviews of effects on sea turtles, see Salmon 2003 and Wttherington 1997) Changes m light level may disrup[ onentanon m noctur- nal animals The range of anatomical adaptations to allow night vision is broad (Park 1940), and rapid increases m fight can blind animals For frogs, a quick increase m tllumi- nanon causes a reduction m visual capability from which the recovery time may be minutes [o hours (Buchanan 1993) After becoming adjusted to a light, frogs may be attracted to is as well (Jaeger and Hallman 1973, Figure 3) Birds can be disoriented and entrapped by lights at nigh[ (Ogden 1996) Once a bird is within a lighted zone at night, it may become "trapped" and will not leave the lighted area Large numbers of nocturnally migrating birds are therefore affec[ed when meteorological conditions bang them close to fights, for instance, during inclement weather or la[e at night when they tend to fly lower © The Ecoiogmal Souery of America www frontiersmecologyorg Figure 2. Dumbunon of artificial hghu visible from space Produced using cloud-free portions of low-light imaging data acquired by the US Air Force Defense Meteorological Satellite Program Operational Lmescan System Four types of fights are identified (1) human settlements -tines, towns, and villages (white), (2) fires -defined as ephemeral lights on land (red), (3) gas flares (green), and (4) heavily ht fishing boars (bluz) See Elvidge et al (2001) for details Image, data processing, and desrnpnve text by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Admimstranon's National Geophysical Data Cen[er Ecological tight pollution T Longcore and C Rich Nonflymg arthropods vary m [heir reaction to-fights Some nocturnal spiders are negatively phototactic (ie repelled by fight), whereas others will exploit fight if avail- able (Nakamura and Yamashua 1997) Some insects are always positively photomctic as an adaptive behavior and others always photonegative (Summers 1997) In arthro- pods, these responses may also be influenced by the frequent cortelanons between fight, humidity, and temperature Natural resource managers can explott the responses of animals [o fights Lights are sometimes used to attract fish to ladders, allowing them to bypass dams and power plants (Haymes et al 1984) Similarly, hgh[s can attract larval fish to coral reefs (Munday et al 1998) In the terrestrial realm, dispersing mountain bons avoid lighted areas to such a degree that Beier (1995) suggests installing lights to deter them from entering habitats dead-ending to areas where humans five Reproduction Figure 3. Attraction of frogs to a candle set out on a small raf[ Illusnanon by Charles Copeland of an experiment m northern Marne or Canada described by William J Long (1901) Twelve or fifteen bullfrogs (Rana catesbeiana) climbed on ro the small raft before tt flipped over Wahm the sphere of hgh[s, birds may collide with each other or a structure, become exhaus[ed, or be taken by predators Birds that are waylaid by buildings m urban areas at night often die m collisions with windows as they try to escape during the day Artifiaal lighting has attracted birds to smokestacks, lighthouses (Squires and Hanson 1918), broadcast towers (Ogden 1996), boats (Dick and Donaldson 1978), greenhouses, oil platforms (Wiese et al 2001), and other stivctures at night, resulting m direct mortality, and thus mrer- fenngwith migration routes Many groups of insects, of which moths are one well-known example (Frank 1988), are attracted to lights Other taxa showing the same attraction include laeewmgs, beetles, bugs, caddisflies, crane flies, midges, hoverflies, wasps, and bush crickets (Eisenbeis and Hassel 2000, Kolhgs 2000, Figure 4) Attraction depends on the spec- trum of fight -insect collectors use ultraviolet fight because of its attractive quahnes -and the char- actenstics of other fights m the vicmuy Reproductive behaviors may be altered by aaifiual night lighting Female Physalaemus ptutulosus frogs, for exam- ple, are less selective about mate choice when light levels are increased, presumably preferring to mate quickly and avoid the increased predation risk of mating activity (Rand et a! 1997) Night fighting may also inhibit amphibian movement to and from breeding areas by stim- ulating phototactic behavior Bryant Buchanan (pets Comm) reports that frogs m an experimental enclosure stopped mating activity during night football games, when fights from a nearby stadmm increased sky glow Mating choruses resumed only when the enclosure was covered to shield the frogs from the light In buds, some evidence suggests that artificial night hghtmg affects the choice of nest site De Molenaar et a! www fronnersrnecology org ©The Ecological Soue[y of America Frgure 4. Thousands of mayflies carpet the ground around a secunry fight at Mdlecogmns Point m Naubmway on the Upper Peninsula of Michigan T Longcore and C Rich Ecological fight pollution (2000) investigated the effects of roadway hghnng on black-tailed godwits (Ltmosa I hmosa) m wet grassland habitats Breeding densities of godwtts were recorded over 2 years, comparing lighted and unlighted con- ditions near a roadway and near fight poles installed m a we[ grassland away from the road tfluence When all other habitat fac- [ors were taken into account, the denstry of nests was slightly but statistically lower up to 300 m away from the lighting a[ roadway and control sites The researchers also noted that bads nesting earlier m the year chose sites farther away from the hghnng, while [hose nesting later filled to sites closer [o the lights Commumcatton Visual communication wuhm and between species may be influenced by artificial night lighting Some speaes use light to communi- cate, and are therefore especially susceptible to disruption Female glow-worms attract males up to 45 m away with bioluminescent flashes, the presence of artificial hghnng reduces the vtstbdtry of these communi- cations Similarly, the complex visual communication system of fireflies could be impacted by stray light (Lloyd 1994) Artificial night hghnng could also alter communication patterns as a secondary effect Coyotes (Cants latrans) group howl and group yip-howl more dunng the new moon, when it is darkest Communication is necessary etther to reduce trespassing from other packs, or to assem- ble packs to hunt larger prey dunng dark conditions (Bender et al 1996) Sky glow could increase ambient dlu- mmanon to eliminate this pattern m affec[ed areas Because of the central role of vision m onen[ation and behavior of most animals, it is not surprising [hat aznfictal hghnng alters behavior Thts causes an immediaze conser- vation concern for some speaes, while for other speaes the influence may seem to be positive Such "posntve" effects, however, may have negative consequences within the context of community ecology ^ Community ecology The behaviors exhibited by individual animals m response to ambient tllummanon (orientation, disonen- tanon) and to luminance (attracson, repulsion) influ- ence communay mteracsons, of which competition and predation are examples Competition Arnfiaal night hghtmg could dismpt the interactions of groups of species that show resource partitioning across dlummation gradients For example, m natural commu- nines, some foraging times are partitioned among species that prefer different levels of lighting The squirrel treefrog (Hyla squirrels) is able to orient and forage at lighting levels as low as 10 5 lux and under natural condi- tions typically will stop foraging at dlummauons above 10-3 lux (Buchanan 1998) The western toad (Bufo boreal) forages only at illuminations between 10-' and 10-5 lux, whsle the tailed frog (Ascaphus trues) forages only dunng the darkest part of [he night at below 10-5 lux (Hallman 1984) While these three speaes are not neces- sartly sympatric (te inhabiting the same area), and differ m other niche dimensions, they illustrate the division of the hgh[ gradient by foragers Many bat species are attracted to insects ilia[ congre- gate around light sources (Frank 1988) Although it may seem that [his is a positive effect, the increased food concentration benefits only those speaes that exploit light sources and could therefore result in altered community structure Faster-flying speaes of ba[s congregate around lights to feed on insects, but ocher, slower-flying speaes avoid lights (Blake et al 1994, Rydell and Baagpe 1996) Changes m competitive communises occur as dwrnal speaes move into the "night light niche" (Schwartz and Henderson 1991) Thts concept, as ongmally described, applies to reptiles, but easily extends to other taxa, such as spiders (Frank pets Comm) and buds (Hill 1990, Figure 5) Predation Although it may seem benefiaal for dwrnal speaes to be able to forage longer under artificial fights, any gains from increased activity trine can be offset by increased preda- tion risk (Gotthard 2000) The balance between gains from extended foraging time and risk of increased preda- © The Ecologmal Souety of America www.fronbetsmecology otg Figure 5. Crowned hornbill (Tockus albotermmatus) hawking mseca at a fight at the Ktbale Forest National Park, Uganda Ecological light pollution T Longcore and C Rich lion is a central topic for research on small mammals, rep- tiles, and birds (Kotler 1984, Ltma 1998) Small rodents forage less at high illumination levels (Lima 1998), a ten- dency also exhibited by some lagomorphs (Gilbert and Bourn 1991), marsupials (Laferner 1997), snakes (Klauber 1939), bats (Rydell 1992), fish (Gibson 1978), aquatic invertebrates (Moore et al 2000), and other [axa Unexpected changes m fight conditions may disrupt predator-prey relationships Gliwicz (1986, 1999) des- cribes high predation by fish on zooplankton during mghu when the full moon rose hours after sunset Zooplankton had migrated to the surface m forage under cover of dark- ness, only to be illumina[ed by the rising moon and sub- jected xo intense predation This "lunar fight trap" (Gliwicz 1986) illustrates a natural occurrence, but unex- pected dlummation from human sources could disrupt predator-prey mteracuons m a similar manner, often to the benefit of the predator Available research shows that arnftaal night hghung disrupts predator-prey relationships, which is consistent with the documented importance of natural fight regimes m mediating such mteracuons In one example, harbor seals (Phoca vttuhna) congregated under artifiaal fights to eat juvenile salmomds as they migrated downstteam, tum- mg the fights off reduced predation levels (Yurk and Tntes 2000) Nighttime illummanon at urban crow roosts was higher than at control sites, presumably because this helps the crows avoid predation from owls (Gorenzel and Salmon 1995) Desert rodents reduced foraging activity when exposed to [he light of a single camp lantern (Kotler 1984) Fmnk (1988) reviews predation by bats, birds, skunks, toads, and spiders on moths attracted to artificial fights Mercury vapor fights, m particular, disrupt the interaction between bats and rympanate moths by mter- fenng with moth detection of ultrasonic chirps used by bats m echolocation, leaving moths unable to take their normal evasive action (Svensson and Rydell 1998) From these examples, it follows that commumry stnic- mre will be altered where fight affects mterspecific inter- actions A "perpetual full moon" from artificial lights will favor light-tolerant speaes and exclude others If the dark- es[natural conditions never occur, those species that max- imize foraging during the new moon could eventually be compromised, at risk of fading to meet monthly energy budgets The resulting community sttvcture would be sim- plified, and [here changes could m turn affect ecosystem charactensncs ^ Ecosystem effects The cumulative effects of behavmral changes induced by arnftaal night lighting on competition and predation have the potential to dismpt key ecosystem functions The spillover effects from ecological light pollution on aquatic invertebrates dlusxrates this point Many aquatic invertebrates, such as zooplankton, move up and down within the water column during a 24-hour period, m a behavior known as "diet vertical migration" Dtel vertical migration presumably results from a need ro avoid preda- tion during lighted conditions, so many zooplankton for- age near water surfaces only during dark conditions (Gliwicz 1986) Light dimmer than ilia[ of a half moon (<10-i lux) is sufficienx to influence [he vertical dis[nbu- non of some aquatic mver[ebrates, and indeed patterns of diel vertical migration change with the lunar cycle (Dodson 1990) Moore et a! (2000) documented the effect of artifiaal light on the diet migration of the zooplankmn Daphnia m the wild Artificial illummanon decreased the magnitude of diel migrations, both m the range of vertical movement and the number of individuals migrating The researchers hypothesize that [his disruption of diel vertical migration may have substantial detrimental effects on ecosystem health With fewer zooplankton migrating to the surface to graze, algae populations may increase Such algal blooms would then have a series of adverse effects on waxer quality (Moore et a1 2000) The reverberating effects of commumry changes caused by artificial night lighting could influence other ecosys- tem functions Although [he outcomes are not yet pre- dictable, and redundancy will buffer changes, indications are that light-influenced ecosystems will suffer from important changes axtnbutable to artificial light alone and m combination with other disturbances Even remote areas may be exposed to increased illummanon from sky glow, but the most noticeable effects will occur m those areas where lights are close to natural habitau This may be m wilderness where summer getaways are bmh, along the expanding front of suburbanizauon, near the wexlands and estuaries that are often the last open spaces m clues, or on the open ocean, where cruise ships, squid boats, and oil derricks fight the night ^ Conclusions Our understanding of the full range of ecological conse- quences of artificial night hghung is still limited, and the field holds many opportunities for basic and applied research Studies of natural populations are necessary [o mvesngaxe hypotheses generated m the laboratory, evi- dence of lunar cycles m wild populations, and natural his- tory observations If current [rends continue, [he influ- ence of stray light on ecosystems will expand in geographic scope and intensity Today, 20% of the area of the coterminous US lies within 125 m of a road (Raters and Wickham 2003) Lights follow roads, and the propor- tion of ecosystems uninfluenced by altered light regimes is decreasing We believe that many ecologists have neglected to consider artificial nigh[ hghung as a relevant environmental factor, while conservationists have cer- tainly neglected to include the nighttime envaonment m reserve and comdor design Successful investigation of ecological fight pollution will requae collaboration with physical scientists and www fronnernnecology org ©The Ecologmal Soctery of America T Longcore and C Rich Ecologual hgh[ pollution engineers xo improve equipment to measure fight charac- [ens[tcs at ecologically relevant levels under droerse field conditions Researchers should give spectal considera- tion to [he tropics, where the constancy of day-night lighting pat[ems has probably resulted m narrow niche breadths relative to illumination Aquatic ecosystems deserve increased attention as well, because despite the central impor[ance of hgh[ xo freshwater and marine ecology, consideration of artificial hghung has so far been limited Research on the effects of artiftaal night fighting will enhance understanding of urban ecosystems - the two National Saence Foundation (NSF) urban Long Term Ecological Research sites are ideal locations for such efforts Careful research focusing on artiftaal night fighting will probably reveal it to be a powerful force s[ruc[urtng local communuies by disrupting competition and predator-prey interactions Researchers will face [he challenge of disen- tangling the confounding and cumulative effects of other facets of human disturbance with which artiftaal night hghung will often be correlated, such as roads, urban development, noise, exotic speaes, animal harvest, and resource extraction To do so, measurements of light dis- turbance should be included routinely as part of environ- mental mont[onng protocols, such as the NSF's National Ecological Observatory Nexwork (NEON) Future research is likely to reveal artificial night hghung to be an important, independent, and cumulative factor m the dis- mpuon of natural ecosystems, and a major challenge for their preservation Ecologists have studied diel and lunar patterns m the behavior of organisms for the greater part of a century (see Park 1940 and references [herein), and the deaths of buds from fights for nearly as long (Squats and Hanson 1918) Humans have now so altered the natural patterns of light and dark that these new condtuons must be afforded a more central role in research on species and ecosystems beyond the instances that leave carcasses on the ground ^ Acknowledgements We thank PJ DeVues for his photographs, and B Tuttle and C Elvidge for the sa[ellite image Research was sup- ported m part by the Conservation and Research Foundation We are grateful for constructive comments and advice from W Briggs, BW Buchanan, KD Frank, JE Lloyd, JR Longcore, MV Moore, WA Mon[eveccht, G Perry, and M Salmon ^ References Beier P 1995 Dispersal of 7uvende cougars m fmgmen[ed habi[a[ ] Wildlife Manage 59 228-37 Bender DJ, Bayne EM, and Brigham RM 1996 Lunar condmon influences coyote (Cams lattans) howling Am Midl Nat 136 413-17 Bergen F and Abs M 1997 E[ho-ecological study of the singing activity of the blue tic (Faros caeruleus), great tit (Faros major) and chaffinch (Fnngilla coelebs) ] Omtthol 138 451-67 Blake D, Hutson AM, Racey PA, et al 1994 Use of lamplit roads by foraging ba[s m southern England J Zool 234 453-62 Buchanan BW 1993 Effects of enhanced fighting on [he behav- iour of noc[umal frogs Amm Behav 45 893-99 Buchanan BW 1998 Low-dlummanon prey de[ectton by squirrel treefrogs J Herpetol 32 270-74 Ctnzano P, Falchi F, and Elvidge CD 2001 The fust world alas of the artiftaal night sky bngh[ness Mon Not R Astton Soc 328 689-707 De Molenaar ]G, ]onkers DA, and Sanders ME 2000 Road illumi- nation and nature III Local influence of road fights on a black-tailed godwi[ (Limosa I hmosa) population Wagenmgen, The Netherlands Alteaa Derrickson KC 1988 Variation m repertoire presentation m northern mockingbirds Condor 90 592-606 Dick MH and Donaldson W 1978 Fishing vessel endangered by crested anklet landings Candor 80 235-36 Dodson S 1990 Predicting diel vertical migration of zooplankton Limnol and Oceanogr 35 1195-1200 Eisenbeis G and Hassel F 2000 Zur Anziehung nachtaktiver Insekten dutch StraBenlatemen -erne Studie kommunaler Beleuchmngsemnch[ungen m der Agrarlandschaf[ Rem- hessens [Attraction of noc[umal insects to street fights - a study of municipal hghung systems m a rural area of Rhemhessen (Germany)] Natur and Landschaf[ 75 145-56 Elvidge C, Baugh KE, Kihn EA, and Davis ER 1997 Mapping city ligh[s wrth nigh[time data from the DMSP Operational Linescan System Photogramm Eng Rem S 63 727-34 Elvidge CD, Imhoff ML, Baugh KE, et al 2001 Nighttime fights of the world 1994-95 ISPRS J Photogramm Rem S 56 81-99 Frank KD 1988 Impact of outdoor Lghnng on moths an assess- ment 1 Lepidop Soc 42 63-93 Gal G, Loew ER, Rudstam LG, and Mohammadian AM 1999 Light and diet vertical migration spectral sensnviry and hgh[ avoidance by Mysu reluta Can J Fuh Aquat Sci 56 311-22 Gibson RN 1978 Lunar and tidal rhythms m fish In Thorpe JE (Ed) Rhythmic activity of fishes London Academic Press Gelber[ BS and Boutin S 1991 Effect of moonlight on winter auwrty of snowshoe hares Arctic Alpine Res 23 61-65 Ghwicz ZM 1986 A lunar cycle m zooplankton Ecology 67 883-97 Ghwuz ZM 1999 Predictability of seasonal and dtel events m tropical and tempera[e lakes and reservoirs In Tundtsi JG, Straskraba M (Ells) Theoretical reservoa ecology and its appli- cations Sao Carlos In[emanonal Insu[u[e of Ecology Gorenzel WP and Salmon TP 1995 Charac[ensncs of American Crow urban roos[s m California J Wddhfe Manage 59 638-45 Goahard K 2000 Increased risk of predation as a cost of high growth rare an experimental test m a butterfly J Amm Eco169 896-902 Hallman JP 1984 Bimodal noaumal activity of [he wes[em toad (Bufo boreal) m relation [o ambien[ dlummanon Copew 1984 283-90 Haymes GT, Patrick PH, and Onis[o LJ 1984 Attraction offish to mercury vapor fight and i[s application m a generating station forebay Inc Rev Hydrobiol 69 867-76 Health Council of [he Netherlands 2000 Impact of outdoor hght- mg on man and nature The Hague Heahh Council of [he Netherlands PubhcationNo 2000/25E Hill D 1990 The impact of noise and artiftaal light on waterfowl behaviour a review and syn[hesis of the available literature Norfolk, Um[ed Kingdom Bnnsh Trust for Omuhology Repot[ No 61 Jaeger RG and Hallman ]P 1973 Effects of intensity on the photo- tacnc responses of adult anuran amphibians a comparative sur- vey Z Tierpsychol 33 35207 Klauber LM 1939 Rattlesnakes their habas, life fits[ones, and influence on mankind Berkeley, CA Umversry of California Press ©The Ecofogmai Soaety of America www fronnersmecologyorg Ecological fight pollutton T Longcore and C Rich Kolhgs D 2000 Okologische Auswtrkungen kunsthcher Lichtquellen ' auf nach[aknve Insekren, msbesondere Schmet[erlmge (Lepidop[em) [Ecological effects of az[ficial light sources on noc- turnally active insects, m particular on moths (Leptdoptem)] Faunuasch-Okologuche Mittedungen Supp128 1-136 Kotler BP 1984 Risk of predation and the s[mcture of desert rodent communities Ecology 65 689-701 Lafemer ] 1997 The influence of moonhgh[ on activity of wooly opossums (Caluromys philander) ]Mammal 78 251-35 Lima SL 1998 S[ress and decision-making under the risk of preda- tion recent developments from behavioral, reproductive, and ecological perspectives Adv Stud Behav 27 215-90 Lloyd JE 1994 Where are the hghtnmgbugsi Frreflyer Companion 1 1, 2, 5, 10 ' Long WJ 1901 Wilderness ways Boston, MA Ginn and Company Moore MV, Pierce SM, Walsh HM, et al 2000 Urban hgh[ pollu- tion alters the drel vertical migration of Daphnia Verh Intemat Verem Limnol 27 779-82 Monday PL, Jones GP, Ohman MC, and Kaly UL 1998 Enhancemen[ of recmi[men[ co coral reefs using light-attrac- [ors B Mar Sn 63 581-88 Nakamura T and Yamashita S 1997 Phototacttc behavior of noc- [umal and dmmal spiders negative and positive phoromxes ZoalSa 14 199-203 Ogden LJE 1996 Collision course [he hazards of lighted s[mctures and windows [o migrating birds Toron[o, Canada World Wildlife Fund Canada and Fatal Light Awareness Program Outen AR 2002 The ecological effects of road lighting In Sherwood B, Colter D, and Burton JA (Eds) Wildlife and roads [he ecological impact London, UK Imperial College Press Park O 1940 Noctumalism-the developmen[ of a problem Ecol Manogr 10 485-536 Rand AS, Bndarolli ME, Dries L, and Ryan MJ 1997 Light level: influence female choice m Tungara frogs predation usk assess- ment[Copeia 1997 447-50 Ruters KH and Wickham JD 2003 How farm [he neares[ road' Front Ecol Envrron 1 125-29 Ryden ] 1992 Exploi[anon of insects around streetlamps by bars m Sweden Funct Ecol 6 744-50 Ryden J and Baagpe HJ 1996 Gatlampor okar fladdermossens pre- dation p~ f~arilar [S[ree[lamps increase bat predation on moths] En[omol Tidskr 117 129-35 Salmon M 2003 Atifictal nigh[ lighting and sea turtles Biologist 50 163-68 Salmon M, Tolber[ MG, Painter DP, et al 1995 Behavior of logger- head sea turtles on an urban beach II Hatchbng orientation J Herpe[o129 568-76 Schmiedel J 2001 Auswirkungen kuns[hcher Beleuchtung auf die Tierwelt - em Uberbhck [Effects of artifinal fighting on the animal world - an overview] S_chriftenrerhe Landschnftspflege and Naturschutz 67 19-31 Schwartz A and Henderson RW 1991 Amphibians and reptiles of the Wes[ Indies descriptions, distnbuuons, and namrai history Gainesville, FL University of Florida Press Squires WA and Hanson HE 1918 The des[ncnon of birds a[ [he lighthouses on [he coast of California Condor 20 6-10 Summers CG 1997 Phototacnc behavior of Bemuw argennfohi (Homoptera Aleyrodidae) crawlers Ann Entomol Soc Am 90 372-79 Svensson AM and Rydell J 1998 Mercury vapour lamps interfere with the bat defence of tympana[e moths (Operophtera spg Geometndae) Antra Behav 55 223-26 Verheifen FJ 1985 Photopolluuon artificial fight optic spatial mnrrol systems fad to cope wi[h Inadents, causanons, reme- dies Exp Bio144 1-18 Wiese FK, Montevecchi WA, Davoren GK, e[ a1 2001 Seabirds at risk around offshore oil platforms m [he North-west Atlantic Mar Pollut Bu1142 1285-90 Wnhenngton BE 1997 The problem of phompollution for sea mr- [les and other noc[umal animals In Clemmons JR and Buchholz R (Eds) Behavioral approaches to conservation m the wild Cambridge, UK Cambridge Unwersuy Press York H and Tn[es AW 2000 Expenmen[al ariemp[s to reduce pre- dation by harbor seals on out-migrating 7uvende salmomds Trans Am Ftsh Soc 129 1360-66 www.fronnersmecology org ©The Ecological Sonery of America CRAIG A. SHERMAN ATTORNEY AT LAW 1901 FIRST AVENUE SUITE 335 SAN DIEGO CA 9 2 1 01-2380 TELEPHONE (619) 702 7892 June 8, 2004 Via Facsimile (909) 477-2847 Followed by Hand Delivery City of Rancho Cucamonga Planning Commission c/o Mr Lan•y Henderson 10500 Civic Center Dnve Rancho Cucamonga, CA 91730 Re Comments on the Final Environmental Impact Report Request for Denial of Tentative Tract and Other Project Approvals Proposed Traigh Paclfic (aka Tracy) Development (DRC2003-0409 through DRC2003-0411 and SUBTT 014749) State Clearinghouse Number 2003081085 Dear Mr Henderson and Members of the Planning Commission FACSIMILE (619) 702-9291 This office represents The Habitat Trust for Wrldhfe, Inc and Spmt of the Sage Council (collectively, Sage Council) is a 501(c)(3), two non-profit projects and corporation, consisting of Native Amencans, screntists, citizens and members dedreated to protecting and conserving Amenca's natural and cultural hentage, mcludmg endangered species, natural habitats Both of these groups have members and supporters that reside m the City of Rancho Cucamonga (City) and San Bernardino County (County) who recreate, enjoy and find spmtual renewal m the regions natural open spaces, mcludmg that azea that is subject to the referenced proposed development These comments are provided by Sage Counc>1 and other interested community groups and/or persons in the Crty of Rancho Cucamonga and the western area of the County of San Bernardino ("County") The Sage Council provides this comment letter m response to the Final Environmental Impact Report ("FE1R") for the above-referenced Tralgh Pacific resrdentia] development subdivision and related/associated City and LAFCO administrative and legislative actions (collectively, "Project") ~f~ma ~-T 'f3e~"vc~ ~ 7:02 P.M 'S Page Two June 8, 2004 City of Rancho Cucamonga Traigh Pacific, SCH No 2003081085 Sage Council incorporates all verbal and written comments it has made on this Protect, mcludmg the prior permutation of the Tracy protect back m 2001, mcludmg obtections that this office has made regarding defects m the City's proposed Development Agreement Issues Resardina Inclusion of County Flood Control Lands The attempt of the City and applicant to include County lands for both conservation and overall density calculation is improper and unlawful The County is not an applicant for this development and the use of its lands already committed to conservation purposes is an arbitrary accounting of mitigation and protect density The City's responses to DEIR comments are incorrect and incomplete The fact that floodway lands have been designated "surplus" for flood control purpose, does not mean that the lands can now be developed Issues relating to pnor commitment and accounting as conservation or open space lands needs to be fully analyzed and mitigated for such losses Sage Council has recently learned that substantial Protect lands were either designated conservation as compensatory mitigation for the County Flood Control's San Sevame water protect (map included), or are otherwise designated ground water recharge areas The City's analysis on these points has been improper, there is no mitigation offered for these losses, and the use of these mitigation areas for this Protect are prohibited by law City's Re-Zoning and Re-Classification of Conservation (Floodway) Lands The City has failed to analyze the impacts to its overall general and specific plan open space elements The rationale that hydrology has changed so that additional land could now be developed wrthoutteopardy is factually and legally irrelevant to the fact that City and County have previously accounted these designated conservation and floodway lands as open space, contributing to the respective agencies' general and specific open space policies and goals to maintain the currently existing conservation and open space lands Page Three June 8, 2004 City of Rancho Cucamonga Traigh Pacific, SCH No 2003081085 Development Agreement Sage Council incorporates all of it prior written and verbal comments made to the Crty (including comments made to the Planning Comm~ss~on on May 12, 2004) regarding the refusal to circulate, describe and analyze the contents of the proposed Development Agreement (DA) during an appropriate and meaningful time of the EIR and CEQA process As previously asserted, legal defects m the proposed DA include (1) an unlawful and non-statutory mechanism for minor or ministerial amendments, (2) includes anon- apphcant and interested party without their assent, authority or signature (See also the above discussion about unlawful inclusion of SBCFD lands ) The statement m the DA that "the specific terms of this Development Agreement shall supercede and be controlling over any conflict and/or inconsistency with the Protect Entitlements" demonstrates the need for circulation and analysis of all City guarantees being made m the DA Some of these guarantees differ and are not addressed m the EIR, and others differ from "existing" Crty laws Thus, the Crty ~s unlawfully granting a "variance" or other zoning code "exception" back-door through the DA Examples of these legal defects for this Protect include (1) failure to analyze and mitigate impacts from the development and uses of the North Etiwanda Preserve Trailhead, (2) failure to analyze and mitigate impacts from the development and uses of the North Etiwanda Equestrian Center, (3) failure to analyze and mrt~gate direct, cumulative and growth inducing impacts from the development of Protect streets (Etiwanda, Eat and Lower Crest Collector), (4) agreement to exempt the Protect from the City's hillside development regulations set forth m the Development Code, and (5) the setting of minimum development standards less protective than those required under the zoning code for land use designation Requirement for Water Supply Information not Included in EIR As previously raised and argued before the regarding the related matter of Crty's proposal for ANNEXATION DRC2003-0 1 1 64, General Plan AMENDMENT DRC2003-01162, Etiwanda North Specific Plan AMENDMENT DRC2003-O1163, and associated ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT (CEQA Negative Declaration) at the Mav 26 2004 meeting of the Plannm¢ Comm~ss~on, the Crty has failed to conduct appropriate water supply studies and include them in the EIR for this Protect Page Four June 8, 2004 City of Rancho Cucamonga Traigh Pacific, SCH No 2003081085 Under Water Code §§ 10910-10915, any project of more than 500 homes must contain an water supply assessment of the public water supply system relating to protect and overall supply and demand issues This water assessment must include, among other things, whether the demand of the proposed prod ect was included as part of the water purveyor's most recently adopted urban water management plan (UWMP), whether the total water supplies available durang normal, single-dry, and multiple-dry yeazs included m the UWMP's 20-year protection will meet the projected water demand associated with the proposed Protect, m addition to the water purveyor's existing and planned future uses This information must be request such water assessments from potential water purveyors at the lime the Notice of Preparation is released for the Protect, and the water assessment(s) must be included in the draft EIR for public review (Water Code § 10911, CEQA Guidelines § 15083 5, subd (d) ) The fact that this Protect, m and of itself, maybe less than the 500 home threshold does not excuse City from conducting this required analysis because the City is knowingly bifiircatmg and is concurrently processing not less than four Specific and General Plan amendments for large residential subdivisions for this immediate Protect area, and the Water Code and CEQA require such collective and cumulative assessments, especially with regards to general and specific plan amendments such as this Removal of Equestrian Overlay District The three Alternatives that Sage Council is providing requires the elimination of the City's Equestnan Overlay Distract and Trails from the Protect site and adtacent SBCFCD easements and conservation lands, including levees and levee roads The Protect site is bounded by habitat conservation lands to the east and to the north Residential development and equestnan uses are not compatible Horses not only cause significant physical damage and losses to native habitats, plants and natural communities by trampling, but by the introduction and distnbution of non-native seeds from their feed stock, mcludmg alfalfa, oats and other grams, which aze then blown m the wind onto adtacent habitat conservation lands In addition, horses and horse droppings on ENSP trazls (see ENSP, OPEN SPACE AND TRAILS PLAN, Exhibit 111 that go through the County Open Space Distract 1, North Etiwanda Habitat Preserve, SBCFCD San Sevame Creek Protect's Habitat Conservation lands, Habitat Mitigated lands from the Rancho Etiwanda and Rancho Etiwanda Estates Protects are not permitted and would cause significant damage to these habitat Page Fzve June 8, 2004 City of Rancho Cucamonga Trazgh Pacific, SCH No 2003081085 conservation areas by the horses/droppings introducing non-native and invasive alfalfa, oat and other gram plants There is no proven need, demonstrated by the City and Project applicant for an Equestrian Center and trails in this region of the County and Czty sphere of influence However, even if there was a need, the term and conditions of committed mitigation for natural open space conservation required by the SR-30 Highway Expansion Project and San Sevame Creek Water Project supercede the desire to introduce active recreation into a nature preserve The City ENSP and RMP require significant revisions, including the Tracy Protect, to be consistent with the current land uses Conflicts and Inconsistencies With the Adoated General and Specific Plans The Planning and Zoning Law (Gov Code §§ 65000 et seq reginres the Crty to base land use decisions on its adopted general and specific plans The City's adopted applicable General Plan and Etiwanda North Specific Plan (collectively, "Plans") states that critical or essential structures shall not be placed within designated earthquake fault zones or other constraints zones This is the entire purpose of expressly designating such constraints azeas Essential and critical stractures such as water lines, water lines, water storage facilities, and homes aze located within designated critically dangerous fault zones (See attached maps, nos SC1, SC3, and SC6) Additionally, the approval of the Project subdivision is forbidden pursuant to the Alquist-Pnolo Earthquake Fault Zone Act (Public Res Code §§ 2621 et seq) for failure to prepare adequate geologically site specific reports delineating hazard of surface raptures, and the dangers of knowingly placing men, women and children in such danger zones The City continues to use and reference the outdated Etiwanda North Specific Plan (ENSP), adopted in 1992 as the lead document when considering this Protect and other Projects "However, the criteria used zn the evaluation of each development proposal zn Etiwanda shall be based on the objectives, policies, and specific development standards specified herein " 14 2 ENSP page v-3 The Crty began drafting the ENSP m 1984, conducting public hearings m 1989 through 1992 and then adopted the Plan on April, 1, 1992 (see Resolution No 92-092) with "ovemding circumstances" (See Resolution 92-092, Exhibit A, hereto) and against the recommendations of lead government agencies for conserving public trust natural resources, Cahfomia Department of Fish and Game (DFG or Department) and U S Fish Page Stx June 8, 2004 City of Rancho Cucamonga Traigh Pacific, SCH No 2003081085 and Wildlife Service (FWS or Service)(See ENSP DEIR and FEIR Comments (DFG on August 4, 1988, May 17, 1991 and June 26, 1991 FWS on October 6, 1989, June 25, 1990, April 22, 1991, July 3, 1991 and Testimony at Public Heanngs) The U S Forest Service also expressed concerns and recommendations mcomment letters and testimony at public hearings (See comment letter of June 19, 1991) These unmitigated "ovemdmg circumstances" on negative impacts to the environment include, but are not limited to 1) Substantial alteration of existing open space land use character 2) City Transportation policies and Traffic 3) Landform modification 4) Wildlife Habitat impacts 5) Alluvial fan scrub habitat loss 6) Threat to riparian habitats 7) Short term fugitive dust 8) Solid waste " The City also stated [t]hat specific economic and social considerations make infeasible any project alternative specified to the to the Ftnal Environmental Impact Report and constitutes an overriding basis for Council approval of the project, and Further, a Resource Management Plan shall be prepared and implemented The ENSP Resource Management Plan (RMP) was adopted on November 4, 1992, however, to date, the RMP has not been implemented According to the RMP Executive Summary, Opportumkes for preservatton of the sensztive habitats that have been zdenttfted withzn the ENSP must be fully explored prior to project approval in the ENSP area " and The przmary method of habitat preservation zs avoidance " The ENSP and RMP identify lands m the area that have previously been used for mitigation These mitigation sites cannot be used to mitigate impacts of the ENSP and new protects within the area Page Seven June 8, 2004 Crty of Rancho Cucamonga Tratgh Pacific, SCH No 2003081085 The Ctty anticipated that an MOU for conservation of habitats wrthm the ENSP area would occur (See RMP page 1-8 ) The City, County and others have signed such an MOU and contractual agreement to conserve habitats and wildlife within the ENSP area and throughout the West Valley Foothills (See Valley-wide Multiple Species Habitat Conservation Plan (HCP) and Natural Communities Conservation Plan (NCCP) (HCP/NCCP) MOU with Map and Species List) The County, as lead local government, has received funding from the State, via U S Senate and Appropriations legislation for U S Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service "for NCCP planning m County of San Bernazdmo" The overall area encompasses a Signtficant Natural Area identtfied by Cahfornta Department of Fish and Game under Chapter 12 of the Ftsh and Game Code (SBD 110) and requtres protection and up-to-date biological surveys (RMP page 1-9) Under no circumstances shall development occur within 50 feet of any streambed" (RMP page 11 and Appendtx C, Mitigation Measures 4 5-15) Riparian woodland habitat areas shall remain wtthtn open space and wtll be managed to such a manner as to maximize wildlife habitat values and minimize human disturbance associated with adjacent development (RMP page 1-12) For the Ettwanda/San Sevatne corridor, as well as throughout the Specific Plan area, the free movement of wildlife must be addressed (see RMP page 1-15) as a condztton of development, a study of the feasibility of acqutsUton for preserva[ton must be completed prior to any project approvals to the area (see RMP page 1-8 at c ) Based on each of the above requirements, the proposed Prolect is m violation with and conflicts with the Plans, the City's adopted RMP and the HCP/NCCP MOU The City Council must not approve the Prolect or violate CEQA, NCCP Act, State Plant Protection Act, FESA, NEPA, Clean Water Act, Water Code (SB 221 and 610), as well as violate rts own adopted plans and regulations Page Ezght June 8, 2004 Crty of Rancho Cucamonga Traigh Pacific, SCH No 2003081085 The Crty and City Councrl rs taking five actions m association with the Project • EIR and Tentative Tract Map (SUBTT 14749) • EII2 and Annexation (DRC2003-01051) • EIR and Amendments to Crty General Plan (DRC2003-00410) • EIR and Amendments to Etrwanda North Specific Plan (DRC2003-00409) • EIR and Draft Development Agreement Sage Council and Habitat Trust aze opposed to the City approving any and all Protect proposals EIR and Tentative Tract Man (SUBTT 14749 The proposed Tentative Tract site rs entirely wrthm the Etiwanda Water Drainage Area (see ENSP, STORM DRAIN MASTER PLAN, Exhibit 17), SIGNIFICANT NATURAL AREA SB 110 (see ENSP RMP page 1-9 and DFG comment letters) and more than 50% of the site includes lands with constraints (see ENSP, CONSTRAINTS MAP, Exhibit 8) Sage Council encloses herewith a color map (attached) that created using the adopted ENSP Map EXHIBITS on the proposed Tentative Tract map included with the Project This comprehensive map clearly indicates the multiple land development and land use constraints relating to the Project and immediate Project azea For these reasons and others, the Crty must not approve the Tentative Tract (TT) as currently proposed for reasons stated Sage Council rs demanding that the Crty deny the Project TT and recommend that the Project applicant revise the proposed TT to avoid mapped ENSP Constraints In addition, the City and Protect applicant must comply with the ENSP RMP and avoid habitat impacts m the SNA SB 110 area Sage Councrl reminds the Crty and Project applicant that, as a condztzon of development, a study of the feaszbzkty of acquzsztzon for preservation must be completed prior to any project approvals zn the area " (RMP page 1-8 at c ) To date the EIR and all other documentation before the Crty (staff report dated June 9, 2004, L Henderson) does not contain such a "study" for acgmsrtion and preservation of habitat on-site and/or off-site Page Nme June 8, 2004 City of Rancho Cucamonga Tratgh Pacific, SCH No 2003081085 Failure to Prepare, Analyze and Consider a Reasonable and Feasible Ranee of Protect Alternatives Sage Council has provided three alternatives to the proposed Protect, including TT Map 14749 These alternative TT Maps are reasonable and feasible They also avoid certain development "constraints" to conform to the ENSP and RMP (see ENSP, CONSTRAINTS MAP, Exhibit 8) While avoiding development constraints areas, these three alternatives also provide for greater conservation of RAFSS, Waterways/Mator Water Recharge and RARE Plummer's Manposa lilies Conservation and mitigation must occur on- and off-site if the Protect is to meet the 1991 recommendations of DFG and FWS, the lead public trust agencies for natural resources (See DFG and FWS comments letters on the 1991 ENSP) DFG requires a minimum of 2 1 habitat replacement mitigation and FWS recommends conservation of all habitat lands north of the LADWP and Edison Utility lands and easements More recently public trust agencies have required 3 1 mitigation for impacts and losses to designated water recharge lands per Regional Water Quality Control Board (See 2001 Revised and 1995 Final Environmental Assessment, with maps, for the San Sevaine Creek Water Protect, County of San Bernardino) and 5 1 per DFG and FWS for RAFSS habitats (letter on file with the City, County, DFG and FWS) Sage Council requests that the City review its proposed alternatives and eliminate the "P- 1" (Equestnan Park) and P-2 (Trail Head Park) as indicated m its less impacting alternatives At a mmiminn, the direct and indirect impacts from developing these features must be disclosed and circulated to the public, interested parties and responsible agencies, so that the decision-makers can be appropnately advised about the breadth and scope of impacts that are approving, promoting and requinng m association with approval of the Protect Although the Sage Council has previously made recommendations for Protect changes and alternatives to the currently proposed, we are also including maps that we have made by overlaying the Protect onto ENSP map exhibits and also those of the revised San Sevaine Creek Water Protect In doing this analysis, Sage Council is including our own proposed Tentative Tract Map (See attachments) Currently the Tracy Protect proposes to provide a 1 1 habitat mitigation that is not sufficient mitigation for its impacts to numerous quantities and types of natural resources This is unacceptable not only to Sage Council, but also experts at the identified responsible public trust agencies, DFG and FWS While Sage Council's three proposed alternatives are significantly better m avotdance and mitigation of impacts on habitats and Page Ten June 8, 2004 City of Rancho Cucamonga Traigh Pacific, SCH No 2003081085 water recharge at a 2 1 replacement, rt ~s believed the Project can be revised to partially mitigate impacts at a minimum of 3 1 and 5 1 maximum Sage Council ~s aware of willing sellers of habitat lands m the azea and region, thus rt ~s possible (feasible) For the Project's negative environmental impacts to be mrt~gated, as the law requires that they be With on- and off-site conservation of habitats, placement of gates and/or guard starions can help mitigate adjacent and offsrte impacts associated with human disturbances such as hiking off trails, off road vehicles and motorcycles/dirt bikes, fitter, dumping of trash and gazden refuse, shooters/hunters, dogs etc Also, having a nature center for interpretive studies would help m educating residents on the importance of wildlife, habitat and water conservation, and how to not impact natural land preserves such as those sunound~ng the Protect area The three altemat~ves also include a Natural Rock Wall/Stone faced double-sided at a minimum of 6 ft completely around the Protect site Having a wall, rather than fencing, along with street circulation adjacent to the wall, will provide a greater defense for adjacent habitat and wildlife conservation areas and act as a buffer for wildfires and minor flooding events Res~denhal units, if built, should be one story and not two due to the need to protect important viewsheds identified m the ENSP The ENSP includes a Ranch and Bungalow design that suggests such a honzontal one story structure Two story homes aze less defensible and are at greater nsk of fire dunng wildfire storms fueled by words coming out of canyons to the north of the Project site Environmental Review and Impacts from the Proposed Annexation is Deficient The Crty proposes to annex the unincorporated land of the Project into the ~unsdiction of the City, but m doing so has included substantial acres which are not Project lands (e g , parcel no 225-084-03) The impacts associated with the proposed future uses, land use designations, and the potential and foreseeable impacts related thereto must be analyzed m association with this Project and the environmental review thereto By the Project applicants attempting to meet the City's desires of an outdated ENSP, doing so jeopardizes the legality and creates planning, zoning, and environmental mcons~stencies from the Protect The Crty's desire to increase the use of horses m a Significant Natural Area, and m and around dedicated habitat conservation lands is mcred~bly inconsistent Under no circumstances, should LAFCO allow annexation of County, County OS-1 Distnct and SBCFCD lands until the 1991 ENSP ~s revised with an EIR that reflects current environmental conditions, and analyzes increase level of impacts relating, and Page Eleven June 8, 2004 City of Rancho Cucamonga Traigh Pacific, SCH No 2003081085 proposes appropriate mitigation measures to del with such impacts The City's current effort to do this via a CEQA negative declaration and 3 other concurrent piecemealed protects violates both environmental review and planning laws Until such comprehensive environmental review and planning, all development Protects in the ENSP area must be put on hold, or otherwise be processed through the County However, as similazly true with the County, is also must revise and update its General Plan and West Valley Planning Area to reflect the current environmental conditions, dedicated habitat conservation lands and year 2004 existing mitigation needs Storm Drainage and Flooding Another mator issue not resolved m the Protect EIR or TT Map is with regards to Storm Drams and Flooding (see ENSP, STORM DRAIN MASTER PLAN, Exhibit 17 and WATER MASTER PLAN, Exhibit 14) The Protect includes Annexation of SBCFCD easements and lands included m the approved San Sevame Water District Protect (SSWD) (See attached maps, and final environmental assessment for the SSWP, the protect decision and approval files for which is incorporated herein by reference ) The SSWD is being built to partially handle 100 year storm events According to the SSWD, the Protect area is north of the SSWD Debris Basin and immediately adtacent to the levee However, the Protect uses the 1991 ENSP that incorrectly places the future Debris Basin north of the site The reality is, that during 100 year and 500 year stone events (stone events, while using teens 100 and 500 years, actually can occur at any time), breakout flooding from the levees will occur The Protect is located on a mator flood plain and water recharge area, the proposal m the Protect EIR to build and pay for gigantic stone drams north of the Protect and onsite is severely questioned The drams and pipelines, north of the LADWP and Edison Utility comdors and on dedicated habitat conservation lands, that were proposed back in 1991 in the ENSP, aze no longer going to occur Therefore, it is not proper for the Protect to propose and include such an inconsistent approach to handling expected flood waters What is necessary is for the City to revise the ENSP and EIR to reflect the current and existing significant changes m the environment, that have taken place since 1991, including the SSWD, dedicated Habitat Conservation Areas, so that the Protect, the ENSP, and its associated Water Master Plan and Storm Drain Master Plan are brought up to date Page Twelve June 8, 2004 City of Rancho Cucamonga Tratgh Pacific, SCH No 2003081085 Traffic and Circulation The City and Protect applicant rely on the decade old ENSP and its related Circulation Plan (see 1991 ENSP, CIRCULATION PLAN, Exhibit 12) Srgmficant changes have occurred since 1991 which limited the extent of Day Creek Blvd, East Avenue, Wardman Bullock Road and others (See also Spent of the Sage Council lawsuits involving the pnor Umvers~ty/Crest -Rancho Etiwanda and Rancho Et~wanda Estates developments) most importantly, there are no longer roads/streets along the LADWP and Edison Ut~lrty Comdors north of the Project site, nor should there be Currently, local residents of the Crty aze expenencmg trafficlams m the morning and afternoon on Etiwanda Avenue by the school (see public comments on the Protect and the other concurrently processed projects, Henderson Creek, Richland Pacific and Plan amendments/annexations) and were trapped by narrow streets during the 2003 wildfires These real life traffic problems are not surpnsmg since the 1991 ENSP was approved by the City with "ovemdmg circumstances "Furthermore, the City has approved ENSP and General Plan amendments to increase residential densities from Very Low to Low and Utility Comdors to Res~dentia] (see Rancho Etiwanda and Rancho Etiwanda Estates protects) Still the City and other protect applicants, including this protect and for Richland Pmehurst are requesting General Plan and Specific Plan Amendments to increase and almost double residential density AGAIN The 1991 ENSP Circulation Plans, Street Sections (see ENSP, Exhibits 13 (A) - (F)) include "COMMUNITY TRAIL" of 20' m width The City needs to revise the 1991 ENSP and EIR to eliminate the Commumty Trails, as well as Equestnan Trails, m order to better meet the needs of street widths that are needed by residents to move azound fire trucks etc dunng evacuations While we do not support development m the ENSP area that is also a high wildfire, flood and earthquake nsk, we do believe that the City and Protect applicant must address the Health, Safety and General Welfare of its current and future residents The City must not use "ovemdmg considerations" m General and Specific and residential development protect plans We also remind the City and Protect applicant that "General Welfare" includes the need for clean air, water and environment AS identified by the City m the adopted Plans, the highest, best and most appropriate use for most all of the Protect (and related protect) lands is for habitat, wildlife and water conservation Page Thirteen June 8, 2004 City of Rancho Cucamonga Traigh Pacific, SCH No 2003081085 Landscaping Sage Council requests that absolutely NO non-native ornamental grasses, trees and plants are to be used on or off the Protect site mcludmg road sides The ENSP plant palette includes such unacceptable plantings and must be revised as not to cause additional negative and adverse effects on habitats and wildlife The Protect must only use native plants and seedlings consistent with those naturally occumng m the North Etiwanda preserve and other aeeas Also, the City should, as a condition of approval, require the Protect applicant and/or developer to salvage native plants on site for use m Protect landscaping Sage Council requests and the law requires avoidance and conservation for native plants The very least the City should do is require salvaging of plants on site for use in Landscaping The only trees that should be allowed for use in Landscaping are those native to North Etiwanda and Southern California, mcludmg California walnut, California and Engleman Oak, Sycamore, White Alder, Big Cone Pme, California lilac, Mountain mahogony and Yucca Under the California Native Plant Protection Act, Yuccas and others are to be conserved The Protect site and ENSP area has the largest remaining population of RARE Plummer's Manposa lilies Sage Council also expects FWS and/or DFG to have an emergency listing, especially if these raze flowers are pushed closer to extinction by this Protect and the related Henderson Creek, Richland Pmehurst and other nearby City development Protects We recommend that the City and Protect applicant reduce their TT map and Protect m size and scope so that there is on- site, as sell as off-site, habitat mitigation and avoidance measures to conserve this fisted rare and threatened habitat, plants and wildlife to the greatest extent Fuel Modification ENSP uses a 1990 Fuel Management Plan that is outdated Furthermore the Protect EIR also uses an outdated Fire Management and Fuel Modification Plan Significant changes have occurred since 1990 and 2003 wildfires, mcludmg the County Fire Ordinance and Zoning/Land Use in the West Valley Foothills The decade old ENSP requires a Fuel Modification Area of 150' with as much as 70% of cleanng on natural vegetation The Protect does not mitigate the loss of habitat, wildlife etc due to associated Fuel Modification We request, as a Condition of Approval, that any and all Fuel Modification that occurs must be done on and within the boundanes of the Protect site and only on Protect owned lands (excluding the designated habitat preserve areas of the County Flood Control Distnct No Fuel Modification is to occur on such SBCFCD conservation easements and mitigation lands within or outside the proposed Protect site Page Fourteen June 8, 2004 Crty of Rancho Cucamonga Tratgh Pacific, SCH No 2003081085 Furthermore, ali Project-related Fuel Modificatton must mitigate impacts to habitat at a minimum of 3 1 replacement prior to the approval of the Project TT Map Urban interface with the National Forest, County Habitat Preserve and SBCFCD Habitat Conservation lands immediately North and East of the Protect site increases Fire Hazazds and nsk to human life The Project must have some sort of an accountability clause, either the Project applicant, developer/contractor, City Mayor and each Crty Council and Planning Commissioners, LAFCO or all those individuals collectively approving and/or pennittmg a drsastrous development, that could have been avoided m the first place Just like a cigarette package has a warning that smoking is hazazdous to your health, shouldn't future home buyers also be given such a warnmg~ "ATTENTIONS These residential dwelling units are subject to and aze known for significant active flooding, wildfires and earthquake events Living here has great potential to be hazardous to your Health, Safety and General Welfare, and life " Instead, developers advertise these homes as "estates" with beautiful yews etc The only thing the City seems concerned about is development fees and that the signs of the names of the developments aze pretty "Ridgeview Estates" sounds so mce, but underneath rt all is an earthquake fault causing the "ndge " General Plan and Specific Plan Amendments We aze opposed to City General and Specific Plan Amendments for the Protect Firstly, the Protect site is m the County Hazard Overlay Distnct for Flooding, Wildfires and Earthquakes and therefore does not comply with "Health, Safety and General Welfare" needs of the Public Thts is not an area m the County and Crty Sphere of Influence that, anyone m their nght mind, should be allowed to use for residenttal dwellings and widespread equestrian facilities To amend the Crty Plans to allow increased density, is absurd and strongly opposed Why place MORE people at nsk There is no reasonable answer The "result" of building m the San Gabnel and San Bernardino Mountain foothills area is never going to change from being hazardous The proposed Plan amendments intend to bung double the amount of residential dwellings and future residents In addirion to placing more people's hues at nsk, the current envrronmental crrcumstances of traffic dams, air pollution, overcrowding of schools, lack of landfill space, water shortages and energy cnsis, the Amendments would further exasperate these conditions rather than improving them The rational that Page Fifteen June 8, 2004 City of Rancho Cucamonga Traigh Pacific, SCH No 2003081085 environmental conditions aze already bad m the area, so making rt worse doesn't matter, is unfounded and m-espons~ble Under CEQA the Project must mitigate negative impacts on the environment Reducing and lessening Protect specific negative impacts is required by law, whether or not mitigation measures reduce impacts to a level of less than significant is a matter considered after sufficient mitigation measures have been made Amendments allowing higher density on the Project site, from Very Low 1-2 to Low 2-4, also increases the negative impacts to adjacent dedicated habitat conservation lands, habitats and wildlife More people are going to trespass into areas that are specifically for habitat and w~ldhfe These preserves are not to be used for any moderately active human recreational uses, dumping, shooting and horse ndmg Even passwe uses such as observation, bird- watching, scientific study, and other uses need to carefully controlled and regulated This Project (and the City's other related protects) does not consider thee impacts and propose mitigation for minimizing the same The habrtat preserves are not "parks," yet the Protect and ENSP are treating these lands as such, resulting m substantial unanalyzed and unmitigated impacts to significant natural resources Wildlife Corridors and Buffers The City proposals, including development of County Flood Control lands and Utilrty comdors has a significant negative impact on Biological Resources for habitats and wildlife The file and record for the Protect fails to provide any scientific data regarding wildlife movement and buffers within the ENSP area, assuming that "Etiwanda Creek along with adtoimng Conservation Areas will continue to provide suitable comdors for w~ldhfe movement "Scientific literature and data suggest otherwise (See previous and concurrently presented scientific argument and literature regarding wildlife movement comdors, habitat buffers and the effects of substantial fuel modification zones) It is recommended, by Sage Council that the City revised the 1991 ENSP and recently versions of the General Plan to identify and map wildlife comdors and habitat buffer areas, using the best available science, which includes existing and further scientific studies performed, rather than using the old 1984 Environmental Assessment that both Plans have used The County and cities agreed to do such studies when entenng into and s~gmng a contractual agreement with CDFG and FWS for the Valley-wide MSHCP(HCP) The County Museum staff, DR Robert McKernan and Gerald Braden should be consulted by the City and Protect developers as they may already have some preliminary maps and data available In addition, consult with the lead agencies CDFG and FWS that can also provide the Crty and Protect developers with the most cun•ent and best scientific mfonnation on wildlife movement Page Sixteen June 8, 2004 City of Rancho Cucamonga Tra~gh Pac~fio, SCH No 2003081085 corridors and buffers There is lacking scientific evidence and support for the City's statement that "Future development of up to 95-acres within the Protect area, adtacent to Etiwanda Creek, will not have any impacts on npanan, wetland, or related habitat " This is so general as to be meaningless What ~s "related habitat" of Etiwanda Creeks The Crty must identify all habitats on and adJacent to the development site The use of Habitat Buffers is needed, but not used for the proposal and Protects Biological Resources Rare plants aze found m the thousands on the Protect site, especially since the 2003 wildfire that swept through the ENSP area The Protect EIR uses biological data pre- wildfire, but not post-fire It is necessary to perform additional biological studies post- fire (now) to include with earlier studies as to be more accurate m addressing current environmental condrtions The Protect needs to consult with DFG and FWS for the Rare Plummer's Mariposa Lily, SB K Rat, Cahfornta gnatcatcher, SWestern Arroyo Toad, Red Legged Frog All of these federally fisted endangered species aze known to occur m the ENSP Area and adtacent throughout the West Valley Foothills As above, the City and County are signatories to an HCP/NCCP pre-planning agreement and MOV contract The Protect does not address this regional conservation planning contract and the State NCCP for CSS The ENSP area is included m the CSS NCCP The County North Etiwanda Open Space Habitat Preservation Plan (NEOSHPP) was not supported by CDFG, FWS, Sage Council and others who found rt to be a development plan, not a conservation plan (see public comment and letters re NEOSHPP m the County files) Cultural Resources The City and Protects play ignorant to the fact that the entire ENSP area is part of the larger indigenous village of "Cucamong[n]a" for the Shoshone Gabnehno Nation (a State recognized tribe, a k a Gabnehno Band of California Mission Indians) The City has mformatron and evidence m its archives a video from a previous presentation at the City, led by FWS John Hanlon and Leeona Khppstem, Spmt of the Sage Council Also m the City azchwes ~s a video submitted by the Sage Council, "No Room for Compromise " Both these videos, along with other public comment given on the 1991 proposed ENSP, Oak Summit Development, and proposed development at Cucamonga Canyon provided Page Seventeen June 8, 2004 City of Rancho Cucamonga Traigh Pacific, SCH No 2003081085 substantial mfonnat~on on this historic and cultural resource The City, the applicants far this Protect, and the related protects need to review the video tapes and public comment It is recommended that the Crty and developers reduce negative impacts by significantly reducing development on site and throughout the ENSP azea Protects should allow at least 50% of habitat lands on-site to be conserved for these cultural and biological resources, or mitigate for the same at not less than a 5 1 replacement In addition, the Crty should require that an azcheolog~st, palentologist and Gabnehno "Most Likely Descendant" (MLD) perform on-site surveys, reporting and be on-site during Protect grading and earth moving activities Surveys, studies and reports must be included m the EII2 and/or EII2 technical appendixes If the surveys, studies and reports indicate that the Protect site includes items and other evidence, the Protect must be redesigned to avoid these sensitive azeas If there are calms, human remains and/or burials the Protect must be halted, protected and registered with the State Historic Preservation Officer and nominated to the National Register of Historic Preservation The landowner must agree to the nomination and work cooperatively with State and Federal Agencies, Gabnehno MLD with Tribal Band and other conservation organizations, including becoming a w~lhng seller and/or donor of the land The proposed Protect, proposed tentative tract map, and overall CEQA compliance is legally deficient m these regazds Improper and Outdated Proiect Mapping; Failure to Describe Current Proiect Conditions at the time of Notice of Preparation As argued above, the Protect documents and City may not rely on information contained m outdated Plans and other Protect-specific mapping which does not reflect the realities or describe the current conditions at and around the Protect site at the time the Notice of Preparation for the EIR is issued The Protect Applicant uses old data sources "Stuker Eng~neenng, Mazch 24, 1999" for Figure 2-6 and protect planning Other outdated information fails to include the Revised San Sevame Creek Water Protect (2001) with revised maps MAP lA and 1B 2001, San Bernardino County Flood Control District (See attachment) The proposed Protect plan map overlaps onto the "Levee Access Rd" and "Areas to be Regenerated 55 ac " on parcel 0225-083-10 The Protect map also refers to some of the lands in this pazcel as "declared surplus " However, despite being unable to locate such a "declaration" within the Protect documents, despite being "surplus" for flood control purposes, conservation Page Eighteen June 8, 2004 City of Rancho Cucamonga Traigh Pacific, SCH No 2003081085 easements prohibit direct and indirect Protect impacts Contacts and conversations with SB County flood control have indicated no changes to these referenced and mapped conservation areas While the Tracy Project may assert that the 1991 ENSP has "prezoned" this area for development and that is all that is needed, this is not true if SBCFCD has enacted or undertaken actions (e g , "easement" or other inconsistent land uses) which affect the City's pre-zoning for the Project and its immediately adjacent areas Based on these County actions, including that with respect to SBCFCD conservation areas, the Lever Road(s) must not be used for the 1991 ENSP Trails System/Equestnan Overlay Distnct, without analyzing and mitigating the impacts and inconsistencies with the same Lands m the ENSP tract used for Trails and Equestnan Overlay are currently habitat conservation lands that prohibit or are m conflict with such uses The Project fads to conform with the realities of today's environment and relies on the outdated and misleading ENSP Other lands to the East and Southeast of Protect are also habitat conservation ]ands since 1995 Project mapping Both Rancho Etiwanda and Rancho Etiwanda Estates have purchased and designated lands for habitat mitigation and conservation Final Remarks and Request for further Written Notification The issues and questions presented herein are essential for a complete and informative EIR This office, my clients and the law require full, complete and good faith responses to the comments and questions raised herein In advance, we thank you for considenng the issues presented in this comment letter Should you have any questions concerning any of the points raised herein, please do not hesitate to contact this office Please notify this office of any administrative or legislative heanngs, circulation of documents, or any other action or heanng related to the Protect, pursuant to Public Resources Code § 21092 2 S rely Craig S rman cc clients Attachments INCORPORATED AND REFERENCED APPENDICES Relevant to the Comments provided herein, Sage Council references and incorporates herein by such reference, the following City file documents which have addressed resource impacts and have conducted environmental review of such resources and Impacts which relate to the proposed Project 1) all the ENSP documents, mcludmg pubhc and pubhc trust agencies comments 2) Oak Summit CEQA documents, mcludmg pubhc and pubhc trust agencies comments 3) University Crest CEQA documents, mcludmg pubhc and pubhc trust agencies comments 4) Rancho Ehwanda CEQA documents, mcludmg pubhc and pubhc trust agencies comments 5) Rancho Ehwanda Estates CEQA documents, mcludmg pubhc and pubhc trust agencies comments 6) Tracy CEQA documents, mcludmg pubhc and pubhc trust agencies comments 7) Richland Pmehurst CEQA documents, mcludmg pubhc and pubhc trust agencies comments 8) Sherdan Estates CEQA documents, mcludmg public and pubhc trust agencies comments 9) Henderson Creek Flood Control Project CEQA, NEPA, USFWS, ACOE Permit apphcahon documents, environmental assessments, mcludmg pubhc and pubhc trust agencies comments 10) San Sevame Flood Control Project CEQA, NEPA, USFWS, ACOE Permit apphcahon documents, environmental assessments mcludmg pubhc and pubhc trust agencies comments 11) State of California, Resources Agency Natural Commumttes Conservation Planning Program documents, mcludmg scientific literature references and USFWS Environmental Assessment and Biological Opinion for the Special 4(d) rule under the ESA for the California gnatcatcher 12) USFWS documents regarding the listing of the California gnatcatcher as "Threatened" with a Specral Rule Also, documents relating to the designation of "cnhcal habitat" for the California gnatcatcher 13) USFWS documents regarding the listing of the San Bernardino kangaroo rat as "Endangered" Also, documents relating to the designation of "cnhcal habitat" for the San Bernardino kangaroo rat 14) San Bernardino County-wide Multi-species Habitat Conservation Plan documents, mcludmg financial reports that identify receipt of state and/or federal funding for developing a plan that ~s consistent with the State NCCP Also include maps and studies that have been performed by contracted biologists at the County Museum A-1 _- • i r. Qu• 1 e.y Ilrer.lopr srwr Ar.. -- ----- r ..} . . • :t.. A:; •: • ~' •.! ~ , i • .Y ~' ~ ti • '•'{\tnnl ~ Y~'k~' _ w ~l .} :~t~5r ~_ -~ .- ®_/ _ -~~ "S ®~ r... ' ., g .. ~~ i sr° . * Proposed saw ~ y r.v++. .. ••~f• ~1~ .•~ .~ ~ I '/ • f:. i LEGEND ~~•••~ VhIMr,Y, Wlcr N.en,ry, Aro, ~~ (R.cn«pe C,p,clry ~ ~ wre cn,wrr,i w.,t« 7A,n so CFS) ® stram,le. Nbo04nA NWN,I b.x4lan ® ~nw,tn AUOWIbn ~ ®E,u„ne,nd UMI,W SIGW. ~ Go,l,l S,yO A,.oc4tl,n ~ SNUMC Ar.u ~~. ~~ A4w,t-Prpb Spec41 Stutl4e Zon. ~~.~. Gry Arlopt.E Sp,cW SIUO/ Zorw i oo• zo ~ ~ T~~(/T~lC14i 'P~tC,i~lG ~ - Pc2-o~ EST s ~ TE z-i9 ADOPTED 4/1/92 i ~ rnf EXHIBIT 8 ~Etiwanda North Specific Plan ~~ ~- Gty of 1 Reecho Cueainonga I ~~g-u~e.: 2; 5 P.e~1su1 SC ~a~e. Go Teri-t'a.-r~ve.~?~fi m~ 1'-4~q 12~ ~.~- dents 0 /-~1~9tra corJS6Y.~/Kf'-a~w~R Rt24tAR~+6 6c0 Ht~ Ft_ooo 1.WCA ~, , . , , SSC FC D DED1(.A~'E~ ~ ~ / ~~ESER.VPrTf ar\I ~, ~ i ~ ,,, , ~ ~ •. ~ t / /, ~i v PY4RKl13G O G~a,rd Gate„ e ~i ~ BVFF6R -,bagtr/vr' ~-'~4~:4R't'k WS 21~"~ 50o YR ~~, Na-h~.ra.l oJall l~~ wl IN Dou.bl~Face~ 5tane. N C Natl.tre, C~en}ty 6CNo0~. ® bera-ori GexrBR P~~~AC.uRT'to~ '~ UTtuTy coRRtD~R~pp~.1 SpAcE ® ~~'TA'TOUFFEft OA~'SITt: PARTIAL warert aecatA~GEI M ITIfrAT1»A/ 0 SGt. EdtSen o~ S qa~.e, 1 Edison u~;t~y o~ soar.. ~9~d O Reslde~l D4xll~r~t1J„}S-I'7~}- ® Scr+oo 1 ~ Se~~or Cev~ter © ~'~'"~ ~`~- ViSlivr Center ~ Gr~iard Borft'h ® Park~v~o~ 7'~C-Y Ai~~RN~kT~~~~ZSG ~ ~4~4~ I-ly- +'1G~IDEI3TIAL $UF ~E R Hl~B i Tq.Y- WATE R 5oa YR \ ~~~ s 6uF~R /gyp` - WI~LIFE ~rEME1.Cf', RAFSS, PlvMptgRS MAcR1po,Sq UuES, W~T'ER IZEC.kPtRC~E NlkTU2.pc~. W ~tL (o FT' M I(~ ~ou~ F~4c~D StDNE W~YIl__ 1. Park - IZipa~,ah Park w~-t'~ 9trravnloed and i'ond/Evacuafiov~ 2 Park• GoN•,rr~uv-1-Fy Park t:-1 K~+idchTt t~l un~ - 5 i ~ ~ ~ ool C1~ ~15er,~cm c~~ (1) ~ Guard Gates~tnf~h (3) ® tJ~i~ Ce~tor PI Ri~,,r'iar~ ~,•)/ Pdr4~ PZ C~ommunttY Par k BUFFER- ONStT~, M--TtC~~tit SBGFcD ~EMEPIT' c-ti-a°~+r-Nrs ANgDa-sc.E MIT~~-~-~o~- 51T~ ~aS~,~PtT101J A ~S ReSaar~~ a.~~,o E+~~.d+z ~ate~ NI~TURKt-L wp-L~, ~F.r MINLMUWI DouB~..E FgtE~ STbNE Wy~~, ® -r'Rac.Y p,~~Tt=2N A z-tvg ~ 3 SC. -TT" ~'~-7 ~}..9 ~ ~ ~ Rcs i deh+ia I uh -+s 0.uessofa Parcel Number 0225-083-28 0225083-23 G~Eert E d Ema M Madnd `~~c ~y 0225-083de 0225-083-10 Sen BamerdMo County Flood ConM1OI ObldC 0225'083-07 0225-084-02 San aemardno Count' Flood Contrd Dutrlct 0225-083.22 ----_---- i---`-- -- _~ Sauna Straker E^9kr.dn9 Merck 2A 1988 Legend l.J..i ---L------- ------ ~~ San Bemardlno County Flood Control Dlstrlct P-1 Bquestlon Park - - Annexation Boundary P-2 Trail Head Park Tu. K.,rtr Compenla.l.~c Tray Development 2-6 C CCj J U .~ _~ 0 O L +~ U 0 0 c 0 U L Q~ L O ~e U J T JUN-05-2004 87:16 qM SgGE. COUNCI LmSE~«OFF ICE 910 947 5091 P. 01 F~gur~e,:2-5 f~iiscd SC ~~~ Go T~ t~v e.~T~t' 1'Y1~ ~ 4~ q ob W? d a A coN46A~/RrTtor~vaMfEQ Ps41/~6 Fl~obo IvOSA SBCFCD pED1 C,A'fE~ 1-4~A$ iTFtT ~p.~56"R.V/kTlO-.1 BVPFBR wA8lrPrr ~oN SEW/A'ft W ATFR RE~++AQc~E 5oc YR ~ .. ©RARKI N~ ~`~ O Guard Gate f- ~i N C Na~tt~ ~,p, ® 6GFOOi. ® S6N~OR ~,6N~(L ® Perry EvACVRTIOrJ '~ u7lury c.oRR~poR/oPeN SPAcE ICq µ~'~T OUFFER ON•bll'~ PARTIgL WATeR RBGtr~RaE'IMIT16ATIOA/ ~ G1 o-O-1 U VJ ~~ j r-t ~ J ` + t.. ~i lVtt'r~ i._~ `,_ ~ Y ~J' f ~_ _`_~`L ~ \ ~ O W WU ~bN r``-J ~.V~ 4~~~ 5 G~,,v~lr~~~"L'~,~~~~±.~ ..d:.: __ _ t\`~~'~' V-"^.-_' ~ ~ q~j w ~4 p ~ ~. ~Ov -/`~' l\ ~ \\r\ „ ._,J,,.. , , ,~ , !~ \Lt~i lu V1 ~~ = : 4~ ~~: _til 20 `~ ~ i __,~ __... r_ - ~Fi ~ --~~a` \~~ ~~t'~~\t",t. ,1~i i to ~ rte" ` :~z, ~ tid ~.----•~ ./ ~ ZiQ Z ~1!'\? ~ ~~1µ~~~~\~ "` ~~ ~.' \t ~ / y J •• . • h ~` i l~l . ,_ ~ ,.;.; t'1 e -`~~..~._~ fi%-..-_ Q~ O v~ t T ~ia ~`\\,\\~\V\\Vt\\J~~\U ~\\\~l \1i~, `~7\\1C~1~i ! -.f~~~~{I.'::'- .'.. y`3'-~. Its\_Y/~^ ~,k __ ~W r -v l ~ 1,A\C~~,wAh\vAv~t\vt~A\~1'v~~1~, t1~fC;vt JA - ~ -- V1 V ~~\t\',li DAv~~~V``~t1-~ ~ q ;AAA\1t.-,. A~u~A~ . `-r' _.~ ~-. ~ ,-_ ',i~\`\ `\ ``\1 'r'\; ~\t\ ,~',,,~,~,ik,~~ fit, \ ` ~ ~ = -r _ ~ _ _ ~ _ -_ '4\ ~ i~ __--\ fir, /- +~"~/' f`' i ~1+~ ~ ~. - »., y Y .~'~ ....~ tr-' ~.- S d YO _'. ~ y'7 ~ l~~~ i .i cy*f~t~ "A'_ 1F"~c-. t~ ' - - - V,_~ ~ ~ .~.i e3 Jf i~ ,~~~~ /~~ .-~ ~5~~~n "~ tea'"./- ~}./ Jh"' " ~- ~(.~~ ~. t~---_. ~.-1 J ter-. _ ' ~ r"'f!` 1 ~~ /~`'S. Y T la Jx~' ~..-+~'.n'Q¢9"_/ ./~.r.,-ri~~ c 0.O `., y,-/ "~, `'-~•-^•:v %`='Zr~i :~" ~- ~'- } ~_ cY`~._/~ -~~~:%r. _._- 2 a~ r-'w ~-~~~- h .~ , '",`,~ -c~'-fay : r.-'~ ^~r= ^'.~~_ -. - ~ ",I /.r--_-" ~ ,.. "~-..fix,-~''"` .-+C~'y~',ci -.~~a~..i ~^~ _ - --O' , ~~-,__ `• ° « ( J J ~ _ /~_i-nY ~~~ Ir.~ ~ ` ^i..-~~~'~ ` ~ ^.T SP1 J /- ~ a' L S '~~ _. -.IWI11 I y' U T J ~'--:~ V" ~~t""r J v` 4~ ~ -~ sl+~.J~ L ~i~ ~~ ~F~ _ • 1 J _~,,..,. ~i - 9~ a .~i _.-~~.. F~/rv' / 4i' l t ,f ~ y' i ~ ~.r~.rri -. C. W u Wit- ~c-.J ,G-S% i ./"w~+-.-~J ~ .:x ~ fy~ a ` f.~ Y~ JW~'-_-._~ ~ c7 o v+ W r L tiG ~~ ~ S ~~ ~'~-'fie` ~ ~ ~" .-^ ° o ~ ~ F 5 ,- _ --'~- 'v{`S`, N\ ~--..:'.,w._ f.l' J .c, f"_ ;rte, >~, ~ \.. 1~i.. ~Yi .:~1~,.~SJ- ~ ~ a r~0 fM1l n` ~ `-i',.^ ~" ~' LJr''- _ .%~_J~~f~'',-~ r ~`~~'7 -'" 1 ~_/ ~ ^ r;.a~TMt"'`' ~ \ ~ \ p; cn pWq W xe. ~~_' -";; 4Y ii, /....L fly I ./`\~ - ~ .1 / ~-,~~ i% 9~, ~ ~ O 0. F ra W ~, ^-.-y.~_ ~"" ~~'^_Y ,J~ ~~ ~,J"`, /~ ^ x',11 ^. "" ~'~'~l:o) ~\! ~ t/-. fir, fr ~~r •- "ice" `y,`~`tst_~1--~`-`~ I l < ~'`` f~S~l"~' ~ ~~,,f ( ~ `'~\~/~f^ti ~' ~tY ~ Ci m y z w /r~{'pf:~,`!*h ~F", ~-`- ---~- ~~ ~^.,~ .1j "`t'- ,~., "'~CCC_ .-v Yx --,'~'~L~~~~~ ~ .Ci E p o ~C(~C,^•Y'4•V l.^1' -.~r ~'~~=°°J'( \\~, ~ rl`, '~..--~1~.i~ti ~4.`\~~.1y WV' d~ ~a p i~,t .~~SQ_ %"".__--.;" -.`y-_-,_: 2~~5 ~~ t~ 2I~,',=~~ 'ti\I Sf7 ~+ .~-~ W O U W w~ ~ :.._ ~~ ~j • ~ J+ f ~. ~w/ ;\~ ` ~'_.y' ~~ O ~ 0.1 U ~'+"•h~.~ti~~'-.~6~~,'~- Vt~11 qtr, ~ ', Vl 8,~ ~-yy-_'^,^~~.~-- ~..y- ~-• W E"' C rP. 0 I M n i ~° a s ZQN N c Y / O M I n m O a ZN Q N Y H OOO1Q1 N ,~, ~ =~ , ~. ;~-- - COUNTY OF SAN BERNARDINO ~c~i ~ ~ t - < __q I w .- SA~7 BFR~~:.[.DI~O ' ~ I } CALIFORNIA ', ~ ; ? ~i ` -__S- ~ ^ / I ~ t. . .~ l SAN SEVAINE CREEK WATER PROJECT FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESS114ENT AUGUST 1995 SUBMITTED UNDER THE GUIDELINES OF THE SMALL RECLAMATION PROJECTS ACT OF 1956 - P L 84-984 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BUREAU OF RECLAMATION ~~ ROGER A. SHINTAKU Gm~ollnn~ FINDING OF NO SIGNIFICANT IMPACT BACKGROUND For the purpose of providing flood control, dependable water supplies, environmental protection, and outdoor recreation opportunities within a portion of the San Bernardino County Flood Control District the County of San Bernardino (County) has applied for a loan under the Small Reclamation Projects Act of 1956 (Public Law 84-984, as amended). The proposed protect responds to the needs of the public as provided far by the County Charter and its elected Board of Directors. Flood control reflects the needs for personal safety, economic security, transportation, housing, water supply, recreation, and protection of '~ sensitive wildlife habitat Thts Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI) discusses the Impacts of the proposed project, identifies mtttgatton measures, and documents features essential for wildlife enhancement. A final environmental assessment (EA) dated August 1995 was prepared to address environmental issued under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). The final EA results from a year of review and revision after publication of the draft to July 1994. Formal consultation under Section 7 of the Endangered Species Act, and consultation as required by the National Historic Preservation Act and the Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act was also conducted during this time. The EA meets all requirements of NEPA and the Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ) regulations for implementing NEPA, in addition to pertinent Federal and State laws and regulations concerning environmental protection. The Bureau of Reclamation considers the EA to be an adequate disclosure of the environmental effects associated with the proposed protect, and concludes that the proposed action, including the described mtttgatton measures, will not significantly Impact the environment and therefore will not require the preparation of an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS). This decision is based on the following Prior to construction: 1 A Section 404 permit under the Clean Water Act would be required Coordtnatton with the Corps is ongoing and the permit will be obtained by the County prior to construction. The County will fully implement all condtttons identified in the permit 2 A 1601 permit under California State law would be required Coordtnatton with the Department of Ftsh and Game is ongoing and the 1 agreement must be completed prior to construction. The County will fully Implement all condtttons attached to the permit. 3 The County will provide a conservation easement of approximately 138 acres of fee title land of coastal sage scrub to the area tdenttfted to the EA (Figure 3 15). The Ftsh and Wildlife Service will review the ' wording of the conservation and protection agreement The preserve will be integrated Into the Oak Summit Preserve's management plan r i 4. Approximately 111 acres of Riverstdian Alluvial Fan Sage Scrub (RAFSS) would be preserved within the conservation easement. Contractor construction specifications would carefully limit the extent of disturbance to natural vegetation. Access roads would be located on the outside of the levees and no materials would be borrowed from the ~7 existing natural channel north of the proposed debris basin. Public 9 access to the preserve area would be prohibited. 5. Approximately 13 acres of Riversidian Upland Sage Scrub (RUBS) would be preserved within the conservation easement. Restoration and revegetation efforts will eventually result in the re-establishment of a plant community most like RUSS on approximately 46 acres of levee and debris embankment side slopes. 6 The northern portion of East Etiwanda Levee would be located on or as close to the eastern edge of the flood control fee title property as technically feasible. 7. Final project design shall ensure no loss of habitat outside the project boundaries . 8. A detailed restoration plan will be developed and approved by the Service and Reclamation, which will include the following: a Restore areas of temporary disturbance by removing and controlling non-native plants, garbage, and man-made debris. b. The outside levee slopes will be revegetated with native coastal sage scrub species endemic to the pro,7ect area, and the inside levee slopes will be covered with native soil and seedbank. c Reclamation shall require the County to hire a qualified biologist to develop a monitoring plan to cover a period of five years. Photographs, monitoring of species presence, and relative cover, and hydrology studies will be used d Develop a seed collection and transplant/topsoil conservation plan i e. Develop a detailed erosion control plan for culverts, berms, etc., and a reclamation plan for removing and stockpiling topsoil. f. Develop a detailed revegetation/habitat restoration plan for reclamation of the levees to an alluvial scrub community. g Develop a detailed plan for temporary and permanent irrigation ' systems. h Develop a detailed monitoring/maintenance plan to monitor the success of the revegetation program and ensure proper care of artificially eroded sites or areas requiring reseeding/planting ' 2 ~„ ~.1 n 1 yr - ~ ~~ $ \ I~~ / 1 ~ ~ ~ ~ tl itl ~~ ' • 4 ~. 1 ( u Q p O 1 ' 1 O o a e 1 tl r o ~ A. Q S ~ / ~ tl tl i xB~ : ~ ~~ i ~ ~ tl t861~ __ ~..~ ' ~ DEDICATED . %--' ~~"•- ' • ~ _ ---- - - - - - -- -•-- -- - -- -CONSERVATION EASEMENT ~-- \ ~ ~~~ .../ - ' _ ~ f; f .. ~: ~1 ~'• _: I WEST LEVEE --- "` ~~ !~ _ ;~. _ __ __,' f-EAST LEVEE `- - - ¢ ,,,~~~ /// / o J^ ~ ~ I~i ~ i I 9a ~ I tld" ; nk \ ` f ~' ~ ~ Q ~~ , DEBRIS BASINi=-DEBRIS BASIN~' ~/ TS ~ ~ - 949 ~ EMBANKMEN / Sy ~~~/// 4 Tank ~~1A A -_____ - __ - -__ tl = __ - ...........• ~a~ - f ~ ^~~ ~ 4 gel A^ . -.. v, '_ P i --__ ____-~ ~]~/ p 9y t~ *~N___ •• !' ~C ~ i G/ n~q~tr - ~ Win • r . ,~. 28 l ' 0 mll~ 5 1 .... • O f t 2000 X000 ' ~ 0 km 5 1 : 3 a• N .............e. ' '' SOUTHWESTERN FIELD BIOLOGISTS Sen Bcmerdino Cooary Flood Conwl Distncr ^ • -t^-~~ San Scvninc Cnxk Wa[er Pro~ccr ~ FIGURE 3.15 • (: • MAP OF PROPOSED E77WANDA PRESERVE JUN-08-2004 09:46 PM SRGE. COUNCIL~«SE«OFFICE 910 947 5091 .J+ P. IS ~I yl a{ arereloor {weY a. e, ~„ i L - r,r ~ ~ t ~: ~ ,, W ,, "~ ~ '~ ` Ali' ' ~ - ~ # ~!'~ , LEGEND -~ - - WAY1~ IVLN.N~n~ yyM1•+IVS(~PW ®~ elrr~•e~ Webn.W, Oglp {INbn M{pr Rp~p{e pq IRp~efa Gwclry Obua TMn {p CFBI ~ 1 wrd CneMrnl Open YYee~ Auopl{Ibn Allyrlel A„al~ppn ' S l ~ I r ® Eeceub. OM Un~1~01, 9kpn ~ ~R7 G.bl 8~p, Alpelabn 1 9sumlt Nu. ~ e eeee~ Alpllp•Pfbb {DpIH BIydM 20M ~re~~ CIIY Adeplp B01W~I BIYOY IOM tk Proposes ~e nr ' ea / ~r1 w i n r~ w ,. ..r..e - - _ - e~a EXHIBIT B Etiwanda North Specific Plan 6'&' CII~ of I-19 A~QPTED 4/1/92 Rancho cucanton6a JUN-0t3-2084 09:46 PM SRGE. COUNC IL~«SEmOFFICE 1 LtIw1r M°r~~..*IiI11L[L. .ie.alno 61Nbn tAraa 1 0 7 X000' 910 947 5091 P. 14 LEpEND ® Open 3paee (~~ ReplonelTrall '~•.•..... Communly EqueNnen Trall Recommended Underpaea alt~B~cycle Lene In grt.lMm,ea.. Ip BICyCIe Pplh tM ow.rq . Cl.s q TO TrellHeed tu..rroTawl..l O Pa lkl$Caoel aeTC TA. .11.. .Il..ln m.Y neU. eurwMlY .Nn.d nw b 1ww.~p..• tAl.t .tll~t. Tb 4y1t110M1 .1 ..11. I~.n MYb.IN. .I . p.I.peO O sra.y, Y Qt.Ua am ItU. a iN IIY .n. IM B.AS.I elurt.l II"s3 ADOPTED 4/1/92• ~~ ~ Etiwanda North S/peciilc Plan 's~~c/~ atr er ~RantAo Cualllon6a J JUN-0B-2004 09:39 PM SAGE. COUNCILmSE~«OFF ICE 910 947 5091 P. 01 SPECIAL DIVIDED SECONDARY ARTERIAL STREETS ' ' • WILSON AVENUE (east of Day Creek Blvd.) II MEANDERING CLA981 III 4' WALK ~ B' BIKE PATH ~~ ~, (MEANDERING) north R.O.W. 3 (A-1 as shown on Circulation COMMUNITY TRAIL north cuss I 7' BIKE PAIN R.O.W. (A-2 as shown on Circulation Plan) ~-~ti~ ~ ~.ilvvllvlZ~ c~,~,l,~I~.~w~~,! -rr~,~ i ~~ a..+~ V~ S~e~` w ale, u' (~ ~w`rVkG~ .~ No ~ NOTE: PLANtINd AREA BETWEEN CURB AND TO BE d' MINIMUM, T II-42 south 'C •wlh ' Etiwanda North Specific Plan ChT of Rancho Cucamona• CDMMUNITY TRAIL P JUN-08-2004 89:42 PM SRGE. COUNCIL~«SE~«OFF ICE 910 94T 5091 P. 07 ~~~}~, Sw.~- Zw~- I~U,v ~`D-e~'~ Ck~.~.vt.~,t~ P~,9 caw ~ nw~ wa3rw Pn~~k g cu,+.~, Yw~-ern' ~7wr~~ {~a~ r 1.V /11 J ~~~~ f~ '~ 11~,ve. , 1 i 1.,r LEGEND ................ Proposed CCWD Boundary E%laung CCWD Boundary ~Ix+~ Pipahne end Dlemeter • Reservoir ~ Metropolitan Water Dletrim fM W D) Connect)on o Booster Pump Stetlon O Water Treatment Plant f W.T.P ) v Pressure Repuletor Stetlon ~ Pressure Zone Boundary 4 Preecure Zone Number ... Exlslmp Pipeline bourse Cuoemorge Ceynry Wtle! DlelllGl lLCW01 Meelet Plee yuM 1007 WATER MASTER PLAN EXHIBIT 14 xi-ae 'ADOPTED 4/1/92 Etiwanda North Specific Plan q+y o+ Ran[ao Cucamonga JUN-06-2004 09:40 PM SRGE. COUNCIL+SE~OFFICE 910 947 5091 Wa"I ~..Y r~~~1 ~5(~a~ `I~n ~~~~/~ p,,p~~ ~ y~~rl/ly/ y'~. r ~'C~ ~~rY~•~'.~'lrrtn I ~ I I l~wJ / •~ l1~-+ ~~+~~~ c~CSLE'v~ LEDEND Preeenl CCWD Boundary tot` Plpellne entl Dlemeter ~rrNO6~ Exlelinp Plpellne ~I~I~I~I~I~I~ ProDOaed Dletrlct Annexetlon Are" P. 03 tiDUICP OYl~TMyi Ceunry N9ler DI"rkl tCCWDI Mbar %sn Junk IPo) Et Norlh Plan II-so ADOPTED 4/1/92 ~""`"° JUN-08-2004 09:40 PM RE8IDENTIAI D 5 4 a SRGE. COUNCIL~SE+~OFF ICE TOP OF SLOPE 910 947 5091 P. 04 I.t~~.p~;. ~;Y~ L~,as1.C' v~~ a~- ~.s +D ~ j~ ,~-a. n~~~ 2k r w~ . ~~ h.aa..d ~ni hA~l ~~'~ t^e~hb1/Z.Q 6MALL SCREENING TREES IN Og0UP8 OF THREE AND FOUR • ~ RESIDENTIALPROpEg7ylINE LOCATION VAgIEg ALLUVIAL FAN SCRUB AND OTHER E7fISTING AND/OR NEW NATIVE PLANTINGS 80•)0% ~ CLEAgINO CIEARINp ~0% CLEARINp NE 1-60' iIOATED ONE ~-! NON-IgRIpATEO ON'- q~ tE0' FUEL MODIFICATION 20NE VE NOTE: REFER TO APPENDIX C, FIRE PROTECTION STUDY, JANUARY 1®9D. •L II-55 Etiwanda North Specific Plan cuT ar Rancho Cunnwng~ JUN-06-2004 09:42 PM SRGE. COUNC ILmSE+OFFICE 910 947 5091 P. 06 Creek Bop HyOrolvpy 91udy Al~ee S~`~7~~w~ ~ ,~I\V,o~~~1 ma 1/1 N nsntl__r.nJ• I ~~-Q.~j ~/`~VI~L-~Cy+~ t~~p~, Upper Ellwende Replvnel Melnllne Channel ~.-v~fj ~ VV~1 ~ ~`f 50 LEGEND (~a`~' _!_'~" ~~` ®Replonal Melnllne Dralnepe Fecllllles ~`~~ ~~ ~ ~' ~'~ ~~ Master Plan 91orm Draln n1"` ' ~ ~'~~ ~`~• ~ ~ r•••+ Drelnepe Area Llmlla "'~`~ ~~~' ~~~~ ~~~..SeeonderyReplonelFeclllty m-~ ceu.~`r~1 +iab~~4' P~zru~. F~~e O/1~S rll a•b•o• hl•• OouNan•• •Wot to 690rCD •opo..l f4> All ob •ao m •ee~o•Irryq, •pyp •pM 10 d d•I(IrTInW W .Iln•1 nrdNlppr/rrytr•ulb Wady MN e 00 ZO ' osm Sen SeVO{ne Replonal Melnllne Beelnv EXMI~~ Eliwanda North SpeeiHc Plan a!y al II-61 ADOPTED 4/1/92 Rantho Cvea JUN-06-2004 09:43 PM SraGE. COUNC ILmSE+OFFICE 910 947 5091 P. 10 lr,.u1. Mn1 a~~r ®* ~t Pn',fpoB~d Sphere Area ~VCIr/ 3{I' rlf Loa Donaly Rsobpnllpi 11-I DU/~W ,V), Vpry lw Dpnplh RnleanllU 1<2 D11/K) y~N Wry Lpw Ruldmlal Eun• 11 DU/ACI Nllaltlp RIINSp1411<p DV/NOl Bulldpblp Iwrrl NYIIIdo RolOOnlld EpItl1 Itl DU/NOl BvIIhNS ~CtU RC Flwd Cpnuw/nro.d.n IJC umny Corrltlor oa awn BDece IN Inplll VllD/al RZ Faull ton. AC Ruowcs Conopnpllon Arq fNC) wbnplrhppd COmmormu • (IrVL.VLEIRC) .mlwnu rurvp. Ipwo un suawmpp o r oo~ ao Y 7rolpna TUI Nopd t E rro-obe iyugplon ioalny t S ~~ /rsptld Bpp.a ilU t D Ap/Hpd NrM iRp t P i.alao Iprp al. t MDTi, 1N X1111 IM~1 YI •111 NrrMln wM ~/Ir IM IIr111rr 111 rMUM11 11~ M141W 111111 Ir IM1 MMNb1111 NMHI~I I~VI IMI lnn yi b NhPO Ivr IM q IM CII NI IM NqN pI1UM1 uNg1 III-6 ,ADOPTED 4/1/92 EXHIBIT 1B Etiwan~ h Speclilt Plan o~y of 1 kancho Cutamogaa \ ~ ~- n ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~~ 1= -I 1 ' --- } I I _ b 3Yti1 .IRI e I~ ~ 1~ ! ~ ~, ~ ii; iiiii S' , ,,, , ~ IWa ~,:~ , I , I_ , , ~' -- ~,, ~, '~ ,~ ~ 1 '~: ~' ~, c~ ; ~e ~ II II n II II ~ ` I II II q ~ II I I ;- ~ I r-i - i - I II ~ I -- II 1 ' ,t ~~ `n~ ~ s~ y-~ 1 ~ . .~ ~ ~S ~\ I I ~~ ~~ /\ ',\ \ ' 4; ~<< -~ - y .+= .~ _ - ~~ ~ , :.~~ ' .~ - ~~I.-- , . .. 6 1 °.~ 1 ~i =,flt d; ~o~~. EEl_~ aJ f il:id ~~~ .~~ 0.1 ,rn,ii Q ~ ,E [i~li,~ i NN .~E VH„1 u I - I I ', III ` ~ ~ MCI JIU~~-~..~ yC 'I ' llfllf' w I ~~ Y !`~{3. f -~ s .~ ', .~ + ', ~ ~ . I ~°~c ., a ; N ~ .~ I ~ A I I ~ -~ 3 - s ~ I .~ o ~ I -~ YEI ~ Q ~ ~i 1, ~ {~1 ~~ ~ ~~ j ~- 9 '~ ~ ~ ~ ,~ _, ~ ~~ ~---~ ~~~~ y~~c ~ ~ _ h ~ 1 ~ ~ ^ ~' `tt ~~' - 9 '~f 12 ~ ~ • _ ~1 .~ ^~iDE ' ~ ~ , ~~~ ~, ' r h' t "Trace/Tra.ioJ1~ Pac~'~ ~b~osed p~ jec_-k' A~-e.z,~ -~. ~i 14~ ~- /, eat sever ~r.f ,~ ~.~~/ _! ~ ,~ r i 3 i 4 ~~~ •~\sdi '~ 7 0-- `. ~~ Y.~n .. nw . bn11 rt.. ~~ ~~=ee~® WYtena/s rw.r.. ~~ \' '-~'~9 S~e12w1 Alfa ``~~~ / ~IVaIer TAen 3D tf31 't ~ ~ Skeeaakb N0004M~ T 1 L °°°" "w" aeeoeleue„ ` • ' CxCeiLNe urW Uu4bb Stglac ~ / i _ ~ Sehaet aeeas ~~~.~ 4puyFpplp 8pecW Saltlhe zone ~~,~~ alybmeae saeew~,zee. ~ f4apwed Spteeve Hasa 0 ~ f ~ ~ Etlwaw~~ Water Draw~a~e- P.rea. ®M aor W 3.-f'P~ R~a~e P.vea. ~~ 1@yQ~trni ~wti1 ~..w..L i~~~Ep9 Gaul Saco A.aeetsefm. EXHIBIT MAP # SC2 ~'~a~~Tvaigh pa ~ Project Bouv~dart~. ou"YS•de, c~ Gov~Si'rA~htS ~ - Nur.- Demme toPa.l~~l~e.. ~ GrMb a~y~ S Al rea. _ i-19 ~~Q~~ x/1/92 t:XttlBiT 8 ftiwanda North Specific Plan City of QaecAo Cucaleowsa ~,l p r~-~~ ~ I ~r-~ sr~ cr~e~~el l ' ' - ~iix~9 ~ortn Channel ~ ) „ "j rB i #A 1 r-I fiis r t K, ,,. ,~"y~! ,' few ~ { n, ~ ~ '~ u,,~rnY S ~ i . r } ~ iWt~'+~? ` s~~ -'i~ ~m A ~ ~+~ -h4ti , ~/~4 ;~ m ~ ~ ~ /%>d~°f~ ~`.y_ • ~/~ "".'w' '.' .~• w a` > n € E~1Ar81td8 1 Ali !I ~~~ ~ L .,~~.x ~~ e ~ ~R~~•~Y I~ . . ~l•I~W,•~~~<i ti ~1 /AC. .r +.e~~ .t ~ to rx L t l q ...z T ">,{ .a .~ 111. .+IrJ... _.9 'y~ ~~ =~~,9 ~ a'a`~+ ,.:-, if ~ ~ fl ll-391R7 ' "~"~ +~ w • ~•~ 'twlm!r " / ~,~.fb. ~ ~ ~ fiiiF.a1, `Y^ )'~! ia1 ~ - - }~ f ., ~ ~ n)ru9 ' y ' ~1sF ,~~-). .`fi fyf=au M-~rr . ~ A ';nr r '~. f~ t ~~1e¢A~f-)~t.i~ -7 ~ ~, s.. ,.( ~~ e,.* ~ I I a, i {~ fu ~._. '} ~ . ;~>`~ •n~ a i r. A,: r~ - ~~, t>'O~.e1 Y &tia T~^ ,w yam, w~. • .T nl an izl ~~~ r ,r ~~ ~ Ili •,}.1oc.'~ .?.= f ~ ,~'r~~ ~a~m `-,,ri~ ~i•..a _ JSI~n7~ '~"i•l •4laftr i All ;1}'~~jj ~I " ,'X" I wl ua al Jif ~, fr,-~~~~-~~~~ ~ v}~(w _ r jj~~Ap'~j' ~ ~ r' - 1 A . ik.f~l' ~~ _~ ' ~-l ~ .Ip \ ~f T ~n ~, r, .r~~' 1 t } ` ~ y, : : ~..r rf~'i! i:., ~ ai~.~ ~'., ~~%" f:..ta!w,'L? {+,zi,' `7 it ~ V rj u /fit :1 ai r. - ,~I~ , ~I f ~ r ~ti - +-1 • T 6e `a A ' Yw ' y~ ~ ~ .m. ~.w+ SY:/ ~ ~ j +v a:...a`D^.5.... • A" _ 1 m F n~ u T i w' o ~xs~ 1 r tCA I I~ia r .... 1j~ i 1 '-`TF ~~ f \ ~~f3i} 711 Aw ~ ?. ' ~~ , ' ' ,__ ice. ~. 1~. . _ - ''} r'yl~rd~e~ri{mom I J.-. ~~yy'.~ /•. tom:{ '.~,y't - .C, ~I C M~iPlrlNl~ ~{~ T~wYw .r~a~n,n oi~ r4o,o o~~~~ w _ .€f;+i'~/J ~itl {~ '^ _ ems - .._•. _ ri 4 W 1 /r'~ ~ i •••+~1~„~,y }'ZAN[:H t'.UCiAMRFxiA _y 1 ~dstUg $~Rlf 1018h1(84-IM~h DJe-r~te-) ~l - _~-.~~.~..,- __. .J , _~ _ - I D Al viola. $eisr-a~G° ExxIBIT MAP # SC3 ~ zmKe p~rea. ~ ® e7o s~ a ~ ExhiClit ~*~ SCALE W FEET M e_r,,,_ . _ Fr©posed :short Term Drain~e System Plan QU181NY27.19200.4{g.g3JuXtTetnllfe~a~+.cd 13FWGYiDCU~At~ANGAT£N?ATIYE'iRACTMAPNUMBER18072 Ri ~~~ P~hel~w-s1- 1~vo j~,-1" P~e.az. ;: r ;- _~~ F,yc~~~ ~~ . ~! LEGEND _ -- '~ ~ ~ • ' - h~.w. rwvre ~ rc ~.. ®~ ra"~ N'uerwan d.ara 8ta[len MaiMp~Ra1u lilaanar Tlra 30 age ~ ~ Wr0 Gapanat ~ i i I ~ ®8hi°A01°Q wmmena • t ~ Auuviat Aeealetbn ®GPan WaeA AaoCteUan `I ~ 't ®EWtWaan0 Gu6Ma Skpae ~~~ COahIgWa MaoUatm r tr ~e~•~ AgWt-0r~Wp8 7%1el StW4e ZoM "~-~ G""°°~°°g~=~• EXHIBIT MAP # SCS * P-~sed Sphere area o oo~ so ~ I _~ ~~K~J UDC l.iw $-El.eaty~ - - P"r TrAC`1-E'cw'-k't~ ~~ .C xt s-lhr.g_~d USR- ~- w~j~- ~° Oui-s~de, o~ Crn,,.sira.rhts ~_ Go~b"f"rAlv~~ ~~ Efiwd.t.~~ Wd-{Lv Draga~ z-i9 ApppTEp 477/92 Etiwanda North Specific Plan \ ` ~`~' ~- cuy or Rancho Cutamoaga U a F~ x w EXhibit A1cbu~}-~riol2. Seisrn~c. Existing Land Use Z°"e ~ E~t-tu.mw~z. DYaihz~- ~ve.~- ~; ~~; N1a~ Wa-kv' Re.~~.~ge- ? Fir.( Flood~,.~a~ p~ ENS P ex~:~bl~ (o/Ga~w~ C~ctievts.R ~12dn,LaV1L~ U5~ ~~~~-r~ralc~~-. par-~c, PvoJ-e~.~-t- s i+~ Post vnldfire 2003 View of Richland Pmehur~ d Hande 5rM for Spun of Ne Sage Couml ~ °`~ ~ Poet xdltlflre 200J View of the Project planning area from Ne Ethvenda Creek levee Y Plato W K Stockwell 5lea (w SPat of the Sage Courval t,~ . EXHIBIT Photo #1 EXHIBIT Photo #2 Rare Plummer's Manposa Ltly at Etiwanda Fan post fire 2003 Etiwanda Fan and ENSP area have the largest remaining population m the world Photo by Kay Stockwell on 5/10/04 c/o Spud of the Sage Co unc d Post wildfire 2003 Rare Lavender Lily is found growing on the North Etlwanda fan and Is threatened by tlevelopment Protects -Tracy/ Traigh Pacific, Henderson Creek and Richland PlnehureL an«o MK si«xwen, sroa e« sv~m m s,e seas Counai i - ~~ U ,v ~ ~ ~~i LL ~{ Q ~ '~ ~ ~ d ~ ~o C p d V ~f v ~ x _' ,~'~ I '~5 ~ b _ 9 r~ i %~~ ,~,~ ~ r~ ~ ~~ ~ 'r r"Ij4l ~/i' jrr ,I~ ~ ~~~~ ~ r;1 ~,r~-, l m0` ~ ~ ~_ \ •"• ~ N ~ tf' n Y ~~~ ~ ~i~ ~ 3 >. < <c ~ 1 iAd~ o m Y ~ T ~ T~ ~ O L y o_ ~ ~~. m ~ ~ ~ , U C 111 i l0 _ ~ N O is lr L ~ a:, ~ ~ EXHIBIT Photo #3 Post fire regeneration of RAFSS with stands of rare Plummer's Mariposa Lilies at Etlwanda Fan within City ENSP area proposed for i development Photo by K Stockwell on 5/10/04 c/o Sage Council Native wildflowers are in abundance at Etlwanda since 2003 fires Clty/ i Applicant misrepresents current habitat conditions in their proposals for Annexation and Amendments to General and Specific Plans Photo by Kay Stockwell on May 10, 2004 c/o Spirit of the Sage Council ._rYm~r_.~Ip;.4s}'..\K+iihC~S'II:.Y+R: ,Y3. ...7'_., rrt.'. ~•e~7t'i~r t~v' 'v '„ '' ~r '0 2 ~ d O '_* O ~ tD ~ Q d ~ •G O Cn O n ~. ~ °c m n ..- ~~._ I ` :.. -. i ~ K o m v F m .~. ~ o a ~, In .. m n ~~ ~ m ~ z o ~ ~~ ~~ 0 d a 0 0 A EXHIBIT Photo #4 RARE Plummer i Mariposa Lilras Largest and nmst Mreatened populatbn ~ renaming N SouNern CalBOrnW oxur on lends n fJOrN EtmarMa, San BernaNmo, CA City of Raneho Cucamonga antl tleveMrpera, TracyRraigh ~ Pacab, Henderson Ceek Propertiea antl Ra:hlantl Paedn, propose to tlesfroy ' X800-acreso/800 Mat are subject or Annesatnn and ResafenWl ~ ~ I)evebpmants R,ob byk abckrrtJ for apra ernasaae Leunel ROr ' Post wildfire 2003 Etiwanda Avenue blowout from flooding of blueline stream (AKA EUwanda Middle Creek)undemtining crossing at the nexus of Tracy/Traigh Pacific and Richland Pinehurst The Ettwanda Water Drainage Area has surface and subsurface flows throughout the entire alluvial fan area. The Sierra Madre•Cucamonga seismic fault and branches causing natural underground doming of subsurface waters, along with the Red Hill faults in the Alquist Priola Seismic Study Zone that encompases approximately 80% of the Richland Pinehurst Protect site and a portion of the Tracy/Traigh Pacific Project site This blueline stream is located on USGS maps and as an Exhibit map in the NOP for Tracy/ Traigh- P2CIfIC. Photo by K Stockwell, 5/04, for Spint of the Sage Counpl r EXHIBIT Photo #5 ,~ _ ~•.= ~, F- _ x-~ °m~,~_ , ~~_ ~` v ____ ~_ ~~k ~.. ~ :.. ( .LY t' - 'a, ~ -,r ~ ,~,• - '=-'ray go-'";~r`~~-,„, P V..M~ Mwn. SeeNl. fen `~`'~* ~61g1n0 swop Area ^~^ i LEGEND S ~ i-}EN D ""~So~1 ~1'~ ® Open Space ~~ Regional Trail i~2oSEc.T ~~ •......... Community Equestrian Traq Recommendod lhldarpass Bicycle Lane is IM.t.mt - er.. of Blcycie Peth ryl P.r..pr ti.u ry OT Trail Head Is.. Ilene s.ba l O Park/SOh001 wt>rIL TD. au..no.n m.r not a cerr.ner own.a nor 1. n. bo.lbn .n..p.clll.. TI. MOlctbn of . ul. b.n 4.balan o1 . peUet.a I.tet. n..d Ilnl .My IN ..Iw1.0 or.r tbM .. IM Gry ..0 tll. BcDOOI Dl.ltlet Or a...ley IZ-33 ADOPTED 4/1/92 ~ Etiwanda North ~ Specific Plan J6~~~J~~ City of Rancho Cucamonga ~ !!r ,_, r^ , r•N I~fr'} ~~ \~\ - ~.. 'Ids J _ Spr~s - ~ ~ .~- Teekflagl ._ 1 la _ i ~ ~ VACAN7 LAND -NATIONAL FOREST AREA J t ~ 1 ,i -,- _ -.. H N r ° Lr,' ~ 1 A ut swk~ ~ ~\ ~. ` \ ~ ~ rdm n creak .""• ~ ~ 1~~,•~ ~ i~Alorae Geek -Two No es a \ ~ _ :.. ee.ra.... else - II~P,BB? ~\~i- ~ ~' ~ F:" •1 a 11x0 r•Ienl l/ {. .'.L, t: •[. - .~:~'; 6 r~ ..:FY~i... ls \ ' •-. a ~ .'•' • ;' ; }:: N ee :~ :.'. ?+'C'R~ _ : ; '• • • < ` ' ~ - r Esl eve ' =~.._~ , ~~.. ^. hr~r,n a..r rie r,. D7n1.1 r.w~tee Property WeMwely ~rmetee to Rancho CurJnpnpO Edatirq 8f~idpe Croashp /aeYMgeleaon ~_ L.vse ` IY1E~pr®IT7Y~'fR-~-•9s"r ;;~ryr 6leolr4el Tenereleebn Llee/Cpritler l-~ ~/),,~ ~- - ~ . hM9 Maur T}~n~i Ynlan Llne ~ ~ ,' COUn11~ E1ft(61 iPGF12F~1.~ _~~ L? ~~ TM 1 ~ > ~ Me1er Reeeupe am emenereaw ~ ~~ i -I ~~-`~~ ~ ~ l-FE~DE~S6~1 K1(,F4L-ANN l~ (~,T'Rsk~ls~t Pe~EU-' ~~ ~e~,-~ P~N~~ruw~r ~~l r' ilk Q TRA-c..~/ ~ crrY PP-oS~T ~ gweuo~ T2_Af ~ !~E{- ~_ - A•I,yx~YRonJ S"CREA~ M S PcNN6XJaTl DID ~ Pro~poaed SPhe-e Area oar xooa ~. oo~ Etiwanda North Specific Plan city or ADOPTED 4/1/92 Rancho Cucamonga Llna Ffre 1 I-10 Ei1w.M~ Nnn fnrHS Plrn LEGEND , 1D~D 1 L~~E D F'4PC$ I'f'~~ ~..,IrG ~* ®open space ~, GoNSFaZvATi o N EitSEMEN i at.tlon ~~ ~i RegionalTreil oW ~ ByTi-1rr. H'ABIrA't' •••....... Communlry Equestrian Treil "T"EST Fog lxSll-.D L.1 ~ Recommended Underpass r . _ Bicycle Lane Iw pw.~rnt • cl... el Bicycle Path In P.rltwq • cl... q ~ O Treil Head (M. kOIE rrle.l * Proposed SphOf6 14r9l1 ® PafklSCh001 NOTE TM .Itu on.wn n.r nor b ewr.otlr owno0 nor Lo fuiun noie I~i m~bom TM D•~tlao or o oNO b .n MWeotlon o1 c propcbc O O.v.lop r .di.ol.0 ov.r tlla. .. IM Cllr .nA IM SCMOI Dhtrlet 11 II-33 gppp~p x/1/92 ' Etiwanda North' Specific Plan cny Ot `Rancho Cucalrwnga ii '~-' r rt ~i t °,Y Y '~. ' r s~.. , ~` R- h _' j.4 ~' .I >~ 4 -S9` , ~, '-+ ~Sl. t ~ ~a r ~ ~,~ ,+ i •~ r~, S =s ~' ~F`t:~ .¢ r`; r . b+$ . ,. .Y. r ~t,_ .. . `F' r I I 1 1 r R 1 t I 1 I I Jun 03 2004 11:1DRM Law Office of Crai6 R. Sh 6197029291 p.14 T2~tc,Y ® ~ NEHu2.s-~ PRW~Et~,-r C.I~EK ~ S , T~lc~+ PSI F i e, `__ TRAt-~/ Pcti1Nt~C~j-TlorJ Legend ~~ San Bernardino County Flood Control Distnct P-1. Equestlon Park - - Annexation Boundary P-2. Trail Head Park '~~ K..« ~am"~"`~~~ Tracy Devel opment 2-6 C CCS J U ~L ~J _~ Q L ++ C U 0 0 c 0 U L c~ C L 0 ~..~.. //~ ~V U J T u22S00323 GAOert E 6 Ema M MedrM 0225-003-08 0225-08310 San Bemerdlno County Flood CoMral Oelnct OZ?`'-083-07 0225084-02 San Bamardmo County Flood Contrd D~atriG 0225-083-22 -- -- -- ---- ---- --- -, -- - Sourta eouMer EnpmeennG~ Matl~ 2~ 199e ~"OAT SEI2V~ oerol/~;-~-o _ ~oNfrE(2ypa~-~Dild 2 2 ~t 2 Y~PI 32 T #1 Z HR61TAT T~2JST f~tl9'~uR-t?'. bA~~lc"rU att,li~s +, : ~ ~ ~ ~. ~ ~ -wa,- 39 a ~ d & ~ < ~~ r 81 32 ~ 3fi I/ ~ I -I° 4 ~ c; i / ~ ° ~ } 29 ?~ 22 S ~ i I 26 5 5 ~ A 29 ~ 25 81 ~ 1 38 ~ i`~ 37 37 n 22 29 ~Slt~ 1 ,~ , ~ ^' ; • n s ae I2g x 2s zs 2 ~~ !, 6 1 ~ , S 8 1 2 29 / r~~ 8 IS Sl 12 8 ; "~ . i ~ ~ 13 13 11 ~ ~ 6 6 38 ~y . '~f' d ~~ ~ 61 3 8 n} i + 1 17 6 50 ; 1 17 1 ~ ~ 1 1 1 y ~ 87 19 ~ b ',i ~ ~ IB b~ ~ ~ `i, ~ s S 8 S6 G da 9 1 /8 S' ~8 ~ 18 0 0'16 ~ 7 6 ~ ~ ~i ~ ,a I~ ~ ~ ~ ~. .t S ~y~ 1.. 9 s 9 _ Jy 9 1 Enanda IYpNenA Prep FIOaA G~rW 7J Terkn ~ $~ ~Y k ~ 8 LanNnerR IWIa C0. TS We ES er 18 ~~m' ~~arlroe 1 So GUbmla EAeon ~`p, ~ Frae:A 17 Preeb:el 5 Gryn DwekprneM Co. _ ~ 18 ZeMa ~n 7 BmMl1 8 ~'I~blDlpn Prep 29 ~ ~~ ~NgMa Oav b E l SO $ 51 Metr~lp ~~ ~ C lerk Sl '~"rf01 ~tl s w SouWem sulWps M c'.12-K~i p a L it lakpe 12 9etWen Oa ~~- b4 JpeMp 66 Efm 19 Kgnien 94 Gerl ~ Snerq ~ 17eO19uex U LMlle 99 Co10tlrp 67 Amnenepn 16 SuMle 18 McGO. Water Wat N 9a G9L F~ 66 Mhtl InynA Empire . ~ ~~ Off. 98 l~ ppMe ~ ~1OM' eo DI brb 18 M4rafe 19 6lardare l{fp~Pnore ~ 81 Kelp 82 Gvn hvaon GuMyo/Sen BemarGnp ~ ~~ 11 ~ 65 Wetl YYW ErtWYe NAeala ^~ gro«~rp.~.ams~vn„r.sm . PrpoerlY Prerauay Arw.etl To Ram G 99 tadteU Sntea (ioeenepepl~ p wmpnpa -ane 1991 '~ ~'°p°°°d "''~ PRnPFRTV n ~~ in icn c+.., .......~~ wi n o woo saa ~ ~, 00' FFA6tTPcT -OED~c.r4-~'CD EXH/BIT 4 ~ ~rr I CANSER-~~Ttpf~ ~,~ Et' d 'fin SB ~C.1T~/OY C~UNTy ~S PrNCcE[.ES ~gl~ S_O CAt-. ~*' T2UST ~ D~Sot~l swan a Nort ~-O~ FLOOD C_p~T[z~.. Specific Plan PR.oR~st-D DEV~Pw~~ ` Amtt~l~xgTlor~l I-iz ADOPTED 4/119? Ril/C~1pIcY~t~p11E3 ibit ~ "~~ ~' Ex- Ihst y Land Use ~'-~-~p~~ 1 G'am` ~~EcT/lkY~WEXPc~noN/~P ~5P AwtEl.)DrvteNTS ("~ AED~caTED ~~~T ooe.1S~12~/I°ci ~o~ P~~.EA U St3 Coy-~.+^~ Fl.ooD c.ot~TY~a,. aiST"i2.~c.7' a~ !~ Wy ~ ~+• ~ i~}i{4' r ~~i 5~ 4 .n i l Y } w*. r„ s, c gt' ' ~~ 4 4'h ' 'C 5 .» .. ~" ~` ~. ~~' ~hy -~. r 1, k v, .;~ , :~;?~ ^' ^ `_ ~.;_ ti~. ~~ ~ti' r--" ::~. y TiM #i S J ` i r ~ y U a d E~ W S~ ~-4.<, lea w~ Exhibit - Efi~~a Auev~- Existing Land Use U~-~ho-u~"~, c~ Exhibit - ~kv~heac"d.~l~ '~o PoSa~ s Existing Land Use -r~ccyh"w~~~ ~; Vi~-R~c~~av~.c4 ~O {-~P~de~o-r1 EXHIBIT MAP # SC8 r , ~,,, , Fron! Line Fire Road \ ~ ,VACANT LAND - NA7 ,/. t t ~ ~ ~ _ ~ .- as ,. _ - - rvr ! lip Sp~s_ BOp .. Eid-21^_,1~q1 rp.~ seli~DaAt _,~ _= '~} -Two Ho s_a\an Ba +-\ \~ a ! ; `e ~ `Ranger Station Site ' ~r , " ~ ~1 r 4 Exieting ~~ -~~ _ _ ~~.~. s1Y ~ ru a .. ®Indceles Properly PreMOUaly Mnsaee b pencno Cucenwlge ICY ~( ExlaUnp aryge poaayp t~ ,, (~ (~ - }. p ~ ~ ,, ~aeiMrY Blanan ~~, lwae ~ R~~l~l~dl T1rD 1GC-1 Kra .;~tryr 6Uebbel Tronewleebn LUe/Cerriew ~/b ~S~ V - - . _ ~ MWD yeaNr Tranam4alon LMe l~V'~/~/ ~,~1 ~~ _ L ^Is~ t'~. ~-1 c ~ Me1or Reoau ane OrountlwNer n~ 1 ~ -~ r ' ~/o~¢c9 ~,,~~~,+,'~, - P~~Sec~ ~Propoaad SpfNtre Area EXHIBIT MAP # SC9 Etiwanda North Specific Plan / city of ~ ADOPTED 4/1/92 Raecho Cucamonga I-10 irdmbn Creek ._.-Iitorae Creek CIS ~ ,.,I ~ ~, ~~ i r ,~^, . Front line Fire Road ,VACA ND_ -NATIONAL FOREST AREA r , - ~^ / /~ ~ pripgf `- • ^ lq n Creek + ~ 1 ~ i s'Y f`" ~ ,: ~~~~ /~// '/ ~~ .8 ~. ` ~ ` t • ~ ~ rd ~~ores Creek r,,, ~ ~p - Spa-~ i/% / ,~o/ ~ i% ~ ~ddtl F,x~~l Ou1bBuJlding ~ ~ / ~•- ~ / ` ~ :s Reeldenoee ' pa selc Da~t- i t/~~ //~/ /~ ~No a en , / \ ... I Y ! , L° ~/~Ra r StritiOn'Slte_ ice- ~ ~ r~ I Iy ~ , _ ~_ ~' // ///..' - ••'._ `.. ~ . \ ~ 111 f-} ..s- I ~i - ~ eve • i _ ,,. ~.., , , :~" 2 :4: ~ ~ ! ~ J "a I • '' 4 . . E. c ..~ + • 'h - i~', - + - r.r~. •a~.nn~earryt n,• ®Illdcelee Properly PreNOUey Mne.atl to Reaaeo CuCe~mipe OeeMq eMUen ZL EalntNrp &Wpe Croawp -.~ Lwae /' I~y / ~1'p ~~l ab l' , `I' atrbN TlenewNeebn LNe/CwHesr r.i.~ti~ /~~ / ~e ~ ~~ ~ f ^i~- I `- i r ~ I { ~ y tn MWD NFadr Trenemirelon Une ~j ~ ~ (J ~ ~ 1 ' - lai~ Meior aeoeeree Aru Oroaaawapr L~,~S A..4~.X,Q,~ "t'O Cy`T"t /"~r r ~i tl, I ,' i ~ ' 1 I -I ~ J ~' (/t'f'y 2n..d l-lei•rlevsrn'~ a ~~ Cs c.t,,,~ ~,,,,Q ~ S P r o P o~ ~ I ~ ~ , ~ ~ ~ ~' at'•cb ~~sy~- a ~o,~ • P`"y`eaca.-ka~. P~rea.., eca~vL~m r ~ _ o II~ ~~ :, Ir u00 Proje{.:t- lay.~lls ~''°~ w {7 ~vs'3-F -49 leaves -}n 1~¢.x-e iebt -b g ~ r v ~FG~C.ov~Se~~'tcrn east' ~f''°p°°°~ A~ S ~ C.oLZancr..Q ETI G CONDiT/ONS AND USES 000' 20 ~ Q Itabi-Fat Ti-u.st EXNI8IT Na.-{'~ca-e c_,~ Etiwanda North Specific Plan OD Co~L.vc1~ Haaol~~ __ Yrrsev/er - IJov~ E-f'iwi~.Va. J EXHIBIT MAP # SC 10 ' Gey et ADOPTED 4/1/92 Reecho Cucamonga I-10 Gtr F~wposed ~voJec.1' ~~ 3 9 ,, ~ ;r I eay ~rera y slwr ei.. , ~_ _ I,~. i -n /~r~' ~~ j~ ,- ~ ':ti {'~ ~ 4 ``i~ - , ~ _ ~~r:~- - ^ ~~ IEGENO Fn..ne. nvrn ~... r - II 1 /, - ~-~."' ice' ' ~' ~ ' ~~: -- ~= ~' • ~ ~rstaharp. Ma Orsalp Tnan~~S> ~ ®Str.amuoe NEO~arM T ®Opan Nhan ~saoc4tbn ' Ir ®EaC..WV. am6lbglaale Srap.• S.amb kY. a•~ ~qusl-0rbb Special SlWMS Iona •~~~. Gry AtloWaA SpecW SWOy tons .~ ~`~i f - ~~~ Wrtl GUpanal Ailwul a.ietkfbn ~~ G34til $aaa KfOCliaarl ._.....,aa..rv,r~nr ~~p~~ Ct-hr proposed ProJe~.t' Si~k"e~ EXHIBIT g~ ~ 300- 2..Cx-~ pcvv-t2Xa,~{-lovt w~-h, Etiwanda North Ef'iw ASP ~ev~dt~el-.t' Specific Pian R~ei da Drathage ',~~ ~sivathedl I,ahd -- ~ m2~,~1'or Wc1t'e.Y ~ ` t2~dYge, f,,,rta . Ccw~+t~ Mood' Cavdtial~Cov~Sevv.~"to ~- J I-19 Cily of ADOPTED 4/1192 Rancho cocamonga ~~~ 7 --i -- ~~--~9 i ,r_ F.xistlng Sham! Drain (f34-inch Diameter) li ~~~ I~` r , glUe~lr~u. ;i., ~ i Al~i.~sk' viola. Seismt'c '~ ~--~ Z~vte. pcrea. ,filcisting Storm Channel ~~35'-wide Storm Channel ~i - ~ ~ ~. *+ ` R` a~p~ea.+ 1 ~n u `G ri-e"jl'rr n ~` rr , i~ aM ~~ 'J4`•4 '~ +L' rn ' ~ j rimer r' •T Y..`Pt~ srr %'~ ~~ v k ,.k' ~„~ w~ ~r 4 l mac ,. >- . .. >.r ' 4~ r ~. ~v,Yr ;,; ~~~ 0~, ~M eaw 1 , A ti • ^ 3 ~ Y rt1 ~'', '^' ~ ..c n ~ ,~ ~j niY>n v+ ~l _ rie ~.~ r: ~ . P~~S~~ rt~J~l rah .,, .~ ,.. t)92fNtiixiull r - ~~ w,le >. S^ ?~ .n ~i)GI{I ~~ ~ F '~~'d ~ a~ ~ no N~ ~ C`~` icr ~ + „ irr is 3 ~ V na d " ny \ ~/' W i ~. YIIYIYi -' EtRSO! WP Spreading Basin .t 21 ... r 1- j r r ~f^' ~~ 1 ~ J~~~ .~~`,~ . ~k r ~ 1 '~ , 1 ~ ~ li ~.: i Iw ~ i ~I, ti W~~ ~ ~ ~'l~ L r. ~ ~ c ~ , .- ~ ~ Sa~Q'KF M ~ ~ T~7 , ~ <~ r ~ ~~ ~ ~ ~ ° ~ 11 4}- j l ll. ~ - { i r ~ ° °' ` ~; '~''e~`""'`'~ li `'t ~ t.1Rt~tfli(sfl~ ~ '1pFx r' n r n» I o a I n, to o n I f ~' rA=.'`~ m~ a t'~6AulC1 AS ~ i __ ,r....`i.eruc'2~~' .+A.+r',",' ~ ~ u r' Yr tiy~ >`~, e, 2GA9^I'~' A ~,! .ae., Lv..-~^w..+ coca.` °°s~° i ~,(`~N .s sa oP+s +LLL Sr ~ ~~ i _ ~~• ..~__ ~ft~y,U(_f~ i Uf;AMUt~,A +y~„ ~ t f ,, , ~ ~- r l..i _, z .70 ~ ~ "" Exnihit 3-~ ~~~ - SCALE IN FEET Mf~a~~IWJn~~~~LL~~..~~IAL~,n~ __ g~~~ os~cf Short Term Drainage System Plan f7UtUUU27 • y S/2603 i ;i-q_{}apoxnq 5lwri Tenn Drulrlagu cdr .`~r'WC110 CUCAdtONGA TENTATIVE TRACT MAP NUMBER 18072 R,«~av~d P~v,e,H.~ws~" ~-oJ~ev1' P<ve.oZ. "`i~~ L i ~//- __-~ ~~ ` erWepr 61Wy bai ~ _ ' ~• \ ~~~ ~ ~ ~' ~~ / L • ;~, ~~ :~ ~. 3 ~fy':;:~ {:_. ..i~:r':tiv ~ yam- _ :._ :•.t4:i•:• i/ ii' ~ .; est.... i~ .• '=~ ~~~ ~ - -ate - ~ '~: _, _ ~ ~ ~ .: J~ ~"`~ _ -- '~~ _'~~' _ ~t3 ~ _ '_ ,r :}~~_...: j, it 1~ ~~~ ~ ~ /~~ ~~ ll..rnJr Mv1~ Ler11 ry ®'K i N-eusa...r " w~_ IEGENq ~~ase_ Waterarays Wtor RseAarae Mes Ot~ T SO CFS> ® Sbwaebe woo04n0 ® Opan WaM Aesotklbn ® EwaWe an0 tlna4tla Sbpss Sauofc Msaa ~~~~ Alawsl-0rbb Special SiWls6loM ~~~~ Gy MOpleogWWl9luoi Ions __ ~-~ if ~~~ 11aN Gaparral Aliwtal Asaoefatbn ~ ~~ Costal Saye Msorlatsm I"_~~ ,,,Y~e 1.~~-e. S-twa.w~ __~,r Trau,i E>Cklkrvl' Exi s-l~'1..~ 1.3n~d Us.~ . PvoJ~-{- ~,,,_ `,,_, EXHIBIT 8 """~^O~"'~ Etiwanda North (7uts~d~, o~ [~S~y~~~ Specific Plan ~ ~ ~ Coh b't"rdl V~~ I_ T~ J ~4+ f ;~ ~'~`IW~.~,LZ l.t)d.~CX .VydlVl~ City of '- ~ I-19 A~p'r~ ~/92 Rancho Cucamonga ~'V acL~ /Tra,~oJ~, Pac~'c. t~l•o~osed Pro je~-t- A-Y~,i~ ,. .,~ , z=. Y 3 0 9 c~qt `~$.~ ~•= "_~`x- j ~- ~-.:-~` ./~ ,' ~,/ I r: ~i .- , • .,~ ~, i 1=;~ ~~ ~ _. iSL.: M<~_k'. p~. l.. ._.~_~/ ~ ~l;_ ~ __ a--'--' I ~*~ ~y 1 / .-.,~_~-- L LEGEND y-~-~--.__... __ tT _y/ M. J: xe nyl~lir n.. ~~. ~_ecaq~ Wate.q~ 3'tNrry Slnibn ___._... .. ~ ~~ ~~ V i ' I I ( ~. I 1 , • ~ ' IAaNr Rltturyl ,yv ,,.'„~.'~,. tRaCnarpl lirealp T~I^SI ~~ Ste4Takb MboEfMa ~\\~~~~ wW~111117 --- ~OIn WaM AIIaCFat1011 • ~_ \ ~~~~ `~j~ Ettwa.vtd~ Water DYa,v~a~~ /~re~. n M aor W a.-4-FX ~- J R~~e ftv'e~ ~ ~ r ` ~ , [FCrcGvo 41 K1 UnaUbb 9t»p¢s sewu+k klas ~ ~I~m AtWSITNOb SpICYt ShgM12txw ~ma~ GtY ~booteA Special 3tuo/2m1 . ` l}l~ ~' ~i . ~.:: fr ~,3: -` . tR~~~~ - o~~ Itrati~yultl,l AltVrul A/lpchtlon t ~SII Cmtut 9aac Au~latnn . - ..__~..~T : ~_= . - a • Y I III 7I EXHIBIT B 'fvac~~Tvd,gh pa~G Etiwanda IVo tr h Pro~ec,'1" 8ow~~a Specific Plan ours•de ~' Cohstraihts ~-\ ' ~ Navy - De~e.top abl-~ J~4' CLY,,b dLN S Ptree'Z aq or ~ i-19 A®OpTED 4/1/92 wecap cucatnalsa 31ft i ~ -~ ~ - ~ „ frE, '- r _ -- ~ i.a[. 9 ~ u i t- - ~ t, ~ [[~ 6xtGi ~ ~. ~ c !. a.t.lt E 9 F~iS Seiii _i '..:7 1 ~~ / \~~, . 1i ^'Lti. ` E ~ ~ is 'din `i:?i~l;it 1[ Itt{li~ ~y t I ' ~I 3 ~ if ~ t~, i1;il; ; i~~~~ ~~ .~ ~i , L . i ' ~~ r -- 7 \ e t -I r• 11 ~ ~ . ' t~ . t II ~~ Y_ ~ ~G~J t' ( I 1 _ ~ ~ ' ~ s.r~ .~~. ~ ~ ~. ~ 1 -' "'~ Iii \ - ~ ~ • _ ~ Jy F~J ~ ._~ `'~,~ ~ I - ~ ~ 1164441 _ ~ ~ S ~ PY. w x. .• .- ~ I' -- x, _ .,_ _~ ... .. [~ Exhibit Aic~u.~si-Priola Seisrn~c. Existing Land Use zo"e ~~~ ~E~tu~Aa. DYai~z~- lea- `~ ^~ Ma~av wa-k~ p.,eclr~je. Fv.( Floodv~a~ p~ ENS P EX1~.~blT fo/Gcxw~ C~Nevts.R ~t ta.~n,l~vl~ tY,~ ~r~~~T~a.ic~~^ Pdr~-tc, t~voJ-ecf Si~"2, JUN~06-2004 09:44 PM SRGE. COUNC IL+SE+~OFFICE 910 947 5091 P. 11 Tti.l. c, s L~~~Q t'~a,_ ~- y ~ v t,~_ y~ ~ ~- ~~' S C~c.~„re Ptati.. l~ tu1.e.., ul~.v~ cy....,p~.A.,.~ G 1-rS-p t?Y~~~tb '~ ate, to ~TS Pr ~Ld-]e,.~ l~ ~~ ~~ ~~(~~~~~ nf~ ~ Kw~~ 2 r I', ~~ wvo•v ® Eatele gealdentlel o-, ov.yec (Etlwanda Speclllc PIaN Vary Low <x Du'syAG Low ar ou'unc LM Low Msdlum .-e DuvAc FL/UC Flood Control/Utlllfy Corridor NeiphboMood Commercial HIII61deRgel0enf01 fW•i0uus•ti•..n E Exlatinp Schools oa open spaoe © Acquired Park Bl1s OP PropoeetlPakBlteport rn•.uu.nownm.rn.,Wwrr.nuy.rn,tn•rr,n. ~..•Ilsn .IN •W.IIh rM tl•elell•n.1 ..IN p .n IMUllsn el . pWgbe 1.1Yn nu0 In•I Try r .yu•be e.v nw• a m• Cny me IM elMa ab1^u A•.M.e :ITY OF RANCHO CUCAMONra EXHIBIT 5 EUwanda North Specific Plan c,]y et I-14 DRAFT as^tkoCUCamon6a~ JUN~08-2004 09:45 PM SAGE. COUNCILmSEmOFF ICE 910 947 5091 P. I2 '/~-~~C. I ACV UfK. ~~ ~~~ - Eltvl-Ithz~~ P~~~ IJ~NI~b~VI'~ ~'w _ ~~~ar ECIEND' Iptp NVmerkal rtl/ren0l laa.lrlu TI lend ip Eeelpnellon npnuntl ellewetle CNIIIIy N TINTUm plrMl IIYI. ~YICWny P11Mau1ry AMIMIC 10 Renpno CY4Tpr1Q1 IW Floodwey N Inetltutlonal +D Ptpnn9d D9uPI0Dment IS Single Reeldentlel IN) Interred Inetltutlonsl Dsslgnetlon PD 1/IO = 1 DUMO ACREB Pb 1/10 = 1 DU110 ACREB PD 1/2 6 ~ 1 DU/2.6 ACREB PO 1/1 ~ 1 DUl1 ACRE PD 2l1 ~ 2 DUIt ACRE PD J/1 ~ J DUl1 ACRE PO •/1 ~ 4 DU/1 ACRE RS 20M ~ 20,000 80. FT. MIN, LOT 61ZE SAN BERNARD/NO COUNTY _GENERAL PLAN LAND USE EX r-is ADOPTED 4/1/92 ' Eliwanda North S//pecific Plan ysA~ cNy of ~ Rancho cwcallwnga , JUNr06-2004 09:41 PM SRGE. COUNCIL+SEmOFF ICE 910 947 5091 1 /J" ~T N I~ i y 1 ' a M M ~ ` ~ 4,~ ~ ~ _ j I A a-~~" ~~, 4 _ ~ ~ i ~ ~ ~ - _ _ I. - - ~^ ~ _ ~ - .- ue~--- l.. ~ I `1 ~ ~Y .~ ..n. w. n AA,•°r •ryw, ®~' LEGEND Mala Vlewen.a uala VIM M Nlmr New ooooo~ Yl.w A:.,,Iay, P. 05 I I I ~~ / ~ ~ ~~~I I~~~ f 11~V ~[.y,~l/ ~e AV'1 ~ lam, Y.'__ ~rl ~rn- V 1 ~ SI^e~ " ~~°° Etiwanda North Specific Plan cny o~ =-18 ADOPTEb 411/92 Rancho Cocsmon6a JUN-,06-2004 09:45 PM SRGE. COUNC IL~«SE+~OFFICE ~ P " Pvu~ee~ ~'' ~~ 3,tc-t~~ d.~•c_ ~t C~~ EIS (' ~~' c2.«.~ ,_ d-e.~~ Csv~e.vtrzr~t,~w ~ Gm.~.,,t-~ OS ~ - 0 ~ ~~ vcf 910 947 5091 P_13 Q z-s T ' Etiwanda North Specific Plan a~~ ar `Rancho Cucunonsa ~ JUN~OB-2004 09:39 PM SAGE. COUNC IL•r•SE+•OFFICE ~'~1.~.~ v C.WL~ 1~'Vl S , l~"~l~ ~kLViC Cr~UVlf~evf 'jYdk,~ Pw ~-e ~' 15 Y~ (~JW~ P ~ 1 ~ l``'b~ `~i~u5 ~1.SSP~a~r ~h ~ 1 I `~ 910 947 5091 P. 02 .^..^^ Spenal Dlvlded Seeondary Anerl9l WYan Arma (qel al Dey CreeY Bha Secondary Artarlel •VNeen Arena •crYwnae Avenue Wnken Avma 'UDWI ay Drak eoulrvuE SMrry Armue ~~~. QO~IOCfef •Bmpn elms •rWMulp Avenue VlMepe DrA+ •VArOrMn BuepDY noe0 •eummlt Av^We •Eat Menus 8m Mvelne -0lner Loan shale C/RCULATION PLAN Etiwanda Norlh Specific Plan city of II-3s •ADOPTEbg/1/92 RancAocunmonae LEGEND (~ 1 y~ /'~~~~-~'l~ PI "} (/~ ~e~ MeioY Drvlded AY16r161 Al Typlcel Section lit 1. +Qh' ~ WYGNY IaWwerO JUN ;OB-2004 09:41 PM SfiGE. COUNCIL+SEY~OFFICE ~ ' ~ ~~2~ Y ~' ~~ V'r `IT,II ~ J~.~ I ~~ ~~S -fit~.cVVYY~-c~ os ~ Ptie~ev~. -fl-tT I a,v.c~S - ~u1nA.~~ NjG,h~~Sl ~1a~ '' Nei$~'l~ad" ~s cy~ Ica.r FFlotk:Q ~~~' -, cleno Ca GmM.. ~ EYCaIryIY. WINrn 7ld C.n.ry bbM Mn.IMOm Sm GYremb w~e.mN.uwb.M.n WNo °.w7 GM~^ a+. OM/GNtsrnl. RMI Gw .~ GNLwN. a/um.n/Glq.n UN O.1 R.apYC/RIII<M aYm.• tpR RN Rua/Rr.llWp ~N//Crq. Np1Y wN C.IllarnY 1.Im 910 947 5091 P. 06 n. ORRH WxNnn..o N .Nnn«1to q mla 1wuu.. .M1 .N IxnYn .IN C../.n lln O.N n. CwrMY. Il.t. .....N ..t«n..I CNIYY. w.lw. i..ITIWAYOA NIONIAYDR b11.N.MO.Y .. uruu .r nn. «n. .nviN n. raouu .In 0Y«Y. .n..aH n. • n..n wwN. N. u.Pn N xnN.x. .IN .u cnn .rnl. •• iN OAY ORRRK .a11..r..N .m N Iw.owW. q un.. x.l. wN. ulrb tN .Nn.I. .nx w.uY. MMI a an4N .N.t w .....I..1 pwnw.Y .r..Yw.. s.r e.N..M..YI ..I YN.r. ...111 C.YNw 1.... ..1 GNn.W NM n. Y.. n111 .N V/~G RTI WAMOA ..Y..wuu .n .. w.rnaNU .r 4ww wl n.N ..uY. w ru.bn rIP wuyq bl.n NI C.rrl YI.N . W .N ....M. .I .I..I..E rNl M/ I.IN... .NN. IIN. M CYA.IaT Y.IIx.«NN .m w txu«Y1n.. xr Nno x.u nl..Yn..nE .M1.««. .nx 11.11.. CM.1.1. •/yMwN NI E.nr.x l~n O.Y ..I N.N11 .I w..1.1. 111M. x0\. OORCO rlgall M1ln. p1nYN.« ON.xNI NE/GHBORHOOD THEME PLAN EXHIBIT B II-13 ADOPTED 4/1/92 Etiwanda North Specific Plan 0'E8 Gtr of R^ncAo CYeallron6a JUNT05-2004 03:54 qM SAGE. COUNCI L+~SE~OFFICE 910 947 5091 P. 01 ORDINANCE N0. 492 .- AN OADIIa1tkE OF THE CTfY CI7IArCII, OF 'A$ CITY OF pANC}Ip CUCAM~'aA, ~~Ar APPAWIW: SPDCIFTC PLAN 90-01, THE EIZrW~q NCriaH SPDCIFIC PLAN A. B~s..ik~16• (i) On J1aw 2s, Oetober 9, November 13, J~'a ~ ry 22, and Fdavary reoommarded adoptiont? to as the 'Plan." and oontifued to Jkly 24, August 14, Sepkettiber 11, ]eoecnber 11, and De~oembar 17, 1991, and January 8, 26, 1 ~2, the Plate cOi~ of the City of ed dal rlotioed a Etir~anda Ncrcth specific Plen, he~sear+alrelerr~ed (ii) on Ap¢'i1 1, 1992, the City Council o! the City o! Rancho ~4ramltttla Deducted n duly noticed public hearing omoernynq the adoption of (iii) 'rile Plan oalprisea app¢mcimately 6,850 acxes located generally rmrth of Wilson Avenue (with a portion earth of Hi~tlnnd Ate,»), ~~ oP Lhe Naticnel Fozest (with portion within the National Forest), east of the extension of Milliken Avenue, and rest of the City limit oP the City of Fontana, all ~ raferenoed in the Ierd Use Map, DQ-ibit 17, of the Plan. (iv) Q~ file in the City Clerk's olliaa, and irloarpoiatad herein try this rafP,=••"•, iB a loll, true, and pxzecrt __ Dopy of the Plan. (iv) All legal ~c+eraquieites priar io the adoption of this Ordinates have ocasred. B. g'SiIO~, NCW, 1tB'IiEF~tE, the City cv~unil of the City of Astrllo Cucamoc~ga does hereby find, determine, aT1d octiain u follows: ~~1. In all raspe~-ts es set forth in Recitals, part A, of this 2. Prior to the adoption of this Ossliianoe, this Council ties reviewed the Find t]nriraraaental Iapact pep,art far the Plan std General Plan 90-03B end aertilied the Report, includitg adoption of a Stat~nent of Overriding Ganideration, in ampliarce with the California Frvircv~ntal Quality Act of 1970, u amended, and the C~idelirgs pl~xulgaked therewder. 3. Prlar to the adoption of this Otdinanoe, this pxa1c11 has adopted Getrxal Plan AmerYiment No. 90-038. 4. This Qxunil hereby finds that the Plan has been draftQd to include, in text and aoou~anyinq diagrams, all of the information av follows: a. The distribution, location, and extent of the land asps, inoludirg open epaoa, within the area arvered by the P1M; atld JUN-05-2004 03:55 AM OL'dlllat7pe No. 49] Pegs 2 SAGE. COUNCILrtSE+~OFFICE of tnijor oatponsrits~ o 4lstributron, public std private drainage, solid waste disposal, energy, end proposed to be located within the area of the land uses described in the Plan; and 910 947 5091 p, 02 location, extallt, and ~~i~ otherother easerntio~ sewage, water, Plan and needed ~ ~e Por land uses within Ctleard standards tat ttacll develdpnertt will pznosed std utilization oP rlatlaal reeaux~,ae azlaervatim' ~"'e1a~'~+rt Plan; std wllera applicable, within the arse of the d. A deecxiptirn o! tha iaplemetftatian meema~es, 1Mlyd,i~ regu]atia~ns, pzti:g~:-ams, Public wanks Prvjeeta, and financing measures within the area of Ltfe~Planoro zeterettc®d in a<ibpar~-ate a, b, and c 5• ~ti.s Council hatvtrf adopts Specilic Plan 90-01, the Ftiwerda North Specific Plan, on Pile in the City Clerk~a office end herein by this raissanoe, subject to each and every molted mea~ set Pow, in full, in the "ktiwarde North Specific Plan Nit.i~tiah itxt Plan" attac3ted berets and ilnoxporatea heroin by this rafer~ne. 6 • 'lZfe Nays stall sign std the City Clerk shall oerT.ity es to the adclltlon of this Ordirurrx eni shall cause the saws to be published within Piftean (ls) days alter its passage at least ono in ttw ~~ ~aa and elswlaot®dt~hecCi~ty pP Ra ~~ ~ t~ City of Ortarlo, ~. Calitcu-tt,ia. PASSED, APPFd]VID, and ACOFl'ID this 1Sth day o! April, 1992. AYES: Ale>mrder, Btr,?Ilet, ytatt, Williams NOPSt !tone At1SFS77P: Wright L. Stout, Maylu 1 J• City Clerk JVN-05-2004 83:55 AM SAGE. COUNCIL+SE~OFFICE 910 947 5091 P. 03 ..••..... a,.t •a. Page ~ I, OF]~YiA J. AL1AhLS, CITY CC,FSSd(( of the City of Rancho Qlcam~t~ga, . Calircania, do hereby cgrtity flat the foregoing ordinanoa was introduced at a regular meettllq of the cxwicil of tha Clty oP Ralldio c~ycamo~x3a held on the 1st Council ~ithe City of pro orally Passed at a regular meeting of the City Cucarrat3a held on tllm 15th ddy ' p April, 1992. ~~~iE~wclltd this 16th day oL April, 1992, at Fatxdto 41cangnga, ~~ J• ~, City Clerk JUN,05-2004 03:38 AM SRGE. COUNCIL+SE+•OFFICE 910 947 5091 P. 01 RFSOLLIITON NO. 92-092 A RFSOILIl'ION OF 7HE CITY COCRJCZL OF 'I4{E CITY OF RANCf9J CUC74M~R3A, CALIFORPTIA, CFItTIFYING TF~ FINAI. IIJVIRONlgT1fAL 17+~ACT RFS~O~iT FOR 'IFS EI'IWANJD.4 NORM SPDCIFIC FLAN AND ADOPPING THE SfATII+Q~SIT OF OVF7atIDING CC7NSIDF72ATIONS A. Recitals. (i) 'There has been presented to this Cblunil, in oon7unction with this Council's consideration of the reoonmierded adoption of the Etiwarda North Specific Plan, a Final FJwironmental pact Report. (11) 'The Final Fllvirorm~ental ~rt Repcst referred to in Chia Resolution consists of that docamient dated May 1991, entitled °DL'aft @rviran- mental Impact Report Por the Etiwarda North Specific Plan," together with the draft Final F}rvirorvrental I~ect report dated Sept®obPS 11, 1991, including written garments on ttie draft EIR and written responses thereto aukanltted by staff of the City of Rancho Cucarronga, and testimony presented during the hearings on the reoarmrerdsi adoption of the said Specific Plan insofar as that testimony pertained to the ernironmental matters, aa. well as the revised executive sumrezy, including revisions to mitigations measures, as well as the mitigation monitoriJg plan arri a Statement of Overriding Oonsiderationa. Hereinafter, the above-referenced doamients will be referred to as the "Final Fhvironmental Impact Report." 'Ltle entirety of the Final Drvirornrental Fact Report is on file in the City Clerk's office and is hereby uloorporated in this Resolution by this reference. (iii) All legal prerequisites prior to the adoption of this Resolution have occurred. B. Resolution. NOW, 7figtf~tE, the City Council of the City of Rancho Cucamonga does hereby find, detatmins, and resolve as follows: I. 'Ihe City Council of the City of Rancho CUCalronga does hereby take the following actions with respect to the Final F7rvironmental Report: a. Certify that the Final IIrvlrormrental IItpact Report has been prepared on the Etiwarda North Specific Plan in aocordanoe with the provisions of the California F2ivironmerrtal Quality Act, California Public Resatroes Code Sections 21000 et seq. and with the regulatioars prarulgated thereunder. Further, that the Cowicil certifies that it has oaieidered the contents of the Final F}rviro~ranental irpact Report in considernng the adoption of the Etiwarda North Specific Plan; b. FltXl that the Final F]rvirormiental Fact Report does identify physical ernirormental impacts inherent in the project and that ~~ or alterations have been incorporated in the project which mitigate or avoid all significant environmental effects thereof other than as follows: d° ~eP 3St ~ vo PTatl TTxtnoJ ,{~FJ PTes QoR7 otraued do ~p ~ do LT~ooJ 'Passed ~TtiP 9en uoT3nT~tf blrfobatoi eye 'abuaueJnj aTouati 30 ~TJ ~ ;o HiII'IJ do Exc?aaaw ieTn6a~ a ~e ze6usoTtidtl ~rJ ~ ~ Pa'aclope P~ Fpanoiddp ~~ ~dT~ ~4ax'sy op 'eTvioiTTeJ A.LIJ ' SI+11iW ' f tl2i~34 ' I ~TJ ~TJ 'su • f B .zo.Cnly '~tlo~s "I sjuuap ~~T~M :,7xdSAtl auoN ~ 53Ck! s~TTiTM '~~ 'zanExlg 'saP~TV ~Si,(tl Z66i 'TTid'd io .tep asT sTV3 Q3Jdornt Fue 'Q3A~Irld'¢r 'QiSS7d UOTInTosad sTV3 ;o uoT3doPB a43 0~ ~ir~ TTQ4s X~TJ ~TJ ate, •a~raraiaz sry~ hq uTaaat{ paaezodz PuQ o3aaatl pa~e~}Q „'tln ~T4TWCi uT mod aas ~e~ oa uuod Ter;tte~sgns uT ~°T3eieprsuoJ 6u'Fprzzanp 30 ;u'~3e7s a 30 dope 'sanT~yeu~-adTe ~a~osd Ple saznseaW uor~ebT~T~ ~ PaPT~e aQ J~Tq-Fsea3 3ouuQO tAr~{n ~rodag 3o~:I T~vaiaiozTn~4 Ta+T3 a~ uT PBT3r3~Pr s3oec3vr aso~ o~ stl 'P P~ 1~aCozd a4~ 3o T~ordde TTxn~ and s?seq CxtrpTzravo u¢ sa~rLlT~oo pue }~odad ~aedu~ T¢~vaun~ozTnu3 T~T3 P~ oTue~u°oa oror anT~~a3T4 ~~oid ~{ue eTgrsva~rr exeu~ cvoT~p~PTsuoo TeToos -~mzTnua 3T~ aat~ anoQe u4~~ rldeibernd irF PaTdT~1e a~ed¢r ea:enPe P~~T;tvam atla buTpuv'~sy~Tn~ou aetp PVT3 •o Teauaw ~ e , do sas>2 et o3 chI sa TTan~ ~ ~~~ TT~P LSt ~(Taaeu~rxo~dde do ~uaixi°Tarap TTrdPUeT tm ~ TT°9 30 ~insei a se d~Toedeo ~nduT ue uTsuta~ TTTn B~TJ 'swTay~xanaN •aw~bo~d uoT~ezruRunu a~sero ~rJ uc a~arlT°r~'ntd o~ ~°T;TP+oo s4 TTTn eatr~TT~e }oaCosd :ads ~9 TTrn ~snp uot~-mzasuoo Z~3:~ u¢UUrxpuc a47 0; a^T~T~1T axtTs.x oz suor~ ~ iTTM s~ueorTddv ~~o=d E abed Z60-26 'oN uor~nTosad '.rct~op aueos aeaTa4~snaN 'eTgcsead uoTsuoo Etrtmp lsnp e aueuoTdwr oa PawT~TWoo CL ZB'd I60S Lb6 0[6 30IddOw35~«l1 ONn00'3`~t]S W7 6£=£0 4002-SB'-NfIC sauvmvvav uoTavnivvuoo vosnovvs 'vT4TsvvJ 3uv;xv mnmFFxvm vya oa .avyasn„i[ •vovdv uvdo vv pvuSvae~ vq TTvYv atn*l vbuomvon~ vya 3o Vouvsq u~vyasou vya io yasou puv 6oq vy; io ~(aTuTaTn ava uS °°sav sn puv 'ywR vutvAVg uv8 'yvvw xvvs~ vpuvwTaB 'yvvw x.v~ dvQ uj ;v3TgvY quo/ u/i t/TA~TTv avVa puv vovdv uvdo ^v Wavubjvvp vq Ttvyv vvaor 199'9 a/y; PvPuvauT vS 3I •avoT ata-R°V gtuo/ uvi T•TAnTTv io vsov T =oi avaTgvV qn~o^ vaJ tvSAnTty io vsov t vntv/v:d o; pvuoSaxpuoo vq tT44v auvmdotvnvp soi nuvojTddY e 'vavaTgvV viTTpt~w buTuTvmv= vya auvobvsi puv d;T/ivATD pua ~taT/uvQ vitTPTTw vajv-uo yv w v , ~1 \ \~y- Yt~Q ~\[~nD°u~ °o~hQ/°p v '=°~7^"~ '1Y-FVoT°A°p TvTauvpS/vs =oi pv;vubS/vp ICtvnoSAV=d /vw goTVw io not;sod 6 'aTnv,~ vbuouvon~ vya io yovv=q uavya~ou vq; io t~.tou pua 04 °V3 30 ~aTutoTw °Va uT vvaov ift ~TvavmTxoaQdv butpntouT 'vuoSavubSvvp vvn pout vovdv uvdo uS uSvRVS tTSw wsov Le9'9 io t/aoa Y •vvx4 ;ov~0[d vya soi vntvA ;vaTgvV vVa uzTmSxvm TTvVv VoTVw vovd/ uvdo io v»so vtgF/wivp 'vb~vT Tvav.z oa pvu6Svvp vt aov~oad vyy : buvpteTTTV °Va io /uoja[od puv uvi TvSnnTTV vya io =vaovzvya SavTxv vya ~itDom TTtw pxov LTt'C utyatw auvadotvnvp ao= 6uSpvsb '/vvtvy;xvnvN •vovdv uvdo /v pvnsvsvsd vq TTvy° 'PvaaooT vT vaTv uoTasae v;T,~ vojn=vB ;vv=oi •B'A oT=oavTq vya vsvyw 'TTo~I auvuTRO[d vya o/Tr( •vpxvpuvag auvmdoTvnvO '~aTJ Duo vouvvTPSO auv=dotvnva vpT°TTTH °Va VaSw ,tTdmoa iTvVv auvmdotvAVp soi /auaoTtddY : uvnv sn~oo 'uoTa*btaFa =vaty TTtw •aovdmT vaTv-iio 'vaovdmT oSiiv=a vATavtmm~o oa vvvavsouT Tv;uvmvsouT io aTnvvs v ^v ~vvvtvy;=vnvp 'vaovdmT vat°-iio toi evsboi[ vv3 vnxvN oTiiv~y °,~aSo vya o3 vangT=auoo vv TTvw /v 'vaovdmT °aTv-iio p°TlSovds vaovdmT v;Tv-uo TTo vavbTaTm TT4yv auvmdoTvnvp ao= vauvoSTddY s '=saov=vyo vvn puoT vovds uvdo but;vSxs io vvoT vya uT aines~ tTSw Puv auvmflotvnvp so= pvvodosd vxv vvsov LTT'L 'sveT°Va=vnvN •vovds uvdo va pvaoubTvvP °q TT°Vv vvsov L>9'• 'Tv;o; vya io •vovdv uvdo Tv~navu uT ATaw==no aS ^°3ov 0-6'9 io vvsv aov~o~d Tvaoa vVa tTv ;vomT~ :3i'~'~vQ!S //7S"'^lSnerr o~a~ 'auvoTiSubFe aou =o :buSnoTToi vya vp~TOUT aRq 'vtgjvve ivnv2 ^ oa pvaabSaSm uvvq aou envy TTTav vaoadm = au°~v mnmxxam vya oa P°avb~ajm uvvq enay goTgy I •gxrTVVSm uoSavbSaxm ,tq ptDTona vq ,{TgSevvs aouvao yojyn aaoadmj uTaasvo vvTiTauvPT a=odvy aaadml TvauvmuosSwug TvuT,I vyy /ROIiY/RQI/ROD DRIQIYYiAO [0 iJiQ1QiYS/ .~~„ ZI/I8t/ 5 a6ad 260-26 oN uotanTosag ~ £0'd T60S db6 0T6 3JIdd0+3S+~"IIONf100'39tlS Wtl 6£=£0 4002-SO=N(lf JUN-05-2004 03:40 RM SHGE.000NCIL~SE~OFFICE E7QiIBIT "A" STATEMENT Ot OVERRIDING CONSIDERATIONS February 26, 199] Page 7 910 947 5091 P.04 Resolution No. 92-092 Page 7 Applicent• for development shall comply with the xillaida Oevalopment Ordinance and City Development Standards. Also the prominent knoll, wham the hietorie u.e. Foroat service Fira Station site is located, shall be preserved ae open epees. Th• project i• designed to retain lsrga, delenalbl• araaa o! open space which shall maximise the habitat value !or the ppsojaet area. A total o! 4,~a] acres will remain in open apaea land use designations, including approxisately 14S acraa in the vicinity of the bog and north of the northern branch o! the Cucamonga Yault, a portion of which ra• previously daslgnated for residential davalopmant. further, a Resource rianagament Plan shall be prepared end implemented. ----r.--______.. Applicants !or davalopmant shall be conditioned to preserve 1 sera o! alluvial !an scrub habitat !or 1 acre o! alluvial !sn scrub habitat loaf, It is intended that 4,12 acraa shall ba designated as open apaea and that alluvial !an •ezub habitat in Day Crank rash, Etivanda Croak rash, Ban eevain• rash, and 143 acraa in the vicinity of the bog snd north o! the northern branch of the Cucamonga Fault shall ba retained as open apaea, Iurthar to the maximum extant feasible, rasousca conservation saaamants shall ba obtained for the aloramantionad vildli!• habitat areas. rilainaexietinq driparl•nncorridor~, casdwlina• to provide • bu!!sr eons to protest the riparian corridors from degradation assooiata4 rifts urban davalopmant. Also, conditions rill ba enforced to protaot the araaa dssignatad as ^Assourea Consasvation,e inaludinq restriction o! human uaa to designated trails, exolusion of dom.stic cats alsd doge, and exclusion o! ot!-roa4 vahioler, as wll a• tachniqua• to divert urban irrigation run- o!! end polluted storm flora. * Pro~eot applicants shall be oonditioned to implement aotion• to redues tugitiw dust during construction to the maximua extant feasible. • Project applicants shall bs conditional to partieipata in City raat• minimisation programs to raducs the llor o! municipal solid rests to landfills. JUN-05-2004 03:42 AM SRGE.000NCIL*SE~«OFFICE 910 94T 509] P_01 peaolution No. 92-092 Page 8 E7(NIHIT "A" STATEMENT OF OVERRIDING CONSIDERATIONS February Z6, 1992 Page 4 Also, th• gtiwanda Nozth spacilic Plen, end aasooistad Gonazal plan Amendment No. 9o-o]e, ar• thsmaelvaa maesura• to mitigate potential advara• Impacts of davalopmant on the axiatinq community which would otherwise occur without a planned and comprahanaiv approach to future davalopmant. The Spacilie Plan contsln• provialona tailored to davalopmant oL the sensitive elluviel tan and hillrid• environment, and is meant to replace existing Citywide soninq raqulationa that do not addraae the unique qualitiaa and community traits o! that portion of the City o! Rancho Cuaamongs and its Sphara-ol-Influence. Further, the Etiwands North spaoitio Plan providaa pre-toning !or the Bphere- ot-inllueno• area and for the plsnninq sraa north of the National Forget boundary whore City coning ordinsncaa do not apply. Coneaquantly, the adoption of the Etiwsnda North epacilic Plan will result in potantisl environmental •ilacte that era subatantielly lsaa aignilicant in ecepa end extant than those •ffaot^ which would ot!-arwise occur under the axiatinq Ganars2 Plsn and soninq raqulatione, including •a4h alternative anslyzod in the Final Environmental Impact Report. JUN-05-2004 03:43 AM SiiGE.000NCIL+SE+OFFICE 910 94T 5091 P.02 Resolution No. 92-092 page 6 g7(}lIHIT "A" STATEMENT OP OVERRIDING CONgIDERATIONB February 26, 1992 Paq• 1 shall ba obtained for the aforementioned wildlila habitat loradavalopmentlare~alluvl 1 fen sezub habit t vhieh willnbe lost. Three t Rivarian Habitats: Applicants for davalopmant will ba eonditionad Eo retain existing riparian Corridors, as wall as to provide a bullet sons to protect the riparian corridors lrom degradation associetad with uzban development. Also, conditions will ba anloread to protect the Resource Conservation areas, including restriction o! human uaa to daaignatad trails, axolusion o! domsatio eats and dogs, and axolusion o! ot!-road vehicles, as wall ae techniques to divert urban irrigation run-o!! and polluted storm !lows. Navarthalass, urbsniaation of the ores will remain a threat to riparian habiteC. project applicants will ba eonditionad to implamsntactions to reduce lugltiva duet during construction to the maximum extant leaaibla. Navarthalass, soma Construction duet will occur. SIIl~iaLl: project applicants will ba eonditionad to participate in city vests minimisation programs. Navarthalass, theta viii remain en impact on landfill capacity as a result o! aoli4 waste ganaratad by davalopmant of approximately ],157 dwelling unite, as veil as up to 10 setae o! commereisl davalopmant. Notwithatandinq these impacts, psojaet approval i^ recommended based upon a finding that ^paoiliC enviranmsntal, economic and social considasations make infaaaibla any project altarnativas specified in the linal Environmental Zmpact Report and accordingly constitutes an overriding basis !or project approval. substantial anvisonmsntal banalits viii ocous am a raault of approval o! in the Stiranda North 9pacitic plan, and associated General plan Amendment No. 90-0]0, a^ lollors: • Of the total 6,a~0-nose pion arcs, development will be limited to 1,11 serer and ~,~~t acres shall be daaignatad as open epees. • Applicants for davalopmant shall contribute to the building of the oirculatlon and transportation system of the community by mitigating all on-site impsots specified off-alts impacts as veil ae contributing to eha City~s TTattia Nexus fee Program for all other ot!-site impacts. JUN-05-2004 03:43 AM SfiGE.000NCIL+SEmOFFICE Rgf„olut>on No. 92-092 Page 4 F~cecvted this 2nd day of April, Californte. 910 947 5091 P.03 1992, at Fand'lo Cucanrorx~a, a J. , City Clark .11% JUN-05-2004 03:43 AM SAGE.COVNC[L+SE+~OFFICE 910 947 5091 P.04 Resolution No. 92^092 Page 2 i) o~ a.+tial iteration of existing open epaoe lard use character: Almost all of the total project area of 6,840 acres is currently in natural open space. of the total, 4,442 aL7es will be designated as open space. Nevertheless, 2,112 acres are proposed for development and will result in the lass of the existirq open space land use characteS. 2) City rrarLrn~rtation policies and 2Yaffic: Applicants for development will mitigate all on-site irt~act~ and specified off-site in~acte, as well as contribute to the City's 1Yaffic Nexus Fee program for off-site impacts. Nevertheless, as a result of irxaremezitsl increases to ctmnilative traffic ir:¢lacts, ofP-site il~acts will occur even after mitigation. 3) landform modificaLiOn: Applicants for developrmsit will comply with the Hillside [leveloplwslt Ordinance and City development standards. Nevertheless, grading Par development within 2,112 acmes will modify the exietirg character of the alluvial fan and portions of the hillsides. 4) wildlife itat impacts: 'Ihe project ie designrli to retain large, defensible areas of open space which will maximize the habitat value !ar the project area. A total of 4,442 acres will remain in open space land use designations. Nevertheless, developaiertt of the 2,112 acres will diminish on-site wildlife density aid diversity a:xi fragment the remaini.nq wildlife habitats. ' 5) A>>1!vial fan scrub habitat loss: Applicants for development will be cosxlitioned to preserve lucre of alluvial fan scrub habitat for 1-sae of alluvial fan scrub habitat lost. There are significant areas of natcsal alluvial fan scrub habitat within the project area which are available Par presazvation or which can be rehabilitated. Nevertheless, almost all of the 2,112 acres planned far development are alluvial fan scrub habitat and will be loaf. 6) Rtireat to ricar~~lS~~ Applicant® far develop- ment will be conditioned to retain existiry riparian corridors, as well as to provide a buffer zone to protect the riparian corridors from degradation associated with urban development. Also, conditions will ba enforced to protect the lZesourae Conservation arses including restriction of human use to designated trails, exclusion of domestic cats and dogs, exclusion of off-road vehicles, arxi techniques to divert urban irrigation run-off and polluted storm Plows. Never- theless, urbanization of the area will remain a threat to riparian habitat. • T H E C I T Y O F RANCHO C U C A M O N G A Staff Report DATE June 9, 2004 TO Chairman and Members of the Planning Commission FROM Brad Buller, Clty Planner BY Dan Coleman, Principal Planner SUBJECT PRELIMINARY REVIEW DRC2004-00521 - ETIWANDA SCHOOL DISTRICT - A courtesy review of General Plan consistency of the proposed site acquisition of approximately 14 acres of land for an elementary school in the Low-Medium Residential District (4-8 dwelling units per acre) and Etiwanda South Overlay District, located on the south side of Miller Avenue, approximately 400 feet east of Etiwanda Avenue - APN 1100-131-02 and the easterly 3 8 acres of 1100-131-01 ABSTRACT Under State law, the Office of the State Architect has the authority to review and approve school facilities In order "to promote the safety of pupils and comprehensive community planning," the School District is required to solicit a written report from the Planning Commission prior to acquiring the land The Planning Commission is required to investigate the site and detail its recommendations, In writing, to the School District SITE DESCRIPTION A Surrounding Land Use and Zoning North - Single Family Residential, Low Medium Residential District (4-8 dwelling units per acre) South - Single Family Residential, Low Medium Residential District (4-8 dwelling units per acre) East - Single Family Residential, Low Medium Residential District (4-8 dwelling units per acre) West - Vacant, Low Medium Residential (4-8 dwelling units per acre) B General Plan Designations Protect Site - Low Medium Residential District (4-8 dwelling units per acre) North - Low Medium Residential District (4-8 dwelling units per acre) South - Low Medium Residential District (4-8 dwelling units per acre) East - Low Medium Residential District (4-8 dwelling units per acre) West - Low Medium Residential District (4-8 dwelling units per acre) C Site Characteristics The 14-acre site is currently vacant and covered with native grasses The westerly 3 8-acre portion is an abandoned vineyard ITEM "K" PLANNING COMMISSION STAFF REPORT DRC2004-00521-ETIWANDA SCHOOL DISTRICT . June 9, 2004 Page 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION The Etiwanda School Distract is proposing a 14-acre elementary school, however, does not have a site plan layout available The site's mid-block location dictates that all access would be from Miller Avenue The site being designed is 14 acres because smaller sites, with a single street access, create difficulties in design for the entrance/ exit and bus lanes The student drop-off and the bus drop-off must be separate per the Califorrna Department of Education, therefore, the linear feet for two ingresses and two egresses is substantial The District also attempts to have a long drop-off m order to reduce the car stacking impact on Rancho Cucamonga streets The students for this school currently attend Grapeland Elementary School As the Victoria Arbors development continues to develop, the number of students will surpass the capacity at Grapeland Elementary and will necessitate another school to service the region east of Day Creek Boulevard, west of East Avenue, south of Base Lme Road, and north of 4th StreeUSan Bernardino Road For additional background data from Distract, please refer to Exhibit "G " ANALYSIS A General The Etiwanda School Distract has not concluded the purchase of their elementary school site within the Victoria Arbors Village A brief interview with Assistant Superintendent Doug Ciaflm on May 26 indicated that the District is preserving their option to consider alternative sites to the Arbors This site is being examined because the Arbors school site that has been planned has three factors that adversely affect its selection a) Odd shape creates design problems and wasted unusable space, b) Wetlands ad/scent to the site is of concern to the Distract with respect to recent escalation of the West Nile Virus in the San Bernardino valley, and c) Park usage as play field is helpful but not the most desirable solution for the city and School District No formal letter has been received indicating that this toint use has been completed, although verbally everyone has indicated that the tomt use is complete B Land Use The proposed site is not consistent with the adopted 2001 General Plan Update Land Use Plan because no schools were planned south of the I-15 Freeway The site is not consistent with the General Plan policy that "educational, cultural, and recreational uses should be clustered together wherever possible " The proposed site is surrounded by residences and does not ad/oin any park or cultural uses (see Exhibit „B„) The neighborhood residents have not been notified by the District of their intention to acquire this site for an elementary school Although many families may find it desirable to have a school within walking distance, there may be compatibility concerns with traffic, noise from playground and school public address system, and parking impacts upon surrounding streets during drop-off/pick-up and special events (weekly assemblies, back-to-school night, Science Fair, graduation, etc ) C Master Planning The proposed site acgwsition would leave a remnant parcel of approximately 5 acres at the southeast corner of Etiwanda and Miller Avenues This • property is zoned for single family residential The developer of the surrounding Tract 15711 prepared the attached Master Plan (see Exhibit "D") The remnant parcel would have to take access from Etiwanda and/or Miller Avenues The District should ~~ PLANNING COMMISSION STAFF REPORT DRC2004-00521-ETIWANDA SCHOOL DISTRICT • June 9, 2004 Page 3 prepare a new master plan showing how this remnant parcel could be logically developed, including, but not limited to, arculation and drainage The surrounding neighborhood was not planned to accommodate an elementary school, hence, street patterns were not designed accordingly and no pedestrian trails were provided An existing public street, Margaux Place, was intended to provide access to this property for residents Most importantly, the opportunity to cluster the park with the school has been lost due to the existing homes that now surround the proposed school site If the proposed site acquisition near Etiwanda and Miller Avenues replaces the Victoria Arbors elementary school site, then it would have a mator impact upon the master planning of the Arbors The Arbors Village, like all of the four village areas m the Victoria planned community, is planned around a central school/park Public streets and trail systems converge at this core The school/park serves as a focus for community actiwties It is too late to change the master plan of the Arbors Village because the residential neighborhoods are already under construction Staff is concerned that existing residents in the Arbors, and those in the process of buying a home in the Arbors, were doing so under the belief that the District would bwld an elementary school there These residents, and future homebuyers, have not been notified of the proposed • deletion of this school D Traffic Although no site plan has been provided, at least three driveways can be anticipated along the Miller Avenue frontage based upon similar mid-block elementary schools This may conflict with the City's access control standard of 300-foot spaang between driveways There are no elementary schools within the Etiwanda area south of the I-15 Freeway, therefore, the proposed location would reduce vehicle trips, particularly the length of said trips The nearest planned elementary school is in the Arbors village The nearest existing elementary school, West Heritage, is located 75 mile to the east E Safe Route to School The lack of full public street improvements along Etiwanda and Miller Avenues presents a safety issue for students walking to school The State of California policy is to pay only for improvements on their half of the street of the school frontage To avoid students hawng to walk on street pavements or through undeveloped property would require construction of sidewalk along Etiwanda and Miller Avenues m the locations shown m Exhibit "F " This would add cost burden to the City to construct sidewalk F Drainage An existing public street, Margaux Place, "stubs" into the south boundary of the proposed school site This street was intended to provide the primary means of draining the 20 acres of land Although this will work for the school, the remnant parcel will have to drain to Etiwanda Avenue This will necessitate filling of the remnant parcel, hence, creating slopes of indeterminate height along the common property Ime with the . school site Absent a grading plan for school, staff cannot determine what effect, if any, this would have on development of the school or the remnant parcel K3 PLANNING COMMISSION STAFF REPORT DRC2004-00521-ETIWANDA SCHOOL DISTRICT June 9, 2004 Page 4 G Noise The entire protect site is within an area of noise levels exceeding 65dBA according to General Plan Exhibit V-13 at build-out Therefore, a Norse Study should be prepared by District as part of their Initial Study process to determine appropriate mitigation measures, such as sound barriers H Alternative Sites The preferred elementary school site location rs the site planned within the Victoria Arbors Village adtoining the public park The Etiwanda School District indicates that this school would serve the area bounded by east of Day Creek Boulevard, west of East Avenue, south of Base Line Road, and north of 4th StreeUSan Bernardino Road There are three underdeveloped parcels available rn the area south of the I-15 Freeway (see Exhibit "C") Opportunities Challenges Alternate Site 1 Further from freeway Horse Less than 14-acres • Dual street frontages Alternate Srte 2 Adtoinrng Park Split by utility corridor (electrical transmission • Further from freeway noise lines) • Dual street frontages Alternate Srte 3 .Largest site area Flood zone • Further from freeway noise • Adtoining industrial • Dual street frontages Not centrally located Investioation The proposed site acquisition does not require Desrgn Review Committee or Technical Review Committee review, however, staff investigated the site The following comments are offered for the Planning Commission's consideration r~ LJ i 1 Provide a Master Plan for the City's review of the school site and the remaining 5 2-acre portion of APN 1100-131-01 at the southeast corner of Etiwanda and Miller Avenues The purpose of the master plan is to demonstrate that logical development can occur, including, but not limited to, circulation and drainage Access to the "not a part" piece shall conform to the City's Driveway and/or Street Desrgn policies • 2 The District should inform the surrounding residential neighborhood of their intent to acquire the site and prowde an opportunity for public input, such as a neighborhood meeting ~/ I\~ PLANNING COMMISSION STAFF REPORT DRC2004-00521-ETIWANDA SCHOOL DISTRICT June 9, 2004 Page 5 RECOMMENDED ACTIONS TO BE TAKEN BY DISTRICT PRIOR TO DEVELOPMENT 1 Street frontage should be improved consistent with the Etiwanda Specific Pian Miller Avenue is designated as a "Special Boulevard" that regwres a streetside setback of 45 feet, as measured from curb face 2 The Distract should coordinate street improvements and access locations with the City Traffic Engineer 3 Complete full width improvements on both sides of Miller Avenue Construct modified radius cut-de-sac at terminus of Margaux Place 4 A Development Rewew application including, but not limited to, Site Plans, Grading Plans, Bwlding Elevations, and Landscape Plans, should be submitted to the City for courtesy review 5 Prepare a Noise Study addressing traffic noise impacts from the I-15 Freeway as part of the environmental review for the school protect 6 Include the City Planner of the City of Rancho Cucamonga in the Notice of Intent mailing list and any other CEQA notifications 7 Dedicate additional right-of-way along the Miller Avenue frontage to provide an 11-foot parkway, measured from the face of curb 8 Prepare an alignmenUstriping study for Miller Avenue from Etiwanda to East Avenue a There is a 10-foot off-set in the street centerline between the east protect boundary and the Freeway support median, 120 feet east of Etiwanda Avenue The alignment study shall provide a 50 mph transition for that centerline and locate the south curb accordingly b Because nght turns into the proposed school will introduce a traffic bottleneck less than 400 feet from the Etiwanda intersection, two eastbound traffic lanes shall be provided starting at the intersection c Determine the extent of widening needed on the north side of Miller Avenue to provide a left turn lane for all protect driveways plus one through lane westbound 9 Miller Avenue shall be improved in accordance with City "Secondary Arterial" standards along the protect frontage and extending west to the Etiwanda Avenue intersection Frontage improvements shall be installed as follows a Widen south side pavement to 32 feet, measured from centerline (as determined by the aforementioned alignment study) to curb face K5 PLANNING COMMISSION STAFF REPORT DRC2004-00521-ETIWANDA SCHOOL DISTRICT June 9, 2004 Page 6 b Extend south side widening, including curb and gutter for drainage control, to Etiwanda Avenue Curb shall be 27 feet south of the median c Widen north side pavement as needed to maintain westbound through traffic separate from left turns into the school site Existing residential drive approaches shall be reconstructed d Provide five 9500 Lumen HPSV streetlights, street trees consistent with adtacent tracts, minimum 4-foot wide property line adtacent sidewalk, and drive approach(s) per Standard Drawing 101, Type C e Provide a left turn lane on Miller Avenue for new driveways f Provide additional traffic striping, signage and school related signs and legends, as required to the satisfaction of the City Engineer including R-26(s) "NO STOPPING" signs along Mtller Avenue g Replace existing corrugated metal pipe (CMP) riser with a catch basin on the south side of Miller 10 Protect driveways shall conform to the Driveway Policy, including appropriate spacing relative to the master planned parcel to the west Driveways allowing 2- way traffic shall be spaced 300 feet apart 11 Provide a minimum 4-foot wide all-weather walking surface (route to school) on the south side of Miller Avenue from the proposed School District boundaries to both the Etiwanda Avenue and East Avenue intersections, and south along Etiwanda Avenue to loin with existing public sidewalk of Tract 15711 Obtain additional off-site rights-of-way as necessary to accomplish this 12 Provide a street terminus design, and construct a vehicle turn around, for Margaux Street to the south Existing drive approach may preclude our Standard Drawing 113 A pedestrian access from the school site to Margaux Street should be provided 13 Provide sufficient off-street parking, as there will be no parking allowed on Miller Avenue 14 Street improvement plans, prepared by a registered Civil Engineer, shall be submitted to and approved by the City Engineer Prior to any work being performed in public rights-of-way, fees shall be paid and a construction permit shall be obtained from the City Engineer's office 15 Development within the Etiwanda/San Sevaine Drainage Area is responsible for paying the City's adopted Master Plan, Regional, and Secondary Regional drainage fees The master plan fee for this "Middle Etiwanda" area was increased to $22,700 per net acre in 2001, to cover the actual costs expended to install K~ PLANNING COMMISSION STAFF REPORT DRC2004-00521-ETIWANDA SCHOOL DISTRICT June 9, 2004 Page 7 existing storm drams that serve this site Regional fees are m addition to this amount 16 Tract 15711-1 has provided land for an area wide detention basin The owner of the land is eligible for reimbursement to recover the proportionate cost of the land and ultimate basin related faalities (outlet, etc) The fair share amount has been determined to be $5,000 per acre, which shall be paid pnor to building permit issuance 17 Without access to Etiwanda Avenue, clanfy how the site wdl be drained Provide a drainage study to determine how much surface flow downstream local streets can handle Off-site easements shall be obtained prior to bwlding permit issuance, if needed RECOMMENDATION Staff recommends that the Planning Commission review and comment on the proposed site acquisition, which staff will forward m writing to the Etiwanda School District for their consideration Respectfully submitted, ~ el r Br Ci anner BB DC gs Attachments Exhibit "A" - Assessor's Parcel Map Exhibit "B" - Site Utilization Map/Aerial Photo Exhibit "C" - Alternative Sites Exhibit "D" - Master Plan (from Tract 15711) Exhibit "E" - Etiwanda School Distract Letter Exhibit "F" - Safe Route to School Exhibit "G" - District Response ~J K ~1 THIS HAP IS GOR THE PUPPOSE NOiAiOVSUPVEY0R5z5CALE OHiY Por. Etiwanda Colony Lands M.B. 2/24 . ~sAa~'a I ~ A _O //]^,~ J o= \~ ~1 ~"f}L~---_--_--_ I I _ 66 6a ]W N I 7 e ~~ ,~ 4 • of ~ I ^0 AC 1 8 98 AC •~ a v a w I BLR ~~ Y '~ ~' O ' N o Ac 10 20 I Por. S. W. 1/4. Sec. 04 T.1 s.. R.6 u. Rancho Cucamonga Clty 1100 - ~ 3 Tax Rate Area 15022 _ _ -~YtM.~ - ^ - Assessor's t"bp Book 1100 Page 13 $an 8ernardlno County I I !~. ~I J eEViSEn R/29/8] B ~ ~"~~ 7~USCANY ,y~, ~; ~_ =-~-4,--~--ky# ~' ~ i Y~v-'~y~~' )'~1'~Y ~~~T'i . ~a-,.o, *` ~. + '`"E~ ki .... ~.. ___ y 1..,E ~`~ ' 3 ~' xis" ` -5r ~ 4 ~ ,~ ~~ 3 ,, € ~,. _ d, } ~ ~r i~,~~ 'x,- ~~ ~ - #~~ _~r ~7a w ~~ tt 'Vi'i ~ , ~ ~' _ . . ~" '~ ~'~ 4 ~ . ~ t~ ,~ ~ ~ - ! ~~. j N..~LCF ~,~e 3Y.S' ~ '9 F Ex t~~ .~ ^..a a 'L f '~ 1 ~ , Ti + + -. ~~- ..AY` 4~ ~~. F ~ R.. .4 3 '~ x » , ~~~~y '~;~~r h~'. a iii r f:~ ~~<., ~ ~~ ~. .w ~~~ }8x`8 {~£mrt [eF ~ ky y..,u_' ~ ~~~ ~x '*•q~. !x f~ I fit` ,~t f ~t~tix;~ x'* ° F. ,. .' ~, ,Rw a ~ L ~ I$ caLONNAnE RaEr ~ ~' ti~ I _ F ~ { E i I I AgyIC ELEGANCE COLONIAL / ~ Sy HER I ` F F W~ I I pUAIL I p0 ~ ~ Ij~j ~~~ k ¢ 4 o ~ WWD:RASE ~ I I enRTeaw+ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ pa" ~ r I_ &WGrYON~ _ 44NGMFADCxi I ' RIX11NS1fILLS- y ~j 1 - MG~IEL- O z ~MM1NF~~ g SMiING ACINiAIN ~ ~ ~ ' ~ RNER QOK P r n - ~ '~;~1 I .- ~~_~~~~il l- --. ~ ~ z ELk Oyt. G 18W I SILVER R(25E i ~ I }.yyyA$yE i- -L(IR TgJE p I dP o' ~ n i I - .. __ u 6 vnLO wR~ ! z <~ ~ ~ ~~ ~ i ^, ~, III g ~ ~ = 8 y II ~'f ' P _ I I ' ~lgREaKtiEv~ p ~~ _ ,9 - - ~ f ~ ~ ~ ~- - 11 ~ 0 R ~ i Q ~ 3 C 1 ~I ' 8 --- -- ~ , . oAeAV • ~ ~ I i ~ . _ i I I '' I II ~ 14[YANEP ' III ; ~ r ,~ 84#L~ MNSTREE~ ~ ~ ~ I - _ ~ - ~ -- ~ qa/' I - ' ~ N I ~ ~ _ r ' ~. I_ I O ~vt I I I ~ ~ ~ ~ ~R~ ~; ~ ~ ' i l ~T ' K L ~~I 'A~eso~ ~I V ~j 1~+_ 'S ' Il I ~ 1 ~5ur sE e a _ ~ ~~ ~p .I 1 p - ~ ' enrm i - 'z I v ~ I G ~ cnEm~x e I . ' ~ ~3, ~ Park ' ~ ~ ~ ~ 4~i' ~~ar-Ew~e~" ' f~ p "' ~ -_ I- -- I ~ I ~ I -__-; , I ,' .~ - 'r~CHESTNUI f O ~r i F3 ~~ i ~N x'~ ~~ '"' '~?~e ~~'.~A~,~KN~tT1VE y1T~ ~c -o ~~ I ~€ ,~; 1` j i ~ ~ ~ •~_ ~* 4~ _ ~3a + ~_ ' ~' ' F~e~ to ` c .~ eiy ~ ~ti .L '~ 7 j ~°® / 1 is IC --a., ho ~ ±n nr A 1`p _ _ __I *5~ C~ ~,g i ~ ,~ ~ ~~ ..~_ ,_.~ .~ e .• ' r° , it _ y -i :~~ ~ i ~ ~ i ~ s ~ ~ - - - ? y` J~``~ e C e O I ,s ~y - ~, _ ~--cc~~____ .. 3 acf i ,~ ~' G ~'F- ' i ,.~ ~ ~ r= I a h, ~- 'i ~ ;~ i i fl ~ , -.~-- ~ ~ ~ - _ _ __ _ _~_L_...r.: `r _- ~I i .~ I i i ' 1 i. J ~ \`~~~ ~ ~ T~_ _ ~1 A-~ 1~ I / ! ~ ~- .~ Shawn Judson Supenntendent Douglas M Claflm Assistant Supenntendent of Business Services Rebecca M Lawrence Assistant Supenntendent of Ins WchonlPupll Services Heidt M Soehnel Assistant Supenntendent of Personnel Sylvta Kordtch Administrator of Special Programs 6061 East Avenue, Etlwanda, Callfomla 91739 www etfwanda k12 ca us (909) 899-2451 FAX (909) 899-9463 May 3, 2004 City of Rancho Cucamonga Planning Division 10500 Clvlc Center Dnve Rancho Cucamonga, CA 91729 Board of Trustees Brynna Cadman Dawd W Long Mark H Murph~ Cealia L Solorl Mondl M Taylor crrv ~~ r~art,c„~ ':~, 7NGA MAY (~ 6 20U4 - "~t(Nr, ~RG~4-~sz~ Re Notice of Acquisition of Property by Etlwanda School District Gentlemen The Etlwanda School Distract proposes to acquire an elementary school site consisting of fourteen (14) acres conslsting of 10.2 acres of Assessor's Parcel No 1100-131-02 and 3 8 acres of Assessor's Parcel No 1100-131-01 located on the southeast corner of Etlwanda Avenue and Miller Avenue in the City of Rancho Cucamonga Section 65402(c) of the Government Code and Public Resources Code section 21151 2 provide that if a general plan has been adopted, no real property shall be acquired for public purposes until such acqulsltlon has been submitted to and reported upon by the planning agency as to the conformity with the adopted general plan. The Etlwanda School District hereby submits the request required by section 65402(c) of the California Government Code to the planning agency of the City of Rancho Cucamonga The transaction includes purchasing a 3 8-acre portion of Assessor's Parcel Number 1100-131-01 In accordance with Government Code section 66428(a)(2), since the acqulsltlon would transfer the property to the Etlwanda School District, a governmental agency, the recordation of a parcel map is not required. Therefore, the District requests a certificate of exception for this transaction Very truly yours, DMC/dint 'l1 ~~ enls4'aaLM1EZWnWUtlronVAiIIMC~Y RenuMl for Review Cat Do as M Claflm Assistant Superintendent, Business Services f•~ Kia • • L~ Il rll~~'Reu'k -6 ~o~ X13 f Message Coleman, Dan Page 1 oft From Doug Claflln [Doug_Claflln@etlwanda k12 ca us] Sent. Thursday, June 03, 2004 9 29 AM To Coleman, Dan Cc Shawn Judson Subject Miller Elementary School Slte Dan, Sorry this has been delayed 1 The site being designed is 14 acres because smaller sites, with a single street access, create difficulties in design for the entrance /exit and bus lanes The student drop off and the bus drop off must be separate per the California Department of Education Therefore, the linear feet for two ingresses and two egresses is substantial We also anempt to have a long drop of( in order to reduce the car stacking impact on Rancho Cucamonga streets 2 Site plan layout -Will be available early next week 3 Access locations -Will be available early next week 4 8 5 Student population & Attendance Boundaries -The students for this school currently attend Grapeland Elementary School As the Arbors development continues to develop, the number of students will surpass the capacity at Grapeland Elementary antl will necessitate another school to service the region east of Day Creek Blvtl ,west of East Ave, south of Baseline Roatl, antl north of 4th Street /San Bernardino Road The following tlata shows our growth estimates for Grapeland Elementary School and Ehwanda Intermediate School with the current knowledge of developments In the curcent attendance area Homes/Units Elementary ntermedra[e uurrnt Stutlent Population rn attendance area 660 112 rowth Factor In attendance area from exisbng homes 6% per year) Estimated new homes in attendance boundary ors (east of Day Creek, Areas A, B, D, E. F) 461 190 11 entex (South of baseline, west of Ehwanda) 4 18 11 Pacifc Communities (MOtlels) 6 PH Smokestone 2 cll Brothers 79 32 1 T Storm (East) 11 7 Storm (Ehwanda) 26 1 mdstar (East & Victona) 2 1 KB SFR (Baseline /Ehwanda) 134 5 31 B Condos (Baseline /Ehwanda) 166 22 1 PH Condo (East / 16 FWl') 11 16 1 mpire Apartments 32 37 2 Cher areas for Ehwanda Intermediate 4 OTAL ESTIMATED STUDENTS 977 1461 The regular education capacity of Grapeland Elementary School is 902 Elementary schools in excess of 800 are undesirable The permanent capacity at EIS is 1408 The ability to maintain the current intermediate school capacities and boundanes could necessitate an adlustmen[ of grade levels resulting in the reduction of Ehwanda Intermetliate School and an increase in Grapeland enrollments There are also many vacant parcels in these attendance areas that the Ehwanda School District does not have the protected tracts and/or usage statistics This site is being examined because the Arbors School Site that has been planned has three factors that atlversely affect its selection A Odd shape creates design problems and wasted unusable space B Wetlands adlacent to the site is of concern to the tlistrict with respect to recent escalation of the West Nile Virus in the San Bernardino valley C Park usage as play field is helpful but not the most desirable solution for the aty and school district No formal letter has been received intlicating that this joint use has been completed Although verbally everyone has indicated that the ioint use is complete 11~~~ ~~~ r1 \J J • Message If you have any more questions please feel free to contact me at 909-699-2451 x3124 or ematl me Thanks, Doug Claflin Assistant Superintendent of Business Services l J Kos Page 2 of 2 6/3/2004